Squashed 'third_party/immer/' content from commit ad3e3556d

git-subtree-dir: third_party/immer
git-subtree-split: ad3e3556d38bb75966dd24c61a774970a7c7957e

17 files changed, 20348 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tools/clojure/README.md b/tools/clojure/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2628aa2e5f40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/clojure/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+```
+lein run
+```
diff --git a/tools/clojure/project.clj b/tools/clojure/project.clj
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..735deab2f9eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/clojure/project.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(defproject immer-benchmarks "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  :description "Benchmarks for immutable data structures"
+  :url "http://example.com/FIXME"
+  :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.8.0"]
+                 [org.clojure/core.rrb-vector "0.0.11"]
+                 [criterium "0.4.4"]]
+  :plugins [[lein-git-deps "0.0.1-SNAPSHOT"]]
+  ;;:git-dependencies [["https://github.com/clojure/core.rrb-vector.git"]]
+  :source-paths [;;".lein-git-deps/core.rrb-vector/src/main/clojure"
+                 "src"]
+
+  :main immer-benchmark)
diff --git a/tools/clojure/src/immer_benchmark.clj b/tools/clojure/src/immer_benchmark.clj
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f3d6f73e6c18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/clojure/src/immer_benchmark.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+(ns immer-benchmark
+  (:require [criterium.core :as c]
+            [clojure.core.rrb-vector :as fv]))
+
+(defn h0 [& args]
+  (apply println "\n####" args))
+
+(defn h1 [& args]
+  (apply println "\n====" args))
+
+(defn h2 [& args]
+  (apply println "\n----" args))
+
+(defn run-benchmarks [N S]
+  (h0 "Running benchmarks:  N =" N " S =" S)
+
+  (def c-steps 10)
+
+  (defn vector-push-f [v]
+    (loop [v v
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i N)
+        (recur (fv/catvec (fv/vector i) v)
+               (inc i))
+        v)))
+
+  (defn vector-push [v]
+    (loop [v v
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i N)
+        (recur (conj v i)
+               (inc i))
+        v)))
+
+  (defn vector-push! [v]
+    (loop [v (transient v)
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i N)
+        (recur (conj! v i)
+               (inc i))
+        (persistent! v))))
+
+  (defn vector-concat [v vc]
+    (loop [v v
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i c-steps)
+        (recur (fv/catvec v vc)
+               (inc i))
+        v)))
+
+  (defn vector-update [v]
+    (loop [v v
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i N)
+        (recur (assoc v i (+ i 1))
+               (inc i))
+        v)))
+
+  (defn vector-update-random [v]
+    (loop [v v
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i N)
+        (recur (assoc v (rand-int N) i)
+               (inc i))
+        v)))
+
+  (defn vector-update! [v]
+    (loop [v (transient v)
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i N)
+        (recur (assoc! v i (+ i 1))
+               (inc i))
+        (persistent! v))))
+
+  (defn vector-update-random! [v]
+    (loop [v (transient v)
+           i 0]
+      (if (< i N)
+        (recur (assoc! v (rand-int N) i)
+               (inc i))
+        (persistent! v))))
+
+  (defn vector-iter [v]
+    (reduce + 0 v))
+
+  (defn the-benchmarks [empty-v]
+    (def full-v (into empty-v (range N)))
+    (h2 "iter")
+    (c/bench (vector-iter full-v) :samples S)
+    (if (> N 100000)
+      (h2 "skipping updates 'cuz N > 100000 (would run out of mem)")
+      (do
+        (h2 "update!")
+        (c/bench (vector-update! full-v) :samples S)
+        (h2 "update-random!")
+        (c/bench (vector-update-random! full-v) :samples S)
+        (h2 "push!")
+        (c/bench (vector-push! empty-v) :samples S)
+        (h2 "update")
+        (c/bench (vector-update full-v) :samples S)
+        (h2 "update-random")
+        (c/bench (vector-update-random full-v) :samples S)
+        (h2 "push")
+        (c/bench (vector-push empty-v) :samples S))))
+
+  (defn the-rrb-benchmarks [empty-v]
+    (if (> N 1000)
+      (h2 "skipping relaxed test 'cuz N > 1000 (rrb-vector bug)")
+      (do
+        (def full-v (vector-push-f empty-v))
+        (h2 "iter/f")
+        (c/bench (vector-iter full-v) :samples S)
+        (h2 "update/f")
+        (c/bench (vector-update full-v) :samples S)
+        (h2 "update-random/f")
+        (c/bench (vector-update-random full-v) :samples S)))
+    (def short-v (into empty-v (range (/ N c-steps))))
+    (h2 "concat")
+    (c/bench (vector-concat empty-v short-v)) :samples S)
+
+  (h1 "vector")
+  (the-benchmarks (vector))
+
+  (h1 "rrb-vector")
+  (the-benchmarks (fv/vector))
+  (the-rrb-benchmarks (fv/vector)))
+
+(defn -main []
+  (run-benchmarks 1000 100)
+  (run-benchmarks 100000 20)
+  (run-benchmarks 10000000 3))
diff --git a/tools/docker/icfp17/Dockerfile b/tools/docker/icfp17/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5e6d1292e592
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/docker/icfp17/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+FROM debian:stretch
+
+MAINTAINER arximboldi
+
+## install immer
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y git
+RUN git clone https://github.com/arximboldi/immer.git
+
+## prepare test dependencies
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y \
+            autoconf \
+            automake \
+            cmake \
+            g++ \
+            libboost-dev \
+            libtool \
+            make \
+            pkg-config \
+            --
+
+RUN mkdir /immer/build
+WORKDIR /immer/build
+RUN cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCHECK_BENCHMARKS=1
+RUN make deps
+RUN make tests examples benchmarks
+
+## prepare clojure dependencies
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y default-jdk curl
+
+RUN curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/technomancy/leiningen/stable/bin/lein \
+         > /usr/local/bin/lein && \
+    chmod +x /usr/local/bin/lein
+
+WORKDIR /immer/tools/clojure
+ENV LEIN_ROOT ok
+RUN lein deps
+RUN lein compile
+
+## prepare scala dependencies
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y gnupg2 apt-transport-https
+RUN echo "deb https://dl.bintray.com/sbt/debian /" \
+         > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sbt.list && \
+    apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 \
+                --recv 2EE0EA64E40A89B84B2DF73499E82A75642AC823 && \
+    apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y sbt
+
+WORKDIR /immer/tools/scala
+RUN sbt compile
+
+## prepare python dependencies
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y python-pip
+
+RUN pip install \
+        pytest-benchmark \
+        pyrsistent
+
+RUN pip install /immer
+
+## add some editors
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y emacs vim nano
+
+## go to a useful working dir
+
+WORKDIR /immer
diff --git a/tools/include/catch.hpp b/tools/include/catch.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c86bc6adc328
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/catch.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9458 @@
+/*
+ *  CATCH v1.1 build 3 (master branch)
+ *  Generated: 2015-05-20 13:23:44.423074
+ *  ----------------------------------------------------------
+ *  This file has been merged from multiple headers. Please don't edit it directly
+ *  Copyright (c) 2012 Two Blue Cubes Ltd. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+ *  file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+#ifndef TWOBLUECUBES_SINGLE_INCLUDE_CATCH_HPP_INCLUDED
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_SINGLE_INCLUDE_CATCH_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_suppress_warnings.h
+
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_H_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#   ifdef __ICC // icpc defines the __clang__ macro
+#       pragma warning(push)
+#       pragma warning(disable: 161 1682)
+#   else // __ICC
+#       pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wglobal-constructors"
+#       pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wvariadic-macros"
+#       pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc99-extensions"
+#       pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-variable"
+#       pragma clang diagnostic push
+#       pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#       pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++98-compat"
+#       pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++98-compat-pedantic"
+#    endif
+#elif defined __GNUC__
+#    pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wvariadic-macros"
+#    pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-variable"
+#    pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#    pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN) || defined(CATCH_CONFIG_RUNNER)
+#  define CATCH_IMPL
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CATCH_IMPL
+#  ifndef CLARA_CONFIG_MAIN
+#    define CLARA_CONFIG_MAIN_NOT_DEFINED
+#    define CLARA_CONFIG_MAIN
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_notimplemented_exception.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_NOTIMPLEMENTED_EXCEPTION_H_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_common.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_COMMON_H_INCLUDED
+
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE2( name, line ) name##line
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE( name, line ) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE2( name, line )
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( name ) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE( name, __LINE__ )
+
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY2( expr ) #expr
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY2( expr )
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+// #included from: catch_compiler_capabilities.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_COMPILER_CAPABILITIES_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// Detect a number of compiler features - mostly C++11/14 conformance - by compiler
+// The following features are defined:
+//
+// CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR : is nullptr supported?
+// CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NOEXCEPT : is noexcept supported?
+// CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS : The delete and default keywords for compiler generated methods
+// CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_IS_ENUM : std::is_enum is supported?
+// CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_TUPLE : std::tuple is supported
+
+// CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_OR_GREATER : Is C++11 supported?
+
+// CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE : is basic (C++03) SFINAE supported?
+// CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS : are variadic macros supported?
+
+// A lot of this code is based on Boost (1.53)
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+
+#  if __has_feature(cxx_nullptr)
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+#  endif
+
+#  if __has_feature(cxx_noexcept)
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NOEXCEPT
+#  endif
+
+#endif // __clang__
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Borland
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+
+#if (__BORLANDC__ > 0x582 )
+//#define CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE // Not confirmed
+#endif
+
+#endif // __BORLANDC__
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// EDG
+#ifdef __EDG_VERSION__
+
+#if (__EDG_VERSION__ > 238 )
+//#define CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE // Not confirmed
+#endif
+
+#endif // __EDG_VERSION__
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Digital Mars
+#ifdef __DMC__
+
+#if (__DMC__ > 0x840 )
+//#define CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE // Not confirmed
+#endif
+
+#endif // __DMC__
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// GCC
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+
+#if __GNUC__ < 3
+
+#if (__GNUC_MINOR__ >= 96 )
+//#define CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE
+#endif
+
+#elif __GNUC__ >= 3
+
+// #define CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE // Taking this out completely for now
+
+#endif // __GNUC__ < 3
+
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 6 && defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__) )
+
+#define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+#endif
+
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Visual C++
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+
+#if (_MSC_VER >= 1310 ) // (VC++ 7.0+)
+//#define CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE // Not confirmed
+#endif
+
+#if (_MSC_VER >= 1600)
+#define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+#endif
+
+#if (_MSC_VER >= 1900 ) // (VC++ 13 (VS2015))
+#define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NOEXCEPT
+#define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+#endif
+
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+// Use variadic macros if the compiler supports them
+#if ( defined _MSC_VER && _MSC_VER > 1400 && !defined __EDGE__) || \
+    ( defined __WAVE__ && __WAVE_HAS_VARIADICS ) || \
+    ( defined __GNUC__ && __GNUC__ >= 3 ) || \
+    ( !defined __cplusplus && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L || __cplusplus >= 201103L )
+
+#ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_NO_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// C++ language feature support
+
+// catch all support for C++11
+#if (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+
+#  define CATCH_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NOEXCEPT
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NOEXCEPT
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_IS_ENUM
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_IS_ENUM
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_TUPLE
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_TUPLE
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE
+//#    define CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE // Don't use, for now
+#  endif
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#    define CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#  endif
+
+#endif // __cplusplus >= 201103L
+
+// noexcept support:
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NOEXCEPT) && !defined(CATCH_NOEXCEPT)
+#  define CATCH_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#  define CATCH_NOEXCEPT_IS(x) noexcept(x)
+#else
+#  define CATCH_NOEXCEPT throw()
+#  define CATCH_NOEXCEPT_IS(x)
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class NonCopyable {
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+        NonCopyable( NonCopyable const& )              = delete;
+        NonCopyable( NonCopyable && )                  = delete;
+        NonCopyable& operator = ( NonCopyable const& ) = delete;
+        NonCopyable& operator = ( NonCopyable && )     = delete;
+#else
+        NonCopyable( NonCopyable const& info );
+        NonCopyable& operator = ( NonCopyable const& );
+#endif
+
+    protected:
+        NonCopyable() {}
+        virtual ~NonCopyable();
+    };
+
+    class SafeBool {
+    public:
+        typedef void (SafeBool::*type)() const;
+
+        static type makeSafe( bool value ) {
+            return value ? &SafeBool::trueValue : 0;
+        }
+    private:
+        void trueValue() const {}
+    };
+
+    template<typename ContainerT>
+    inline void deleteAll( ContainerT& container ) {
+        typename ContainerT::const_iterator it = container.begin();
+        typename ContainerT::const_iterator itEnd = container.end();
+        for(; it != itEnd; ++it )
+            delete *it;
+    }
+    template<typename AssociativeContainerT>
+    inline void deleteAllValues( AssociativeContainerT& container ) {
+        typename AssociativeContainerT::const_iterator it = container.begin();
+        typename AssociativeContainerT::const_iterator itEnd = container.end();
+        for(; it != itEnd; ++it )
+            delete it->second;
+    }
+
+    bool startsWith( std::string const& s, std::string const& prefix );
+    bool endsWith( std::string const& s, std::string const& suffix );
+    bool contains( std::string const& s, std::string const& infix );
+    void toLowerInPlace( std::string& s );
+    std::string toLower( std::string const& s );
+    std::string trim( std::string const& str );
+    bool replaceInPlace( std::string& str, std::string const& replaceThis, std::string const& withThis );
+
+    struct pluralise {
+        pluralise( std::size_t count, std::string const& label );
+
+        friend std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& os, pluralise const& pluraliser );
+
+        std::size_t m_count;
+        std::string m_label;
+    };
+
+    struct SourceLineInfo {
+
+        SourceLineInfo();
+        SourceLineInfo( char const* _file, std::size_t _line );
+        SourceLineInfo( SourceLineInfo const& other );
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+        SourceLineInfo( SourceLineInfo && )                  = default;
+        SourceLineInfo& operator = ( SourceLineInfo const& ) = default;
+        SourceLineInfo& operator = ( SourceLineInfo && )     = default;
+#  endif
+        bool empty() const;
+        bool operator == ( SourceLineInfo const& other ) const;
+        bool operator < ( SourceLineInfo const& other ) const;
+
+        std::string file;
+        std::size_t line;
+    };
+
+    std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& os, SourceLineInfo const& info );
+
+    // This is just here to avoid compiler warnings with macro constants and boolean literals
+    inline bool isTrue( bool value ){ return value; }
+    inline bool alwaysTrue() { return true; }
+    inline bool alwaysFalse() { return false; }
+
+    void throwLogicError( std::string const& message, SourceLineInfo const& locationInfo );
+
+    // Use this in variadic streaming macros to allow
+    //    >> +StreamEndStop
+    // as well as
+    //    >> stuff +StreamEndStop
+    struct StreamEndStop {
+        std::string operator+() {
+            return std::string();
+        }
+    };
+    template<typename T>
+    T const& operator + ( T const& value, StreamEndStop ) {
+        return value;
+    }
+}
+
+#define CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ::Catch::SourceLineInfo( __FILE__, static_cast<std::size_t>( __LINE__ ) )
+#define CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR( msg ) ::Catch::throwLogicError( msg, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO );
+
+#include <ostream>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class NotImplementedException : public std::exception
+    {
+    public:
+        NotImplementedException( SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo );
+        NotImplementedException( NotImplementedException const& ) {}
+
+        virtual ~NotImplementedException() CATCH_NOEXCEPT {}
+
+        virtual const char* what() const CATCH_NOEXCEPT;
+
+    private:
+        std::string m_what;
+        SourceLineInfo m_lineInfo;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define CATCH_NOT_IMPLEMENTED throw Catch::NotImplementedException( CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO )
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_context.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_CONTEXT_H_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_interfaces_generators.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_GENERATORS_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct IGeneratorInfo {
+        virtual ~IGeneratorInfo();
+        virtual bool moveNext() = 0;
+        virtual std::size_t getCurrentIndex() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct IGeneratorsForTest {
+        virtual ~IGeneratorsForTest();
+
+        virtual IGeneratorInfo& getGeneratorInfo( std::string const& fileInfo, std::size_t size ) = 0;
+        virtual bool moveNext() = 0;
+    };
+
+    IGeneratorsForTest* createGeneratorsForTest();
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_ptr.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_PTR_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    // An intrusive reference counting smart pointer.
