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+//
+// immer: immutable data structures for C++
+// Copyright (C) 2016, 2017, 2018 Juan Pedro Bolivar Puente
+//
+// This software is distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// See accompanying file LICENSE or copy at http://boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+//
+
+#include "test/dada.hpp"
+#include "test/util.hpp"
+
+#include <immer/algorithm.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/range/adaptors.hpp>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+using namespace std::string_literals;
+
+#ifndef VECTOR_T
+#error "define the vector template to use in VECTOR_T"
+#endif
+
+template <typename V = VECTOR_T<unsigned>>
+auto make_test_vector(unsigned min, unsigned max)
+{
+    auto v = V{};
+    for (auto i = min; i < max; ++i)
+        v = v.push_back({i});
+    return v;
+}
+
+struct big_object
+{
+    std::array<std::size_t, 42> v;
+};
+
+struct string_sentinel
+{};
+
+bool operator==(const char16_t* i, string_sentinel) { return *i == '\0'; }
+
+bool operator!=(const char16_t* i, string_sentinel) { return *i != '\0'; }
+
+TEST_CASE("instantiation")
+{
+    SECTION("default")
+    {
+        auto v = VECTOR_T<int>{};
+        CHECK(v.size() == 0u);
+        CHECK(v.empty());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("initializer list")
+    {
+        auto v = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
+        CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(v, boost::irange(0u, 10u));
+        CHECK(!v.empty());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("big object")
+    {
+        auto v = VECTOR_T<big_object>{{}, {}, {}, {}};
+        CHECK(v.size() == 4);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("range")
+    {
+        auto r = std::vector<int>{{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}};
+        auto v = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{r.begin(), r.end()};
+        CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(v, boost::irange(0u, 10u));
+    }
+
+    SECTION("empty range")
+    {
+        auto r = std::vector<int>{};
+        auto v = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{r.begin(), r.end()};
+        CHECK(v.size() == 0);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("iterator/sentinel")
+    {
+        auto r = u"012345678";
+        string_sentinel s;
+        auto v = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{r, s};
+        CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(v, boost::irange(u'0', u'9'));
+    }
+
+    SECTION("fill")
+    {
+        auto v1 = VECTOR_T<int>(4);
+        CHECK(v1.size() == 4);
+        auto v2 = VECTOR_T<int>(4, 42);
+        CHECK(v2.size() == 4);
+        CHECK(v2[2] == 42);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("back and front")
+{
+    auto v = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
+    CHECK(v.front() == 0);
+    CHECK(v.back() == 9);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("at")
+{
+    auto v = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
+    CHECK(v.at(0) == 0);
+    CHECK(v.at(5) == 5);
+    CHECK_THROWS_AS(v.at(10), const std::out_of_range&);
+    CHECK_THROWS_AS(v.at(11), const std::out_of_range&);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("push back one element")
+{
+    SECTION("one element")
+    {
+        const auto v1 = VECTOR_T<int>{};
+        auto v2       = v1.push_back(42);
+        CHECK(v1.size() == 0u);
+        CHECK(v2.size() == 1u);
+        CHECK(v2[0] == 42);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("many elements")
+    {
+        const auto n = 666u;
+        auto v       = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{};
+        for (auto i = 0u; i < n; ++i) {
+            v = v.push_back(i * 42);
+            CHECK(v.size() == i + 1);
+            for (decltype(v.size()) j = 0; j < v.size(); ++j)
+                CHECK(v[j] == j * 42);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("update")
+{
+    const auto n = 42u;
+    auto v       = make_test_vector(0, n);
+
+    SECTION("set")
+    {
+        const auto u = v.set(3u, 13u);
+        CHECK(u.size() == v.size());
+        CHECK(u[2u] == 2u);
+        CHECK(u[3u] == 13u);
+        CHECK(u[4u] == 4u);
+        CHECK(u[40u] == 40u);
+        CHECK(v[3u] == 3u);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("set further")
+    {
+        auto v = make_test_vector(0, 666);
+
+        auto u = v.set(3u, 13u);
+        u      = u.set(200u, 7u);
+        CHECK(u.size() == v.size());
+
+        CHECK(u[2u] == 2u);
+        CHECK(u[4u] == 4u);
+        CHECK(u[40u] == 40u);
+        CHECK(u[600u] == 600u);
+
+        CHECK(u[3u] == 13u);
+        CHECK(u[200u] == 7u);
+
+        CHECK(v[3u] == 3u);
+        CHECK(v[200u] == 200u);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("set further more")
+    {
+        auto v = make_test_vector(0, 666u);
+
+        for (decltype(v.size()) i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i) {
+            v = v.set(i, i + 1);
+            CHECK(v[i] == i + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    SECTION("update")
+    {
+        const auto u = v.update(10u, [](auto x) { return x + 10; });
+        CHECK(u.size() == v.size());
+        CHECK(u[10u] == 20u);
+        CHECK(v[40u] == 40u);
+
+        const auto w = v.update(40u, [](auto x) { return x - 10; });
+        CHECK(w.size() == v.size());
+        CHECK(w[40u] == 30u);
+        CHECK(v[40u] == 40u);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("iterator")
+{
+    const auto n = 666u;
+    auto v       = make_test_vector(0, n);
+
+    SECTION("empty vector")
+    {
+        auto v = VECTOR_T<unsigned>{};
+        CHECK(v.begin() == v.end());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("works with range loop")
+    {
+        auto i = 0u;
+        for (const auto& x : v)
+            CHECK(x == i++);
+        CHECK(i == v.size());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("works with standard algorithms")
+    {
+        auto s = std::vector<unsigned>(n);
+        std::iota(s.begin(), s.end(), 0u);
+        std::equal(v.begin(), v.end(), s.begin(), s.end());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("can go back from end")
+    {
+        auto expected = n - 1;
+        auto last     = v.end();
+        CHECK(expected == *--last);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("works with reversed range adaptor")
+    {
+        auto r = v | boost::adaptors::reversed;
+        auto i = n;
+        for (const auto& x : r)
+            CHECK(x == --i);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("works with strided range adaptor")
+    {
+        auto r = v | boost::adaptors::strided(5);
+        auto i = 0u;
+        for (const auto& x : r)
+            CHECK(x == 5 * i++);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("works reversed")
+    {
+        auto i = n;
+        for (auto iter = v.rbegin(), last = v.rend(); iter != last; ++iter)
+            CHECK(*iter == --i);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("advance and distance")
+    {
+        auto i1 = v.begin();
+        auto i2 = i1 + 100;
+        CHECK(100u == *i2);
+        CHECK(100 == i2 - i1);
+        CHECK(50u == *(i2 - 50));
+        CHECK(-30 == (i2 - 30) - i2);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("equals")
+{
+    const auto n = 666u;
+    auto v       = make_test_vector(0, n);
+
+    CHECK(v == v);
+    CHECK(v == v.set(42, 42));
+    CHECK(v != v.set(42, 24));
+    CHECK(v == v.set(42, 24).set(42, 42));
+    CHECK(v.set(42, 24) == v.set(42, 24));
+    CHECK(v != v.push_back(7));
+    CHECK(v.push_back(7) == v.push_back(7));
+    CHECK(v.push_back(5) != v.push_back(7));
+    CHECK(v != v.set(v.size() - 2, 24));
+    CHECK(v == v.set(v.size() - 2, 24).set(v.size() - 2, v[v.size() - 2]));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("all of")
+{
+    const auto n = 666u;
+    auto v       = make_test_vector(0, n);
+
+    SECTION("false")
+    {
+        auto res = immer::all_of(v, [](auto x) { return x < 100; });
+        CHECK(res == false);
+    }
+    SECTION("true")
+    {
+        auto res = immer::all_of(v, [](auto x) { return x < 1000; });
+        CHECK(res == true);
+    }
+    SECTION("bounded, true")
+    {
+        auto res = immer::all_of(
+            v.begin() + 101, v.end() - 10, [](auto x) { return x > 100; });
+        CHECK(res == true);
+    }
+    SECTION("bounded, false")
+    {
+        auto res = immer::all_of(
+            v.begin() + 101, v.end() - 10, [](auto x) { return x < 600; });
+        CHECK(res == false);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("accumulate")
+{
+    const auto n = 666u;
+    auto v       = make_test_vector(0, n);
+
+    auto expected_n = [](auto n) { return n * (n - 1) / 2; };
+    auto expected_i = [&](auto i, auto n) {
+        return expected_n(n) - expected_n(i);
+    };
+
+    SECTION("sum collection")
+    {
+        auto sum = immer::accumulate(v, 0u);
+        CHECK(sum == expected_n(v.size()));
+    }
+
+    SECTION("sum range")
