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diff --git a/third_party/go/git-appraise/docs/tutorial.md b/third_party/go/git-appraise/docs/tutorial.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..6f95bb7e2ff5 --- /dev/null +++ b/third_party/go/git-appraise/docs/tutorial.md @@ -0,0 +1,404 @@ +# Getting started with git-appraise + +This file gives an example code-review workflow using git-appraise. It starts +with cloning a repository and goes all the way through to browsing +your submitted commits. + +The git-appraise tool is largely agnostic of what workflow you use, so feel +free to change things to your liking, but this particular workflow should help +you get started. + +## Cloning your repository + +Since you're using a code review tool, we'll assume that you have a URL that +you can push to and pull from in order to collaborate with the rest of your team. + +First we'll create our local clone of the repository: +```shell +git clone ${URL} example-repo +cd example-repo +``` + +If you are starting from an empty repository, then it's a good practice to add a +README file explaining the purpose of the repository: + +```shell +echo '# Example Repository' > README.md +git add README.md +git commit -m 'Added a README file to the repo' +git push +``` + +## Creating our first review + +Generally, reviews in git-appraise are used to decide if the code in one branch +(called the "source") is ready to merge into another branch (called the +"target"). The meaning of each branch and the policies around merging into a +branch vary from team to team, but for this example we'll use a simple practice +called [GitHub Flow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/). + +Specifically, we'll create a new branch for a particular feature, review the +changes to that branch against our master branch, and then delete the feature +branch once we are done. + +### Creating our change + +Create the feature branch: +```shell +git checkout -b ${USER}/getting-started +git push --set-upstream origin ${USER}/getting-started +``` + +... And make some changes to it: +```shell +echo "This is an example repository used for coming up to speed" >> README.md +git commit -a -m "Added an explanation to the README file" +git push +``` + +### Requesting the review + +Up to this point we've only used the regular commands that come with git. Now, +we will use git-appraise to perform a review: + +Request a review: +```shell +git appraise request +``` + +The output of this will be a summary of the newly requested review: +``` +Review requested: +Commit: 1e6eb14c8014593843c5b5f29377585e4ed55304 +Target Ref: refs/heads/master +Review Ref: refs/heads/ojarjur/getting-started +Message: "Added an explanation to the README file" +``` + +Show the details of the current review: +```shell +git appraise show +``` + +``` +[pending] 1e6eb14c8014 + Added an explanation to the README file + "refs/heads/ojarjur/getting-started" -> "refs/heads/master" + reviewers: "" + requester: "ojarjur@google.com" + build status: unknown + analyses: No analyses available + comments (0 threads): +``` + +Show the changes included in the review: +```shell +git appraise show --diff +``` + +``` +diff --git a/README.md b/README.md +index 08fde78..85c4208 100644 +--- a/README.md ++++ b/README.md +@@ -1 +1,2 @@ + # Example Repository ++This is an example repository used for coming up to speed +``` + +### Sending our updates to the remote repository + +Before a teammate can review our change, we have to make it available to them. +This involves pushing both our commits, and our code review data to the remote +repository: +```shell +git push +git appraise pull +git appraise push +``` + +The command `git appraise pull` is used to make sure that our local code review +data includes everything from the remote repo before we try to push our changes +back to it. If you forget to run this command, then the subsequent call to +`git appraise push` might fail with a message that the push was rejected. If +that happens, simply run `git appraise pull` and try again. + +## Reviewing the change + +Your teammates can review