+    // T must implement addRef() and release() methods
+    // typically implementing the IShared interface
+    template<typename T>
+    class Ptr {
+    public:
+        Ptr() : m_p( NULL ){}
+        Ptr( T* p ) : m_p( p ){
+            if( m_p )
+                m_p->addRef();
+        }
+        Ptr( Ptr const& other ) : m_p( other.m_p ){
+            if( m_p )
+                m_p->addRef();
+        }
+        ~Ptr(){
+            if( m_p )
+                m_p->release();
+        }
+        void reset() {
+            if( m_p )
+                m_p->release();
+            m_p = NULL;
+        }
+        Ptr& operator = ( T* p ){
+            Ptr temp( p );
+            swap( temp );
+            return *this;
+        }
+        Ptr& operator = ( Ptr const& other ){
+            Ptr temp( other );
+            swap( temp );
+            return *this;
+        }
+        void swap( Ptr& other ) { std::swap( m_p, other.m_p ); }
+        T* get() { return m_p; }
+        const T* get() const{ return m_p; }
+        T& operator*() const { return *m_p; }
+        T* operator->() const { return m_p; }
+        bool operator !() const { return m_p == NULL; }
+        operator SafeBool::type() const { return SafeBool::makeSafe( m_p != NULL ); }
+
+    private:
+        T* m_p;
+    };
+
+    struct IShared : NonCopyable {
+        virtual ~IShared();
+        virtual void addRef() const = 0;
+        virtual void release() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    template<typename T = IShared>
+    struct SharedImpl : T {
+
+        SharedImpl() : m_rc( 0 ){}
+
+        virtual void addRef() const {
+            ++m_rc;
+        }
+        virtual void release() const {
+            if( --m_rc == 0 )
+                delete this;
+        }
+
+        mutable unsigned int m_rc;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TestCase;
+    class Stream;
+    struct IResultCapture;
+    struct IRunner;
+    struct IGeneratorsForTest;
+    struct IConfig;
+
+    struct IContext
+    {
+        virtual ~IContext();
+
+        virtual IResultCapture* getResultCapture() = 0;
+        virtual IRunner* getRunner() = 0;
+        virtual size_t getGeneratorIndex( std::string const& fileInfo, size_t totalSize ) = 0;
+        virtual bool advanceGeneratorsForCurrentTest() = 0;
+        virtual Ptr<IConfig const> getConfig() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct IMutableContext : IContext
+    {
+        virtual ~IMutableContext();
+        virtual void setResultCapture( IResultCapture* resultCapture ) = 0;
+        virtual void setRunner( IRunner* runner ) = 0;
+        virtual void setConfig( Ptr<IConfig const> const& config ) = 0;
+    };
+
+    IContext& getCurrentContext();
+    IMutableContext& getCurrentMutableContext();
+    void cleanUpContext();
+    Stream createStream( std::string const& streamName );
+
+}
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_test_registry.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEST_REGISTRY_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_interfaces_testcase.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_TESTCASE_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TestSpec;
+
+    struct ITestCase : IShared {
+        virtual void invoke () const = 0;
+    protected:
+        virtual ~ITestCase();
+    };
+
+    class TestCase;
+    struct IConfig;
+
+    struct ITestCaseRegistry {
+        virtual ~ITestCaseRegistry();
+        virtual std::vector<TestCase> const& getAllTests() const = 0;
+        virtual void getFilteredTests( TestSpec const& testSpec, IConfig const& config, std::vector<TestCase>& matchingTestCases, bool negated = false ) const = 0;
+
+    };
+}
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+template<typename C>
+class MethodTestCase : public SharedImpl<ITestCase> {
+
+public:
+    MethodTestCase( void (C::*method)() ) : m_method( method ) {}
+
+    virtual void invoke() const {
+        C obj;
+        (obj.*m_method)();
+    }
+
+private:
+    virtual ~MethodTestCase() {}
+
+    void (C::*m_method)();
+};
+
+typedef void(*TestFunction)();
+
+struct NameAndDesc {
+    NameAndDesc( const char* _name = "", const char* _description= "" )
+    : name( _name ), description( _description )
+    {}
+
+    const char* name;
+    const char* description;
+};
+
+struct AutoReg {
+
+    AutoReg(    TestFunction function,
+                SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo,
+                NameAndDesc const& nameAndDesc );
+
+    template<typename C>
+    AutoReg(    void (C::*method)(),
+                char const* className,
+                NameAndDesc const& nameAndDesc,
+                SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo ) {
+        registerTestCase(   new MethodTestCase<C>( method ),
+                            className,
+                            nameAndDesc,
+                            lineInfo );
+    }
+
+    void registerTestCase(  ITestCase* testCase,
+                            char const* className,
+                            NameAndDesc const& nameAndDesc,
+                            SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo );
+
+    ~AutoReg();
+
+private:
+    AutoReg( AutoReg const& );
+    void operator= ( AutoReg const& );
+};
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( ... ) \
+        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )(); \
+        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ) ); }\
+        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )()
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( QualifiedMethod, ... ) \
+        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &QualifiedMethod, "&" #QualifiedMethod, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); }
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( ClassName, ... )\
+        namespace{ \
+            struct INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ) : ClassName{ \
+                void test(); \
+            }; \
+            Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar ) ( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test, #ClassName, Catch::NameAndDesc( __VA_ARGS__ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); \
+        } \
+        void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test()
+
+#else
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( Name, Desc ) \
+        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )(); \
+        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, Catch::NameAndDesc( Name, Desc ) ); }\
+        static void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )()
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( QualifiedMethod, Name, Desc ) \
+        namespace{ Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar )( &QualifiedMethod, "&" #QualifiedMethod, Catch::NameAndDesc( Name, Desc ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); }
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( ClassName, TestName, Desc )\
+        namespace{ \
+            struct INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ ) : ClassName{ \
+                void test(); \
+            }; \
+            Catch::AutoReg INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( autoRegistrar ) ( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test, #ClassName, Catch::NameAndDesc( TestName, Desc ), CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); \
+        } \
+        void INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( ____C_A_T_C_H____T_E_S_T____ )::test()
+
+#endif
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_capture.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_CAPTURE_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_result_builder.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_RESULT_BUILDER_H_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_result_type.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_RESULT_TYPE_H_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    // ResultWas::OfType enum
+    struct ResultWas { enum OfType {
+        Unknown = -1,
+        Ok = 0,
+        Info = 1,
+        Warning = 2,
+
+        FailureBit = 0x10,
+
+        ExpressionFailed = FailureBit | 1,
+        ExplicitFailure = FailureBit | 2,
+
+        Exception = 0x100 | FailureBit,
+
+        ThrewException = Exception | 1,
+        DidntThrowException = Exception | 2,
+
+        FatalErrorCondition = 0x200 | FailureBit
+
+    }; };
+
+    inline bool isOk( ResultWas::OfType resultType ) {
+        return ( resultType & ResultWas::FailureBit ) == 0;
+    }
+    inline bool isJustInfo( int flags ) {
+        return flags == ResultWas::Info;
+    }
+
+    // ResultDisposition::Flags enum
+    struct ResultDisposition { enum Flags {
+        Normal = 0x01,
+
+        ContinueOnFailure = 0x02,   // Failures fail test, but execution continues
+        FalseTest = 0x04,           // Prefix expression with !
+        SuppressFail = 0x08         // Failures are reported but do not fail the test
+    }; };
+
+    inline ResultDisposition::Flags operator | ( ResultDisposition::Flags lhs, ResultDisposition::Flags rhs ) {
+        return static_cast<ResultDisposition::Flags>( static_cast<int>( lhs ) | static_cast<int>( rhs ) );
+    }
+
+    inline bool shouldContinueOnFailure( int flags )    { return ( flags & ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure ) != 0; }
+    inline bool isFalseTest( int flags )                { return ( flags & ResultDisposition::FalseTest ) != 0; }
+    inline bool shouldSuppressFailure( int flags )      { return ( flags & ResultDisposition::SuppressFail ) != 0; }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_assertionresult.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_ASSERTIONRESULT_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct AssertionInfo
+    {
+        AssertionInfo() {}
+        AssertionInfo(  std::string const& _macroName,
+                        SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo,
+                        std::string const& _capturedExpression,
+                        ResultDisposition::Flags _resultDisposition );
+
+        std::string macroName;
+        SourceLineInfo lineInfo;
+        std::string capturedExpression;
+        ResultDisposition::Flags resultDisposition;
+    };
+
+    struct AssertionResultData
+    {
+        AssertionResultData() : resultType( ResultWas::Unknown ) {}
+
+        std::string reconstructedExpression;
+        std::string message;
+        ResultWas::OfType resultType;
+    };
+
+    class AssertionResult {
+    public:
+        AssertionResult();
+        AssertionResult( AssertionInfo const& info, AssertionResultData const& data );
+        ~AssertionResult();
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+         AssertionResult( AssertionResult const& )              = default;
+         AssertionResult( AssertionResult && )                  = default;
+         AssertionResult& operator = ( AssertionResult const& ) = default;
+         AssertionResult& operator = ( AssertionResult && )     = default;
+#  endif
+
+        bool isOk() const;
+        bool succeeded() const;
+        ResultWas::OfType getResultType() const;
+        bool hasExpression() const;
+        bool hasMessage() const;
+        std::string getExpression() const;
+        std::string getExpressionInMacro() const;
+        bool hasExpandedExpression() const;
+        std::string getExpandedExpression() const;
+        std::string getMessage() const;
+        SourceLineInfo getSourceInfo() const;
+        std::string getTestMacroName() const;
+
+    protected:
+        AssertionInfo m_info;
+        AssertionResultData m_resultData;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct TestFailureException{};
+
+    template<typename T> class ExpressionLhs;
+
+    struct STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison;
+
+    struct CopyableStream {
+        CopyableStream() {}
+        CopyableStream( CopyableStream const& other ) {
+            oss << other.oss.str();
+        }
+        CopyableStream& operator=( CopyableStream const& other ) {
+            oss.str("");
+            oss << other.oss.str();
+            return *this;
+        }
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+    };
+
+    class ResultBuilder {
+    public:
+        ResultBuilder(  char const* macroName,
+                        SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo,
+                        char const* capturedExpression,
+                        ResultDisposition::Flags resultDisposition );
+
+        template<typename T>
+        ExpressionLhs<T const&> operator->* ( T const& operand );
+        ExpressionLhs<bool> operator->* ( bool value );
+
+        template<typename T>
+        ResultBuilder& operator << ( T const& value ) {
+            m_stream.oss << value;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator && ( RhsT const& );
+        template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator || ( RhsT const& );
+
+        ResultBuilder& setResultType( ResultWas::OfType result );
+        ResultBuilder& setResultType( bool result );
+        ResultBuilder& setLhs( std::string const& lhs );
+        ResultBuilder& setRhs( std::string const& rhs );
+        ResultBuilder& setOp( std::string const& op );
+
+        void endExpression();
+
+        std::string reconstructExpression() const;
+        AssertionResult build() const;
+
+        void useActiveException( ResultDisposition::Flags resultDisposition = ResultDisposition::Normal );
+        void captureResult( ResultWas::OfType resultType );
+        void captureExpression();
+        void react();
+        bool shouldDebugBreak() const;
+        bool allowThrows() const;
+
+    private:
+        AssertionInfo m_assertionInfo;
+        AssertionResultData m_data;
+        struct ExprComponents {
+            ExprComponents() : testFalse( false ) {}
+            bool testFalse;
+            std::string lhs, rhs, op;
+        } m_exprComponents;
+        CopyableStream m_stream;
+
+        bool m_shouldDebugBreak;
+        bool m_shouldThrow;
+    };
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+// Include after due to circular dependency:
+// #included from: catch_expression_lhs.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_EXPRESSION_LHS_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_evaluate.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_EVALUATE_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable:4389) // '==' : signed/unsigned mismatch
+#endif
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+namespace Catch {
+namespace Internal {
+
+    enum Operator {
+        IsEqualTo,
+        IsNotEqualTo,
+        IsLessThan,
+        IsGreaterThan,
+        IsLessThanOrEqualTo,
+        IsGreaterThanOrEqualTo
+    };
+
+    template<Operator Op> struct OperatorTraits             { static const char* getName(){ return "*error*"; } };
+    template<> struct OperatorTraits<IsEqualTo>             { static const char* getName(){ return "=="; } };
+    template<> struct OperatorTraits<IsNotEqualTo>          { static const char* getName(){ return "!="; } };
+    template<> struct OperatorTraits<IsLessThan>            { static const char* getName(){ return "<"; } };
+    template<> struct OperatorTraits<IsGreaterThan>         { static const char* getName(){ return ">"; } };
+    template<> struct OperatorTraits<IsLessThanOrEqualTo>   { static const char* getName(){ return "<="; } };
+    template<> struct OperatorTraits<IsGreaterThanOrEqualTo>{ static const char* getName(){ return ">="; } };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    inline T& opCast(T const& t) { return const_cast<T&>(t); }
+
+// nullptr_t support based on pull request #154 from Konstantin Baumann
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+    inline std::nullptr_t opCast(std::nullptr_t) { return nullptr; }
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+
+    // So the compare overloads can be operator agnostic we convey the operator as a template
+    // enum, which is used to specialise an Evaluator for doing the comparison.
+    template<typename T1, typename T2, Operator Op>
+    class Evaluator{};
+
+    template<typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct Evaluator<T1, T2, IsEqualTo> {
+        static bool evaluate( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs) {
+            return opCast( lhs ) ==  opCast( rhs );
+        }
+    };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct Evaluator<T1, T2, IsNotEqualTo> {
+        static bool evaluate( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs ) {
+            return opCast( lhs ) != opCast( rhs );
+        }
+    };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct Evaluator<T1, T2, IsLessThan> {
+        static bool evaluate( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs ) {
+            return opCast( lhs ) < opCast( rhs );
+        }
+    };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct Evaluator<T1, T2, IsGreaterThan> {
+        static bool evaluate( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs ) {
+            return opCast( lhs ) > opCast( rhs );
+        }
+    };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct Evaluator<T1, T2, IsGreaterThanOrEqualTo> {
+        static bool evaluate( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs ) {
+            return opCast( lhs ) >= opCast( rhs );
+        }
+    };
+    template<typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct Evaluator<T1, T2, IsLessThanOrEqualTo> {
+        static bool evaluate( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs ) {
+            return opCast( lhs ) <= opCast( rhs );
+        }
+    };
+
+    template<Operator Op, typename T1, typename T2>
+    bool applyEvaluator( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs ) {
+        return Evaluator<T1, T2, Op>::evaluate( lhs, rhs );
+    }
+
+    // This level of indirection allows us to specialise for integer types
+    // to avoid signed/ unsigned warnings
+
+    // "base" overload
+    template<Operator Op, typename T1, typename T2>
+    bool compare( T1 const& lhs, T2 const& rhs ) {
+        return Evaluator<T1, T2, Op>::evaluate( lhs, rhs );
+    }
+
+    // unsigned X to int
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( unsigned int lhs, int rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( lhs, static_cast<unsigned int>( rhs ) );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( unsigned long lhs, int rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( lhs, static_cast<unsigned int>( rhs ) );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( unsigned char lhs, int rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( lhs, static_cast<unsigned int>( rhs ) );
+    }
+
+    // unsigned X to long
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( unsigned int lhs, long rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( lhs, static_cast<unsigned long>( rhs ) );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( unsigned long lhs, long rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( lhs, static_cast<unsigned long>( rhs ) );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( unsigned char lhs, long rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( lhs, static_cast<unsigned long>( rhs ) );
+    }
+
+    // int to unsigned X
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( int lhs, unsigned int rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( static_cast<unsigned int>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( int lhs, unsigned long rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( static_cast<unsigned int>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( int lhs, unsigned char rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( static_cast<unsigned int>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+
+    // long to unsigned X
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( long lhs, unsigned int rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( static_cast<unsigned long>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( long lhs, unsigned long rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( static_cast<unsigned long>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op> bool compare( long lhs, unsigned char rhs ) {
+        return applyEvaluator<Op>( static_cast<unsigned long>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+
+    // pointer to long (when comparing against NULL)
+    template<Operator Op, typename T> bool compare( long lhs, T* rhs ) {
+        return Evaluator<T*, T*, Op>::evaluate( reinterpret_cast<T*>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op, typename T> bool compare( T* lhs, long rhs ) {
+        return Evaluator<T*, T*, Op>::evaluate( lhs, reinterpret_cast<T*>( rhs ) );
+    }
+
+    // pointer to int (when comparing against NULL)
+    template<Operator Op, typename T> bool compare( int lhs, T* rhs ) {
+        return Evaluator<T*, T*, Op>::evaluate( reinterpret_cast<T*>( lhs ), rhs );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op, typename T> bool compare( T* lhs, int rhs ) {
+        return Evaluator<T*, T*, Op>::evaluate( lhs, reinterpret_cast<T*>( rhs ) );
+    }
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+    // pointer to nullptr_t (when comparing against nullptr)
+    template<Operator Op, typename T> bool compare( std::nullptr_t, T* rhs ) {
+        return Evaluator<T*, T*, Op>::evaluate( NULL, rhs );
+    }
+    template<Operator Op, typename T> bool compare( T* lhs, std::nullptr_t ) {
+        return Evaluator<T*, T*, Op>::evaluate( lhs, NULL );
+    }
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+
+} // end of namespace Internal
+} // end of namespace Catch
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+// #included from: catch_tostring.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TOSTRING_H_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_sfinae.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_SFINAE_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// Try to detect if the current compiler supports SFINAE
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct TrueType {
+        static const bool value = true;
+        typedef void Enable;
+        char sizer[1];
+    };
+    struct FalseType {
+        static const bool value = false;
+        typedef void Disable;
+        char sizer[2];
+    };
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE
+
+    template<bool> struct NotABooleanExpression;
+
+    template<bool c> struct If : NotABooleanExpression<c> {};
+    template<> struct If<true> : TrueType {};
+    template<> struct If<false> : FalseType {};
+
+    template<int size> struct SizedIf;
+    template<> struct SizedIf<sizeof(TrueType)> : TrueType {};
+    template<> struct SizedIf<sizeof(FalseType)> : FalseType {};
+
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <limits>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cstddef>
+
+#ifdef __OBJC__
+// #included from: catch_objc_arc.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_OBJC_ARC_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
+
+#ifdef __has_feature
+#define CATCH_ARC_ENABLED __has_feature(objc_arc)
+#else
+#define CATCH_ARC_ENABLED 0
+#endif
+
+void arcSafeRelease( NSObject* obj );
+id performOptionalSelector( id obj, SEL sel );
+
+#if !CATCH_ARC_ENABLED
+inline void arcSafeRelease( NSObject* obj ) {
+    [obj release];
+}
+inline id performOptionalSelector( id obj, SEL sel ) {
+    if( [obj respondsToSelector: sel] )
+        return [obj performSelector: sel];
+    return nil;
+}
+#define CATCH_UNSAFE_UNRETAINED
+#define CATCH_ARC_STRONG
+#else
+inline void arcSafeRelease( NSObject* ){}
+inline id performOptionalSelector( id obj, SEL sel ) {
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
+#endif
+    if( [obj respondsToSelector: sel] )
+        return [obj performSelector: sel];
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+    return nil;
+}
+#define CATCH_UNSAFE_UNRETAINED __unsafe_unretained
+#define CATCH_ARC_STRONG __strong
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_TUPLE
+#include <tuple>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_IS_ENUM
+#include <type_traits>
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+// Why we're here.
+template<typename T>
+std::string toString( T const& value );
+
+// Built in overloads
+
+std::string toString( std::string const& value );
+std::string toString( std::wstring const& value );
+std::string toString( const char* const value );
+std::string toString( char* const value );
+std::string toString( const wchar_t* const value );
+std::string toString( wchar_t* const value );
+std::string toString( int value );
+std::string toString( unsigned long value );
+std::string toString( unsigned int value );
+std::string toString( const double value );
+std::string toString( const float value );
+std::string toString( bool value );
+std::string toString( char value );
+std::string toString( signed char value );
+std::string toString( unsigned char value );
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+std::string toString( std::nullptr_t );
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __OBJC__
+    std::string toString( NSString const * const& nsstring );
+    std::string toString( NSString * CATCH_ARC_STRONG const& nsstring );
+    std::string toString( NSObject* const& nsObject );
+#endif
+
+namespace Detail {
+
+    extern std::string unprintableString;
+
+// SFINAE is currently disabled by default for all compilers.
+// If the non SFINAE version of IsStreamInsertable is ambiguous for you
+// and your compiler supports SFINAE, try #defining CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_SFINAE
+
+    template<typename T>
+    class IsStreamInsertableHelper {
+        template<int N> struct TrueIfSizeable : TrueType {};
+
+        template<typename T2>
+        static TrueIfSizeable<sizeof((*(std::ostream*)0) << *((T2 const*)0))> dummy(T2*);
+        static FalseType dummy(...);
+
+    public:
+        typedef SizedIf<sizeof(dummy((T*)0))> type;
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct IsStreamInsertable : IsStreamInsertableHelper<T>::type {};
+
+#else
+
+    struct BorgType {
+        template<typename T> BorgType( T const& );
+    };
+
+    TrueType& testStreamable( std::ostream& );
+    FalseType testStreamable( FalseType );
+
+    FalseType operator<<( std::ostream const&, BorgType const& );
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct IsStreamInsertable {
+        static std::ostream &s;
+        static T  const&t;
+        enum { value = sizeof( testStreamable(s << t) ) == sizeof( TrueType ) };
+    };
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_IS_ENUM)
+    template<typename T,
+             bool IsEnum = std::is_enum<T>::value
+             >
+    struct EnumStringMaker
+    {
+        static std::string convert( T const& ) { return unprintableString; }
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct EnumStringMaker<T,true>
+    {
+        static std::string convert( T const& v )
+        {
+            return ::Catch::toString(
+                static_cast<typename std::underlying_type<T>::type>(v)
+                );
+        }
+    };
+#endif
+    template<bool C>
+    struct StringMakerBase {
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_IS_ENUM)
+        template<typename T>
+        static std::string convert( T const& v )
+        {
+            return EnumStringMaker<T>::convert( v );
+        }
+#else
+        template<typename T>
+        static std::string convert( T const& ) { return unprintableString; }
+#endif
+    };
+
+    template<>
+    struct StringMakerBase<true> {
+        template<typename T>
+        static std::string convert( T const& _value ) {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << _value;
+            return oss.str();
+        }
+    };
+
+    std::string rawMemoryToString( const void *object, std::size_t size );
+
+    template<typename T>
+    inline std::string rawMemoryToString( const T& object ) {
+      return rawMemoryToString( &object, sizeof(object) );
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Detail
+
+template<typename T>
+struct StringMaker :
+    Detail::StringMakerBase<Detail::IsStreamInsertable<T>::value> {};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct StringMaker<T*> {
+    template<typename U>
+    static std::string convert( U* p ) {
+        if( !p )
+            return INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY( NULL );
+        else
+            return Detail::rawMemoryToString( p );
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename R, typename C>
+struct StringMaker<R C::*> {
+    static std::string convert( R C::* p ) {
+        if( !p )
+            return INTERNAL_CATCH_STRINGIFY( NULL );
+        else
+            return Detail::rawMemoryToString( p );
+    }
+};
+
+namespace Detail {
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    std::string rangeToString( InputIterator first, InputIterator last );
+}
+
+//template<typename T, typename Allocator>
+//struct StringMaker<std::vector<T, Allocator> > {
+//    static std::string convert( std::vector<T,Allocator> const& v ) {
+//        return Detail::rangeToString( v.begin(), v.end() );
+//    }
+//};
+
+template<typename T, typename Allocator>
+std::string toString( std::vector<T,Allocator> const& v ) {
+    return Detail::rangeToString( v.begin(), v.end() );
+}
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_TUPLE
+
+// toString for tuples
+namespace TupleDetail {
+  template<
+      typename Tuple,
+      std::size_t N = 0,
+      bool = (N < std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value)
+      >
+  struct ElementPrinter {
+      static void print( const Tuple& tuple, std::ostream& os )
+      {
+          os << ( N ? ", " : " " )
+             << Catch::toString(std::get<N>(tuple));
+          ElementPrinter<Tuple,N+1>::print(tuple,os);
+      }
+  };
+
+  template<
+      typename Tuple,
+      std::size_t N
+      >
+  struct ElementPrinter<Tuple,N,false> {
+      static void print( const Tuple&, std::ostream& ) {}
+  };
+
+}
+
+template<typename ...Types>
+struct StringMaker<std::tuple<Types...>> {
+
+    static std::string convert( const std::tuple<Types...>& tuple )
+    {
+        std::ostringstream os;
+        os << '{';
+        TupleDetail::ElementPrinter<std::tuple<Types...>>::print( tuple, os );
+        os << " }";
+        return os.str();
+    }
+};
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_TUPLE
+
+namespace Detail {
+    template<typename T>
+    std::string makeString( T const& value ) {
+        return StringMaker<T>::convert( value );
+    }
+} // end namespace Detail
+
+/// \brief converts any type to a string
+///
+/// The default template forwards on to ostringstream - except when an
+/// ostringstream overload does not exist - in which case it attempts to detect
+/// that and writes {?}.
+/// Overload (not specialise) this template for custom typs that you don't want
+/// to provide an ostream overload for.
+template<typename T>
+std::string toString( T const& value ) {
+    return StringMaker<T>::convert( value );
+}
+
+    namespace Detail {
+    template<typename InputIterator>
+    std::string rangeToString( InputIterator first, InputIterator last ) {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << "{ ";
+        if( first != last ) {
+            oss << Catch::toString( *first );
+            for( ++first ; first != last ; ++first )
+                oss << ", " << Catch::toString( *first );
+        }
+        oss << " }";
+        return oss.str();
+    }
+}
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+// Wraps the LHS of an expression and captures the operator and RHS (if any) -
+// wrapping them all in a ResultBuilder object
+template<typename T>
+class ExpressionLhs {
+    ExpressionLhs& operator = ( ExpressionLhs const& );
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+    ExpressionLhs& operator = ( ExpressionLhs && ) = delete;
+#  endif
+
+public:
+    ExpressionLhs( ResultBuilder& rb, T lhs ) : m_rb( rb ), m_lhs( lhs ) {}
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+    ExpressionLhs( ExpressionLhs const& ) = default;
+    ExpressionLhs( ExpressionLhs && )     = default;
+#  endif
+
+    template<typename RhsT>
+    ResultBuilder& operator == ( RhsT const& rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsEqualTo>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    template<typename RhsT>
+    ResultBuilder& operator != ( RhsT const& rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsNotEqualTo>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    template<typename RhsT>
+    ResultBuilder& operator < ( RhsT const& rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsLessThan>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    template<typename RhsT>
+    ResultBuilder& operator > ( RhsT const& rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsGreaterThan>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    template<typename RhsT>
+    ResultBuilder& operator <= ( RhsT const& rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsLessThanOrEqualTo>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    template<typename RhsT>
+    ResultBuilder& operator >= ( RhsT const& rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsGreaterThanOrEqualTo>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    ResultBuilder& operator == ( bool rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsEqualTo>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    ResultBuilder& operator != ( bool rhs ) {
+        return captureExpression<Internal::IsNotEqualTo>( rhs );
+    }
+
+    void endExpression() {
+        bool value = m_lhs ? true : false;
+        m_rb
+            .setLhs( Catch::toString( value ) )
+            .setResultType( value )
+            .endExpression();
+    }
+
+    // Only simple binary expressions are allowed on the LHS.
+    // If more complex compositions are required then place the sub expression in parentheses
+    template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator + ( RhsT const& );
+    template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator - ( RhsT const& );
+    template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator / ( RhsT const& );
+    template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator * ( RhsT const& );
+    template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator && ( RhsT const& );
+    template<typename RhsT> STATIC_ASSERT_Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison& operator || ( RhsT const& );
+
+private:
+    template<Internal::Operator Op, typename RhsT>
+    ResultBuilder& captureExpression( RhsT const& rhs ) {
+        return m_rb
+            .setResultType( Internal::compare<Op>( m_lhs, rhs ) )
+            .setLhs( Catch::toString( m_lhs ) )
+            .setRhs( Catch::toString( rhs ) )
+            .setOp( Internal::OperatorTraits<Op>::getName() );
+    }
+
+private:
+    ResultBuilder& m_rb;
+    T m_lhs;
+};
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    template<typename T>
+    inline ExpressionLhs<T const&> ResultBuilder::operator->* ( T const& operand ) {
+        return ExpressionLhs<T const&>( *this, operand );
+    }
+
+    inline ExpressionLhs<bool> ResultBuilder::operator->* ( bool value ) {
+        return ExpressionLhs<bool>( *this, value );
+    }
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_message.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_MESSAGE_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct MessageInfo {
+        MessageInfo(    std::string const& _macroName,
+                        SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo,
+                        ResultWas::OfType _type );
+
+        std::string macroName;
+        SourceLineInfo lineInfo;
+        ResultWas::OfType type;
+        std::string message;
+        unsigned int sequence;
+
+        bool operator == ( MessageInfo const& other ) const {
+            return sequence == other.sequence;
+        }
+        bool operator < ( MessageInfo const& other ) const {
+            return sequence < other.sequence;
+        }
+    private:
+        static unsigned int globalCount;
+    };
+
+    struct MessageBuilder {
+        MessageBuilder( std::string const& macroName,
+                        SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo,
+                        ResultWas::OfType type )
+        : m_info( macroName, lineInfo, type )
+        {}
+
+        template<typename T>
+        MessageBuilder& operator << ( T const& value ) {
+            m_stream << value;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        MessageInfo m_info;
+        std::ostringstream m_stream;
+    };
+
+    class ScopedMessage {
+    public:
+        ScopedMessage( MessageBuilder const& builder );
+        ScopedMessage( ScopedMessage const& other );
+        ~ScopedMessage();
+
+        MessageInfo m_info;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_interfaces_capture.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_CAPTURE_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TestCase;
+    class AssertionResult;
+    struct AssertionInfo;
+    struct SectionInfo;
+    struct MessageInfo;
+    class ScopedMessageBuilder;
+    struct Counts;
+
+    struct IResultCapture {
+
+        virtual ~IResultCapture();
+
+        virtual void assertionEnded( AssertionResult const& result ) = 0;
+        virtual bool sectionStarted(    SectionInfo const& sectionInfo,
+                                        Counts& assertions ) = 0;
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionInfo const& name, Counts const& assertions, double _durationInSeconds ) = 0;
+        virtual void pushScopedMessage( MessageInfo const& message ) = 0;
+        virtual void popScopedMessage( MessageInfo const& message ) = 0;
+
+        virtual std::string getCurrentTestName() const = 0;
+        virtual const AssertionResult* getLastResult() const = 0;
+
+        virtual void handleFatalErrorCondition( std::string const& message ) = 0;
+    };
+
+    IResultCapture& getResultCapture();
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_debugger.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_DEBUGGER_H_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_platform.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_PLATFORM_H_INCLUDED
+
+#if defined(__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED)
+#define CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC
+#elif  defined(__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED)
+#define CATCH_PLATFORM_IPHONE
+#elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+#endif
+
+#include <csignal>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch{
+
+    bool isDebuggerActive();
+    void writeToDebugConsole( std::string const& text );
+}
+
+#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC
+
+    // The following code snippet based on:
+    // http://cocoawithlove.com/2008/03/break-into-debugger.html
+    #ifdef DEBUG
+        #if defined(__ppc64__) || defined(__ppc__)
+            #define CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() \
+                if( Catch::isDebuggerActive() ) { \
+                    __asm__("li r0, 20\nsc\nnop\nli r0, 37\nli r4, 2\nsc\nnop\n" \
+                    : : : "memory","r0","r3","r4" ); \
+                }
+        #else
+            #define CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() if( Catch::isDebuggerActive() ) {__asm__("int $3\n" : : );}
+        #endif
+    #endif
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+    #define CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() if( Catch::isDebuggerActive() ) { __debugbreak(); }
+#elif defined(__MINGW32__)
+    extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) void __stdcall DebugBreak();
+    #define CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() if( Catch::isDebuggerActive() ) { DebugBreak(); }
+#else
+    #define CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() raise(SIGTRAP);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER
+#define CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() Catch::alwaysTrue();
+#endif
+
+// #included from: catch_interfaces_runner.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_RUNNER_H_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+    class TestCase;
+
+    struct IRunner {
+        virtual ~IRunner();
+        virtual bool aborting() const = 0;
+    };
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// In the event of a failure works out if the debugger needs to be invoked
+// and/or an exception thrown and takes appropriate action.
+// This needs to be done as a macro so the debugger will stop in the user
+// source code rather than in Catch library code
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( resultBuilder ) \
+    if( resultBuilder.shouldDebugBreak() ) CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER(); \
+    resultBuilder.react();
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
+    do { \
+        Catch::ResultBuilder __catchResult( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, #expr, resultDisposition ); \
+        try { \
+            ( __catchResult->*expr ).endExpression(); \
+        } \
+        catch( ... ) { \
+            __catchResult.useActiveException( Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal ); \
+        } \
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
+    } while( Catch::isTrue( false && (expr) ) ) // expr here is never evaluated at runtime but it forces the compiler to give it a look
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_IF( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
+    INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ); \
+    if( Catch::getResultCapture().getLastResult()->succeeded() )
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_ELSE( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
+    INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ); \
+    if( !Catch::getResultCapture().getLastResult()->succeeded() )
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_NO_THROW( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
+    do { \
+        Catch::ResultBuilder __catchResult( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, #expr, resultDisposition ); \
+        try { \
+            expr; \
+            __catchResult.captureResult( Catch::ResultWas::Ok ); \
+        } \
+        catch( ... ) { \
+            __catchResult.useActiveException( resultDisposition ); \
+        } \
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
+    } while( Catch::alwaysFalse() )
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS( expr, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
+    do { \
+        Catch::ResultBuilder __catchResult( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, #expr, resultDisposition ); \
+        if( __catchResult.allowThrows() ) \
+            try { \
+                expr; \
+                __catchResult.captureResult( Catch::ResultWas::DidntThrowException ); \
+            } \
+            catch( ... ) { \
+                __catchResult.captureResult( Catch::ResultWas::Ok ); \
+            } \
+        else \
+            __catchResult.captureResult( Catch::ResultWas::Ok ); \
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
+    } while( Catch::alwaysFalse() )
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
+    do { \
+        Catch::ResultBuilder __catchResult( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, #expr, resultDisposition ); \
+        if( __catchResult.allowThrows() ) \
+            try { \
+                expr; \
+                __catchResult.captureResult( Catch::ResultWas::DidntThrowException ); \
+            } \
+            catch( exceptionType ) { \
+                __catchResult.captureResult( Catch::ResultWas::Ok ); \
+            } \
+            catch( ... ) { \
+                __catchResult.useActiveException( resultDisposition ); \
+            } \
+        else \
+            __catchResult.captureResult( Catch::ResultWas::Ok ); \
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
+    } while( Catch::alwaysFalse() )
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( messageType, resultDisposition, macroName, ... ) \
+        do { \
+            Catch::ResultBuilder __catchResult( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, "", resultDisposition ); \
+            __catchResult << __VA_ARGS__ + ::Catch::StreamEndStop(); \
+            __catchResult.captureResult( messageType ); \
+            INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
+        } while( Catch::alwaysFalse() )
+#else
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( messageType, resultDisposition, macroName, log ) \
+        do { \
+            Catch::ResultBuilder __catchResult( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, "", resultDisposition ); \
+            __catchResult << log + ::Catch::StreamEndStop(); \
+            __catchResult.captureResult( messageType ); \
+            INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
+        } while( Catch::alwaysFalse() )
+#endif
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( log, macroName ) \
+    Catch::ScopedMessage INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( scopedMessage ) = Catch::MessageBuilder( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, Catch::ResultWas::Info ) << log;
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CHECK_THAT( arg, matcher, resultDisposition, macroName ) \
+    do { \
+        Catch::ResultBuilder __catchResult( macroName, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, #arg " " #matcher, resultDisposition ); \
+        try { \
+            std::string matcherAsString = ::Catch::Matchers::matcher.toString(); \
+            __catchResult \
+                .setLhs( Catch::toString( arg ) ) \
+                .setRhs( matcherAsString == Catch::Detail::unprintableString ? #matcher : matcherAsString ) \
+                .setOp( "matches" ) \
+                .setResultType( ::Catch::Matchers::matcher.match( arg ) ); \
+            __catchResult.captureExpression(); \
+        } catch( ... ) { \
+            __catchResult.useActiveException( resultDisposition | Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure ); \
+        } \
+        INTERNAL_CATCH_REACT( __catchResult ) \
+    } while( Catch::alwaysFalse() )
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_section.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_SECTION_H_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_section_info.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_SECTION_INFO_H_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct SectionInfo {
+        SectionInfo
+            (   SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo,
+                std::string const& _name,
+                std::string const& _description = std::string() );
+
+        std::string name;
+        std::string description;
+        SourceLineInfo lineInfo;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_totals.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TOTALS_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct Counts {
+        Counts() : passed( 0 ), failed( 0 ), failedButOk( 0 ) {}
+
+        Counts operator - ( Counts const& other ) const {
+            Counts diff;
+            diff.passed = passed - other.passed;
+            diff.failed = failed - other.failed;
+            diff.failedButOk = failedButOk - other.failedButOk;
+            return diff;
+        }
+        Counts& operator += ( Counts const& other ) {
+            passed += other.passed;
+            failed += other.failed;
+            failedButOk += other.failedButOk;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        std::size_t total() const {
+            return passed + failed + failedButOk;
+        }
+        bool allPassed() const {
+            return failed == 0 && failedButOk == 0;
+        }
+        bool allOk() const {
+            return failed == 0;
+        }
+
+        std::size_t passed;
+        std::size_t failed;
+        std::size_t failedButOk;
+    };
+
+    struct Totals {
+
+        Totals operator - ( Totals const& other ) const {
+            Totals diff;
+            diff.assertions = assertions - other.assertions;
+            diff.testCases = testCases - other.testCases;
+            return diff;
+        }
+
+        Totals delta( Totals const& prevTotals ) const {
+            Totals diff = *this - prevTotals;
+            if( diff.assertions.failed > 0 )
+                ++diff.testCases.failed;
+            else if( diff.assertions.failedButOk > 0 )
+                ++diff.testCases.failedButOk;
+            else
+                ++diff.testCases.passed;
+            return diff;
+        }
+
+        Totals& operator += ( Totals const& other ) {
+            assertions += other.assertions;
+            testCases += other.testCases;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        Counts assertions;
+        Counts testCases;
+    };
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_timer.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TIMER_H_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class Timer {
+    public:
+        Timer() : m_ticks( 0 ) {}
+        void start();
+        unsigned int getElapsedMicroseconds() const;
+        unsigned int getElapsedMilliseconds() const;
+        double getElapsedSeconds() const;
+
+    private:
+        uint64_t m_ticks;
+    };
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class Section : NonCopyable {
+    public:
+        Section( SectionInfo const& info );
+        ~Section();
+
+        // This indicates whether the section should be executed or not
+        operator bool() const;
+
+    private:
+        SectionInfo m_info;
+
+        std::string m_name;
+        Counts m_assertions;
+        bool m_sectionIncluded;
+        Timer m_timer;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_SECTION( ... ) \
+        if( Catch::Section const& INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_Section ) = Catch::SectionInfo( CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, __VA_ARGS__ ) )
+#else
+    #define INTERNAL_CATCH_SECTION( name, desc ) \
+        if( Catch::Section const& INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_Section ) = Catch::SectionInfo( CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO, name, desc ) )
+#endif
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_generators.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_GENERATORS_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <iterator>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+template<typename T>
+struct IGenerator {
+    virtual ~IGenerator() {}
+    virtual T getValue( std::size_t index ) const = 0;
+    virtual std::size_t size () const = 0;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class BetweenGenerator : public IGenerator<T> {
+public:
+    BetweenGenerator( T from, T to ) : m_from( from ), m_to( to ){}
+
+    virtual T getValue( std::size_t index ) const {
+        return m_from+static_cast<int>( index );
+    }
+
+    virtual std::size_t size() const {
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>( 1+m_to-m_from );
+    }
+
+private:
+
+    T m_from;
+    T m_to;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class ValuesGenerator : public IGenerator<T> {
+public:
+    ValuesGenerator(){}
+
+    void add( T value ) {
+        m_values.push_back( value );
+    }
+
+    virtual T getValue( std::size_t index ) const {
+        return m_values[index];
+    }
+
+    virtual std::size_t size() const {
+        return m_values.size();
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::vector<T> m_values;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class CompositeGenerator {
+public:
+    CompositeGenerator() : m_totalSize( 0 ) {}
+
+    // *** Move semantics, similar to auto_ptr ***
+    CompositeGenerator( CompositeGenerator& other )
+    :   m_fileInfo( other.m_fileInfo ),
+        m_totalSize( 0 )
+    {
+        move( other );
+    }
+
+    CompositeGenerator& setFileInfo( const char* fileInfo ) {
+        m_fileInfo = fileInfo;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    ~CompositeGenerator() {
+        deleteAll( m_composed );
+    }
+
+    operator T () const {
+        size_t overallIndex = getCurrentContext().getGeneratorIndex( m_fileInfo, m_totalSize );
+
+        typename std::vector<const IGenerator<T>*>::const_iterator it = m_composed.begin();
+        typename std::vector<const IGenerator<T>*>::const_iterator itEnd = m_composed.end();
+        for( size_t index = 0; it != itEnd; ++it )
+        {
+            const IGenerator<T>* generator = *it;
+            if( overallIndex >= index && overallIndex < index + generator->size() )
+            {
+                return generator->getValue( overallIndex-index );
+            }
+            index += generator->size();
+        }
+        CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR( "Indexed past end of generated range" );
+        return T(); // Suppress spurious "not all control paths return a value" warning in Visual Studio - if you know how to fix this please do so
+    }
+
+    void add( const IGenerator<T>* generator ) {
+        m_totalSize += generator->size();
+        m_composed.push_back( generator );
+    }
+
+    CompositeGenerator& then( CompositeGenerator& other ) {
+        move( other );
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    CompositeGenerator& then( T value ) {
+        ValuesGenerator<T>* valuesGen = new ValuesGenerator<T>();
+        valuesGen->add( value );
+        add( valuesGen );
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+private:
+
+    void move( CompositeGenerator& other ) {
+        std::copy( other.m_composed.begin(), other.m_composed.end(), std::back_inserter( m_composed ) );
+        m_totalSize += other.m_totalSize;
+        other.m_composed.clear();
+    }
+
+    std::vector<const IGenerator<T>*> m_composed;
+    std::string m_fileInfo;
+    size_t m_totalSize;
+};
+
+namespace Generators
+{
+    template<typename T>
+    CompositeGenerator<T> between( T from, T to ) {
+        CompositeGenerator<T> generators;
+        generators.add( new BetweenGenerator<T>( from, to ) );
+        return generators;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    CompositeGenerator<T> values( T val1, T val2 ) {
+        CompositeGenerator<T> generators;
+        ValuesGenerator<T>* valuesGen = new ValuesGenerator<T>();
+        valuesGen->add( val1 );
+        valuesGen->add( val2 );
+        generators.add( valuesGen );
+        return generators;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    CompositeGenerator<T> values( T val1, T val2, T val3 ){
+        CompositeGenerator<T> generators;
+        ValuesGenerator<T>* valuesGen = new ValuesGenerator<T>();
+        valuesGen->add( val1 );
+        valuesGen->add( val2 );
+        valuesGen->add( val3 );
+        generators.add( valuesGen );
+        return generators;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    CompositeGenerator<T> values( T val1, T val2, T val3, T val4 ) {
+        CompositeGenerator<T> generators;
+        ValuesGenerator<T>* valuesGen = new ValuesGenerator<T>();
+        valuesGen->add( val1 );
+        valuesGen->add( val2 );
+        valuesGen->add( val3 );
+        valuesGen->add( val4 );
+        generators.add( valuesGen );
+        return generators;
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Generators
+
+using namespace Generators;
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_LINESTR2( line ) #line
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_LINESTR( line ) INTERNAL_CATCH_LINESTR2( line )
+
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_GENERATE( expr ) expr.setFileInfo( __FILE__ "(" INTERNAL_CATCH_LINESTR( __LINE__ ) ")" )
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_interfaces_exception.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_EXCEPTION_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+// #included from: catch_interfaces_registry_hub.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_REGISTRY_HUB_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TestCase;
+    struct ITestCaseRegistry;
+    struct IExceptionTranslatorRegistry;
+    struct IExceptionTranslator;
+    struct IReporterRegistry;
+    struct IReporterFactory;
+
+    struct IRegistryHub {
+        virtual ~IRegistryHub();
+
+        virtual IReporterRegistry const& getReporterRegistry() const = 0;
+        virtual ITestCaseRegistry const& getTestCaseRegistry() const = 0;
+        virtual IExceptionTranslatorRegistry& getExceptionTranslatorRegistry() = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct IMutableRegistryHub {
+        virtual ~IMutableRegistryHub();
+        virtual void registerReporter( std::string const& name, IReporterFactory* factory ) = 0;
+        virtual void registerTest( TestCase const& testInfo ) = 0;
+        virtual void registerTranslator( const IExceptionTranslator* translator ) = 0;
+    };
+
+    IRegistryHub& getRegistryHub();
+    IMutableRegistryHub& getMutableRegistryHub();
+    void cleanUp();
+    std::string translateActiveException();
+
+}
+
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    typedef std::string(*exceptionTranslateFunction)();
+
+    struct IExceptionTranslator {
+        virtual ~IExceptionTranslator();
+        virtual std::string translate() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct IExceptionTranslatorRegistry {
+        virtual ~IExceptionTranslatorRegistry();
+
+        virtual std::string translateActiveException() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    class ExceptionTranslatorRegistrar {
+        template<typename T>
+        class ExceptionTranslator : public IExceptionTranslator {
+        public:
+
+            ExceptionTranslator( std::string(*translateFunction)( T& ) )
+            : m_translateFunction( translateFunction )
+            {}
+
+            virtual std::string translate() const {
+                try {
+                    throw;
+                }
+                catch( T& ex ) {
+                    return m_translateFunction( ex );
+                }
+            }
+
+        protected:
+            std::string(*m_translateFunction)( T& );
+        };
+
+    public:
+        template<typename T>
+        ExceptionTranslatorRegistrar( std::string(*translateFunction)( T& ) ) {
+            getMutableRegistryHub().registerTranslator
+                ( new ExceptionTranslator<T>( translateFunction ) );
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_TRANSLATE_EXCEPTION( signature ) \
+    static std::string INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionTranslator )( signature ); \
+    namespace{ Catch::ExceptionTranslatorRegistrar INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionRegistrar )( &INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( catch_internal_ExceptionTranslator ) ); }\
+    static std::string INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME(  catch_internal_ExceptionTranslator )( signature )
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_approx.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_APPROX_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <limits>
+
+namespace Catch {
+namespace Detail {
+
+    class Approx {
+    public:
+        explicit Approx ( double value )
+        :   m_epsilon( std::numeric_limits<float>::epsilon()*100 ),
+            m_scale( 1.0 ),
+            m_value( value )
+        {}
+
+        Approx( Approx const& other )
+        :   m_epsilon( other.m_epsilon ),
+            m_scale( other.m_scale ),
+            m_value( other.m_value )
+        {}
+
+        static Approx custom() {
+            return Approx( 0 );
+        }
+
+        Approx operator()( double value ) {
+            Approx approx( value );
+            approx.epsilon( m_epsilon );
+            approx.scale( m_scale );
+            return approx;
+        }
+
+        friend bool operator == ( double lhs, Approx const& rhs ) {
+            // Thanks to Richard Harris for his help refining this formula
+            return fabs( lhs - rhs.m_value ) < rhs.m_epsilon * (rhs.m_scale + (std::max)( fabs(lhs), fabs(rhs.m_value) ) );
+        }
+
+        friend bool operator == ( Approx const& lhs, double rhs ) {
+            return operator==( rhs, lhs );
+        }
+
+        friend bool operator != ( double lhs, Approx const& rhs ) {
+            return !operator==( lhs, rhs );
+        }
+
+        friend bool operator != ( Approx const& lhs, double rhs ) {
+            return !operator==( rhs, lhs );
+        }
+
+        Approx& epsilon( double newEpsilon ) {
+            m_epsilon = newEpsilon;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        Approx& scale( double newScale ) {
+            m_scale = newScale;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        std::string toString() const {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << "Approx( " << Catch::toString( m_value ) << " )";
+            return oss.str();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        double m_epsilon;
+        double m_scale;
+        double m_value;
+    };
+}
+
+template<>
+inline std::string toString<Detail::Approx>( Detail::Approx const& value ) {
+    return value.toString();
+}
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_matchers.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_MATCHERS_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+namespace Matchers {
+    namespace Impl {
+
+    template<typename ExpressionT>
+    struct Matcher : SharedImpl<IShared>
+    {
+        typedef ExpressionT ExpressionType;
+
+        virtual ~Matcher() {}
+        virtual Ptr<Matcher> clone() const = 0;
+        virtual bool match( ExpressionT const& expr ) const = 0;
+        virtual std::string toString() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    template<typename DerivedT, typename ExpressionT>
+    struct MatcherImpl : Matcher<ExpressionT> {
+
+        virtual Ptr<Matcher<ExpressionT> > clone() const {
+            return Ptr<Matcher<ExpressionT> >( new DerivedT( static_cast<DerivedT const&>( *this ) ) );
+        }
+    };
+
+    namespace Generic {
+
+        template<typename ExpressionT>
+        class AllOf : public MatcherImpl<AllOf<ExpressionT>, ExpressionT> {
+        public:
+
+            AllOf() {}
+            AllOf( AllOf const& other ) : m_matchers( other.m_matchers ) {}
+
+            AllOf& add( Matcher<ExpressionT> const& matcher ) {
+                m_matchers.push_back( matcher.clone() );
+                return *this;
+            }
+            virtual bool match( ExpressionT const& expr ) const
+            {
+                for( std::size_t i = 0; i < m_matchers.size(); ++i )
+                    if( !m_matchers[i]->match( expr ) )
+                        return false;
+                return true;
+            }
+            virtual std::string toString() const {
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                oss << "( ";
+                for( std::size_t i = 0; i < m_matchers.size(); ++i ) {
+                    if( i != 0 )
+                        oss << " and ";
+                    oss << m_matchers[i]->toString();
+                }
+                oss << " )";
+                return oss.str();
+            }
+
+        private:
+            std::vector<Ptr<Matcher<ExpressionT> > > m_matchers;
+        };
+
+        template<typename ExpressionT>
+        class AnyOf : public MatcherImpl<AnyOf<ExpressionT>, ExpressionT> {
+        public:
+
+            AnyOf() {}
+            AnyOf( AnyOf const& other ) : m_matchers( other.m_matchers ) {}
+
+            AnyOf& add( Matcher<ExpressionT> const& matcher ) {
+                m_matchers.push_back( matcher.clone() );
+                return *this;
+            }
+            virtual bool match( ExpressionT const& expr ) const
+            {
+                for( std::size_t i = 0; i < m_matchers.size(); ++i )
+                    if( m_matchers[i]->match( expr ) )
+                        return true;
+                return false;
+            }
+            virtual std::string toString() const {
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                oss << "( ";
+                for( std::size_t i = 0; i < m_matchers.size(); ++i ) {
+                    if( i != 0 )
+                        oss << " or ";
+                    oss << m_matchers[i]->toString();
+                }
+                oss << " )";
+                return oss.str();
+            }
+
+        private:
+            std::vector<Ptr<Matcher<ExpressionT> > > m_matchers;
+        };
+
+    }
+
+    namespace StdString {
+
+        inline std::string makeString( std::string const& str ) { return str; }
+        inline std::string makeString( const char* str ) { return str ? std::string( str ) : std::string(); }
+
+        struct Equals : MatcherImpl<Equals, std::string> {
+            Equals( std::string const& str ) : m_str( str ){}
+            Equals( Equals const& other ) : m_str( other.m_str ){}
+
+            virtual ~Equals();
+
+            virtual bool match( std::string const& expr ) const {
+                return m_str == expr;
+            }
+            virtual std::string toString() const {
+                return "equals: \"" + m_str + "\"";
+            }
+
+            std::string m_str;
+        };
+
+        struct Contains : MatcherImpl<Contains, std::string> {
+            Contains( std::string const& substr ) : m_substr( substr ){}
+            Contains( Contains const& other ) : m_substr( other.m_substr ){}
+
+            virtual ~Contains();
+
+            virtual bool match( std::string const& expr ) const {
+                return expr.find( m_substr ) != std::string::npos;
+            }
+            virtual std::string toString() const {
+                return "contains: \"" + m_substr + "\"";
+            }
+
+            std::string m_substr;
+        };
+
+        struct StartsWith : MatcherImpl<StartsWith, std::string> {
+            StartsWith( std::string const& substr ) : m_substr( substr ){}
+            StartsWith( StartsWith const& other ) : m_substr( other.m_substr ){}
+
+            virtual ~StartsWith();
+
+            virtual bool match( std::string const& expr ) const {
+                return expr.find( m_substr ) == 0;
+            }
+            virtual std::string toString() const {
+                return "starts with: \"" + m_substr + "\"";
+            }
+
+            std::string m_substr;
+        };
+
+        struct EndsWith : MatcherImpl<EndsWith, std::string> {
+            EndsWith( std::string const& substr ) : m_substr( substr ){}
+            EndsWith( EndsWith const& other ) : m_substr( other.m_substr ){}
+
+            virtual ~EndsWith();
+
+            virtual bool match( std::string const& expr ) const {
+                return expr.find( m_substr ) == expr.size() - m_substr.size();
+            }
+            virtual std::string toString() const {
+                return "ends with: \"" + m_substr + "\"";
+            }
+
+            std::string m_substr;
+        };
+    } // namespace StdString
+    } // namespace Impl
+
+    // The following functions create the actual matcher objects.
+    // This allows the types to be inferred
+    template<typename ExpressionT>
+    inline Impl::Generic::AllOf<ExpressionT> AllOf( Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m1,
+                                                    Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m2 ) {
+        return Impl::Generic::AllOf<ExpressionT>().add( m1 ).add( m2 );
+    }
+    template<typename ExpressionT>
+    inline Impl::Generic::AllOf<ExpressionT> AllOf( Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m1,
+                                                    Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m2,
+                                                    Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m3 ) {
+        return Impl::Generic::AllOf<ExpressionT>().add( m1 ).add( m2 ).add( m3 );
+    }
+    template<typename ExpressionT>
+    inline Impl::Generic::AnyOf<ExpressionT> AnyOf( Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m1,
+                                                    Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m2 ) {
+        return Impl::Generic::AnyOf<ExpressionT>().add( m1 ).add( m2 );
+    }
+    template<typename ExpressionT>
+    inline Impl::Generic::AnyOf<ExpressionT> AnyOf( Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m1,
+                                                    Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m2,
+                                                    Impl::Matcher<ExpressionT> const& m3 ) {
+        return Impl::Generic::AnyOf<ExpressionT>().add( m1 ).add( m2 ).add( m3 );
+    }
+
+    inline Impl::StdString::Equals      Equals( std::string const& str ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::Equals( str );
+    }
+    inline Impl::StdString::Equals      Equals( const char* str ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::Equals( Impl::StdString::makeString( str ) );
+    }
+    inline Impl::StdString::Contains    Contains( std::string const& substr ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::Contains( substr );
+    }
+    inline Impl::StdString::Contains    Contains( const char* substr ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::Contains( Impl::StdString::makeString( substr ) );
+    }
+    inline Impl::StdString::StartsWith  StartsWith( std::string const& substr ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::StartsWith( substr );
+    }
+    inline Impl::StdString::StartsWith  StartsWith( const char* substr ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::StartsWith( Impl::StdString::makeString( substr ) );
+    }
+    inline Impl::StdString::EndsWith    EndsWith( std::string const& substr ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::EndsWith( substr );
+    }
+    inline Impl::StdString::EndsWith    EndsWith( const char* substr ) {
+        return Impl::StdString::EndsWith( Impl::StdString::makeString( substr ) );
+    }
+
+} // namespace Matchers
+
+using namespace Matchers;
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_interfaces_tag_alias_registry.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_TAG_ALIAS_REGISTRY_H_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_tag_alias.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TAG_ALIAS_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct TagAlias {
+        TagAlias( std::string _tag, SourceLineInfo _lineInfo ) : tag( _tag ), lineInfo( _lineInfo ) {}
+
+        std::string tag;
+        SourceLineInfo lineInfo;
+    };
+
+    struct RegistrarForTagAliases {
+        RegistrarForTagAliases( char const* alias, char const* tag, SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo );
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#define CATCH_REGISTER_TAG_ALIAS( alias, spec ) namespace{ Catch::RegistrarForTagAliases INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( AutoRegisterTagAlias )( alias, spec, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO ); }
+// #included from: catch_option.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_OPTION_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    // An optional type
+    template<typename T>
+    class Option {
+    public:
+        Option() : nullableValue( NULL ) {}
+        Option( T const& _value )
+        : nullableValue( new( storage ) T( _value ) )
+        {}
+        Option( Option const& _other )
+        : nullableValue( _other ? new( storage ) T( *_other ) : NULL )
+        {}
+
+        ~Option() {
+            reset();
+        }
+
+        Option& operator= ( Option const& _other ) {
+            if( &_other != this ) {
+                reset();
+                if( _other )
+                    nullableValue = new( storage ) T( *_other );
+            }
+            return *this;
+        }
+        Option& operator = ( T const& _value ) {
+            reset();
+            nullableValue = new( storage ) T( _value );
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        void reset() {
+            if( nullableValue )
+                nullableValue->~T();
+            nullableValue = NULL;
+        }
+
+        T& operator*() { return *nullableValue; }
+        T const& operator*() const { return *nullableValue; }
+        T* operator->() { return nullableValue; }
+        const T* operator->() const { return nullableValue; }
+
+        T valueOr( T const& defaultValue ) const {
+            return nullableValue ? *nullableValue : defaultValue;
+        }
+
+        bool some() const { return nullableValue != NULL; }
+        bool none() const { return nullableValue == NULL; }
+
+        bool operator !() const { return nullableValue == NULL; }
+        operator SafeBool::type() const {
+            return SafeBool::makeSafe( some() );
+        }
+
+    private:
+        T* nullableValue;
+        char storage[sizeof(T)];
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct ITagAliasRegistry {
+        virtual ~ITagAliasRegistry();
+        virtual Option<TagAlias> find( std::string const& alias ) const = 0;
+        virtual std::string expandAliases( std::string const& unexpandedTestSpec ) const = 0;
+
+        static ITagAliasRegistry const& get();
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// These files are included here so the single_include script doesn't put them
+// in the conditionally compiled sections
+// #included from: internal/catch_test_case_info.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEST_CASE_INFO_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+#include <set>
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct ITestCase;
+
+    struct TestCaseInfo {
+        enum SpecialProperties{
+            None = 0,
+            IsHidden = 1 << 1,
+            ShouldFail = 1 << 2,
+            MayFail = 1 << 3,
+            Throws = 1 << 4
+        };
+
+        TestCaseInfo(   std::string const& _name,
+                        std::string const& _className,
+                        std::string const& _description,
+                        std::set<std::string> const& _tags,
+                        SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo );
+
+        TestCaseInfo( TestCaseInfo const& other );
+
+        bool isHidden() const;
+        bool throws() const;
+        bool okToFail() const;
+        bool expectedToFail() const;
+
+        std::string name;
+        std::string className;
+        std::string description;
+        std::set<std::string> tags;
+        std::set<std::string> lcaseTags;
+        std::string tagsAsString;
+        SourceLineInfo lineInfo;
+        SpecialProperties properties;
+    };
+
+    class TestCase : public TestCaseInfo {
+    public:
+
+        TestCase( ITestCase* testCase, TestCaseInfo const& info );
+        TestCase( TestCase const& other );
+
+        TestCase withName( std::string const& _newName ) const;
+
+        void invoke() const;
+
+        TestCaseInfo const& getTestCaseInfo() const;
+
+        void swap( TestCase& other );
+        bool operator == ( TestCase const& other ) const;
+        bool operator < ( TestCase const& other ) const;
+        TestCase& operator = ( TestCase const& other );
+
+    private:
+        Ptr<ITestCase> test;
+    };
+
+    TestCase makeTestCase(  ITestCase* testCase,
+                            std::string const& className,
+                            std::string const& name,
+                            std::string const& description,
+                            SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo );
+}
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef __OBJC__
+// #included from: internal/catch_objc.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_OBJC_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#import <objc/runtime.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+// NB. Any general catch headers included here must be included
+// in catch.hpp first to make sure they are included by the single
+// header for non obj-usage
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// This protocol is really only here for (self) documenting purposes, since
+// all its methods are optional.
+@protocol OcFixture
+
+@optional
+
+-(void) setUp;
+-(void) tearDown;
+
+@end
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class OcMethod : public SharedImpl<ITestCase> {
+
+    public:
+        OcMethod( Class cls, SEL sel ) : m_cls( cls ), m_sel( sel ) {}
+
+        virtual void invoke() const {
+            id obj = [[m_cls alloc] init];
+
+            performOptionalSelector( obj, @selector(setUp)  );
+            performOptionalSelector( obj, m_sel );
+            performOptionalSelector( obj, @selector(tearDown)  );
+
+            arcSafeRelease( obj );
+        }
+    private:
+        virtual ~OcMethod() {}
+
+        Class m_cls;
+        SEL m_sel;
+    };
+
+    namespace Detail{
+
+        inline std::string getAnnotation(   Class cls,
+                                            std::string const& annotationName,
+                                            std::string const& testCaseName ) {
+            NSString* selStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"Catch_%s_%s", annotationName.c_str(), testCaseName.c_str()];
+            SEL sel = NSSelectorFromString( selStr );
+            arcSafeRelease( selStr );
+            id value = performOptionalSelector( cls, sel );
+            if( value )
+                return [(NSString*)value UTF8String];
+            return "";
+        }
+    }
+
+    inline size_t registerTestMethods() {
+        size_t noTestMethods = 0;
+        int noClasses = objc_getClassList( NULL, 0 );
+
+        Class* classes = (CATCH_UNSAFE_UNRETAINED Class *)malloc( sizeof(Class) * noClasses);
+        objc_getClassList( classes, noClasses );
+
+        for( int c = 0; c < noClasses; c++ ) {
+            Class cls = classes[c];
+            {
+                u_int count;
+                Method* methods = class_copyMethodList( cls, &count );
+                for( u_int m = 0; m < count ; m++ ) {
+                    SEL selector = method_getName(methods[m]);
+                    std::string methodName = sel_getName(selector);
+                    if( startsWith( methodName, "Catch_TestCase_" ) ) {
+                        std::string testCaseName = methodName.substr( 15 );
+                        std::string name = Detail::getAnnotation( cls, "Name", testCaseName );
+                        std::string desc = Detail::getAnnotation( cls, "Description", testCaseName );
+                        const char* className = class_getName( cls );
+
+                        getMutableRegistryHub().registerTest( makeTestCase( new OcMethod( cls, selector ), className, name.c_str(), desc.c_str(), SourceLineInfo() ) );
+                        noTestMethods++;
+                    }
+                }
+                free(methods);
+            }
+        }
+        return noTestMethods;
+    }
+
+    namespace Matchers {
+        namespace Impl {
+        namespace NSStringMatchers {
+
+            template<typename MatcherT>
+            struct StringHolder : MatcherImpl<MatcherT, NSString*>{
+                StringHolder( NSString* substr ) : m_substr( [substr copy] ){}
+                StringHolder( StringHolder const& other ) : m_substr( [other.m_substr copy] ){}
+                StringHolder() {
+                    arcSafeRelease( m_substr );
+                }
+
+                NSString* m_substr;
+            };
+
+            struct Equals : StringHolder<Equals> {
+                Equals( NSString* substr ) : StringHolder( substr ){}
+
+                virtual bool match( ExpressionType const& str ) const {
+                    return  (str != nil || m_substr == nil ) &&
+                            [str isEqualToString:m_substr];
+                }
+
+                virtual std::string toString() const {
+                    return "equals string: " + Catch::toString( m_substr );
+                }
+            };
+
+            struct Contains : StringHolder<Contains> {
+                Contains( NSString* substr ) : StringHolder( substr ){}
+
+                virtual bool match( ExpressionType const& str ) const {
+                    return  (str != nil || m_substr == nil ) &&
+                            [str rangeOfString:m_substr].location != NSNotFound;
+                }
+
+                virtual std::string toString() const {
+                    return "contains string: " + Catch::toString( m_substr );
+                }
+            };
+
+            struct StartsWith : StringHolder<StartsWith> {
+                StartsWith( NSString* substr ) : StringHolder( substr ){}
+
+                virtual bool match( ExpressionType const& str ) const {
+                    return  (str != nil || m_substr == nil ) &&
+                            [str rangeOfString:m_substr].location == 0;
+                }
+
+                virtual std::string toString() const {
+                    return "starts with: " + Catch::toString( m_substr );
+                }
+            };
+            struct EndsWith : StringHolder<EndsWith> {
+                EndsWith( NSString* substr ) : StringHolder( substr ){}
+
+                virtual bool match( ExpressionType const& str ) const {
+                    return  (str != nil || m_substr == nil ) &&
+                            [str rangeOfString:m_substr].location == [str length] - [m_substr length];
+                }
+
+                virtual std::string toString() const {
+                    return "ends with: " + Catch::toString( m_substr );
+                }
+            };
+
+        } // namespace NSStringMatchers
+        } // namespace Impl
+
+        inline Impl::NSStringMatchers::Equals
+            Equals( NSString* substr ){ return Impl::NSStringMatchers::Equals( substr ); }
+
+        inline Impl::NSStringMatchers::Contains
+            Contains( NSString* substr ){ return Impl::NSStringMatchers::Contains( substr ); }
+
+        inline Impl::NSStringMatchers::StartsWith
+            StartsWith( NSString* substr ){ return Impl::NSStringMatchers::StartsWith( substr ); }
+
+        inline Impl::NSStringMatchers::EndsWith
+            EndsWith( NSString* substr ){ return Impl::NSStringMatchers::EndsWith( substr ); }
+
+    } // namespace Matchers
+
+    using namespace Matchers;
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#define OC_TEST_CASE( name, desc )\
++(NSString*) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( Catch_Name_test ) \
+{\
+return @ name; \
+}\
++(NSString*) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( Catch_Description_test ) \
+{ \
+return @ desc; \
+} \
+-(void) INTERNAL_CATCH_UNIQUE_NAME( Catch_TestCase_test )
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CATCH_IMPL
+// #included from: internal/catch_impl.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_IMPL_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// Collect all the implementation files together here
+// These are the equivalent of what would usually be cpp files
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wweak-vtables"
+#endif
+
+// #included from: ../catch_runner.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_RUNNER_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_commandline.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_COMMANDLINE_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_config.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_CONFIG_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_test_spec_parser.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEST_SPEC_PARSER_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#endif
+
+// #included from: catch_test_spec.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEST_SPEC_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#endif
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TestSpec {
+        struct Pattern : SharedImpl<> {
+            virtual ~Pattern();
+            virtual bool matches( TestCaseInfo const& testCase ) const = 0;
+        };
+        class NamePattern : public Pattern {
+            enum WildcardPosition {
+                NoWildcard = 0,
+                WildcardAtStart = 1,
+                WildcardAtEnd = 2,
+                WildcardAtBothEnds = WildcardAtStart | WildcardAtEnd
+            };
+
+        public:
+            NamePattern( std::string const& name ) : m_name( toLower( name ) ), m_wildcard( NoWildcard ) {
+                if( startsWith( m_name, "*" ) ) {
+                    m_name = m_name.substr( 1 );
+                    m_wildcard = WildcardAtStart;
+                }
+                if( endsWith( m_name, "*" ) ) {
+                    m_name = m_name.substr( 0, m_name.size()-1 );
+                    m_wildcard = static_cast<WildcardPosition>( m_wildcard | WildcardAtEnd );
+                }
+            }
+            virtual ~NamePattern();
+            virtual bool matches( TestCaseInfo const& testCase ) const {
+                switch( m_wildcard ) {
+                    case NoWildcard:
+                        return m_name == toLower( testCase.name );
+                    case WildcardAtStart:
+                        return endsWith( toLower( testCase.name ), m_name );
+                    case WildcardAtEnd:
+                        return startsWith( toLower( testCase.name ), m_name );
+                    case WildcardAtBothEnds:
+                        return contains( toLower( testCase.name ), m_name );
+                }
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunreachable-code"
+#endif
+                throw std::logic_error( "Unknown enum" );
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+            }
+        private:
+            std::string m_name;
+            WildcardPosition m_wildcard;
+        };
+        class TagPattern : public Pattern {
+        public:
+            TagPattern( std::string const& tag ) : m_tag( toLower( tag ) ) {}
+            virtual ~TagPattern();
+            virtual bool matches( TestCaseInfo const& testCase ) const {
+                return testCase.lcaseTags.find( m_tag ) != testCase.lcaseTags.end();
+            }
+        private:
+            std::string m_tag;
+        };
+        class ExcludedPattern : public Pattern {
+        public:
+            ExcludedPattern( Ptr<Pattern> const& underlyingPattern ) : m_underlyingPattern( underlyingPattern ) {}
+            virtual ~ExcludedPattern();
+            virtual bool matches( TestCaseInfo const& testCase ) const { return !m_underlyingPattern->matches( testCase ); }
+        private:
+            Ptr<Pattern> m_underlyingPattern;
+        };
+
+        struct Filter {
+            std::vector<Ptr<Pattern> > m_patterns;
+
+            bool matches( TestCaseInfo const& testCase ) const {
+                // All patterns in a filter must match for the filter to be a match
+                for( std::vector<Ptr<Pattern> >::const_iterator it = m_patterns.begin(), itEnd = m_patterns.end(); it != itEnd; ++it )
+                    if( !(*it)->matches( testCase ) )
+                        return false;
+                    return true;
+            }
+        };
+
+    public:
+        bool hasFilters() const {
+            return !m_filters.empty();
+        }
+        bool matches( TestCaseInfo const& testCase ) const {
+            // A TestSpec matches if any filter matches
+            for( std::vector<Filter>::const_iterator it = m_filters.begin(), itEnd = m_filters.end(); it != itEnd; ++it )
+                if( it->matches( testCase ) )
+                    return true;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::vector<Filter> m_filters;
+
+        friend class TestSpecParser;
+    };
+}
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TestSpecParser {
+        enum Mode{ None, Name, QuotedName, Tag };
+        Mode m_mode;
+        bool m_exclusion;
+        std::size_t m_start, m_pos;
+        std::string m_arg;
+        TestSpec::Filter m_currentFilter;
+        TestSpec m_testSpec;
+        ITagAliasRegistry const* m_tagAliases;
+
+    public:
+        TestSpecParser( ITagAliasRegistry const& tagAliases ) : m_tagAliases( &tagAliases ) {}
+
+        TestSpecParser& parse( std::string const& arg ) {
+            m_mode = None;
+            m_exclusion = false;
+            m_start = std::string::npos;
+            m_arg = m_tagAliases->expandAliases( arg );
+            for( m_pos = 0; m_pos < m_arg.size(); ++m_pos )
+                visitChar( m_arg[m_pos] );
+            if( m_mode == Name )
+                addPattern<TestSpec::NamePattern>();
+            return *this;
+        }
+        TestSpec testSpec() {
+            addFilter();
+            return m_testSpec;
+        }
+    private:
+        void visitChar( char c ) {
+            if( m_mode == None ) {
+                switch( c ) {
+                case ' ': return;
+                case '~': m_exclusion = true; return;
+                case '[': return startNewMode( Tag, ++m_pos );
+                case '"': return startNewMode( QuotedName, ++m_pos );
+                default: startNewMode( Name, m_pos ); break;
+                }
+            }
+            if( m_mode == Name ) {
+                if( c == ',' ) {
+                    addPattern<TestSpec::NamePattern>();
+                    addFilter();
+                }
+                else if( c == '[' ) {
+                    if( subString() == "exclude:" )
+                        m_exclusion = true;
+                    else
+                        addPattern<TestSpec::NamePattern>();
+                    startNewMode( Tag, ++m_pos );
+                }
+            }
+            else if( m_mode == QuotedName && c == '"' )
+                addPattern<TestSpec::NamePattern>();
+            else if( m_mode == Tag && c == ']' )
+                addPattern<TestSpec::TagPattern>();
+        }
+        void startNewMode( Mode mode, std::size_t start ) {
+            m_mode = mode;
+            m_start = start;
+        }
+        std::string subString() const { return m_arg.substr( m_start, m_pos - m_start ); }
+        template<typename T>
+        void addPattern() {
+            std::string token = subString();
+            if( startsWith( token, "exclude:" ) ) {
+                m_exclusion = true;
+                token = token.substr( 8 );
+            }
+            if( !token.empty() ) {
+                Ptr<TestSpec::Pattern> pattern = new T( token );
+                if( m_exclusion )
+                    pattern = new TestSpec::ExcludedPattern( pattern );
+                m_currentFilter.m_patterns.push_back( pattern );
+            }
+            m_exclusion = false;
+            m_mode = None;
+        }
+        void addFilter() {
+            if( !m_currentFilter.m_patterns.empty() ) {
+                m_testSpec.m_filters.push_back( m_currentFilter );
+                m_currentFilter = TestSpec::Filter();
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    inline TestSpec parseTestSpec( std::string const& arg ) {
+        return TestSpecParser( ITagAliasRegistry::get() ).parse( arg ).testSpec();
+    }
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+// #included from: catch_interfaces_config.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_CONFIG_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct Verbosity { enum Level {
+        NoOutput = 0,
+        Quiet,
+        Normal
+    }; };
+
+    struct WarnAbout { enum What {
+        Nothing = 0x00,
+        NoAssertions = 0x01
+    }; };
+
+    struct ShowDurations { enum OrNot {
+        DefaultForReporter,
+        Always,
+        Never
+    }; };
+    struct RunTests { enum InWhatOrder {
+        InDeclarationOrder,
+        InLexicographicalOrder,
+        InRandomOrder
+    }; };
+
+    class TestSpec;
+
+    struct IConfig : IShared {
+
+        virtual ~IConfig();
+
+        virtual bool allowThrows() const = 0;
+        virtual std::ostream& stream() const = 0;
+        virtual std::string name() const = 0;
+        virtual bool includeSuccessfulResults() const = 0;
+        virtual bool shouldDebugBreak() const = 0;
+        virtual bool warnAboutMissingAssertions() const = 0;
+        virtual int abortAfter() const = 0;
+        virtual bool showInvisibles() const = 0;
+        virtual ShowDurations::OrNot showDurations() const = 0;
+        virtual TestSpec const& testSpec() const = 0;
+        virtual RunTests::InWhatOrder runOrder() const = 0;
+        virtual unsigned int rngSeed() const = 0;
+        virtual bool forceColour() const = 0;
+    };
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_stream.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_STREAM_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <streambuf>
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class Stream {
+    public:
+        Stream();
+        Stream( std::streambuf* _streamBuf, bool _isOwned );
+        void release();
+
+        std::streambuf* streamBuf;
+
+    private:
+        bool isOwned;
+    };
+
+    std::ostream& cout();
+    std::ostream& cerr();
+}
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <ctime>
+
+#ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+#define CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH 80
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct ConfigData {
+
+        ConfigData()
+        :   listTests( false ),
+            listTags( false ),
+            listReporters( false ),
+            listTestNamesOnly( false ),
+            showSuccessfulTests( false ),
+            shouldDebugBreak( false ),
+            noThrow( false ),
+            showHelp( false ),
+            showInvisibles( false ),
+            forceColour( false ),
+            abortAfter( -1 ),
+            rngSeed( 0 ),
+            verbosity( Verbosity::Normal ),
+            warnings( WarnAbout::Nothing ),
+            showDurations( ShowDurations::DefaultForReporter ),
+            runOrder( RunTests::InDeclarationOrder )
+        {}
+
+        bool listTests;
+        bool listTags;
+        bool listReporters;
+        bool listTestNamesOnly;
+
+        bool showSuccessfulTests;
+        bool shouldDebugBreak;
+        bool noThrow;
+        bool showHelp;
+        bool showInvisibles;
+        bool forceColour;
+
+        int abortAfter;
+        unsigned int rngSeed;
+
+        Verbosity::Level verbosity;
+        WarnAbout::What warnings;
+        ShowDurations::OrNot showDurations;
+        RunTests::InWhatOrder runOrder;
+
+        std::string reporterName;
+        std::string outputFilename;
+        std::string name;
+        std::string processName;
+
+        std::vector<std::string> testsOrTags;
+    };
+
+    class Config : public SharedImpl<IConfig> {
+    private:
+        Config( Config const& other );
+        Config& operator = ( Config const& other );
+        virtual void dummy();
+    public:
+
+        Config()
+        :   m_os( Catch::cout().rdbuf() )
+        {}
+
+        Config( ConfigData const& data )
+        :   m_data( data ),
+            m_os( Catch::cout().rdbuf() )
+        {
+            if( !data.testsOrTags.empty() ) {
+                TestSpecParser parser( ITagAliasRegistry::get() );
+                for( std::size_t i = 0; i < data.testsOrTags.size(); ++i )
+                    parser.parse( data.testsOrTags[i] );
+                m_testSpec = parser.testSpec();
+            }
+        }
+
+        virtual ~Config() {
+            m_os.rdbuf( Catch::cout().rdbuf() );
+            m_stream.release();
+        }
+
+        void setFilename( std::string const& filename ) {
+            m_data.outputFilename = filename;
+        }
+
+        std::string const& getFilename() const {
+            return m_data.outputFilename ;
+        }
+
+        bool listTests() const { return m_data.listTests; }
+        bool listTestNamesOnly() const { return m_data.listTestNamesOnly; }
+        bool listTags() const { return m_data.listTags; }
+        bool listReporters() const { return m_data.listReporters; }
+
+        std::string getProcessName() const { return m_data.processName; }
+
+        bool shouldDebugBreak() const { return m_data.shouldDebugBreak; }
+
+        void setStreamBuf( std::streambuf* buf ) {
+            m_os.rdbuf( buf ? buf : Catch::cout().rdbuf() );
+        }
+
+        void useStream( std::string const& streamName ) {
+            Stream stream = createStream( streamName );
+            setStreamBuf( stream.streamBuf );
+            m_stream.release();
+            m_stream = stream;
+        }
+
+        std::string getReporterName() const { return m_data.reporterName; }
+
+        int abortAfter() const { return m_data.abortAfter; }
+
+        TestSpec const& testSpec() const { return m_testSpec; }
+
+        bool showHelp() const { return m_data.showHelp; }
+        bool showInvisibles() const { return m_data.showInvisibles; }
+
+        // IConfig interface
+        virtual bool allowThrows() const        { return !m_data.noThrow; }
+        virtual std::ostream& stream() const    { return m_os; }
+        virtual std::string name() const        { return m_data.name.empty() ? m_data.processName : m_data.name; }
+        virtual bool includeSuccessfulResults() const   { return m_data.showSuccessfulTests; }
+        virtual bool warnAboutMissingAssertions() const { return m_data.warnings & WarnAbout::NoAssertions; }
+        virtual ShowDurations::OrNot showDurations() const { return m_data.showDurations; }
+        virtual RunTests::InWhatOrder runOrder() const  { return m_data.runOrder; }
+        virtual unsigned int rngSeed() const    { return m_data.rngSeed; }
+        virtual bool forceColour() const { return m_data.forceColour; }
+
+    private:
+        ConfigData m_data;
+
+        Stream m_stream;
+        mutable std::ostream m_os;
+        TestSpec m_testSpec;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_clara.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_CLARA_H_INCLUDED
+
+// Use Catch's value for console width (store Clara's off to the side, if present)
+#ifdef CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+#define CATCH_TEMP_CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+#undef CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+#endif
+#define CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+
+// Declare Clara inside the Catch namespace
+#define STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE namespace Catch {
+// #included from: ../external/clara.h
+
+// Only use header guard if we are not using an outer namespace
+#if !defined(TWOBLUECUBES_CLARA_H_INCLUDED) || defined(STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE)
+
+#ifndef STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CLARA_H_INCLUDED
+#define STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+#define STITCH_CLARA_CLOSE_NAMESPACE
+#else
+#define STITCH_CLARA_CLOSE_NAMESPACE }
+#endif
+
+#define STITCH_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OPEN_NAMESPACE STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+
+// ----------- #included from tbc_text_format.h -----------
+
+// Only use header guard if we are not using an outer namespace
+#if !defined(TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_H_INCLUDED) || defined(STITCH_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE)
+#ifndef STITCH_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE
+#define TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_H_INCLUDED
+#endif
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <sstream>
+
+// Use optional outer namespace
+#ifdef STITCH_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE
+namespace STITCH_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE {
+#endif
+
+namespace Tbc {
+
+#ifdef TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+    const unsigned int consoleWidth = TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_CONSOLE_WIDTH;
+#else
+    const unsigned int consoleWidth = 80;
+#endif
+
+    struct TextAttributes {
+        TextAttributes()
+        :   initialIndent( std::string::npos ),
+            indent( 0 ),
+            width( consoleWidth-1 ),
+            tabChar( '\t' )
+        {}
+
+        TextAttributes& setInitialIndent( std::size_t _value )  { initialIndent = _value; return *this; }
+        TextAttributes& setIndent( std::size_t _value )         { indent = _value; return *this; }
+        TextAttributes& setWidth( std::size_t _value )          { width = _value; return *this; }
+        TextAttributes& setTabChar( char _value )               { tabChar = _value; return *this; }
+
+        std::size_t initialIndent;  // indent of first line, or npos
+        std::size_t indent;         // indent of subsequent lines, or all if initialIndent is npos
+        std::size_t width;          // maximum width of text, including indent. Longer text will wrap
+        char tabChar;               // If this char is seen the indent is changed to current pos
+    };
+
+    class Text {
+    public:
+        Text( std::string const& _str, TextAttributes const& _attr = TextAttributes() )
+        : attr( _attr )
+        {
+            std::string wrappableChars = " [({.,/|\\-";
+            std::size_t indent = _attr.initialIndent != std::string::npos
+                ? _attr.initialIndent
+                : _attr.indent;
+            std::string remainder = _str;
+
+            while( !remainder.empty() ) {
+                if( lines.size() >= 1000 ) {
+                    lines.push_back( "... message truncated due to excessive size" );
+                    return;
+                }
+                std::size_t tabPos = std::string::npos;
+                std::size_t width = (std::min)( remainder.size(), _attr.width - indent );
+                std::size_t pos = remainder.find_first_of( '\n' );
+                if( pos <= width ) {
+                    width = pos;
+                }
+                pos = remainder.find_last_of( _attr.tabChar, width );
+                if( pos != std::string::npos ) {
+                    tabPos = pos;
+                    if( remainder[width] == '\n' )
+                        width--;
+                    remainder = remainder.substr( 0, tabPos ) + remainder.substr( tabPos+1 );
+                }
+
+                if( width == remainder.size() ) {
+                    spliceLine( indent, remainder, width );
+                }
+                else if( remainder[width] == '\n' ) {
+                    spliceLine( indent, remainder, width );
+                    if( width <= 1 || remainder.size() != 1 )
+                        remainder = remainder.substr( 1 );
+                    indent = _attr.indent;
+                }
+                else {
+                    pos = remainder.find_last_of( wrappableChars, width );
+                    if( pos != std::string::npos && pos > 0 ) {
+                        spliceLine( indent, remainder, pos );
+                        if( remainder[0] == ' ' )
+                            remainder = remainder.substr( 1 );
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        spliceLine( indent, remainder, width-1 );
+                        lines.back() += "-";
+                    }
+                    if( lines.size() == 1 )
+                        indent = _attr.indent;
+                    if( tabPos != std::string::npos )
+                        indent += tabPos;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        void spliceLine( std::size_t _indent, std::string& _remainder, std::size_t _pos ) {
+            lines.push_back( std::string( _indent, ' ' ) + _remainder.substr( 0, _pos ) );
+            _remainder = _remainder.substr( _pos );
+        }
+
+        typedef std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator const_iterator;
+
+        const_iterator begin() const { return lines.begin(); }
+        const_iterator end() const { return lines.end(); }
+        std::string const& last() const { return lines.back(); }
+        std::size_t size() const { return lines.size(); }
+        std::string const& operator[]( std::size_t _index ) const { return lines[_index]; }
+        std::string toString() const {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << *this;
+            return oss.str();
+        }
+
+        inline friend std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& _stream, Text const& _text ) {
+            for( Text::const_iterator it = _text.begin(), itEnd = _text.end();
+                it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+                if( it != _text.begin() )
+                    _stream << "\n";
+                _stream << *it;
+            }
+            return _stream;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::string str;
+        TextAttributes attr;
+        std::vector<std::string> lines;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Tbc
+
+#ifdef STITCH_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE
+} // end outer namespace
+#endif
+
+#endif // TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_H_INCLUDED
+
+// ----------- end of #include from tbc_text_format.h -----------
+// ........... back in /Users/philnash/Dev/OSS/Clara/srcs/clara.h
+
+#undef STITCH_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+
+#include <map>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <memory>
+
+// Use optional outer namespace
+#ifdef STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+#endif
+
+namespace Clara {
+
+    struct UnpositionalTag {};
+
+    extern UnpositionalTag _;
+
+#ifdef CLARA_CONFIG_MAIN
+    UnpositionalTag _;
+#endif
+
+    namespace Detail {
+
+#ifdef CLARA_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+    const unsigned int consoleWidth = CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH;
+#else
+    const unsigned int consoleWidth = 80;
+#endif
+
+        using namespace Tbc;
+
+        inline bool startsWith( std::string const& str, std::string const& prefix ) {
+            return str.size() >= prefix.size() && str.substr( 0, prefix.size() ) == prefix;
+        }
+
+        template<typename T> struct RemoveConstRef{ typedef T type; };
+        template<typename T> struct RemoveConstRef<T&>{ typedef T type; };
+        template<typename T> struct RemoveConstRef<T const&>{ typedef T type; };
+        template<typename T> struct RemoveConstRef<T const>{ typedef T type; };
+
+        template<typename T>    struct IsBool       { static const bool value = false; };
+        template<>              struct IsBool<bool> { static const bool value = true; };
+
+        template<typename T>
+        void convertInto( std::string const& _source, T& _dest ) {
+            std::stringstream ss;
+            ss << _source;
+            ss >> _dest;
+            if( ss.fail() )
+                throw std::runtime_error( "Unable to convert " + _source + " to destination type" );
+        }
+        inline void convertInto( std::string const& _source, std::string& _dest ) {
+            _dest = _source;
+        }
+        inline void convertInto( std::string const& _source, bool& _dest ) {
+            std::string sourceLC = _source;
+            std::transform( sourceLC.begin(), sourceLC.end(), sourceLC.begin(), ::tolower );
+            if( sourceLC == "y" || sourceLC == "1" || sourceLC == "true" || sourceLC == "yes" || sourceLC == "on" )
+                _dest = true;
+            else if( sourceLC == "n" || sourceLC == "0" || sourceLC == "false" || sourceLC == "no" || sourceLC == "off" )
+                _dest = false;
+            else
+                throw std::runtime_error( "Expected a boolean value but did not recognise:\n  '" + _source + "'" );
+        }
+        inline void convertInto( bool _source, bool& _dest ) {
+            _dest = _source;
+        }
+        template<typename T>
+        inline void convertInto( bool, T& ) {
+            throw std::runtime_error( "Invalid conversion" );
+        }
+
+        template<typename ConfigT>
+        struct IArgFunction {
+            virtual ~IArgFunction() {}
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+            IArgFunction()                      = default;
+            IArgFunction( IArgFunction const& ) = default;
+#  endif
+            virtual void set( ConfigT& config, std::string const& value ) const = 0;
+            virtual void setFlag( ConfigT& config ) const = 0;
+            virtual bool takesArg() const = 0;
+            virtual IArgFunction* clone() const = 0;
+        };
+
+        template<typename ConfigT>
+        class BoundArgFunction {
+        public:
+            BoundArgFunction() : functionObj( NULL ) {}
+            BoundArgFunction( IArgFunction<ConfigT>* _functionObj ) : functionObj( _functionObj ) {}
+            BoundArgFunction( BoundArgFunction const& other ) : functionObj( other.functionObj ? other.functionObj->clone() : NULL ) {}
+            BoundArgFunction& operator = ( BoundArgFunction const& other ) {
+                IArgFunction<ConfigT>* newFunctionObj = other.functionObj ? other.functionObj->clone() : NULL;
+                delete functionObj;
+                functionObj = newFunctionObj;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            ~BoundArgFunction() { delete functionObj; }
+
+            void set( ConfigT& config, std::string const& value ) const {
+                functionObj->set( config, value );
+            }
+            void setFlag( ConfigT& config ) const {
+                functionObj->setFlag( config );
+            }
+            bool takesArg() const { return functionObj->takesArg(); }
+
+            bool isSet() const {
+                return functionObj != NULL;
+            }
+        private:
+            IArgFunction<ConfigT>* functionObj;
+        };
+
+        template<typename C>
+        struct NullBinder : IArgFunction<C>{
+            virtual void set( C&, std::string const& ) const {}
+            virtual void setFlag( C& ) const {}
+            virtual bool takesArg() const { return true; }
+            virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new NullBinder( *this ); }
+        };
+
+        template<typename C, typename M>
+        struct BoundDataMember : IArgFunction<C>{
+            BoundDataMember( M C::* _member ) : member( _member ) {}
+            virtual void set( C& p, std::string const& stringValue ) const {
+                convertInto( stringValue, p.*member );
+            }
+            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
+                convertInto( true, p.*member );
+            }
+            virtual bool takesArg() const { return !IsBool<M>::value; }
+            virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundDataMember( *this ); }
+            M C::* member;
+        };
+        template<typename C, typename M>
+        struct BoundUnaryMethod : IArgFunction<C>{
+            BoundUnaryMethod( void (C::*_member)( M ) ) : member( _member ) {}
+            virtual void set( C& p, std::string const& stringValue ) const {
+                typename RemoveConstRef<M>::type value;
+                convertInto( stringValue, value );
+                (p.*member)( value );
+            }
+            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
+                typename RemoveConstRef<M>::type value;
+                convertInto( true, value );
+                (p.*member)( value );
+            }
+            virtual bool takesArg() const { return !IsBool<M>::value; }
+            virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundUnaryMethod( *this ); }
+            void (C::*member)( M );
+        };
+        template<typename C>
+        struct BoundNullaryMethod : IArgFunction<C>{
+            BoundNullaryMethod( void (C::*_member)() ) : member( _member ) {}
+            virtual void set( C& p, std::string const& stringValue ) const {
+                bool value;
+                convertInto( stringValue, value );
+                if( value )
+                    (p.*member)();
+            }
+            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
+                (p.*member)();
+            }
+            virtual bool takesArg() const { return false; }
+            virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundNullaryMethod( *this ); }
+            void (C::*member)();
+        };
+
+        template<typename C>
+        struct BoundUnaryFunction : IArgFunction<C>{
+            BoundUnaryFunction( void (*_function)( C& ) ) : function( _function ) {}
+            virtual void set( C& obj, std::string const& stringValue ) const {
+                bool value;
+                convertInto( stringValue, value );
+                if( value )
+                    function( obj );
+            }
+            virtual void setFlag( C& p ) const {
+                function( p );
+            }
+            virtual bool takesArg() const { return false; }
+            virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundUnaryFunction( *this ); }
+            void (*function)( C& );
+        };
+
+        template<typename C, typename T>
+        struct BoundBinaryFunction : IArgFunction<C>{
+            BoundBinaryFunction( void (*_function)( C&, T ) ) : function( _function ) {}
+            virtual void set( C& obj, std::string const& stringValue ) const {
+                typename RemoveConstRef<T>::type value;
+                convertInto( stringValue, value );
+                function( obj, value );
+            }
+            virtual void setFlag( C& obj ) const {
+                typename RemoveConstRef<T>::type value;
+                convertInto( true, value );
+                function( obj, value );
+            }
+            virtual bool takesArg() const { return !IsBool<T>::value; }
+            virtual IArgFunction<C>* clone() const { return new BoundBinaryFunction( *this ); }
+            void (*function)( C&, T );
+        };
+
+    } // namespace Detail
+
+    struct Parser {
+        Parser() : separators( " \t=:" ) {}
+
+        struct Token {
+            enum Type { Positional, ShortOpt, LongOpt };
+            Token( Type _type, std::string const& _data ) : type( _type ), data( _data ) {}
+            Type type;
+            std::string data;
+        };
+
+        void parseIntoTokens( int argc, char const * const * argv, std::vector<Parser::Token>& tokens ) const {
+            const std::string doubleDash = "--";
+            for( int i = 1; i < argc && argv[i] != doubleDash; ++i )
+                parseIntoTokens( argv[i] , tokens);
+        }
+        void parseIntoTokens( std::string arg, std::vector<Parser::Token>& tokens ) const {
+            while( !arg.empty() ) {
+                Parser::Token token( Parser::Token::Positional, arg );
+                arg = "";
+                if( token.data[0] == '-' ) {
+                    if( token.data.size() > 1 && token.data[1] == '-' ) {
+                        token = Parser::Token( Parser::Token::LongOpt, token.data.substr( 2 ) );
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        token = Parser::Token( Parser::Token::ShortOpt, token.data.substr( 1 ) );
+                        if( token.data.size() > 1 && separators.find( token.data[1] ) == std::string::npos ) {
+                            arg = "-" + token.data.substr( 1 );
+                            token.data = token.data.substr( 0, 1 );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if( token.type != Parser::Token::Positional ) {
+                    std::size_t pos = token.data.find_first_of( separators );
+                    if( pos != std::string::npos ) {
+                        arg = token.data.substr( pos+1 );
+                        token.data = token.data.substr( 0, pos );
+                    }
+                }
+                tokens.push_back( token );
+            }
+        }
+        std::string separators;
+    };
+
+    template<typename ConfigT>
+    struct CommonArgProperties {
+        CommonArgProperties() {}
+        CommonArgProperties( Detail::BoundArgFunction<ConfigT> const& _boundField ) : boundField( _boundField ) {}
+
+        Detail::BoundArgFunction<ConfigT> boundField;
+        std::string description;
+        std::string detail;
+        std::string placeholder; // Only value if boundField takes an arg
+
+        bool takesArg() const {
+            return !placeholder.empty();
+        }
+        void validate() const {
+            if( !boundField.isSet() )
+                throw std::logic_error( "option not bound" );
+        }
+    };
+    struct OptionArgProperties {
+        std::vector<std::string> shortNames;
+        std::string longName;
+
+        bool hasShortName( std::string const& shortName ) const {
+            return std::find( shortNames.begin(), shortNames.end(), shortName ) != shortNames.end();
+        }
+        bool hasLongName( std::string const& _longName ) const {
+            return _longName == longName;
+        }
+    };
+    struct PositionalArgProperties {
+        PositionalArgProperties() : position( -1 ) {}
+        int position; // -1 means non-positional (floating)
+
+        bool isFixedPositional() const {
+            return position != -1;
+        }
+    };
+
+    template<typename ConfigT>
+    class CommandLine {
+
+        struct Arg : CommonArgProperties<ConfigT>, OptionArgProperties, PositionalArgProperties {
+            Arg() {}
+            Arg( Detail::BoundArgFunction<ConfigT> const& _boundField ) : CommonArgProperties<ConfigT>( _boundField ) {}
+
+            using CommonArgProperties<ConfigT>::placeholder; // !TBD
+
+            std::string dbgName() const {
+                if( !longName.empty() )
+                    return "--" + longName;
+                if( !shortNames.empty() )
+                    return "-" + shortNames[0];
+                return "positional args";
+            }
+            std::string commands() const {
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                bool first = true;
+                std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it = shortNames.begin(), itEnd = shortNames.end();
+                for(; it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+                    if( first )
+                        first = false;
+                    else
+                        oss << ", ";
+                    oss << "-" << *it;
+                }
+                if( !longName.empty() ) {
+                    if( !first )
+                        oss << ", ";
+                    oss << "--" << longName;
+                }
+                if( !placeholder.empty() )
+                    oss << " <" << placeholder << ">";
+                return oss.str();
+            }
+        };
+
+        // NOTE: std::auto_ptr is deprecated in c++11/c++0x
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 199711L
+        typedef std::unique_ptr<Arg> ArgAutoPtr;
+#else
+        typedef std::auto_ptr<Arg> ArgAutoPtr;
+#endif
+
+        friend void addOptName( Arg& arg, std::string const& optName )
+        {
+            if( optName.empty() )
+                return;
+            if( Detail::startsWith( optName, "--" ) ) {
+                if( !arg.longName.empty() )
+                    throw std::logic_error( "Only one long opt may be specified. '"
+                        + arg.longName
+                        + "' already specified, now attempting to add '"
+                        + optName + "'" );
+                arg.longName = optName.substr( 2 );
+            }
+            else if( Detail::startsWith( optName, "-" ) )
+                arg.shortNames.push_back( optName.substr( 1 ) );
+            else
+                throw std::logic_error( "option must begin with - or --. Option was: '" + optName + "'" );
+        }
+        friend void setPositionalArg( Arg& arg, int position )
+        {
+            arg.position = position;
+        }
+
+        class ArgBuilder {
+        public:
+            ArgBuilder( Arg* arg ) : m_arg( arg ) {}
+
+            // Bind a non-boolean data member (requires placeholder string)
+            template<typename C, typename M>
+            void bind( M C::* field, std::string const& placeholder ) {
+                m_arg->boundField = new Detail::BoundDataMember<C,M>( field );
+                m_arg->placeholder = placeholder;
+            }
+            // Bind a boolean data member (no placeholder required)
+            template<typename C>
+            void bind( bool C::* field ) {
+                m_arg->boundField = new Detail::BoundDataMember<C,bool>( field );
+            }
+
+            // Bind a method taking a single, non-boolean argument (requires a placeholder string)
+            template<typename C, typename M>
+            void bind( void (C::* unaryMethod)( M ), std::string const& placeholder ) {
+                m_arg->boundField = new Detail::BoundUnaryMethod<C,M>( unaryMethod );
+                m_arg->placeholder = placeholder;
+            }
+
+            // Bind a method taking a single, boolean argument (no placeholder string required)
+            template<typename C>
+            void bind( void (C::* unaryMethod)( bool ) ) {
+                m_arg->boundField = new Detail::BoundUnaryMethod<C,bool>( unaryMethod );
+            }
+
+            // Bind a method that takes no arguments (will be called if opt is present)
+            template<typename C>
+            void bind( void (C::* nullaryMethod)() ) {
+                m_arg->boundField = new Detail::BoundNullaryMethod<C>( nullaryMethod );
+            }
+
+            // Bind a free function taking a single argument - the object to operate on (no placeholder string required)
+            template<typename C>
+            void bind( void (* unaryFunction)( C& ) ) {
+                m_arg->boundField = new Detail::BoundUnaryFunction<C>( unaryFunction );
+            }
+
+            // Bind a free function taking a single argument - the object to operate on (requires a placeholder string)
+            template<typename C, typename T>
+            void bind( void (* binaryFunction)( C&, T ), std::string const& placeholder ) {
+                m_arg->boundField = new Detail::BoundBinaryFunction<C, T>( binaryFunction );
+                m_arg->placeholder = placeholder;
+            }
+
+            ArgBuilder& describe( std::string const& description ) {
+                m_arg->description = description;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            ArgBuilder& detail( std::string const& detail ) {
+                m_arg->detail = detail;
+                return *this;
+            }
+
+        protected:
+            Arg* m_arg;
+        };
+
+        class OptBuilder : public ArgBuilder {
+        public:
+            OptBuilder( Arg* arg ) : ArgBuilder( arg ) {}
+            OptBuilder( OptBuilder& other ) : ArgBuilder( other ) {}
+
+            OptBuilder& operator[]( std::string const& optName ) {
+                addOptName( *ArgBuilder::m_arg, optName );
+                return *this;
+            }
+        };
+
+    public:
+
+        CommandLine()
+        :   m_boundProcessName( new Detail::NullBinder<ConfigT>() ),
+            m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition( 0 ),
+            m_throwOnUnrecognisedTokens( false )
+        {}
+        CommandLine( CommandLine const& other )
+        :   m_boundProcessName( other.m_boundProcessName ),
+            m_options ( other.m_options ),
+            m_positionalArgs( other.m_positionalArgs ),
+            m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition( other.m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition ),
+            m_throwOnUnrecognisedTokens( other.m_throwOnUnrecognisedTokens )
+        {
+            if( other.m_floatingArg.get() )
+                m_floatingArg.reset( new Arg( *other.m_floatingArg ) );
+        }
+
+        CommandLine& setThrowOnUnrecognisedTokens( bool shouldThrow = true ) {
+            m_throwOnUnrecognisedTokens = shouldThrow;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        OptBuilder operator[]( std::string const& optName ) {
+            m_options.push_back( Arg() );
+            addOptName( m_options.back(), optName );
+            OptBuilder builder( &m_options.back() );
+            return builder;
+        }
+
+        ArgBuilder operator[]( int position ) {
+            m_positionalArgs.insert( std::make_pair( position, Arg() ) );
+            if( position > m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition )
+                m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition = position;
+            setPositionalArg( m_positionalArgs[position], position );
+            ArgBuilder builder( &m_positionalArgs[position] );
+            return builder;
+        }
+
+        // Invoke this with the _ instance
+        ArgBuilder operator[]( UnpositionalTag ) {
+            if( m_floatingArg.get() )
+                throw std::logic_error( "Only one unpositional argument can be added" );
+            m_floatingArg.reset( new Arg() );
+            ArgBuilder builder( m_floatingArg.get() );
+            return builder;
+        }
+
+        template<typename C, typename M>
+        void bindProcessName( M C::* field ) {
+            m_boundProcessName = new Detail::BoundDataMember<C,M>( field );
+        }
+        template<typename C, typename M>
+        void bindProcessName( void (C::*_unaryMethod)( M ) ) {
+            m_boundProcessName = new Detail::BoundUnaryMethod<C,M>( _unaryMethod );
+        }
+
+        void optUsage( std::ostream& os, std::size_t indent = 0, std::size_t width = Detail::consoleWidth ) const {
+            typename std::vector<Arg>::const_iterator itBegin = m_options.begin(), itEnd = m_options.end(), it;
+            std::size_t maxWidth = 0;
+            for( it = itBegin; it != itEnd; ++it )
+                maxWidth = (std::max)( maxWidth, it->commands().size() );
+
+            for( it = itBegin; it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+                Detail::Text usage( it->commands(), Detail::TextAttributes()
+                                                        .setWidth( maxWidth+indent )
+                                                        .setIndent( indent ) );
+                Detail::Text desc( it->description, Detail::TextAttributes()
+                                                        .setWidth( width - maxWidth - 3 ) );
+
+                for( std::size_t i = 0; i < (std::max)( usage.size(), desc.size() ); ++i ) {
+                    std::string usageCol = i < usage.size() ? usage[i] : "";
+                    os << usageCol;
+
+                    if( i < desc.size() && !desc[i].empty() )
+                        os  << std::string( indent + 2 + maxWidth - usageCol.size(), ' ' )
+                            << desc[i];
+                    os << "\n";
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        std::string optUsage() const {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            optUsage( oss );
+            return oss.str();
+        }
+
+        void argSynopsis( std::ostream& os ) const {
+            for( int i = 1; i <= m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition; ++i ) {
+                if( i > 1 )
+                    os << " ";
+                typename std::map<int, Arg>::const_iterator it = m_positionalArgs.find( i );
+                if( it != m_positionalArgs.end() )
+                    os << "<" << it->second.placeholder << ">";
+                else if( m_floatingArg.get() )
+                    os << "<" << m_floatingArg->placeholder << ">";
+                else
+                    throw std::logic_error( "non consecutive positional arguments with no floating args" );
+            }
+            // !TBD No indication of mandatory args
+            if( m_floatingArg.get() ) {
+                if( m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition > 1 )
+                    os << " ";
+                os << "[<" << m_floatingArg->placeholder << "> ...]";
+            }
+        }
+        std::string argSynopsis() const {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            argSynopsis( oss );
+            return oss.str();
+        }
+
+        void usage( std::ostream& os, std::string const& procName ) const {
+            validate();
+            os << "usage:\n  " << procName << " ";
+            argSynopsis( os );
+            if( !m_options.empty() ) {
+                os << " [options]\n\nwhere options are: \n";
+                optUsage( os, 2 );
+            }
+            os << "\n";
+        }
+        std::string usage( std::string const& procName ) const {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            usage( oss, procName );
+            return oss.str();
+        }
+
+        ConfigT parse( int argc, char const * const * argv ) const {
+            ConfigT config;
+            parseInto( argc, argv, config );
+            return config;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<Parser::Token> parseInto( int argc, char const * const * argv, ConfigT& config ) const {
+            std::string processName = argv[0];
+            std::size_t lastSlash = processName.find_last_of( "/\\" );
+            if( lastSlash != std::string::npos )
+                processName = processName.substr( lastSlash+1 );
+            m_boundProcessName.set( config, processName );
+            std::vector<Parser::Token> tokens;
+            Parser parser;
+            parser.parseIntoTokens( argc, argv, tokens );
+            return populate( tokens, config );
+        }
+
+        std::vector<Parser::Token> populate( std::vector<Parser::Token> const& tokens, ConfigT& config ) const {
+            validate();
+            std::vector<Parser::Token> unusedTokens = populateOptions( tokens, config );
+            unusedTokens = populateFixedArgs( unusedTokens, config );
+            unusedTokens = populateFloatingArgs( unusedTokens, config );
+            return unusedTokens;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<Parser::Token> populateOptions( std::vector<Parser::Token> const& tokens, ConfigT& config ) const {
+            std::vector<Parser::Token> unusedTokens;
+            std::vector<std::string> errors;
+            for( std::size_t i = 0; i < tokens.size(); ++i ) {
+                Parser::Token const& token = tokens[i];
+                typename std::vector<Arg>::const_iterator it = m_options.begin(), itEnd = m_options.end();
+                for(; it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+                    Arg const& arg = *it;
+
+                    try {
+                        if( ( token.type == Parser::Token::ShortOpt && arg.hasShortName( token.data ) ) ||
+                            ( token.type == Parser::Token::LongOpt && arg.hasLongName( token.data ) ) ) {
+                            if( arg.takesArg() ) {
+                                if( i == tokens.size()-1 || tokens[i+1].type != Parser::Token::Positional )
+                                    errors.push_back( "Expected argument to option: " + token.data );
+                                else
+                                    arg.boundField.set( config, tokens[++i].data );
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                arg.boundField.setFlag( config );
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    catch( std::exception& ex ) {
+                        errors.push_back( std::string( ex.what() ) + "\n- while parsing: (" + arg.commands() + ")" );
+                    }
+                }
+                if( it == itEnd ) {
+                    if( token.type == Parser::Token::Positional || !m_throwOnUnrecognisedTokens )
+                        unusedTokens.push_back( token );
+                    else if( errors.empty() && m_throwOnUnrecognisedTokens )
+                        errors.push_back( "unrecognised option: " + token.data );
+                }
+            }
+            if( !errors.empty() ) {
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                for( std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it = errors.begin(), itEnd = errors.end();
+                        it != itEnd;
+                        ++it ) {
+                    if( it != errors.begin() )
+                        oss << "\n";
+                    oss << *it;
+                }
+                throw std::runtime_error( oss.str() );
+            }
+            return unusedTokens;
+        }
+        std::vector<Parser::Token> populateFixedArgs( std::vector<Parser::Token> const& tokens, ConfigT& config ) const {
+            std::vector<Parser::Token> unusedTokens;
+            int position = 1;
+            for( std::size_t i = 0; i < tokens.size(); ++i ) {
+                Parser::Token const& token = tokens[i];
+                typename std::map<int, Arg>::const_iterator it = m_positionalArgs.find( position );
+                if( it != m_positionalArgs.end() )
+                    it->second.boundField.set( config, token.data );
+                else
+                    unusedTokens.push_back( token );
+                if( token.type == Parser::Token::Positional )
+                    position++;
+            }
+            return unusedTokens;
+        }
+        std::vector<Parser::Token> populateFloatingArgs( std::vector<Parser::Token> const& tokens, ConfigT& config ) const {
+            if( !m_floatingArg.get() )
+                return tokens;
+            std::vector<Parser::Token> unusedTokens;
+            for( std::size_t i = 0; i < tokens.size(); ++i ) {
+                Parser::Token const& token = tokens[i];
+                if( token.type == Parser::Token::Positional )
+                    m_floatingArg->boundField.set( config, token.data );
+                else
+                    unusedTokens.push_back( token );
+            }
+            return unusedTokens;
+        }
+
+        void validate() const
+        {
+            if( m_options.empty() && m_positionalArgs.empty() && !m_floatingArg.get() )
+                throw std::logic_error( "No options or arguments specified" );
+
+            for( typename std::vector<Arg>::const_iterator  it = m_options.begin(),
+                                                            itEnd = m_options.end();
+                    it != itEnd; ++it )
+                it->validate();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        Detail::BoundArgFunction<ConfigT> m_boundProcessName;
+        std::vector<Arg> m_options;
+        std::map<int, Arg> m_positionalArgs;
+        ArgAutoPtr m_floatingArg;
+        int m_highestSpecifiedArgPosition;
+        bool m_throwOnUnrecognisedTokens;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Clara
+
+STITCH_CLARA_CLOSE_NAMESPACE
+#undef STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+#undef STITCH_CLARA_CLOSE_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // TWOBLUECUBES_CLARA_H_INCLUDED
+#undef STITCH_CLARA_OPEN_NAMESPACE
+
+// Restore Clara's value for console width, if present
+#ifdef CATCH_TEMP_CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+#define CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH CATCH_TEMP_CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+#undef CATCH_TEMP_CLARA_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+#endif
+
+#include <fstream>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    inline void abortAfterFirst( ConfigData& config ) { config.abortAfter = 1; }
+    inline void abortAfterX( ConfigData& config, int x ) {
+        if( x < 1 )
+            throw std::runtime_error( "Value after -x or --abortAfter must be greater than zero" );
+        config.abortAfter = x;
+    }
+    inline void addTestOrTags( ConfigData& config, std::string const& _testSpec ) { config.testsOrTags.push_back( _testSpec ); }
+
+    inline void addWarning( ConfigData& config, std::string const& _warning ) {
+        if( _warning == "NoAssertions" )
+            config.warnings = static_cast<WarnAbout::What>( config.warnings | WarnAbout::NoAssertions );
+        else
+            throw std::runtime_error( "Unrecognised warning: '" + _warning + "'" );
+    }
+    inline void setOrder( ConfigData& config, std::string const& order ) {
+        if( startsWith( "declared", order ) )
+            config.runOrder = RunTests::InDeclarationOrder;
+        else if( startsWith( "lexical", order ) )
+            config.runOrder = RunTests::InLexicographicalOrder;
+        else if( startsWith( "random", order ) )
+            config.runOrder = RunTests::InRandomOrder;
+        else
+            throw std::runtime_error( "Unrecognised ordering: '" + order + "'" );
+    }
+    inline void setRngSeed( ConfigData& config, std::string const& seed ) {
+        if( seed == "time" ) {
+            config.rngSeed = static_cast<unsigned int>( std::time(0) );
+        }
+        else {
+            std::stringstream ss;
+            ss << seed;
+            ss >> config.rngSeed;
+            if( ss.fail() )
+                throw std::runtime_error( "Argment to --rng-seed should be the word 'time' or a number" );
+        }
+    }
+    inline void setVerbosity( ConfigData& config, int level ) {
+        // !TBD: accept strings?
+        config.verbosity = static_cast<Verbosity::Level>( level );
+    }
+    inline void setShowDurations( ConfigData& config, bool _showDurations ) {
+        config.showDurations = _showDurations
+            ? ShowDurations::Always
+            : ShowDurations::Never;
+    }
+    inline void loadTestNamesFromFile( ConfigData& config, std::string const& _filename ) {
+        std::ifstream f( _filename.c_str() );
+        if( !f.is_open() )
+            throw std::domain_error( "Unable to load input file: " + _filename );
+
+        std::string line;
+        while( std::getline( f, line ) ) {
+            line = trim(line);
+            if( !line.empty() && !startsWith( line, "#" ) )
+                addTestOrTags( config, "\"" + line + "\"," );
+        }
+    }
+
+    inline Clara::CommandLine<ConfigData> makeCommandLineParser() {
+
+        using namespace Clara;
+        CommandLine<ConfigData> cli;
+
+        cli.bindProcessName( &ConfigData::processName );
+
+        cli["-?"]["-h"]["--help"]
+            .describe( "display usage information" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::showHelp );
+
+        cli["-l"]["--list-tests"]
+            .describe( "list all/matching test cases" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::listTests );
+
+        cli["-t"]["--list-tags"]
+            .describe( "list all/matching tags" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::listTags );
+
+        cli["-s"]["--success"]
+            .describe( "include successful tests in output" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::showSuccessfulTests );
+
+        cli["-b"]["--break"]
+            .describe( "break into debugger on failure" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::shouldDebugBreak );
+
+        cli["-e"]["--nothrow"]
+            .describe( "skip exception tests" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::noThrow );
+
+        cli["-i"]["--invisibles"]
+            .describe( "show invisibles (tabs, newlines)" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::showInvisibles );
+
+        cli["-o"]["--out"]
+            .describe( "output filename" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::outputFilename, "filename" );
+
+        cli["-r"]["--reporter"]
+//            .placeholder( "name[:filename]" )
+            .describe( "reporter to use (defaults to console)" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::reporterName, "name" );
+
+        cli["-n"]["--name"]
+            .describe( "suite name" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::name, "name" );
+
+        cli["-a"]["--abort"]
+            .describe( "abort at first failure" )
+            .bind( &abortAfterFirst );
+
+        cli["-x"]["--abortx"]
+            .describe( "abort after x failures" )
+            .bind( &abortAfterX, "no. failures" );
+
+        cli["-w"]["--warn"]
+            .describe( "enable warnings" )
+            .bind( &addWarning, "warning name" );
+
+// - needs updating if reinstated
+//        cli.into( &setVerbosity )
+//            .describe( "level of verbosity (0=no output)" )
+//            .shortOpt( "v")
+//            .longOpt( "verbosity" )
+//            .placeholder( "level" );
+
+        cli[_]
+            .describe( "which test or tests to use" )
+            .bind( &addTestOrTags, "test name, pattern or tags" );
+
+        cli["-d"]["--durations"]
+            .describe( "show test durations" )
+            .bind( &setShowDurations, "yes/no" );
+
+        cli["-f"]["--input-file"]
+            .describe( "load test names to run from a file" )
+            .bind( &loadTestNamesFromFile, "filename" );
+
+        // Less common commands which don't have a short form
+        cli["--list-test-names-only"]
+            .describe( "list all/matching test cases names only" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::listTestNamesOnly );
+
+        cli["--list-reporters"]
+            .describe( "list all reporters" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::listReporters );
+
+        cli["--order"]
+            .describe( "test case order (defaults to decl)" )
+            .bind( &setOrder, "decl|lex|rand" );
+
+        cli["--rng-seed"]
+            .describe( "set a specific seed for random numbers" )
+            .bind( &setRngSeed, "'time'|number" );
+
+        cli["--force-colour"]
+            .describe( "force colourised output" )
+            .bind( &ConfigData::forceColour );
+
+        return cli;
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_list.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_LIST_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_text.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEXT_H_INCLUDED
+
+#define TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_CONSOLE_WIDTH CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+
+#define CLICHE_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE Catch
+// #included from: ../external/tbc_text_format.h
+// Only use header guard if we are not using an outer namespace
+#ifndef CLICHE_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE
+# ifdef TWOBLUECUBES_TEXT_FORMAT_H_INCLUDED
+#  ifndef TWOBLUECUBES_TEXT_FORMAT_H_ALREADY_INCLUDED
+#   define TWOBLUECUBES_TEXT_FORMAT_H_ALREADY_INCLUDED
+#  endif
+# else
+#  define TWOBLUECUBES_TEXT_FORMAT_H_INCLUDED
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef TWOBLUECUBES_TEXT_FORMAT_H_ALREADY_INCLUDED
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <sstream>
+
+// Use optional outer namespace
+#ifdef CLICHE_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE
+namespace CLICHE_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE {
+#endif
+
+namespace Tbc {
+
+#ifdef TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_CONSOLE_WIDTH
+    const unsigned int consoleWidth = TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_CONSOLE_WIDTH;
+#else
+    const unsigned int consoleWidth = 80;
+#endif
+
+    struct TextAttributes {
+        TextAttributes()
+        :   initialIndent( std::string::npos ),
+            indent( 0 ),
+            width( consoleWidth-1 ),
+            tabChar( '\t' )
+        {}
+
+        TextAttributes& setInitialIndent( std::size_t _value )  { initialIndent = _value; return *this; }
+        TextAttributes& setIndent( std::size_t _value )         { indent = _value; return *this; }
+        TextAttributes& setWidth( std::size_t _value )          { width = _value; return *this; }
+        TextAttributes& setTabChar( char _value )               { tabChar = _value; return *this; }
+
+        std::size_t initialIndent;  // indent of first line, or npos
+        std::size_t indent;         // indent of subsequent lines, or all if initialIndent is npos
+        std::size_t width;          // maximum width of text, including indent. Longer text will wrap
+        char tabChar;               // If this char is seen the indent is changed to current pos
+    };
+
+    class Text {
+    public:
+        Text( std::string const& _str, TextAttributes const& _attr = TextAttributes() )
+        : attr( _attr )
+        {
+            std::string wrappableChars = " [({.,/|\\-";
+            std::size_t indent = _attr.initialIndent != std::string::npos
+                ? _attr.initialIndent
+                : _attr.indent;
+            std::string remainder = _str;
+
+            while( !remainder.empty() ) {
+                if( lines.size() >= 1000 ) {
+                    lines.push_back( "... message truncated due to excessive size" );
+                    return;
+                }
+                std::size_t tabPos = std::string::npos;
+                std::size_t width = (std::min)( remainder.size(), _attr.width - indent );
+                std::size_t pos = remainder.find_first_of( '\n' );
+                if( pos <= width ) {
+                    width = pos;
+                }
+                pos = remainder.find_last_of( _attr.tabChar, width );
+                if( pos != std::string::npos ) {
+                    tabPos = pos;
+                    if( remainder[width] == '\n' )
+                        width--;
+                    remainder = remainder.substr( 0, tabPos ) + remainder.substr( tabPos+1 );
+                }
+
+                if( width == remainder.size() ) {
+                    spliceLine( indent, remainder, width );
+                }
+                else if( remainder[width] == '\n' ) {
+                    spliceLine( indent, remainder, width );
+                    if( width <= 1 || remainder.size() != 1 )
+                        remainder = remainder.substr( 1 );
+                    indent = _attr.indent;
+                }
+                else {
+                    pos = remainder.find_last_of( wrappableChars, width );
+                    if( pos != std::string::npos && pos > 0 ) {
+                        spliceLine( indent, remainder, pos );
+                        if( remainder[0] == ' ' )
+                            remainder = remainder.substr( 1 );
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        spliceLine( indent, remainder, width-1 );
+                        lines.back() += "-";
+                    }
+                    if( lines.size() == 1 )
+                        indent = _attr.indent;
+                    if( tabPos != std::string::npos )
+                        indent += tabPos;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        void spliceLine( std::size_t _indent, std::string& _remainder, std::size_t _pos ) {
+            lines.push_back( std::string( _indent, ' ' ) + _remainder.substr( 0, _pos ) );
+            _remainder = _remainder.substr( _pos );
+        }
+
+        typedef std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator const_iterator;
+
+        const_iterator begin() const { return lines.begin(); }
+        const_iterator end() const { return lines.end(); }
+        std::string const& last() const { return lines.back(); }
+        std::size_t size() const { return lines.size(); }
+        std::string const& operator[]( std::size_t _index ) const { return lines[_index]; }
+        std::string toString() const {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << *this;
+            return oss.str();
+        }
+
+        inline friend std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& _stream, Text const& _text ) {
+            for( Text::const_iterator it = _text.begin(), itEnd = _text.end();
+                it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+                if( it != _text.begin() )
+                    _stream << "\n";
+                _stream << *it;
+            }
+            return _stream;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::string str;
+        TextAttributes attr;
+        std::vector<std::string> lines;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Tbc
+
+#ifdef CLICHE_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE
+} // end outer namespace
+#endif
+
+#endif // TWOBLUECUBES_TEXT_FORMAT_H_ALREADY_INCLUDED
+#undef CLICHE_TBC_TEXT_FORMAT_OUTER_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace Catch {
+    using Tbc::Text;
+    using Tbc::TextAttributes;
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_console_colour.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_CONSOLE_COLOUR_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct Colour {
+        enum Code {
+            None = 0,
+
+            White,
+            Red,
+            Green,
+            Blue,
+            Cyan,
+            Yellow,
+            Grey,
+
+            Bright = 0x10,
+
+            BrightRed = Bright | Red,
+            BrightGreen = Bright | Green,
+            LightGrey = Bright | Grey,
+            BrightWhite = Bright | White,
+
+            // By intention
+            FileName = LightGrey,
+            Warning = Yellow,
+            ResultError = BrightRed,
+            ResultSuccess = BrightGreen,
+            ResultExpectedFailure = Warning,
+
+            Error = BrightRed,
+            Success = Green,
+
+            OriginalExpression = Cyan,
+            ReconstructedExpression = Yellow,
+
+            SecondaryText = LightGrey,
+            Headers = White
+        };
+
+        // Use constructed object for RAII guard
+        Colour( Code _colourCode );
+        Colour( Colour const& other );
+        ~Colour();
+
+        // Use static method for one-shot changes
+        static void use( Code _colourCode );
+
+    private:
+        bool m_moved;
+    };
+
+    inline std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& os, Colour const& ) { return os; }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_interfaces_reporter.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_INTERFACES_REPORTER_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <string>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <map>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+namespace Catch
+{
+    struct ReporterConfig {
+        explicit ReporterConfig( Ptr<IConfig> const& _fullConfig )
+        :   m_stream( &_fullConfig->stream() ), m_fullConfig( _fullConfig ) {}
+
+        ReporterConfig( Ptr<IConfig> const& _fullConfig, std::ostream& _stream )
+        :   m_stream( &_stream ), m_fullConfig( _fullConfig ) {}
+
+        std::ostream& stream() const    { return *m_stream; }
+        Ptr<IConfig> fullConfig() const { return m_fullConfig; }
+
+    private:
+        std::ostream* m_stream;
+        Ptr<IConfig> m_fullConfig;
+    };
+
+    struct ReporterPreferences {
+        ReporterPreferences()
+        : shouldRedirectStdOut( false )
+        {}
+
+        bool shouldRedirectStdOut;
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct LazyStat : Option<T> {
+        LazyStat() : used( false ) {}
+        LazyStat& operator=( T const& _value ) {
+            Option<T>::operator=( _value );
+            used = false;
+            return *this;
+        }
+        void reset() {
+            Option<T>::reset();
+            used = false;
+        }
+        bool used;
+    };
+
+    struct TestRunInfo {
+        TestRunInfo( std::string const& _name ) : name( _name ) {}
+        std::string name;
+    };
+    struct GroupInfo {
+        GroupInfo(  std::string const& _name,
+                    std::size_t _groupIndex,
+                    std::size_t _groupsCount )
+        :   name( _name ),
+            groupIndex( _groupIndex ),
+            groupsCounts( _groupsCount )
+        {}
+
+        std::string name;
+        std::size_t groupIndex;
+        std::size_t groupsCounts;
+    };
+
+    struct AssertionStats {
+        AssertionStats( AssertionResult const& _assertionResult,
+                        std::vector<MessageInfo> const& _infoMessages,
+                        Totals const& _totals )
+        :   assertionResult( _assertionResult ),
+            infoMessages( _infoMessages ),
+            totals( _totals )
+        {
+            if( assertionResult.hasMessage() ) {
+                // Copy message into messages list.
+                // !TBD This should have been done earlier, somewhere
+                MessageBuilder builder( assertionResult.getTestMacroName(), assertionResult.getSourceInfo(), assertionResult.getResultType() );
+                builder << assertionResult.getMessage();
+                builder.m_info.message = builder.m_stream.str();
+
+                infoMessages.push_back( builder.m_info );
+            }
+        }
+        virtual ~AssertionStats();
+
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+        AssertionStats( AssertionStats const& )              = default;
+        AssertionStats( AssertionStats && )                  = default;
+        AssertionStats& operator = ( AssertionStats const& ) = default;
+        AssertionStats& operator = ( AssertionStats && )     = default;
+#  endif
+
+        AssertionResult assertionResult;
+        std::vector<MessageInfo> infoMessages;
+        Totals totals;
+    };
+
+    struct SectionStats {
+        SectionStats(   SectionInfo const& _sectionInfo,
+                        Counts const& _assertions,
+                        double _durationInSeconds,
+                        bool _missingAssertions )
+        :   sectionInfo( _sectionInfo ),
+            assertions( _assertions ),
+            durationInSeconds( _durationInSeconds ),
+            missingAssertions( _missingAssertions )
+        {}
+        virtual ~SectionStats();
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+        SectionStats( SectionStats const& )              = default;
+        SectionStats( SectionStats && )                  = default;
+        SectionStats& operator = ( SectionStats const& ) = default;
+        SectionStats& operator = ( SectionStats && )     = default;
+#  endif
+
+        SectionInfo sectionInfo;
+        Counts assertions;
+        double durationInSeconds;
+        bool missingAssertions;
+    };
+
+    struct TestCaseStats {
+        TestCaseStats(  TestCaseInfo const& _testInfo,
+                        Totals const& _totals,
+                        std::string const& _stdOut,
+                        std::string const& _stdErr,
+                        bool _aborting )
+        : testInfo( _testInfo ),
+            totals( _totals ),
+            stdOut( _stdOut ),
+            stdErr( _stdErr ),
+            aborting( _aborting )
+        {}
+        virtual ~TestCaseStats();
+
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+        TestCaseStats( TestCaseStats const& )              = default;
+        TestCaseStats( TestCaseStats && )                  = default;
+        TestCaseStats& operator = ( TestCaseStats const& ) = default;
+        TestCaseStats& operator = ( TestCaseStats && )     = default;
+#  endif
+
+        TestCaseInfo testInfo;
+        Totals totals;
+        std::string stdOut;
+        std::string stdErr;
+        bool aborting;
+    };
+
+    struct TestGroupStats {
+        TestGroupStats( GroupInfo const& _groupInfo,
+                        Totals const& _totals,
+                        bool _aborting )
+        :   groupInfo( _groupInfo ),
+            totals( _totals ),
+            aborting( _aborting )
+        {}
+        TestGroupStats( GroupInfo const& _groupInfo )
+        :   groupInfo( _groupInfo ),
+            aborting( false )
+        {}
+        virtual ~TestGroupStats();
+
+#  ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+        TestGroupStats( TestGroupStats const& )              = default;
+        TestGroupStats( TestGroupStats && )                  = default;
+        TestGroupStats& operator = ( TestGroupStats const& ) = default;
+        TestGroupStats& operator = ( TestGroupStats && )     = default;
+#  endif
+
+        GroupInfo groupInfo;
+        Totals totals;
+        bool aborting;
+    };
+
+    struct TestRunStats {
+        TestRunStats(   TestRunInfo const& _runInfo,
+                        Totals const& _totals,
+                        bool _aborting )
+        :   runInfo( _runInfo ),
+            totals( _totals ),
+            aborting( _aborting )
+        {}
+        virtual ~TestRunStats();
+
+#  ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_GENERATED_METHODS
+        TestRunStats( TestRunStats const& _other )
+        :   runInfo( _other.runInfo ),
+            totals( _other.totals ),
+            aborting( _other.aborting )
+        {}
+#  else
+        TestRunStats( TestRunStats const& )              = default;
+        TestRunStats( TestRunStats && )                  = default;
+        TestRunStats& operator = ( TestRunStats const& ) = default;
+        TestRunStats& operator = ( TestRunStats && )     = default;
+#  endif
+
+        TestRunInfo runInfo;
+        Totals totals;
+        bool aborting;
+    };
+
+    struct IStreamingReporter : IShared {
+        virtual ~IStreamingReporter();
+
+        // Implementing class must also provide the following static method:
+        // static std::string getDescription();
+
+        virtual ReporterPreferences getPreferences() const = 0;
+
+        virtual void noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& spec ) = 0;
+
+        virtual void testRunStarting( TestRunInfo const& testRunInfo ) = 0;
+        virtual void testGroupStarting( GroupInfo const& groupInfo ) = 0;
+
+        virtual void testCaseStarting( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo ) = 0;
+        virtual void sectionStarting( SectionInfo const& sectionInfo ) = 0;
+
+        virtual void assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& assertionInfo ) = 0;
+
+        // The return value indicates if the messages buffer should be cleared:
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats ) = 0;
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionStats const& sectionStats ) = 0;
+        virtual void testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& testCaseStats ) = 0;
+        virtual void testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& testGroupStats ) = 0;
+        virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& testRunStats ) = 0;
+
+        virtual void skipTest( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo ) = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct IReporterFactory {
+        virtual ~IReporterFactory();
+        virtual IStreamingReporter* create( ReporterConfig const& config ) const = 0;
+        virtual std::string getDescription() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct IReporterRegistry {
+        typedef std::map<std::string, IReporterFactory*> FactoryMap;
+
+        virtual ~IReporterRegistry();
+        virtual IStreamingReporter* create( std::string const& name, Ptr<IConfig> const& config ) const = 0;
+        virtual FactoryMap const& getFactories() const = 0;
+    };
+
+}
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    inline std::size_t listTests( Config const& config ) {
+
+        TestSpec testSpec = config.testSpec();
+        if( config.testSpec().hasFilters() )
+            Catch::cout() << "Matching test cases:\n";
+        else {
+            Catch::cout() << "All available test cases:\n";
+            testSpec = TestSpecParser( ITagAliasRegistry::get() ).parse( "*" ).testSpec();
+        }
+
+        std::size_t matchedTests = 0;
+        TextAttributes nameAttr, tagsAttr;
+        nameAttr.setInitialIndent( 2 ).setIndent( 4 );
+        tagsAttr.setIndent( 6 );
+
+        std::vector<TestCase> matchedTestCases;
+        getRegistryHub().getTestCaseRegistry().getFilteredTests( testSpec, config, matchedTestCases );
+        for( std::vector<TestCase>::const_iterator it = matchedTestCases.begin(), itEnd = matchedTestCases.end();
+                it != itEnd;
+                ++it ) {
+            matchedTests++;
+            TestCaseInfo const& testCaseInfo = it->getTestCaseInfo();
+            Colour::Code colour = testCaseInfo.isHidden()
+                ? Colour::SecondaryText
+                : Colour::None;
+            Colour colourGuard( colour );
+
+            Catch::cout() << Text( testCaseInfo.name, nameAttr ) << std::endl;
+            if( !testCaseInfo.tags.empty() )
+                Catch::cout() << Text( testCaseInfo.tagsAsString, tagsAttr ) << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        if( !config.testSpec().hasFilters() )
+            Catch::cout() << pluralise( matchedTests, "test case" ) << "\n" << std::endl;
+        else
+            Catch::cout() << pluralise( matchedTests, "matching test case" ) << "\n" << std::endl;
+        return matchedTests;
+    }
+
+    inline std::size_t listTestsNamesOnly( Config const& config ) {
+        TestSpec testSpec = config.testSpec();
+        if( !config.testSpec().hasFilters() )
+            testSpec = TestSpecParser( ITagAliasRegistry::get() ).parse( "*" ).testSpec();
+        std::size_t matchedTests = 0;
+        std::vector<TestCase> matchedTestCases;
+        getRegistryHub().getTestCaseRegistry().getFilteredTests( testSpec, config, matchedTestCases );
+        for( std::vector<TestCase>::const_iterator it = matchedTestCases.begin(), itEnd = matchedTestCases.end();
+                it != itEnd;
+                ++it ) {
+            matchedTests++;
+            TestCaseInfo const& testCaseInfo = it->getTestCaseInfo();
+            Catch::cout() << testCaseInfo.name << std::endl;
+        }
+        return matchedTests;
+    }
+
+    struct TagInfo {
+        TagInfo() : count ( 0 ) {}
+        void add( std::string const& spelling ) {
+            ++count;
+            spellings.insert( spelling );
+        }
+        std::string all() const {
+            std::string out;
+            for( std::set<std::string>::const_iterator it = spellings.begin(), itEnd = spellings.end();
+                        it != itEnd;
+                        ++it )
+                out += "[" + *it + "]";
+            return out;
+        }
+        std::set<std::string> spellings;
+        std::size_t count;
+    };
+
+    inline std::size_t listTags( Config const& config ) {
+        TestSpec testSpec = config.testSpec();
+        if( config.testSpec().hasFilters() )
+            Catch::cout() << "Tags for matching test cases:\n";
+        else {
+            Catch::cout() << "All available tags:\n";
+            testSpec = TestSpecParser( ITagAliasRegistry::get() ).parse( "*" ).testSpec();
+        }
+
+        std::map<std::string, TagInfo> tagCounts;
+
+        std::vector<TestCase> matchedTestCases;
+        getRegistryHub().getTestCaseRegistry().getFilteredTests( testSpec, config, matchedTestCases );
+        for( std::vector<TestCase>::const_iterator it = matchedTestCases.begin(), itEnd = matchedTestCases.end();
+                it != itEnd;
+                ++it ) {
+            for( std::set<std::string>::const_iterator  tagIt = it->getTestCaseInfo().tags.begin(),
+                                                        tagItEnd = it->getTestCaseInfo().tags.end();
+                    tagIt != tagItEnd;
+                    ++tagIt ) {
+                std::string tagName = *tagIt;
+                std::string lcaseTagName = toLower( tagName );
+                std::map<std::string, TagInfo>::iterator countIt = tagCounts.find( lcaseTagName );
+                if( countIt == tagCounts.end() )
+                    countIt = tagCounts.insert( std::make_pair( lcaseTagName, TagInfo() ) ).first;
+                countIt->second.add( tagName );
+            }
+        }
+
+        for( std::map<std::string, TagInfo>::const_iterator countIt = tagCounts.begin(),
+                                                            countItEnd = tagCounts.end();
+                countIt != countItEnd;
+                ++countIt ) {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << "  " << std::setw(2) << countIt->second.count << "  ";
+            Text wrapper( countIt->second.all(), TextAttributes()
+                                                    .setInitialIndent( 0 )
+                                                    .setIndent( oss.str().size() )
+                                                    .setWidth( CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH-10 ) );
+            Catch::cout() << oss.str() << wrapper << "\n";
+        }
+        Catch::cout() << pluralise( tagCounts.size(), "tag" ) << "\n" << std::endl;
+        return tagCounts.size();
+    }
+
+    inline std::size_t listReporters( Config const& /*config*/ ) {
+        Catch::cout() << "Available reporters:\n";
+        IReporterRegistry::FactoryMap const& factories = getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().getFactories();
+        IReporterRegistry::FactoryMap::const_iterator itBegin = factories.begin(), itEnd = factories.end(), it;
+        std::size_t maxNameLen = 0;
+        for(it = itBegin; it != itEnd; ++it )
+            maxNameLen = (std::max)( maxNameLen, it->first.size() );
+
+        for(it = itBegin; it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+            Text wrapper( it->second->getDescription(), TextAttributes()
+                                                        .setInitialIndent( 0 )
+                                                        .setIndent( 7+maxNameLen )
+                                                        .setWidth( CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - maxNameLen-8 ) );
+            Catch::cout() << "  "
+                    << it->first
+                    << ":"
+                    << std::string( maxNameLen - it->first.size() + 2, ' ' )
+                    << wrapper << "\n";
+        }
+        Catch::cout() << std::endl;
+        return factories.size();
+    }
+
+    inline Option<std::size_t> list( Config const& config ) {
+        Option<std::size_t> listedCount;
+        if( config.listTests() )
+            listedCount = listedCount.valueOr(0) + listTests( config );
+        if( config.listTestNamesOnly() )
+            listedCount = listedCount.valueOr(0) + listTestsNamesOnly( config );
+        if( config.listTags() )
+            listedCount = listedCount.valueOr(0) + listTags( config );
+        if( config.listReporters() )
+            listedCount = listedCount.valueOr(0) + listReporters( config );
+        return listedCount;
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_runner_impl.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_RUNNER_IMPL_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_test_case_tracker.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEST_CASE_TRACKER_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+namespace Catch {
+namespace SectionTracking {
+
+    class TrackedSection {
+
+        typedef std::map<std::string, TrackedSection> TrackedSections;
+
+    public:
+        enum RunState {
+            NotStarted,
+            Executing,
+            ExecutingChildren,
+            Completed
+        };
+
+        TrackedSection( std::string const& name, TrackedSection* parent )
+        :   m_name( name ), m_runState( NotStarted ), m_parent( parent )
+        {}
+
+        RunState runState() const { return m_runState; }
+
+        TrackedSection* findChild( std::string const& childName ) {
+            TrackedSections::iterator it = m_children.find( childName );
+            return it != m_children.end()
+                ? &it->second
+                : NULL;
+        }
+        TrackedSection* acquireChild( std::string const& childName ) {
+            if( TrackedSection* child = findChild( childName ) )
+                return child;
+            m_children.insert( std::make_pair( childName, TrackedSection( childName, this ) ) );
+            return findChild( childName );
+        }
+        void enter() {
+            if( m_runState == NotStarted )
+                m_runState = Executing;
+        }
+        void leave() {
+            for( TrackedSections::const_iterator it = m_children.begin(), itEnd = m_children.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it )
+                if( it->second.runState() != Completed ) {
+                    m_runState = ExecutingChildren;
+                    return;
+                }
+            m_runState = Completed;
+        }
+        TrackedSection* getParent() {
+            return m_parent;
+        }
+        bool hasChildren() const {
+            return !m_children.empty();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::string m_name;
+        RunState m_runState;
+        TrackedSections m_children;
+        TrackedSection* m_parent;
+
+    };
+
+    class TestCaseTracker {
+    public:
+        TestCaseTracker( std::string const& testCaseName )
+        :   m_testCase( testCaseName, NULL ),
+            m_currentSection( &m_testCase ),
+            m_completedASectionThisRun( false )
+        {}
+
+        bool enterSection( std::string const& name ) {
+            TrackedSection* child = m_currentSection->acquireChild( name );
+            if( m_completedASectionThisRun || child->runState() == TrackedSection::Completed )
+                return false;
+
+            m_currentSection = child;
+            m_currentSection->enter();
+            return true;
+        }
+        void leaveSection() {
+            m_currentSection->leave();
+            m_currentSection = m_currentSection->getParent();
+            assert( m_currentSection != NULL );
+            m_completedASectionThisRun = true;
+        }
+
+        bool currentSectionHasChildren() const {
+            return m_currentSection->hasChildren();
+        }
+        bool isCompleted() const {
+            return m_testCase.runState() == TrackedSection::Completed;
+        }
+
+        class Guard {
+        public:
+            Guard( TestCaseTracker& tracker ) : m_tracker( tracker ) {
+                m_tracker.enterTestCase();
+            }
+            ~Guard() {
+                m_tracker.leaveTestCase();
+            }
+        private:
+            Guard( Guard const& );
+            void operator = ( Guard const& );
+            TestCaseTracker& m_tracker;
+        };
+
+    private:
+        void enterTestCase() {
+            m_currentSection = &m_testCase;
+            m_completedASectionThisRun = false;
+            m_testCase.enter();
+        }
+        void leaveTestCase() {
+            m_testCase.leave();
+        }
+
+        TrackedSection m_testCase;
+        TrackedSection* m_currentSection;
+        bool m_completedASectionThisRun;
+    };
+
+} // namespace SectionTracking
+
+using SectionTracking::TestCaseTracker;
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_fatal_condition.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_FATAL_CONDITION_H_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    // Report the error condition then exit the process
+    inline void fatal( std::string const& message, int exitCode ) {
+        IContext& context = Catch::getCurrentContext();
+        IResultCapture* resultCapture = context.getResultCapture();
+        resultCapture->handleFatalErrorCondition( message );
+
+		if( Catch::alwaysTrue() ) // avoids "no return" warnings
+            exit( exitCode );
+    }
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+#if defined ( CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS ) /////////////////////////////////////////
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct FatalConditionHandler {
+		void reset() {}
+	};
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+#else // Not Windows - assumed to be POSIX compatible //////////////////////////
+
+#include <signal.h>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct SignalDefs { int id; const char* name; };
+    extern SignalDefs signalDefs[];
+    SignalDefs signalDefs[] = {
+            { SIGINT,  "SIGINT - Terminal interrupt signal" },
+            { SIGILL,  "SIGILL - Illegal instruction signal" },
+            { SIGFPE,  "SIGFPE - Floating point error signal" },
+            { SIGSEGV, "SIGSEGV - Segmentation violation signal" },
+            { SIGTERM, "SIGTERM - