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<appendix><title>Glossary</title>
<glosslist>
<glossentry id="gloss-derivation"><glossterm>derivation</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>A description of a build action. The result of a
derivation is a store object. Derivations are typically specified
in Nix expressions using the <link
linkend="ssec-derivation"><function>derivation</function>
primitive</link>. These are translated into low-level
<emphasis>store derivations</emphasis> (implicitly by
<command>nix-env</command> and <command>nix-build</command>, or
explicitly by <command>nix-instantiate</command>).</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry><glossterm>store</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>The location in the file system where store objects
live. Typically <filename>/nix/store</filename>.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry><glossterm>store path</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>The location in the file system of a store object,
i.e., an immediate child of the Nix store
directory.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry><glossterm>store object</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>A file that is an immediate child of the Nix store
directory. These can be regular files, but also entire directory
trees. Store objects can be sources (objects copied from outside of
the store), derivation outputs (objects produced by running a build
action), or derivations (files describing a build
action).</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry id="gloss-substitute"><glossterm>substitute</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>A substitute is a command invocation stored in the
Nix database that describes how to build a store object, bypassing
normal the build mechanism (i.e., derivations). Typically, the
substitute builds the store object by downloading a pre-built
version of the store object from some server.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry><glossterm>purity</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>The assumption that equal Nix derivations when run
always produce the same output. This cannot be guaranteed in
general (e.g., a builder can rely on external inputs such as the
network or the system time) but the Nix model assumes
it.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry><glossterm>Nix expression</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>A high-level description of software components and
compositions thereof. Deploying software using Nix entails writing
Nix expressions for your components. Nix expressions are translated
to derivations that are stored in the Nix store. These derivations
can then be built.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry id="gloss-reference"><glossterm>reference</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>A store path <varname>P</varname> is said to have a
reference to a store path <varname>Q</varname> if the store object
at <varname>P</varname> contains the path <varname>Q</varname>
somewhere. This implies than an execution involving
<varname>P</varname> potentially needs <varname>Q</varname> to be
present. The <emphasis>references</emphasis> of a store path are
the set of store paths to which it has a reference.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry id="gloss-closure"><glossterm>closure</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>The closure of a store path is the set of store
paths that are directly or indirectly “reachable” from that store
path; that is, it’s the closure of the path under the <link
linkend="gloss-reference">references</link> relation. For instance,
if the store object at path <varname>P</varname> contains a
reference to path <varname>Q</varname>, then <varname>Q</varname> is
in the closure of <varname>P</varname>. For correct deployment it
is necessary to deploy whole closures, since otherwise at runtime
files could be missing. The command <command>nix-store
-qR</command> prints out closures of store paths.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry id="gloss-output-path"><glossterm>output path</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>A store path produced by a derivation.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry id="gloss-deriver"><glossterm>deriver</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>The deriver of an <link
linkend="gloss-output-path">output path</link> is the store
derivation that built it.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
<glossentry id="gloss-validity"><glossterm>validity</glossterm>
<glossdef><para>A store path is considered
<emphasis>valid</emphasis> if it exists in the file system, is
listed in the Nix database as being valid, and if all paths in its
closure are also valid.</para></glossdef>
</glossentry>
</glosslist>
</appendix>
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