about summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/src/libstore/gc.cc
blob: 3a626dedae9812b615774f2a58d5c1c1b8846a12 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
#include "gc.hh"
#include "globals.hh"
#include "misc.hh"
#include "pathlocks.hh"
#include "store.hh"
#include "db.hh"
#include "util.hh"

#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#ifdef __CYGWIN__
#include <windows.h>
#include <sys/cygwin.h>
#endif


namespace nix {


static string gcLockName = "gc.lock";
static string tempRootsDir = "temproots";
static string gcRootsDir = "gcroots";


/* Acquire the global GC lock.  This is used to prevent new Nix
   processes from starting after the temporary root files have been
   read.  To be precise: when they try to create a new temporary root
   file, they will block until the garbage collector has finished /
   yielded the GC lock. */
static int openGCLock(LockType lockType)
{
    Path fnGCLock = (format("%1%/%2%")
        % nixStateDir % gcLockName).str();
         
    debug(format("acquiring global GC lock `%1%'") % fnGCLock);
    
    AutoCloseFD fdGCLock = open(fnGCLock.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
    if (fdGCLock == -1)
        throw SysError(format("opening global GC lock `%1%'") % fnGCLock);

    if (!lockFile(fdGCLock, lockType, false)) {
        printMsg(lvlError, format("waiting for the big garbage collector lock..."));
        lockFile(fdGCLock, lockType, true);
    }

    /* !!! Restrict read permission on the GC root.  Otherwise any
       process that can open the file for reading can DoS the
       collector. */
    
    return fdGCLock.borrow();
}


void createSymlink(const Path & link, const Path & target, bool careful)
{
    /* Create directories up to `gcRoot'. */
    createDirs(dirOf(link));

    /* Remove the old symlink. */
    if (pathExists(link)) {
        if (careful && (!isLink(link) || !isInStore(readLink(link))))
            throw Error(format("cannot create symlink `%1%'; already exists") % link);
        unlink(link.c_str());
    }

    /* And create the new own. */
    if (symlink(target.c_str(), link.c_str()) == -1)
        throw SysError(format("symlinking `%1%' to `%2%'")
            % link % target);
}


Path addPermRoot(const Path & _storePath, const Path & _gcRoot,
    bool indirect, bool allowOutsideRootsDir)
{
    Path storePath(canonPath(_storePath));
    Path gcRoot(canonPath(_gcRoot));
    assertStorePath(storePath);

    /* Grab the global GC root.  This prevents the set of permanent
       roots from increasing while a GC is in progress. */
    AutoCloseFD fdGCLock = openGCLock(ltRead);

    if (indirect) {
        string hash = printHash32(hashString(htSHA1, gcRoot));
        Path realRoot = canonPath((format("%1%/%2%/auto/%3%")
            % nixStateDir % gcRootsDir % hash).str());
        
        {
            SwitchToOriginalUser sw;
            createSymlink(gcRoot, storePath, true);
        }
        createSymlink(realRoot, gcRoot, false);
    }

    else {
        if (!allowOutsideRootsDir) {
            Path rootsDir = canonPath((format("%1%/%2%") % nixStateDir % gcRootsDir).str());
    
            if (string(gcRoot, 0, rootsDir.size() + 1) != rootsDir + "/")
                throw Error(format(
                    "path `%1%' is not a valid garbage collector root; "
                    "it's not in the directory `%2%'")
                    % gcRoot % rootsDir);
        }
            
        createSymlink(gcRoot, storePath, false);
    }

    return gcRoot;
}


/* The file to which we write our temporary roots. */
static Path fnTempRoots;
static AutoCloseFD fdTempRoots;


void addTempRoot(const Path & path)
{
    /* Create the temporary roots file for this process. */
    if (fdTempRoots == -1) {

        while (1) {
            Path dir = (format("%1%/%2%") % nixStateDir % tempRootsDir).str();
            createDirs(dir);
            
            fnTempRoots = (format("%1%/%2%")
                % dir % getpid()).str();

            AutoCloseFD fdGCLock = openGCLock(ltRead);
            
            if (pathExists(fnTempRoots))
                /* It *must* be stale, since there can be no two
                   processes with the same pid. */
                deletePath(fnTempRoots);

	    fdTempRoots = openLockFile(fnTempRoots, true);

            fdGCLock.close();
      
	    /* Note that on Cygwin a lot of the following complexity
	       is unnecessary, since we cannot delete open lock
	       files.  If we have the lock file open, then it's valid;
	       if we can delete it, then it wasn't in use any more. 

