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Diffstat (limited to 'strbuf.h')
| -rw-r--r-- | strbuf.h | 695 |
1 files changed, 695 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/strbuf.h b/strbuf.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..f62278a0be59 --- /dev/null +++ b/strbuf.h @@ -0,0 +1,695 @@ +#ifndef STRBUF_H +#define STRBUF_H + +struct string_list; + +/** + * strbuf's are meant to be used with all the usual C string and memory + * APIs. Given that the length of the buffer is known, it's often better to + * use the mem* functions than a str* one (memchr vs. strchr e.g.). + * Though, one has to be careful about the fact that str* functions often + * stop on NULs and that strbufs may have embedded NULs. + * + * A strbuf is NUL terminated for convenience, but no function in the + * strbuf API actually relies on the string being free of NULs. + * + * strbufs have some invariants that are very important to keep in mind: + * + * - The `buf` member is never NULL, so it can be used in any usual C + * string operations safely. strbuf's _have_ to be initialized either by + * `strbuf_init()` or by `= STRBUF_INIT` before the invariants, though. + * + * Do *not* assume anything on what `buf` really is (e.g. if it is + * allocated memory or not), use `strbuf_detach()` to unwrap a memory + * buffer from its strbuf shell in a safe way. That is the sole supported + * way. This will give you a malloced buffer that you can later `free()`. + * + * However, it is totally safe to modify anything in the string pointed by + * the `buf` member, between the indices `0` and `len-1` (inclusive). + * + * - The `buf` member is a byte array that has at least `len + 1` bytes + * allocated. The extra byte is used to store a `'\0'`, allowing the + * `buf` member to be a valid C-string. Every strbuf function ensure this + * invariant is preserved. + * + * NOTE: It is OK to "play" with the buffer directly if you work it this + * way: + * + * strbuf_grow(sb, SOME_SIZE); <1> + * strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + SOME_OTHER_SIZE); + * + * <1> Here, the memory array starting at `sb->buf`, and of length + * `strbuf_avail(sb)` is all yours, and you can be sure that + * `strbuf_avail(sb)` is at least `SOME_SIZE`. + * + * NOTE: `SOME_OTHER_SIZE` must be smaller or equal to `strbuf_avail(sb)`. + * + * Doing so is safe, though if it has to be done in many places, adding the + * missing API to the strbuf module is the way to go. + * + * WARNING: Do _not_ assume that the area that is yours is of size `alloc + * - 1` even if it's true in the current implementation. Alloc is somehow a + * "private" member that should not be messed with. Use `strbuf_avail()` + * instead. +*/ + +/** + * Data Structures + * --------------- + */ + +/** + * This is the string buffer structure. The `len` member can be used to + * determine the current length of the string, and `buf` member provides + * access to the string itself. + */ +struct strbuf { + size_t alloc; + size_t len; + char *buf; +}; + +extern char strbuf_slopbuf[]; +#define STRBUF_INIT { .alloc = 0, .len = 0, .buf = strbuf_slopbuf } + +/* + * Predeclare this here, since cache.h includes this file before it defines the + * struct. + */ +struct object_id; + +/** + * Life Cycle Functions + * -------------------- + */ + +/** + * Initialize the structure. The second parameter can be zero or a bigger + * number to allocate memory, in case you want to prevent further reallocs. + */ +void strbuf_init(struct strbuf *sb, size_t alloc); + +/** + * Release a string buffer and the memory it used. After this call, the + * strbuf points to an empty string that does not need to be free()ed, as + * if it had been set to `STRBUF_INIT` and never modified. + * + * To clear a strbuf in preparation for further use without the overhead + * of free()ing and malloc()ing again, use strbuf_reset() instead. + */ +void strbuf_release(struct strbuf *sb); + +/** + * Detach the string from the strbuf and returns it; you now own the + * storage the string occupies and it is your responsibility from then on + * to release it with `free(3)` when you are done with it. + * + * The strbuf that previously held the string is reset to `STRBUF_INIT` so + * it can be reused after calling this function. + */ +char *strbuf_detach(struct strbuf *sb, size_t *sz); + +/** + * Attach a string to a buffer. You should specify the string to attach, + * the current length of the string and the amount of allocated memory. + * The amount must be larger than the string length, because the string you + * pass is supposed to be a NUL-terminated string. This string _must_ be + * malloc()ed, and after attaching, the pointer cannot be relied upon + * anymore, and neither be free()d directly. + */ +void strbuf_attach(struct strbuf *sb, void *str, size_t len, size_t mem); + +/** + * Swap the contents of two string buffers. + */ +static inline