your changes using the same tool. + +Fetch the current data from the remote repository: +```shell +git fetch origin +git appraise pull +``` + +List the open reviews: +```shell +git appraise list +``` + +The output of this command will be a list of entries formatted like this: +``` +Loaded 1 open reviews: +[pending] 1e6eb14c8014 + Added an explanation to the README file +``` + +The text within the square brackets is the status of a review, and for open +reviews will be one of "pending", "accepted", or "rejected". The text which +follows the status is the hash of the first commit in the review. This is +used to uniquely identify reviews, and most git-appraise commands will accept +this hash as an argument in order to select the review to handle. + +For instance, we can see the details of a specific review using the "show" +subcommand: +```shell +git appraise show 1e6eb14c8014 +``` + +``` +[pending] 1e6eb14c8014 + Added an explanation to the README file + "refs/heads/ojarjur/getting-started" -> "refs/heads/master" + reviewers: "" + requester: "ojarjur@google.com" + build status: unknown + analyses: No analyses available + comments (0 threads): +``` + +... or, we can see the diff of the changes under review: +```shell +git appraise show --diff 1e6eb14c8014 +``` + +``` +diff --git a/README.md b/README.md +index 08fde78..85c4208 100644 +--- a/README.md ++++ b/README.md +@@ -1 +1,2 @@ + # Example Repository ++This is an example repository used for coming up to speed +``` + +Comments can be added either for the entire review, or on individual lines: +```shell +git appraise comment -f README.md -l 2 -m "Ah, so that's what this is" 1e6eb14c8014 +``` + +These comments then show up in the output of `git appraise show`: +```shell +git appraise show 1e6eb14c8014 +``` + +``` +[pending] 1e6eb14c8014 + Added an explanation to the README file + "refs/heads/ojarjur/getting-started" -> "refs/heads/master" + reviewers: "" + requester: "ojarjur@google.com" + build status: unknown + analyses: No analyses available + comments (1 threads): + "README.md"@1e6eb14c8014 + |# Example Repository + |This is an example repository used for coming up to speed + comment: bd4c11ecafd443c9d1dde6035e89804160cd7487 + author: ojarjur@google.com + time: Fri Dec 18 10:58:54 PST 2015 + status: fyi + Ah, so that's what this is +``` + +Comments initially only exist in your local repository, so to share them +with the rest of your team you have to push your review changes back: + +```shell +git appraise pull +git appraise push +``` + +When the change is ready to be merged, you indicate that by accepting the +review: + +```shell +git appraise accept 1e6eb14c8014 +git appraise pull +git appraise push +``` + +The updated status of the review will be visible in the output of "show": +```shell +git appraise show 1e6eb14c8014 +``` + +``` +[accepted] 1e6eb14c8014 + Added an explanation to the README file + "refs/heads/ojarjur/getting-started" -> "refs/heads/master" + reviewers: "" + requester: "ojarjur@google.com" + build status: unknown + analyses: No analyses available + comments (2 threads): + "README.md"@1e6eb14c8014 + |# Example Repository + |This is an example repository used for coming up to speed + comment: bd4c11ecafd443c9d1dde6035e89804160cd7487 + author: ojarjur@google.com + time: Fri Dec 18 10:58:54 PST 2015 + status: fyi + Ah, so that's what this is + comment: 4034c60e6ed6f24b01e9a581087d1ab86d376b81 + author: ojarjur@google.com + time: Fri Dec 18 11:02:45 PST 2015 + status: fyi +``` + +## Submitting the change + +Once a review has been accepted, you can merge it with the tool: + +```shell +git appraise submit --merge 1e6eb14c8014 +git push +``` + +The submit command will pop up a text editor where you can edit the default +merge message. That message will be used to create a new commit that is a +merge of the previous commit on the master branch, and the history of all +of your changes to the review. You can see what this looks like using +the `git log --graph` command: + +``` +* commit 3a4d1b8cd264b921c858185f2c36aac283b45e49 +|\ Merge: b404fa3 1e6eb14 +| | Author: Omar Jarjur <ojarjur@google.com> +| | Date: Fri Dec 18 11:06:24 2015 -0800 +| | +| | Submitting review 1e6eb14c8014 +| | +| | Added an explanation to the README file +| | +| * commit 1e6eb14c8014593843c5b5f29377585e4ed55304 +|/ Author: Omar Jarjur <ojarjur@google.com> +| Date: Fri Dec 18 10:49:56 2015 -0800 +| +| Added an explanation to the README file +| +* commit b404fa39ae98950d95ab06012191f58507e51d12 + Author: Omar Jarjur <ojarjur@google.com> + Date: Fri Dec 18 10:48:06 2015 -0800 + + Added a README file to the repo +``` + +This is sometimes called a "merge bubble". When the review is simply accepted +as is, these do not add much value. However, reviews often go through several +rounds of changes before they are accepted. By using these merge commits, we +can preserve both the full history of individual reviews, and the high-level +(review-based) history of the repository. + +This can be seen with the history of git-appraise itself. We can see the high +level review history using `git log --first-parent`: + +``` +commit 83c4d770cfde25c943de161c0cac54d714b7de38 +Merge: 9a607b8 931d1b4 +Author: Omar Jarjur <ojarjur@google.com> +Date: Fri Dec 18 09:46:10 2015 -0800 + + Submitting review 8cb887077783 + + Fix a bug where requesting a review would fail with an erroneous message. + + We were figuring out the set of commits to include in a review by + listing the commits between the head of the target ref and the head of + the source ref. However, this only works if the source ref is a + fast-forward of the target ref. + + This commit changes it so that we use the merge-base of the target and + source refs as the starting point instead of the target ref. + +commit 9a607b8529d7483e5b323303c73da05843ff3ca9 +Author: Harry Lawrence <hazbo@gmx.com> +Date: Fri Dec 18 10:24:00 2015 +0000 + + Added links to Eclipse and Jenkins plugins + + As suggested in #11 + +commit 8876cfff2ed848d50cb559c05d44e11b95ca791c +Merge: 00c0e82 1436c83 +Author: Omar Jarjur <ojarjur@google.com> +Date: Thu Dec 17 12:46:32 2015 -0800 + + Submitting review 09aecba64027 + + Force default git editor when omitting -m + For review comments, the absence of the -m flag will now attempt to load the + user's default git editor. + + i.e. git appraise comment c0a643ff39dd + + An initial draft as discussed in #8 + + I'm still not sure whether or not the file that is saved is in the most appropriate place or not. I like the idea of it being relative to the project although it could have gone in `/tmp` I suppose. + +commit 00c0e827e5b86fb9d200f474d4f65f43677cbc6c +Merge: 31209ce 41fde0b +Author: Omar Jarjur <ojarjur@google.com> +Date: Wed Dec 16 17:10:06 2015 -0800 + + Submitting review 2c9bff89f0f8 + + Improve the error messages returned when a git command fails. + + Previously, we were simply cascading the error returned by the instance + of exec.Command. However, that winds up just being something of the form + "exit status 128", with all of the real error message going to the + Stderr field. + + As such, this commit changes the behavior to save the data written to + stderr, and use it to construct a new error to return. + +... +``` + +Here you see a linear view of the reviews that have been submitted, but if we +run the command `git log --oneline --graph`, then we can see that the full +history of each individual review is also available: + +``` +* 83c4d77 Submitting review 8cb887077783 +|\ +| * 931d1b4 Merge branch 'master' into ojarjur/fix-request-bug +| |\ +| |/ +|/| +* | 9a607b8 Added links to Eclipse and Jenkins plugins +| * c7be567 Merge branch 'master' into ojarjur/fix-request-bug +| |\ +| |/ +|/| +* | 8876cff Submitting review 09aecba64027 +|\ \ +| * | 1436c83 Using git var GIT_EDITOR rather than git config +| * | 09aecba Force default git editor when omitting -m +|/ / +| * 8cb8870 Fix a bug where requesting a review would fail with an erroneous message. +|/ +* 00c0e82 Submitting review 2c9bff89f0f8 +... +``` + +## Cleaning up + +Now that our feature branch has been merged into master, we can delete it: + +```shell +git branch -d ${USER}/getting-started +git push origin --delete ${USER}/getting-started +``` |