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+;;; exwm-randr.el --- RandR Module for EXWM  -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2015-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; Author: Chris Feng <chris.w.feng@gmail.com>
+
+;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+;; (at your option) any later version.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;; GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+;;; Commentary:
+
+;; This module adds RandR support for EXWM.  Currently it requires external
+;; tools such as xrandr(1) to properly configure RandR first.  This
+;; dependency may be removed in the future, but more work is needed before
+;; that.
+
+;; To use this module, load, enable it and configure
+;; `exwm-randr-workspace-monitor-plist' and `exwm-randr-screen-change-hook'
+;; as follows:
+;;
+;;   (require 'exwm-randr)
+;;   (setq exwm-randr-workspace-monitor-plist '(0 "VGA1"))
+;;   (add-hook 'exwm-randr-screen-change-hook
+;;             (lambda ()
+;;               (start-process-shell-command
+;;                "xrandr" nil "xrandr --output VGA1 --left-of LVDS1 --auto")))
+;;   (exwm-randr-enable)
+;;
+;; With above lines, workspace 0 should be assigned to the output named "VGA1",
+;; staying at the left of other workspaces on the output "LVDS1".  Please refer
+;; to xrandr(1) for the configuration of RandR.
+
+;; References:
+;; + RandR (http://www.x.org/archive/X11R7.7/doc/randrproto/randrproto.txt)
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'xcb-randr)
+
+(require 'exwm-core)
+(require 'exwm-workspace)
+
+(declare-function x-get-atom-name "C source code" (VALUE &optional FRAME))
+
+(defgroup exwm-randr nil
+  "RandR."
+  :version "25.3"
+  :group 'exwm)
+
+(defcustom exwm-randr-refresh-hook nil
+  "Normal hook run when the RandR module just refreshed."
+  :type 'hook)
+
+(defcustom exwm-randr-screen-change-hook nil
+  "Normal hook run when screen changes."
+  :type 'hook)
+
+(defcustom exwm-randr-workspace-monitor-plist nil
+  "Plist mapping workspaces to monitors.
+
+In RandR 1.5 a monitor is a rectangle region decoupled from the physical
+size of screens, and can be identified with `xrandr --listmonitors' (name of
+the primary monitor is prefixed with an `*').  When no monitor is created it
+automatically fallback to RandR 1.2 output which represents the physical
+screen size.  RandR 1.5 monitors can be created with `xrandr --setmonitor'.
+For example, to split an output (`LVDS-1') of size 1280x800 into two
+side-by-side monitors one could invoke (the digits after `/' are size in mm)
+
+    xrandr --setmonitor *LVDS-1-L 640/135x800/163+0+0 LVDS-1
+    xrandr --setmonitor LVDS-1-R 640/135x800/163+640+0 none
+
+If a monitor is not active, the workspaces mapped to it are displayed on the
+primary monitor until it becomes active (if ever).  Unspecified workspaces
+are all mapped to the primary monitor.  For example, with the following
+setting workspace other than 1 and 3 would always be displayed on the
+primary monitor where workspace 1 and 3 would be displayed on their
+corresponding monitors whenever the monitors are active.
+
+  \\='(1 \"HDMI-1\" 3 \"DP-1\")"
+  :type '(plist :key-type integer :value-type string))
+
+(with-no-warnings
+  (define-obsolete-variable-alias 'exwm-randr-workspace-output-plist
+    'exwm-randr-workspace-monitor-plist "27.1"))
+
+(defvar exwm-randr--last-timestamp 0 "Used for debouncing events.")
+
+(defvar exwm-randr--prev-screen-change-seqnum nil
+  "The most recent ScreenChangeNotify sequence number.")
+
+(defvar exwm-randr--compatibility-mode nil
+  "Non-nil when the server does not support RandR 1.5 protocol.")