	       Also note that on Cygwin we cannot "upgrade" a lock
	       from a read lock to a write lock. */

#ifndef __CYGWIN__
            debug(format("acquiring read lock on `%1%'") % fnTempRoots);
            lockFile(fdTempRoots, ltRead, true);

            /* Check whether the garbage collector didn't get in our
               way. */
            struct stat st;
            if (fstat(fdTempRoots, &st) == -1)
                throw SysError(format("statting `%1%'") % fnTempRoots);
            if (st.st_size == 0) break;
            
            /* The garbage collector deleted this file before we could
               get a lock.  (It won't delete the file after we get a
               lock.)  Try again. */

#else
            break;
#endif
        }

    }

    /* Upgrade the lock to a write lock.  This will cause us to block
       if the garbage collector is holding our lock. */
    debug(format("acquiring write lock on `%1%'") % fnTempRoots);
    lockFile(fdTempRoots, ltWrite, true);

    string s = path + '\0';
    writeFull(fdTempRoots, (const unsigned char *) s.c_str(), s.size());

#ifndef __CYGWIN__
    /* Downgrade to a read lock. */
    debug(format("downgrading to read lock on `%1%'") % fnTempRoots);
    lockFile(fdTempRoots, ltRead, true);
#else
    debug(format("releasing write lock on `%1%'") % fnTempRoots);
    lockFile(fdTempRoots, ltNone, true);
#endif
}


void removeTempRoots()
{
    if (fdTempRoots != -1) {
        fdTempRoots.close();
        unlink(fnTempRoots.c_str());
    }
}


typedef boost::shared_ptr<AutoCloseFD> FDPtr;
typedef list<FDPtr> FDs;


static void readTempRoots(PathSet & tempRoots, FDs & fds)
{
    /* Read the `temproots' directory for per-process temporary root
       files. */
    Strings tempRootFiles = readDirectory(
        (format("%1%/%2%") % nixStateDir % tempRootsDir).str());

    for (Strings::iterator i = tempRootFiles.begin();
         i != tempRootFiles.end(); ++i)
    {
        Path path = (format("%1%/%2%/%3%") % nixStateDir % tempRootsDir % *i).str();

        debug(format("reading temporary root file `%1%'") % path);

#ifdef __CYGWIN__
	/* On Cygwin we just try to delete the lock file. */
	char win32Path[MAX_PATH];
	cygwin_conv_to_full_win32_path(path.c_str(), win32Path);
	if (DeleteFile(win32Path)) {
            printMsg(lvlError, format("removed stale temporary roots file `%1%'")
                % path);
            continue;
        } else
            debug(format("delete of `%1%' failed: %2%") % path % GetLastError());
#endif

        FDPtr fd(new AutoCloseFD(open(path.c_str(), O_RDWR, 0666)));
        if (*fd == -1) {
            /* It's okay if the file has disappeared. */
            if (errno == ENOENT) continue;
            throw SysError(format("opening temporary roots file `%1%'") % path);
        }

        /* This should work, but doesn't, for some reason. */
        //FDPtr fd(new AutoCloseFD(openLockFile(path, false)));
        //if (*fd == -1) continue;

#ifndef __CYGWIN__
        /* Try to acquire a write lock without blocking.  This can
           only succeed if the owning process has died.  In that case
           we don't care about its temporary roots. */
        if (lockFile(*fd, ltWrite, false)) {
            printMsg(lvlError, format("removing stale temporary roots file `%1%'")
                % path);
            unlink(path.c_str());
            writeFull(*fd, (const unsigned char *) "d", 1);
            continue;
        }
#endif

        /* Acquire a read lock.  This will prevent the owning process
           from upgrading to a write lock, therefore it will block in
           addTempRoot(). */
        debug(format("waiting for read lock on `%1%'") % path);
        lockFile(*fd, ltRead, true);

        /* Read the entire file. */
        string contents = readFile(*fd);

        /* Extract the roots. */
        string::size_type pos = 0, end;

        while ((end = contents.find((char) 0, pos)) != string::npos) {
            Path root(contents, pos, end - pos);
            debug(format("got temporary root `%1%'") % root);
            assertStorePath(root);
            tempRoots.insert(root);
            pos = end + 1;
        }

        fds.push_back(fd); /* keep open */
    }
}


static void findRoots(const Path & path, bool recurseSymlinks,
    PathSet & roots)
{
    struct stat st;
    if (lstat(path.c_str(), &st) == -1)
        throw SysError(format("statting `%1%'") % path);

    printMsg(lvlVomit, format("looking at `%1%'") % path);

