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-Git 2.4 Release Notes
-=====================
-
-Backward compatibility warning(s)
----------------------------------
-
-This release has a few changes in the user-visible output from
-Porcelain commands. These are not meant to be parsed by scripts, but
-users still may want to be aware of the changes:
-
- * The output from "git log --decorate" (and, more generally, the "%d"
-   format specifier used in the "--format=<string>" parameter to the
-   "git log" family of commands) has changed. It used to list "HEAD"
-   just like other branches; e.g.,
-
-     $ git log --decorate -1 master
-     commit bdb0f6788fa5e3cacc4315e9ff318a27b2676ff4 (HEAD, master)
-     ...
-
-   This release changes the output slightly when HEAD refers to a
-   branch whose name is also shown in the output. The above is now
-   shown as:
-
-     $ git log --decorate -1 master
-     commit bdb0f6788fa5e3cacc4315e9ff318a27b2676ff4 (HEAD -> master)
-     ...
-
- * The phrasing "git branch" uses to describe a detached HEAD has been
-   updated to agree with the phrasing used by "git status":
-
-    - When HEAD is at the same commit as when it was originally
-      detached, they now both show "detached at <commit object name>".
-
-    - When HEAD has moved since it was originally detached, they now
-      both show "detached from <commit object name>".
-
-   Previously, "git branch" always used "from".
-
-
-Updates since v2.3
-------------------
-
-Ports
-
- * Our default I/O size (8 MiB) for large files was too large for some
-   platforms with smaller SSIZE_MAX, leading to read(2)/write(2)
-   failures.
-
- * We did not check the curl library version before using the
-   CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH feature, which did not exist in older versions of
-   the library.
-
- * We now detect number of CPUs on older BSD-derived systems.
-
- * Portability fixes and workarounds for shell scripts have been added
-   to help BSD-derived systems.
-
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * The command usage info strings given by "git cmd -h" and in
-   documentation have been tweaked for consistency.
-
- * The "sync" subcommand of "git p4" now allows users to exclude
-   subdirectories like its "clone" subcommand does.
-
- * "git log --invert-grep --grep=WIP" will show only commits that do
-   not have the string "WIP" in their messages.
-
- * "git push" has been taught an "--atomic" option that makes a push
-   that updates more than one ref an "all-or-none" affair.
-
- * Extending the "push to deploy" feature that was added in 2.3, the
-   behaviour of "git push" when updating the branch that is checked
-   out can now be tweaked by a "push-to-checkout" hook.
-
- * HTTP-based transports now send Accept-Language when making
-   requests. The languages to accept are inferred from environment
-   variables on the client side (LANGUAGE, etc).
-
- * "git send-email" used to accept a mistaken "y" (or "yes") as an
-   answer to "What encoding do you want to use [UTF-8]?" without
-   questioning. Now it asks for confirmation when the answer looks too
-   short to be a valid encoding name.
-
- * When "git apply --whitespace=fix" fixed whitespace errors in the
-   common context lines, the command reports that it did so.
-
- * "git status" now allows the "-v" option to be given twice, in which
-   case it also shows the differences in the working tree that are not
-   staged to be committed.
-
- * "git cherry-pick" used to clean up the log message even when it is
-   merely replaying an existing commit. It now replays the message
-   verbatim unless you are editing the message of the resulting
-   commit.
-
- * "git archive" can now be told to set the 'text' attribute in the
-   resulting zip archive.
-
- * Output from "git log --decorate" now distinguishes between a
-   detached HEAD vs. a HEAD that points at a branch.
-
-   This is a potentially backward-incompatible change; see above for
-   more information.
-
- * When HEAD was detached when at commit xyz and hasn't been moved
-   since it was detached, "git status" would report "detached at xyz"
-   whereas "git branch" would report "detached from xyz". Now the
-   output of "git branch" agrees with that of "git status".
-
-   This is a potentially backward-incompatible change; see above for
-   more information.
-
- * "git -C '' subcmd" now works in the current directory (analogously
-   to "cd ''") rather than dying with an error message.
-   (merge 6a536e2 kn/git-cd-to-empty later to maint).
-
- * The versionsort.prereleaseSuffix configuration variable can be used
-   to specify that, for example, v1.0-pre1 comes before v1.0.
-
- * A new "push.followTags" configuration turns the "--follow-tags"
-   option on by default for the "git push" command.