+
+(defun exwm-randr--get-monitors ()
+  "Get RandR 1.5 monitors."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (let (monitor-name geometry monitor-geometry-alist primary-monitor)
+    (with-slots (timestamp monitors)
+        (xcb:+request-unchecked+reply exwm--connection
+            (make-instance 'xcb:randr:GetMonitors
+                           :window exwm--root
+                           :get-active 1))
+      (when (> timestamp exwm-randr--last-timestamp)
+        (setq exwm-randr--last-timestamp timestamp))
+      (dolist (monitor monitors)
+        (with-slots (name primary x y width height) monitor
+          (setq monitor-name (x-get-atom-name name)
+                geometry (make-instance 'xcb:RECTANGLE
+                                        :x x
+                                        :y y
+                                        :width width
+                                        :height height)
+                monitor-geometry-alist (cons (cons monitor-name geometry)
+                                             monitor-geometry-alist))
+          (exwm--log "%s: %sx%s+%s+%s" monitor-name x y width height)
+          ;; Save primary monitor when available (fallback to the first one).
+          (when (or (/= 0 primary)
+                    (not primary-monitor))
+            (setq primary-monitor monitor-name)))))
+    (exwm--log "Primary monitor: %s" primary-monitor)
+    (list primary-monitor monitor-geometry-alist
+          (exwm-randr--get-monitor-alias primary-monitor
+                                         monitor-geometry-alist))))
+
+(defun exwm-randr--get-outputs ()
+  "Get RandR 1.2 outputs.
+
+Only used when RandR 1.5 is not supported by the server."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (let (output-name geometry output-geometry-alist primary-output)
+    (with-slots (config-timestamp outputs)
+        (xcb:+request-unchecked+reply exwm--connection
+            (make-instance 'xcb:randr:GetScreenResourcesCurrent
+                           :window exwm--root))
+      (when (> config-timestamp exwm-randr--last-timestamp)
+        (setq exwm-randr--last-timestamp config-timestamp))
+      (dolist (output outputs)
+        (with-slots (crtc connection name)
+            (xcb:+request-unchecked+reply exwm--connection
+                (make-instance 'xcb:randr:GetOutputInfo
+                               :output output
+                               :config-timestamp config-timestamp))
+          (when (and (= connection xcb:randr:Connection:Connected)
+                     (/= crtc 0))
+            (with-slots (x y width height)
+                (xcb:+request-unchecked+reply exwm--connection
+                    (make-instance 'xcb:randr:GetCrtcInfo
+                                   :crtc crtc
+                                   :config-timestamp config-timestamp))
+              (setq output-name (decode-coding-string
+                                 (apply #'unibyte-string name) 'utf-8)
+                    geometry (make-instance 'xcb:RECTANGLE
+                                            :x x
+                                            :y y
+                                            :width width
+                                            :height height)
+                    output-geometry-alist (cons (cons output-name geometry)
+                                                output-geometry-alist))
+              (exwm--log "%s: %sx%s+%s+%s" output-name x y width height)
+              ;; The primary output is the first one.
+              (unless primary-output
+                (setq primary-output output-name)))))))
+    (exwm--log "Primary output: %s" primary-output)
+    (list primary-output output-geometry-alist
+          (exwm-randr--get-monitor-alias primary-output
+                                         output-geometry-alist))))
+
+(defun exwm-randr--get-monitor-alias (primary-monitor monitor-geometry-alist)
+  "Generate monitor aliases using PRIMARY-MONITOR MONITOR-GEOMETRY-ALIST.
+
+In a mirroring setup some monitors overlap and should be treated as one."
+  (let (monitor-position-alist monitor-alias-alist monitor-name geometry)
+    (setq monitor-position-alist (with-slots (x y)
+                                     (cdr (assoc primary-monitor
+                                                 monitor-geometry-alist))
+                                   (list (cons primary-monitor (vector x y)))))
+    (setq monitor-alias-alist (list (cons primary-monitor primary-monitor)))
+    (dolist (pair monitor-geometry-alist)
+      (setq monitor-name (car pair)
+            geometry (cdr pair))
+      (unless (assoc monitor-name monitor-alias-alist)
+        (let* ((position (vector (slot-value geometry 'x)
+                                 (slot-value geometry 'y)))
+               (alias (car (rassoc position monitor-position-alist))))
+          (if alias
+              (setq monitor-alias-alist (cons (cons monitor-name alias)
+                                              monitor-alias-alist))
+            (setq monitor-position-alist (cons (cons monitor-name position)
+                                               monitor-position-alist)
+                  monitor-alias-alist (cons (cons monitor-name monitor-name)
+                                            monitor-alias-alist))))))
+    monitor-alias-alist))
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defun exwm-randr-refresh ()
+  "Refresh workspaces according to the updated RandR info."
+  (interactive)
+  (exwm--log)
+  (let* ((result (if exwm-randr--compatibility-mode
+                     (exwm-randr--get-outputs)
+                   (exwm-randr--get-monitors)))
+         (primary-monitor (elt result 0))
+         (monitor-geometry-alist (elt result 1))
+         (monitor-alias-alist (elt result 2))
+         container-monitor-alist container-frame-alist)
+    (when (and primary-monitor monitor-geometry-alist)
+      (when exwm-workspace--fullscreen-frame-count
+        ;; Not all workspaces are fullscreen; reset this counter.
+        (setq exwm-workspace--fullscreen-frame-count 0))
+      (dotimes (i (exwm-workspace--count))
+        (let* ((monitor (plist-get exwm-randr-workspace-monitor-plist i))
+               (geometry (cdr (assoc monitor monitor-geometry-alist)))
+               (frame (elt exwm-workspace--list i))
+               (container (frame-parameter frame 'exwm-container)))
+          (if geometry
+              ;; Unify monitor names in case it's a mirroring setup.
+              (setq monitor (cdr (assoc monitor monitor-alias-alist)))
+            ;; Missing monitors fallback to the primary one.
+            (setq monitor primary-monitor
+                  geometry (cdr (assoc primary-monitor
+                                       monitor-geometry-alist))))
+          (setq container-monitor-alist (nconc
+                                         `((,container . ,(intern monitor)))
+                                         container-monitor-alist)
+                container-frame-alist (nconc `((,container . ,frame))
+                                             container-frame-alist))
+          (set-frame-parameter frame 'exwm-randr-monitor monitor)
+          (set-frame-parameter frame 'exwm-geometry geometry)))
+      ;; Update workareas.
+      (exwm-workspace--update-workareas)
+      ;; Resize workspace.
+      (dolist (f exwm-workspace--list)
+        (exwm-workspace--set-fullscreen f))
+      (xcb:flush exwm--connection)
+      ;; Raise the minibuffer if it's active.
+      (when (and (active-minibuffer-window)
+                 (exwm-workspace--minibuffer-own-frame-p))
+        (exwm-workspace--show-minibuffer))
+      ;; Set _NET_DESKTOP_GEOMETRY.
+      (exwm-workspace--set-desktop-geometry)
+      ;; Update active/inactive workspaces.
+      (dolist (w exwm-workspace--list)
+        (exwm-workspace--set-active w nil))
+      ;; Mark the workspace on the top of each monitor as active.
+      (dolist (xwin
+               (reverse
+                (slot-value (xcb:+request-unchecked+reply exwm--connection
+                                (make-instance 'xcb:QueryTree
+                                               :window exwm--root))
+                            'children)))
+        (let ((monitor (cdr (assq xwin container-monitor-alist))))
+          (when monitor
+            (setq container-monitor-alist
+                  (rassq-delete-all monitor container-monitor-alist))
+            (exwm-workspace--set-active (cdr (assq xwin container-frame-alist))
+                                        t))))
+      (xcb:flush exwm--connection)
+      (run-hooks 'exwm-randr-refresh-hook))))
+
+(define-obsolete-function-alias 'exwm-randr--refresh #'exwm-randr-refresh
+  "27.1")
+
+(defun exwm-randr--on-ScreenChangeNotify (data _synthetic)
+  "Handle `ScreenChangeNotify' event.
+
+Run `exwm-randr-screen-change-hook' (usually user scripts to configure RandR)."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (let ((evt (make-instance 'xcb:randr:ScreenChangeNotify)))
+    (xcb:unmarshal evt data)
+    (let ((seqnum (slot-value evt '~sequence)))
+      (unless (equal seqnum exwm-randr--prev-screen-change-seqnum)
+        (setq exwm-randr--prev-screen-change-seqnum seqnum)
+        (run-hooks 'exwm-randr-screen-change-hook)))))
+
+(defun exwm-randr--on-Notify (data _synthetic)
+  "Handle `CrtcChangeNotify' and `OutputChangeNotify' events.
+
+Refresh when any CRTC/output changes."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (let ((evt (make-instance 'xcb:randr:Notify))
+        notify)
+    (xcb:unmarshal evt data)
+    (with-slots (subCode u) evt
+      (cl-case subCode
+        (xcb:randr:Notify:CrtcChange
+         (setq notify (slot-value u 'cc)))
+        (xcb:randr:Notify:OutputChange
+         (setq notify (slot-value u 'oc))))
+      (when notify
+        (with-slots (timestamp) notify
+          (when (> timestamp exwm-randr--last-timestamp)
+            (exwm-randr-refresh)
+            (setq exwm-randr--last-timestamp timestamp)))))))
+
+(defun exwm-randr--on-ConfigureNotify (data _synthetic)
+  "Handle `ConfigureNotify' event.
+
+Refresh when any RandR 1.5 monitor changes."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (let ((evt (make-instance 'xcb:ConfigureNotify)))
+    (xcb:unmarshal evt data)
+    (with-slots (window) evt
+      (when (eq window exwm--root)
+        (exwm-randr-refresh)))))
+
+(defun exwm-randr--init ()
+  "Initialize RandR extension and EXWM RandR module."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (when (= 0 (slot-value (xcb:get-extension-data exwm--connection 'xcb:randr)
+                         'present))
+    (error "[EXWM] RandR extension is not supported by the server"))
+  (with-slots (major-version minor-version)
+      (xcb:+request-unchecked+reply exwm--connection
+          (make-instance 'xcb:randr:QueryVersion
+                         :major-version 1 :minor-version 5))
+    (cond ((and (= major-version 1) (= minor-version 5))
+           (setq exwm-randr--compatibility-mode nil))
+          ((and (= major-version 1) (>= minor-version 2))
+           (setq exwm-randr--compatibility-mode t))
+          (t
+           (error "[EXWM] The server only support RandR version up to %d.%d"
+                  major-version minor-version)))
+    ;; External monitor(s) may already be connected.
+    (run-hooks 'exwm-randr-screen-change-hook)
+    (exwm-randr-refresh)
+    ;; Listen for `ScreenChangeNotify' to notify external tools to
+    ;; configure RandR and `CrtcChangeNotify/OutputChangeNotify' to
+    ;; refresh the workspace layout.
+    (xcb:+event exwm--connection 'xcb:randr:ScreenChangeNotify
+                #'exwm-randr--on-ScreenChangeNotify)
+    (xcb:+event exwm--connection 'xcb:randr:Notify
+                #'exwm-randr--on-Notify)
+    (xcb:+event exwm--connection 'xcb:ConfigureNotify
+                #'exwm-randr--on-ConfigureNotify)
+    (xcb:+request exwm--connection
+        (make-instance 'xcb:randr:SelectInput
+                       :window exwm--root
+                       :enable (logior
+                                xcb:randr:NotifyMask:ScreenChange
+                                xcb:randr:NotifyMask:CrtcChange
+                                xcb:randr:NotifyMask:OutputChange)))
+    (xcb:flush exwm--connection)
+    (add-hook 'exwm-workspace-list-change-hook #'exwm-randr-refresh))
+  ;; Prevent frame parameters introduced by this module from being
+  ;; saved/restored.
+  (dolist (i '(exwm-randr-monitor))
+    (unless (assq i frameset-filter-alist)
+      (push (cons i :never) frameset-filter-alist))))
+
+(defun exwm-randr--exit ()
+  "Exit the RandR module."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (remove-hook 'exwm-workspace-list-change-hook #'exwm-randr-refresh))
+
+(defun exwm-randr-enable ()
+  "Enable RandR support for EXWM."
+  (exwm--log)
+  (add-hook 'exwm-init-hook #'exwm-randr--init)
+  (add-hook 'exwm-exit-hook #'exwm-randr--exit))
+
+
+
+(provide 'exwm-randr)
+
+;;; exwm-randr.el ends here