    if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
	Strings names = readDirectory(path);
	for (Strings::iterator i = names.begin(); i != names.end(); ++i)
            findRoots(path + "/" + *i, recurseSymlinks, roots);
    }

    else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
        string target = readLink(path);
        Path target2 = absPath(target, dirOf(path));

        if (isInStore(target2)) {
            debug(format("found root `%1%' in `%2%'")
                % target2 % path);
            Path target3 = toStorePath(target2);
            if (isValidPath(target3)) 
                roots.insert(target3);
            else
                printMsg(lvlInfo, format("skipping invalid root from `%1%' to `%2%'")
                    % path % target3);
        }

        else if (recurseSymlinks) {
            if (pathExists(target2))
                findRoots(target2, false, roots);
            else {
                printMsg(lvlInfo, format("removing stale link from `%1%' to `%2%'") % path % target2);
                /* Note that we only delete when recursing, i.e., when
                   we are still in the `gcroots' tree.  We never
                   delete stuff outside that tree. */
                unlink(path.c_str());
            }
        }
    }
}


static void addAdditionalRoots(PathSet & roots)
{
    Path rootFinder = getEnv("NIX_ROOT_FINDER",
        nixLibexecDir + "/nix/find-runtime-roots.pl");

    if (rootFinder.empty()) return;
    
    debug(format("executing `%1%' to find additional roots") % rootFinder);

    string result = runProgram(rootFinder);

    Strings paths = tokenizeString(result, "\n");
    
    for (Strings::iterator i = paths.begin(); i != paths.end(); ++i) {
        if (isInStore(*i)) {
            Path path = toStorePath(*i);
            if (roots.find(path) == roots.end() && isValidPath(path)) {
                debug(format("found additional root `%1%'") % path);
                roots.insert(path);
            }
        }
    }
}


static void dfsVisit(const PathSet & paths, const Path & path,
    PathSet & visited, Paths & sorted)
{
    if (visited.find(path) != visited.end()) return;
    visited.insert(path);
    
    PathSet references;
    if (isValidPath(path))
        queryReferences(noTxn, path, references);
    
    for (PathSet::iterator i = references.begin();
         i != references.end(); ++i)
        /* Don't traverse into paths that don't exist.  That can
           happen due to substitutes for non-existent paths. */
        if (*i != path && paths.find(*i) != paths.end())
            dfsVisit(paths, *i, visited, sorted);

    sorted.push_front(path);
}


static Paths topoSort(const PathSet & paths)
{
    Paths sorted;
    PathSet visited;
    for (PathSet::const_iterator i = paths.begin(); i != paths.end(); ++i)
        dfsVisit(paths, *i, visited, sorted);
    return sorted;
}


void collectGarbage(GCAction action, const PathSet & pathsToDelete,
    bool ignoreLiveness, PathSet & result, unsigned long long & bytesFreed)
{
    result.clear();
    bytesFreed = 0;

    bool gcKeepOutputs =
        queryBoolSetting("gc-keep-outputs", false);
    bool gcKeepDerivations =
        queryBoolSetting("gc-keep-derivations", true);

    /* Acquire the global GC root.  This prevents
       a) New roots from being added.
       b) Processes from creating new temporary root files. */
    AutoCloseFD fdGCLock = openGCLock(ltWrite);

    /* Find the roots.  Since we've grabbed the GC lock, the set of
       permanent roots cannot increase now. */
    Path rootsDir = canonPath((format("%1%/%2%") % nixStateDir % gcRootsDir).str());
    PathSet roots;
    if (!ignoreLiveness)
        findRoots(rootsDir, true, roots);

    /* Add additional roots returned by the program specified by the
       NIX_ROOT_FINDER environment variable.  This is typically used
       to add running programs to the set of roots (to prevent them
       from being garbage collected). */
    addAdditionalRoots(roots);

    if (action == gcReturnRoots) {
        result = roots;
        return;
    }

    /* Determine the live paths which is just the closure of the
       roots under the `references' relation. */
    PathSet livePaths;
    for (PathSet::const_iterator i = roots.begin(); i != roots.end(); ++i)
        computeFSClosure(canonPath(*i), livePaths);

    if (gcKeepDerivations) {
        for (PathSet::iterator i = livePaths.begin();
             i != livePaths.end(); ++i)
        {
            /* Note that the deriver need not be valid (e.g., if we
               previously ran the collector with `gcKeepDerivations'
               turned off). */
            Path deriver = queryDeriver(noTxn, *i);
            if (deriver != "" && isValidPath(deriver))
                computeFSClosure(deriver, livePaths);
        }
    }