+    {
+        using namespace std;
+        {
+            auto sum = immer::accumulate(begin(v) + 100, begin(v) + 300, 0u);
+            CHECK(sum == expected_i(100, 300));
+        }
+        {
+            auto sum = immer::accumulate(begin(v) + 31, begin(v) + 300, 0u);
+            CHECK(sum == expected_i(31, 300));
+        }
+        {
+            auto sum = immer::accumulate(begin(v), begin(v) + 33, 0u);
+            CHECK(sum == expected_i(0, 33));
+        }
+        {
+            auto sum = immer::accumulate(begin(v) + 100, begin(v) + 660, 0u);
+            CHECK(sum == expected_i(100, 660));
+        }
+        {
+            auto sum = immer::accumulate(begin(v) + 100, begin(v) + 105, 0u);
+            CHECK(sum == expected_i(100, 105));
+        }
+        {
+            auto sum = immer::accumulate(begin(v) + 660, begin(v) + 664, 0u);
+            CHECK(sum == expected_i(660, 664));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("vector of strings")
+{
+    const auto n = 666u;
+
+    auto v = VECTOR_T<std::string>{};
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < n; ++i)
+        v = v.push_back(std::to_string(i));
+
+    for (decltype(v.size()) i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i)
+        CHECK(v[i] == std::to_string(i));
+
+    SECTION("set")
+    {
+        for (auto i = 0u; i < n; ++i)
+            v = v.set(i, "foo " + std::to_string(i));
+        for (auto i = 0u; i < n; ++i)
+            CHECK(v[i] == "foo " + std::to_string(i));
+    }
+}
+
+struct non_default
+{
+    unsigned value;
+    non_default() = delete;
+    operator unsigned() const { return value; }
+
+#if IMMER_DEBUG_PRINT
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, non_default x)
+    {
+        os << "ND{" << x.value << "}";
+        return os;
+    }
+#endif
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("non default")
+{
+    const auto n = 666u;
+
+    auto v = VECTOR_T<non_default>{};
+    for (auto i = 0u; i < n; ++i)
+        v = v.push_back({i});
+
+    CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(v, boost::irange(0u, n));
+
+    SECTION("set")
+    {
+        for (auto i = 0u; i < n; ++i)
+            v = v.set(i, {i + 1});
+
+        CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(v, boost::irange(1u, n + 1u));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("take")
+{
+    const auto n = 666u;
+
+    SECTION("anywhere")
+    {
+        auto v = make_test_vector(0, n);
+
+        for (auto i : test_irange(0u, n)) {
+            auto vv = v.take(i);
+            CHECK(vv.size() == i);
+            CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS_RANGE(vv, v.begin(), v.begin() + i);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("exception safety")
+{
+    constexpr auto n = 666u;
+
+    using dadaist_vector_t = typename dadaist_wrapper<VECTOR_T<unsigned>>::type;
+
+    SECTION("push back")
+    {
+        auto v = dadaist_vector_t{};
+        auto d = dadaism{};
+        for (auto i = 0u; v.size() < static_cast<decltype(v.size())>(n);) {
+            auto s = d.next();
+            try {
+                v = v.push_back({i});
+                ++i;
+            } catch (dada_error) {}
+            CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(v, boost::irange(0u, i));
+        }
+        CHECK(d.happenings > 0);
+        IMMER_TRACE_E(d.happenings);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("update")
+    {
+        auto v = make_test_vector<dadaist_vector_t>(0, n);
+        auto d = dadaism{};
+        for (auto i = 0u; i < n;) {
+            auto s = d.next();
+            try {
+                v = v.update(i, [](auto x) { return dada(), x + 1; });
+                ++i;
+            } catch (dada_error) {}
+            CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(
+                v, boost::join(boost::irange(1u, 1u + i), boost::irange(i, n)));
+        }
+        CHECK(d.happenings > 0);
+        IMMER_TRACE_E(d.happenings);
+    }
+
+    SECTION("take")
+    {
+        auto v = make_test_vector<dadaist_vector_t>(0, n);
+        auto d = dadaism{};
+        for (auto i = 0u; i < n;) {
+            auto s = d.next();
+            auto r = dadaist_vector_t{};
+            try {
+                r = v.take(i);
+                CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(r, boost::irange(0u, i++));
+            } catch (dada_error) {
+                CHECK_VECTOR_EQUALS(r, boost::irange(0u, 0u));
+            }
+        }
+        CHECK(d.happenings > 0);
+        IMMER_TRACE_E(d.happenings);
+    }
+}