void strbuf_swap(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b) +{ + SWAP(*a, *b); +} + + +/** + * Functions related to the size of the buffer + * ------------------------------------------- + */ + +/** + * Determine the amount of allocated but unused memory. + */ +static inline size_t strbuf_avail(const struct strbuf *sb) +{ + return sb->alloc ? sb->alloc - sb->len - 1 : 0; +} + +/** + * Ensure that at least this amount of unused memory is available after + * `len`. This is used when you know a typical size for what you will add + * and want to avoid repetitive automatic resizing of the underlying buffer. + * This is never a needed operation, but can be critical for performance in + * some cases. + */ +void strbuf_grow(struct strbuf *sb, size_t amount); + +/** + * Set the length of the buffer to a given value. This function does *not* + * allocate new memory, so you should not perform a `strbuf_setlen()` to a + * length that is larger than `len + strbuf_avail()`. `strbuf_setlen()` is + * just meant as a 'please fix invariants from this strbuf I just messed + * with'. + */ +static inline void strbuf_setlen(struct strbuf *sb, size_t len) +{ + if (len > (sb->alloc ? sb->alloc - 1 : 0)) + die("BUG: strbuf_setlen() beyond buffer"); + sb->len = len; + if (sb->buf != strbuf_slopbuf) + sb->buf[len] = '\0'; + else + assert(!strbuf_slopbuf[0]); +} + +/** + * Empty the buffer by setting the size of it to zero. + */ +#define strbuf_reset(sb) strbuf_setlen(sb, 0) + + +/** + * Functions related to the contents of the buffer + * ----------------------------------------------- + */ + +/** + * Strip whitespace from the beginning (`ltrim`), end (`rtrim`), or both side + * (`trim`) of a string. + */ +void strbuf_trim(struct strbuf *sb); +void strbuf_rtrim(struct strbuf *sb); +void strbuf_ltrim(struct strbuf *sb); + +/* Strip trailing directory separators */ +void strbuf_trim_trailing_dir_sep(struct strbuf *sb); + +/* Strip trailing LF or CR/LF */ +void strbuf_trim_trailing_newline(struct strbuf *sb); + +/** + * Replace the contents of the strbuf with a reencoded form. Returns -1 + * on error, 0 on success. + */ +int strbuf_reencode(struct strbuf *sb, const char *from, const char *to); + +/** + * Lowercase each character in the buffer using `tolower`. + */ +void strbuf_tolower(struct strbuf *sb); + +/** + * Compare two buffers. Returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater + * than zero if the first buffer is found, respectively, to be less than, + * to match, or be greater than the second buffer. + */ +int strbuf_cmp(const struct strbuf *first, const struct strbuf *second); + + +/** + * Adding data to the buffer + * ------------------------- + * + * NOTE: All of the functions in this section will grow the buffer as + * necessary. If they fail for some reason other than memory shortage and the + * buffer hadn't been allocated before (i.e. the `struct strbuf` was set to + * `STRBUF_INIT`), then they will free() it. + */ + +/** + * Add a single character to the buffer. + */ +static inline void strbuf_addch(struct strbuf *sb, int c) +{ + if (!strbuf_avail(sb)) + strbuf_grow(sb, 1); + sb->buf[sb->len++] = c; + sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0'; +} + +/** + * Add a character the specified number of times to the buffer. + */ +void strbuf_addchars(struct strbuf *sb, int c, size_t n); + +/** + * Insert data to the given position of the buffer. The remaining contents + * will be shifted, not overwritten. + */ +void strbuf_insert(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, const void *, size_t); + +/** + * Insert data to the given position of the buffer giving a printf format + * string. The contents will be shifted, not overwritten. + */ +void strbuf_vinsertf(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, const char *fmt, + va_list ap); + +void strbuf_insertf(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, const char *fmt, ...); + +/** + * Remove given amount of data from a given position of the buffer. + */ +void strbuf_remove(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len); + +/** + * Remove the bytes between `pos..pos+len` and replace it with the given + * data. + */ +void strbuf_splice(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len, + const void *data, size_t data_len); + +/** + * Add a NUL-terminated string to the buffer. Each line will be prepended + * by a comment character and a blank. + */ +void strbuf_add_commented_lines(struct strbuf *out, + const char *buf, size_t size); + + +/** + * Add data of given length to the buffer. + */ +void strbuf_add(struct strbuf *sb, const void *data, size_t len); + +/** + * Add a NUL-terminated string to the buffer. + * + * NOTE: This function will *always* be implemented as an inline or a macro + * using strlen, meaning that this is efficient to write things like: + * + * strbuf_addstr(sb, "immediate string"); + * + */ +static inline void strbuf_addstr(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s) +{ + strbuf_add(sb, s, strlen(s)); +} + +/** + * Copy the contents of another buffer at the end of the current one. + */ +void strbuf_addbuf(struct strbuf *sb, const struct strbuf *sb2); + +/** + * Join the arguments into a buffer. `delim` is put between every + * two arguments. + */ +const char *strbuf_join_argv(struct strbuf *buf, int argc, + const char **argv, char delim); + +/** + * This function can be used to expand a format string containing + * placeholders. To that end, it parses the string and calls the specified + * function for every percent sign found. + * + * The callback function is given a pointer to the character after the `%` + * and a pointer to the struct strbuf. It is expected to add the expanded + * version of the placeholder to the strbuf, e.g. to add a newline + * character if the letter `n` appears after a `%`. The function returns + * the length of the placeholder recognized and `strbuf_expand()` skips + * over it. + * + * The format `%%` is automatically expanded to a single `%` as a quoting + * mechanism; callers do not need to handle the `%` placeholder themselves, + * and the callback function will not be invoked for this placeholder. + * + * All other characters (non-percent and not skipped ones) are copied + * verbatim to the strbuf. If the callback returned zero, meaning that the + * placeholder is unknown, then the percent sign is copied, too. + * + * In order to facilitate caching and to make it possible to give + * parameters to the callback, `strbuf_expand()` passes a context pointer, + * which can be used by the programmer of the callback as she sees fit. + */ +typedef size_t (*expand_fn_t) (struct strbuf *sb, + const char *placeholder, + void *context); +void strbuf_expand(struct strbuf *sb, + const char *format, + expand_fn_t fn, + void *context); + +/** + * Used as callback for `strbuf_expand` to only expand literals + * (i.e. %n and %xNN). The context argument is ignored. + */ +size_t strbuf_expand_literal_cb(struct strbuf *sb, + const char *placeholder, + void *context); + +/** + * Used as callback for `strbuf_expand()`, expects an array of + * struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry as context, i.e. pairs of + * placeholder and replacement string. The array needs to be + * terminated by an entry with placeholder set to NULL. + */ +struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry { + const char *placeholder; + const char *value; +}; +size_t strbuf_expand_dict_cb(struct strbuf *sb, + const char *placeholder, + void *context); + +/** + * Append the contents of one strbuf to another, quoting any + * percent signs ("%") into double-percents ("%%") in the + * destination. This is useful for literal data to be fed to either + * strbuf_expand or to the *printf family of functions. + */ +void strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(struct strbuf *dst, const struct strbuf *src); + +/** + * Append the given byte size as a human-readable string (i.e. 12.23 KiB, + * 3.50 MiB). + */ +void strbuf_humanise_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, off_t bytes); + +/** + * Append the given byte rate as a human-readable string (i.e. 12.23 KiB/s, + * 3.50 MiB/s). + */ +void strbuf_humanise_rate(struct strbuf *buf, off_t bytes); + +/** + * Add a formatted string to the buffer. + */ +__attribute__((format (printf,2,3))) +void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...); + +/** + * Add a formatted string prepended by a comment character and a + * blank to the buffer. + */ +__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3))) +void strbuf_commented_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...); + +__attribute__((format (printf,2,0))) +void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap); + +/** + * Add the time specified by `tm`, as formatted by `strftime`. + * `tz_offset` is in decimal hhmm format, e.g. -600 means six hours west + * of Greenwich, and it's used to expand %z internally. However, tokens + * with modifiers (e.g. %Ez) are passed to `strftime`. + * `suppress_tz_name`, when set, expands %Z internally to the empty + * string rather than passing it to `strftime`. + */ +void strbuf_addftime(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, + const struct tm *tm, int tz_offset, + int suppress_tz_name); + +/** + * Read a given size of data from a FILE* pointer to the buffer. + * + * NOTE: The buffer is rewound if the read fails. If -1 is returned, + * `errno` must be consulted, like you would do for `read(3)`. + * `strbuf_read()`, `strbuf_read_file()` and `strbuf_getline_*()` + * family of functions have the same behaviour as well. + */ +size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *sb, size_t size, FILE *file); + +/** + * Read the contents of a given file descriptor. The third argument can be + * used to give a hint about the file size, to avoid reallocs. If read fails, + * any partial read is undone. + */ +ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint); + +/** + * Read the contents of a given file descriptor partially by using only one + * attempt of xread. The third argument can be used to give a hint about the + * file size, to avoid reallocs. Returns the number of new bytes appended to + * the sb. + */ +ssize_t strbuf_read_once(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint); + +/** + * Read the contents of a file, specified by its path. The third argument + * can be used to give a hint about the file size, to avoid reallocs. + * Return the number of bytes read or a negative value if some error + * occurred while opening or reading the file. + */ +ssize_t strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint); + +/** + * Read the target of a symbolic link, specified by its path. The third + * argument can be used to give a hint about the size, to avoid reallocs. + */ +int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint); + +/** + * Write the whole content of the strbuf to the stream not stopping at + * NUL bytes. + */ +ssize_t strbuf_write(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *stream); + +/** + * Read a line from a FILE *, overwriting the existing contents of + * the strbuf. The strbuf_getline*() family of functions share + * this signature, but have different line termination conventions. + * + * Reading stops after the terminator or at EOF. The terminator + * is removed from the buffer before returning. Returns 0 unless + * there was nothing left before EOF, in which case it returns `EOF`. + */ +typedef int (*strbuf_getline_fn)(struct strbuf *, FILE *); + +/* Uses LF as the line terminator */ +int strbuf_getline_lf(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp); + +/* Uses NUL as the line terminator */ +int strbuf_getline_nul(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp); + +/* + * Similar to strbuf_getline_lf(), but additionally treats a CR that + * comes immediately before the LF as part of the terminator. + * This is the most friendly version to be used to read "text" files + * that can come from platforms whose native text format is CRLF + * terminated. + */ +int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *file); + + +/** + * Like `strbuf_getline`, but keeps the trailing terminator (if + * any) in the buffer. + */ +int strbuf_getwholeline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *file, int term); + +/** + * Like `strbuf_getwholeline`, but operates on a file descriptor. + * It reads one character at a time, so it is very slow. Do not + * use it unless you need the correct position in the file + * descriptor. + */ +int strbuf_getwholeline_fd(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, int term); + +/** + * Set the buffer to the path of the current working directory. + */ +int strbuf_getcwd(struct strbuf *sb); + +/** + * Add a path to a buffer, converting a relative path to an + * absolute one in the process. Symbolic links are not + * resolved. + */ +void strbuf_add_absolute_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path); + +/** + * Canonize `path` (make it absolute, resolve symlinks, remove extra + * slashes) and append it to `sb`. Die with an informative error + * message if there is a problem. + * + * The directory part of `path` (i.e., everything up to the last + * dir_sep) must denote a valid, existing directory, but the last + * component need not exist. + * + * Callers that don't mind links should use the more lightweight + * strbuf_add_absolute_path() instead. + */ +void strbuf_add_real_path(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path); + + +/** + * Normalize in-place the path contained in the strbuf. See + * normalize_path_copy() for details. If an error occurs, the contents of "sb" + * are left untouched, and -1 is returned. + */ +int strbuf_normalize_path(struct strbuf *sb); + +/** + * Strip whitespace from a buffer. The second parameter controls if + * comments are considered contents to be removed or not. + */ +void strbuf_stripspace(struct strbuf *buf, int skip_comments); + +static inline int strbuf_strip_suffix(struct strbuf *sb, const char *suffix) +{ + if (strip_suffix_mem(sb->buf, &sb->len, suffix)) { + strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len); + return 1; + } else + return 0; +} + +/** + * Split str (of length slen) at the specified terminator character. + * Return a null-terminated array of pointers to strbuf objects + * holding the substrings. The substrings include the terminator, + * except for the last substring, which might be unterminated if the + * original string did not end with a terminator. If max is positive, + * then split the string into at most max substrings (with the last + * substring containing everything following the (max-1)th