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diff --git a/tools/nixery/popcount/README.md b/tools/nixery/popcount/README.md
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+popcount
+========
+
+This script is used to count the popularity for each package in `nixpkgs`, by
+determining how many other packages depend on it.
+
+It skips over all packages that fail to build, are not cached or are unfree -
+but these omissions do not meaningfully affect the statistics.
+
+It currently does not evaluate nested attribute sets (such as
+`haskellPackages`).
+
+## Usage
+
+1. Generate a list of all top-level attributes in `nixpkgs`:
+
+   ```shell
+   nix eval '(with builtins; toJSON (attrNames (import <nixpkgs> {})))' | jq -r | jq > all-top-level.json
+   ```
+
+2. Run `./popcount > all-runtime-deps.txt`
+
+3. Collect and count the results with the following magic incantation:
+
+   ```shell
+   cat all-runtime-deps.txt \
+     | sed -r 's|/nix/store/[a-z0-9]+-||g' \
+     | sort \
+     | uniq -c \
+     | sort -n -r \
+     | awk '{ print "{\"" $2 "\":" $1 "}"}' \
+     | jq -c -s '. | add | with_entries(select(.value > 1))' \
+     > your-output-file
+   ```
+
+   In essence, this will trim Nix's store paths and hashes from the output,
+   count the occurences of each package and return the output as JSON. All
+   packages that have no references other than themselves are removed from the
+   output.
diff --git a/tools/nixery/popcount/empty.json b/tools/nixery/popcount/empty.json
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+[]
diff --git a/tools/nixery/popcount/popcount b/tools/nixery/popcount/popcount
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+#!/bin/bash
+set -ueo pipefail
+
+function graphsFor() {
+  local pkg="${1}"
+  local graphs=$(nix-build --timeout 2 --argstr target "${pkg}" popcount.nix || echo -n 'empty.json')
+  cat $graphs | jq -r -cM '.[] | .references[]'
+}
+
+for pkg in $(cat all-top-level.json | jq -r '.[]'); do
+  graphsFor "${pkg}" 2>/dev/null
+  echo "Printed refs for ${pkg}" >&2
+done
diff --git a/tools/nixery/popcount/popcount.nix b/tools/nixery/popcount/popcount.nix
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+# Copyright 2019 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# This script, given a target attribute in `nixpkgs`, builds the
+# target derivations' runtime closure and returns its reference graph.
+#
+# This is invoked by popcount.sh for each package in nixpkgs to
+# collect all package references, so that package popularity can be
+# tracked.
+#
+# Check out build-image/group-layers.go for an in-depth explanation of
+# what the popularity counts are used for.
+
+{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> { config.allowUnfree = false; }, target }:
+
+let
+  inherit (pkgs) coreutils runCommand writeText;
+  inherit (builtins) readFile toFile fromJSON toJSON listToAttrs;
+
+  # graphJSON abuses feature in Nix that makes structured runtime
+  # closure information available to builders. This data is imported
+  # back via IFD to process it for layering data.
+  graphJSON = path:
+    runCommand "build-graph" {
+      __structuredAttrs = true;
+      exportReferencesGraph.graph = path;
+      PATH = "${coreutils}/bin";
+      builder = toFile "builder" ''
+        . .attrs.sh
+        cat .attrs.json > ''${outputs[out]}
+      '';
+    } "";
+
+  buildClosures = paths: (fromJSON (readFile (graphJSON paths)));
+
+  buildGraph = paths:
+    listToAttrs (map (c: {
+      name = c.path;
+      value = { inherit (c) closureSize references; };
+    }) (buildClosures paths));
+in writeText "${target}-graph"
+(toJSON (buildClosures [ pkgs."${target}" ]).graph)