    if (gcKeepOutputs) {
        /* Hmz, identical to storePathRequisites in nix-store. */
        for (PathSet::iterator i = livePaths.begin();
             i != livePaths.end(); ++i)
            if (isDerivation(*i)) {
                Derivation drv = derivationFromPath(*i);
                for (DerivationOutputs::iterator j = drv.outputs.begin();
                     j != drv.outputs.end(); ++j)
                    if (isValidPath(j->second.path))
                        computeFSClosure(j->second.path, livePaths);
            }
    }

    if (action == gcReturnLive) {
        result = livePaths;
        return;
    }

    /* Read the temporary roots.  This acquires read locks on all
       per-process temporary root files.  So after this point no paths
       can be added to the set of temporary roots. */
    PathSet tempRoots;
    FDs fds;
    readTempRoots(tempRoots, fds);

    /* Close the temporary roots.  Note that we *cannot* do this in
       readTempRoots(), because there we may not have all locks yet,
       meaning that an invalid path can become valid (and thus add to
       the references graph) after we have added it to the closure
       (and computeFSClosure() assumes that the presence of a path
       means that it has already been closed). */
    PathSet tempRootsClosed;
    for (PathSet::iterator i = tempRoots.begin(); i != tempRoots.end(); ++i)
        if (isValidPath(*i))
            computeFSClosure(*i, tempRootsClosed);
        else
            tempRootsClosed.insert(*i);

    /* For testing - see tests/gc-concurrent.sh. */
    if (getenv("NIX_DEBUG_GC_WAIT"))
        sleep(2);
    
    /* After this point the set of roots or temporary roots cannot
       increase, since we hold locks on everything.  So everything
       that is not currently in in `livePaths' or `tempRootsClosed'
       can be deleted. */
    
    /* Read the Nix store directory to find all currently existing
       paths. */
    PathSet storePathSet;
    if (action != gcDeleteSpecific) {
        Paths entries = readDirectory(nixStore);
        for (Paths::iterator i = entries.begin(); i != entries.end(); ++i)
            storePathSet.insert(canonPath(nixStore + "/" + *i));
    } else {
        for (PathSet::iterator i = pathsToDelete.begin();
             i != pathsToDelete.end(); ++i)
        {
            assertStorePath(*i);
            storePathSet.insert(*i);
        }
    }

    /* Topologically sort them under the `referrers' relation.  That
       is, a < b iff a is in referrers(b).  This gives us the order in
       which things can be deleted safely. */
    /* !!! when we have multiple output paths per derivation, this
       will not work anymore because we get cycles. */
    Paths storePaths = topoSort(storePathSet);

    /* Try to delete store paths in the topologically sorted order. */
    for (Paths::iterator i = storePaths.begin(); i != storePaths.end(); ++i) {

        debug(format("considering deletion of `%1%'") % *i);
        
        if (livePaths.find(*i) != livePaths.end()) {
            if (action == gcDeleteSpecific)
                throw Error(format("cannot delete path `%1%' since it is still alive") % *i);
            debug(format("live path `%1%'") % *i);
            continue;
        }

        if (tempRootsClosed.find(*i) != tempRootsClosed.end()) {
            debug(format("temporary root `%1%'") % *i);
            continue;
        }

        debug(format("dead path `%1%'") % *i);
        result.insert(*i);

        /* If just returning the set of dead paths, we also return the
           space that would be freed if we deleted them. */
        if (action == gcReturnDead)
            bytesFreed += computePathSize(*i);

        if (action == gcDeleteDead || action == gcDeleteSpecific) {

#ifndef __CYGWIN__
            AutoCloseFD fdLock;

            /* Only delete a lock file if we can acquire a write lock
               on it.  That means that it's either stale, or the
               process that created it hasn't locked it yet.  In the
               latter case the other process will detect that we
               deleted the lock, and retry (see pathlocks.cc). */
            if (i->size() >= 5 && string(*i, i->size() - 5) == ".lock") {
                fdLock = openLockFile(*i, false);
                if (fdLock != -1 && !lockFile(fdLock, ltWrite, false)) {
                    debug(format("skipping active lock `%1%'") % *i);
                    continue;
                }
            }
#endif

            printMsg(lvlInfo, format("deleting `%1%'") % *i);
            
            /* Okay, it's safe to delete. */
            unsigned long long freed;
            deleteFromStore(*i, freed);
            bytesFreed += freed;

#ifndef __CYGWIN__
            if (fdLock != -1)
                /* Write token to stale (deleted) lock file. */
                writeFull(fdLock, (const unsigned char *) "d", 1);
#endif
        }
    }
}

 
}