terminator + * character). + * + * The most generic form is `strbuf_split_buf`, which takes an arbitrary + * pointer/len buffer. The `_str` variant takes a NUL-terminated string, + * the `_max` variant takes a strbuf, and just `strbuf_split` is a convenience + * wrapper to drop the `max` parameter. + * + * For lighter-weight alternatives, see string_list_split() and + * string_list_split_in_place(). + */ +struct strbuf **strbuf_split_buf(const char *str, size_t len, + int terminator, int max); + +static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split_str(const char *str, + int terminator, int max) +{ + return strbuf_split_buf(str, strlen(str), terminator, max); +} + +static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split_max(const struct strbuf *sb, + int terminator, int max) +{ + return strbuf_split_buf(sb->buf, sb->len, terminator, max); +} + +static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split(const struct strbuf *sb, + int terminator) +{ + return strbuf_split_max(sb, terminator, 0); +} + +/* + * Adds all strings of a string list to the strbuf, separated by the given + * separator. For example, if sep is + * ', ' + * and slist contains + * ['element1', 'element2', ..., 'elementN'], + * then write: + * 'element1, element2, ..., elementN' + * to str. If only one element, just write "element1" to str. + */ +void strbuf_add_separated_string_list(struct strbuf *str, + const char *sep, + struct string_list *slist); + +/** + * Free a NULL-terminated list of strbufs (for example, the return + * values of the strbuf_split*() functions). + */ +void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **list); + +/** + * Add the abbreviation, as generated by find_unique_abbrev, of `sha1` to + * the strbuf `sb`. + */ +void strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(struct strbuf *sb, + const struct object_id *oid, + int abbrev_len); + +/** + * Launch the user preferred editor to edit a file and fill the buffer + * with the file's contents upon the user completing their editing. The + * third argument can be used to set the environment which the editor is + * run in. If the buffer is NULL the editor is launched as usual but the + * file's contents are not read into the buffer upon completion. + */ +int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, + const char *const *env); + +int launch_sequence_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, + const char *const *env); + +void strbuf_add_lines(struct strbuf *sb, + const char *prefix, + const char *buf, + size_t size); + +/** + * Append s to sb, with the characters '<', '>', '&' and '"' converted + * into XML entities. + */ +void strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(struct strbuf *sb, + const char *s); + +/** + * "Complete" the contents of `sb` by ensuring that either it ends with the + * character `term`, or it is empty. This can be used, for example, + * to ensure that text ends with a newline, but without creating an empty + * blank line if there is no content in the first place. + */ +static inline void strbuf_complete(struct strbuf *sb, char term) +{ + if (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != term) + strbuf_addch(sb, term); +} + +static inline void strbuf_complete_line(struct strbuf *sb) +{ + strbuf_complete(sb, '\n'); +} + +/* + * Copy "name" to "sb", expanding any special @-marks as handled by + * interpret_branch_name(). The result is a non-qualified branch name + * (so "foo" or "origin/master" instead of "refs/heads/foo" or + * "refs/remotes/origin/master"). + * + * Note that the resulting name may not be a syntactically valid refname. + * + * If "allowed" is non-zero, restrict the set of allowed expansions. See + * interpret_branch_name() for details. + */ +void strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name, + unsigned allowed); + +/* + * Like strbuf_branchname() above, but confirm that the result is + * syntactically valid to be used as a local branch name in refs/heads/. + * + * The return value is "0" if the result is valid, and "-1" otherwise. + */ +int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name); + +void strbuf_addstr_urlencode(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name, + int reserved); + +__attribute__((format (printf,1,2))) +int printf_ln(const char *fmt, ...); +__attribute__((format (printf,2,3))) +int fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *fmt, ...); + +char *xstrdup_tolower(const char *); +char *xstrdup_toupper(const char *); + +/** + * Create a newly allocated string using printf format. You can do this easily + * with a strbuf, but this provides a shortcut to save a few lines. + */ +__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 0))) +char *xstrvfmt(const char *fmt, va_list ap); +__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2))) +char *xstrfmt(const char *fmt, ...); + +#endif /* STRBUF_H */ |