-
- * "git log --graph --no-walk A B..." is a nonsensical combination of
-   options: "--no-walk" requests discrete points in the history, while
-   "--graph" asks to draw connections between these discrete points.
-   Forbid the use of these options together.
-
- * "git rev-list --bisect --first-parent" does not work (yet) and can
-   even cause SEGV; forbid it. "git log --bisect --first-parent" would
-   not be useful until "git bisect --first-parent" materializes, so
-   also forbid it for now.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * Slightly change the implementation of the N_() macro to help us
-   detect mistakes.
-
- * Restructure the implementation of "reflog expire" to fit better
-   with the recently updated reference API.
-
- * The transport-helper did not pass transport options such as
-   verbosity, progress, cloning, etc. to import and export based
-   helpers, like it did for fetch and push based helpers, robbing them
-   of the chance to honor the wish of the end-users better.
-
- * The tests that wanted to see that a file becomes unreadable after
-   running "chmod a-r file", and the tests that wanted to make sure
-   that they are not run as root, used "can we write into the /
-   directory?" as a cheap substitute. But on some platforms that is
-   not a good heuristic. The tests and their prerequisites have been
-   updated to check what they really require.
-   (merge f400e51 jk/sanity later to maint).
-
- * Various issues around "reflog expire", e.g. using --updateref when
-   expiring a reflog for a symbolic reference, have been corrected
-   and/or made saner.
-
- * The documentation for the strbuf API had been split between the API
-   documentation and the header file. Consolidate the documentation in
-   strbuf.h.
-
- * The error handling functions and conventions are now documented in
-   the API manual (in api-error-handling.txt).
-
- * Optimize gitattribute look-up, mostly useful in "git grep" on a
-   project that does not use many attributes, by avoiding it when we
-   (should) know that the attributes are not defined in the first
-   place.
-
- * Typofix in comments.
-   (merge ef2956a ak/git-pm-typofix later to maint).
-
- * Code clean-up.
-   (merge 0b868f0 sb/hex-object-name-is-at-most-41-bytes-long later to maint).
-   (merge 5d30851 dp/remove-duplicated-header-inclusion later to maint).
-
- * Simplify the ref transaction API for verifying that "the ref should
-   be pointing at this object".
-
- * Simplify the code in "git daemon" that parses out and holds
-   hostnames used in request interpolation.
-
- * Restructure the "git push" codepath to make it easier to add new
-   configuration bits.
-
- * The run-command interface made it easy to make a pipe for us to
-   read from a process, wait for the process to finish, and then
-   attempt to read its output. But this pattern can lead to deadlock.
-   So introduce a helper to do this correctly (i.e., first read, and
-   then wait the process to finish) and also add code to prevent such
-   abuse in the run-command helper.
-
- * People often forget to chain the commands in their test together
-   with &&, letting a failure from an earlier command in the test go
-   unnoticed. The new GIT_TEST_CHAIN_LINT mechanism allows you to
-   catch such a mistake more easily.
-
-
-Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.3
-----------------
-
-Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.3 in the maintenance
-track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
-notes for details).
-
- * "git blame HEAD -- missing" failed to correctly say "HEAD" when it
-   tried to say "No such path 'missing' in HEAD".
-   (merge a46442f jk/blame-commit-label later to maint).
-
- * "git rerere" (invoked internally from many mergy operations) did
-   not correctly signal errors when it attempted to update the working
-   tree files but failed for whatever reason.
-   (merge 89ea903 jn/rerere-fail-on-auto-update-failure later to maint).
-
- * Setting diff.submodule to 'log' made "git format-patch" produce
-   broken patches.
-   (merge 339de50 dk/format-patch-ignore-diff-submodule later to maint).
-
- * After attempting and failing a password-less authentication (e.g.,
-   Kerberos), libcURL refuses to fall back to password-based Basic
-   authentication without a bit of help/encouragement.
-   (merge 4dbe664 bc/http-fallback-to-password-after-krb-fails later to maint).
-
- * The "git push" documentation for the "--repo=<there>" option was
-   easily misunderstood.
-   (merge 57b92a7 mg/push-repo-option-doc later to maint).
-
- * Code to read a branch name from various files in the .git/
-   directory would have overrun array limits if asked to read an empty
-   file.
-   (merge 66ec904 jk/status-read-branch-name-fix later to maint).
-
- * Remove a superfluous conditional that is always true.
-   (merge 94ee8e2 jk/remote-curl-an-array-in-struct-cannot-be-null later to maint).
-
- * The "git diff --raw" documentation incorrectly implied that C(opy)
-   and R(ename) are the only statuses that can be followed by a score
-   number.
-   (merge ac1c2d9 jc/diff-format-doc later to maint).
-
- * A broken pack .idx file in the receiving repository prevented the
-   dumb http transport from fetching a good copy of it from the other
-   side.
-   (merge 8b9c2dd jk/dumb-http-idx-fetch-fix later to maint).
-
- * The error message from "git commit", when a non-existing author
-   name was given as value to the "--author=" parameter, has been
-   reworded to avoid misunderstanding.
-   (merge 1044b1f mg/commit-author-no-match-malformed-message later to maint).
-
- * "git log --help" used to show rev-list options that are irrelevant
-   to the "log" command.
-   (merge 3cab02d jc/doc-log-rev-list-options later to maint).
-
- * "git apply --whitespace=fix" used to under-allocate memory when the
-   fix resulted in a longer text than the original patch.
-   (merge 407a792 jc/apply-ws-fix-expands later to maint).
-
- * The interactive "show a list and let the user choose from it"
-   interface used by "git add -i" unnecessarily prompted the user even
-   when the candidate list was empty, against which the only "choice"
-   the user could have made was to choose nothing.
-   (merge a9c4641 ak/add-i-empty-candidates later to maint).
-
- * The todo list created by "git rebase -i" did not fully honor
-   core.abbrev settings.
-   (merge edb72d5 ks/rebase-i-abbrev later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch" over a remote-helper that cannot respond to the "list"
-   command could not fetch from a symbolic reference (e.g., HEAD).
-   (merge 33cae54 mh/deref-symref-over-helper-transport later to maint).
-
- * "git push --signed" gave an incorrectly worded error message when
-   the other side did not support the capability.
-
- * The "git push --signed" protocol extension did not limit what the
-   "nonce" (a server-chosen string) could contain nor how long it
-   could be, which was unnecessarily lax. Limit both the length and
-   the alphabet to a reasonably small space that can still have enough
-   entropy.
-   (merge afcb6ee jc/push-cert later to maint).
-
- * The completion script (in contrib/) clobbered the shell variable $x
-   in the global shell namespace.
-   (merge 852ff1c ma/bash-completion-leaking-x later to maint).
-
- * We incorrectly formatted a "uintmax_t" integer that doesn't fit in
-   "int".
-   (merge d306f3d jk/decimal-width-for-uintmax later to maint).
-
- * The configuration parser used to be confused when reading
-   configuration from a blob object that ends with a lone CR.
-   (merge 1d0655c jk/config-no-ungetc-eof later to maint).
-
- * The pack bitmap support did not build with older versions of GCC.
-   (merge bd4e882 jk/pack-bitmap later to maint).
-
- * The documentation wasn't clear that "remote.<nick>.pushURL" and
-   "remote.<nick>.URL" are there to name the same repository accessed
-   via different transports, not two separate repositories.
-   (merge 697f652 jc/remote-set-url-doc later to maint).
-
- * Older GnuPG implementations may not correctly import the keyring
-   material we prepare for the tests to use.
-   (merge 1f985d6 ch/new-gpg-drops-rfc-1991 later to maint).
-
- * The credential helper for Windows (in contrib/) used to mishandle
-   user names that contain an at-sign.
-   (merge 13d261e av/wincred-with-at-in-username-fix later to maint).
-
- * "diff-highlight" (in contrib/) used to show byte-by-byte
-   differences, which could cause multi-byte characters to be chopped
-   in the middle. It learned to pay attention to character boundaries
-   (assuming UTF-8).
-   (merge 8d00662 jk/colors later to maint).
-
- * Document longstanding configuration variable naming rules in
-   CodingGuidelines.
-   (merge 35840a3 jc/conf-var-doc later to maint).
-
- * An earlier workaround to squelch unhelpful deprecation warnings
-   from the compiler on OS X unnecessarily set a minimum required
-   version of the OS, which the user might want to raise (or lower)
-   for other reasons.
-   (merge 88c03eb es/squelch-openssl-warnings-on-macosx later to maint).
-
- * Certain older vintages of cURL give irregular output from
-   "curl-config --vernum", which confused our build system.
-   (merge 3af6792 tc/curl-vernum-output-broken-in-7.11 later to maint).
-
- * In v2.2.0, we broke "git prune" that runs in a repository that
-   borrows from an alternate object store.
-   (merge b0a4264 jk/prune-mtime later to maint).
-
- * "git submodule add" failed to squash "path/to/././submodule" to
-   "path/to/submodule".
-   (merge 8196e72 ps/submodule-sanitize-path-upon-add later to maint).
-
- * "git merge-file" did not work correctly when invoked in a
-   subdirectory.
-   (merge 204a8ff ab/merge-file-prefix later to maint).
-
- * "git blame" could die trying to free an uninitialized piece of
-   memory.
-   (merge e600592 es/blame-commit-info-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git fast-import" used to crash when it could not close and
-   finalize the resulting packfile cleanly.
-   (merge 5e915f3 jk/fast-import-die-nicely-fix later to maint).
-
- * "update-index --refresh" used to leak memory when an entry could
-   not be refreshed for whatever reason.
-   (merge bc1c2ca sb/plug-leak-in-make-cache-entry later to maint).
-
- * The "interpolated-path" option of "git daemon" inserted any string
-   the client declared on the "host=" capability request without
-   checking. Sanitize and limit %H and %CH to a saner and a valid DNS
-   name.
-   (merge b485373 jk/daemon-interpolate later to maint).
-
- * "git daemon" unnecessarily looked up the hostname even when "%CH"
-   and "%IP" interpolations were not requested.
-   (merge dc8edc8 rs/daemon-interpolate later to maint).
-
- * We relied on "--no-" prefix handling in Perl's Getopt::Long
-   package, even though that support didn't exist in Perl 5.8 (which
-   we still support). Manually add support to help people with older
-   Getopt::Long packages.
-   (merge f471494 km/send-email-getopt-long-workarounds later to maint).
-
- * "git apply" was not very careful about reading from, removing,
-   updating and creating paths outside the working tree (under
-   --index/--cached) or the current directory (when used as a
-   replacement for GNU patch).
-   (merge e0d201b jc/apply-beyond-symlink later to maint).
-
- * Correct a breakage in git-svn, introduced around the v2.2 era, that
-   can cause FileHandles to be closed prematurely.
-   (merge e426311 ew/svn-maint-fixes later to maint).
-
- * We did not parse usernames followed by literal IPv6 addresses
-   correctly in SSH transport URLs; e.g.,
-   ssh://user@[2001:db8::1]:22/repo.git.
-   (merge 6b6c5f7 tb/connect-ipv6-parse-fix later to maint).
-
- * The configuration variable 'mailinfo.scissors' was hard to
-   discover in the documentation.
-   (merge afb5de7 mm/am-c-doc later to maint).
-
- * The interaction between "git submodule update" and the
-   submodule.*.update configuration was not clearly documented.
-   (merge 5c31acf ms/submodule-update-config-doc later to maint).
-
- * "git diff --shortstat" used together with "--dirstat=changes" or
-   "--dirstat=files" incorrectly output dirstat information twice.
-   (merge ab27389 mk/diff-shortstat-dirstat-fix later to maint).
-
- * The manpage for "git remote add" mentioned "--tags" and "--no-tags"
-   but did not explain what happens if neither option is provided.
-   (merge aaba0ab mg/doc-remote-tags-or-not later to maint).
-
- * The description of "--exclude-standard option" in the output of
-   "git grep -h" was phrased poorly.
-   (merge 77fdb8a nd/grep-exclude-standard-help-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git rebase -i" recently started to include the number of commits
-   in the todo list, but that output included extraneous whitespace on
-   a platform that prepends leading whitespaces to its "wc -l" output.
-   (merge 2185d3b es/rebase-i-count-todo later to maint).
-
- * The borrowed code in the kwset API did not follow our usual
-   convention to use "unsigned char" to store values that range from
-   0-255.
-   (merge 189c860 bw/kwset-use-unsigned later to maint).
-
- * A corrupt input to "git diff -M" used to cause it to segfault.
-   (merge 4d6be03 jk/diffcore-rename-duplicate later to maint).
-
- * Certain builds of GPG triggered false breakages in a test.
-   (merge 3f88c1b mg/verify-commit later to maint).
-
- * "git imap-send" learned to optionally talk with an IMAP server via
-   libcURL. Because there is no other option when Git is built with
-   the NO_OPENSSL option, use libcURL by default in that case.
-   (merge dcd01ea km/imap-send-libcurl-options later to maint).
-
- * "git log --decorate" did not reset colors correctly around the
-   branch names.
-   (merge 5ee8758 jc/decorate-leaky-separator-color later to maint).
-
- * The code that reads from the ctags file in the completion script
-   (in contrib/) did not spell ${param/pattern/string} substitution
-   correctly, which happened to work with bash but not with zsh.
-   (merge db8d750 js/completion-ctags-pattern-substitution-fix later to maint).
-
- * The transfer.hiderefs support did not quite work for smart-http
-   transport.
-   (merge 8ddf3ca jk/smart-http-hide-refs later to maint).
-
- * In the "git tag -h" output, move the documentation for the
-   "--column" and "--sort" options to the "Tag listing options"
-   section.
-   (merge dd059c6 jk/tag-h-column-is-a-listing-option later to maint).
-
- * "git prune" used to largely ignore broken refs when deciding which
-   objects are still being used, which could cause reference
-   corruption to lead to object loss.
-   (merge ea56c4e jk/prune-with-corrupt-refs later to maint).
-
- * The split-index mode introduced in v2.3.0-rc0~41 was broken in the
-   codepath to protect us against a broken reimplementation of Git
-   that writes an invalid index with duplicated index entries, etc.
-   (merge 03f15a7 tg/fix-check-order-with-split-index later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch", when fetching a commit using the
-   allow-tip-sha1-in-want extension, could have failed to fetch all of
-   the requested refs.
-   (merge 32d0462 jk/fetch-pack later to maint).
-
- * An failure early in the "git clone" that started creating the
-   working tree and repository could have resulted in the failure to
-   clean up some directories and files.
-   (merge 16eff6c jk/cleanup-failed-clone later to maint).
-
- * Recommend format-patch and send-email for those who want to submit
-   patches to this project.
-   (merge b25c469 jc/submitting-patches-mention-send-email later to maint).
-
- * Do not spawn the pager when "git grep" is run with "--quiet".
-   (merge c2048f0 ws/grep-quiet-no-pager later to maint).
-
- * The prompt script (in contrib/) did not show the untracked sign
-   when working in a subdirectory without any untracked files.
-   (merge 9bdc517 ct/prompt-untracked-fix later to maint).
-
- * An earlier update to the URL parser broke an address that contains
-   a colon but an empty string for the port number, like
-   ssh://example.com:/path/to/repo.
-   (merge 6b6c5f7 tb/connect-ipv6-parse-fix later to maint).
-
- * Code cleanups and documentation updates.
-   (merge 2ce63e9 rs/simple-cleanups later to maint).
-   (merge 33baa69 rj/no-xopen-source-for-cygwin later to maint).
-   (merge 817d03e jc/diff-test-updates later to maint).
-   (merge eb32c66 ak/t5516-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge bcd57cb mr/doc-clean-f-f later to maint).
-   (merge 0d6accc mg/doc-status-color-slot later to maint).
-   (merge 53e53c7 sg/completion-remote later to maint).
-   (merge 8fa7975 ak/git-done-help-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 9a6f128 rs/deflate-init-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 6f75d45 rs/use-isxdigit later to maint).
-   (merge 376e4b3 jk/test-annoyances later to maint).
-   (merge 7032054 nd/doc-git-index-version later to maint).
-   (merge e869c5e tg/test-index-v4 later to maint).
-   (merge 599d223 jk/simplify-csum-file-sha1fd-check later to maint).
-   (merge 260d585 sg/completion-gitcomp-nl-for-refs later to maint).
-   (merge 777c55a jc/report-path-error-to-dir later to maint).
-   (merge fddfaf8 ph/push-doc-cas later to maint).
-   (merge d50d31e ss/pull-rebase-preserve later to maint).
-   (merge c8c3f1d pt/enter-repo-comment-fix later to maint).
-   (merge d7bfb9e jz/gitweb-conf-doc-fix later to maint).
-   (merge f907282 jk/cherry-pick-docfix later to maint).
-   (merge d3c0811 iu/fix-parse-options-h-comment later to maint).
-   (merge 6c3b2af jg/cguide-we-cannot-count later to maint).
-   (merge 2b8bd44 jk/pack-corruption-post-mortem later to maint).
-   (merge 9585cb8 jn/doc-fast-import-no-16-octopus-limit later to maint).
-   (merge 5dcd1b1 ps/grep-help-all-callback-arg later to maint).
-   (merge f1f4c84 va/fix-git-p4-tests later to maint).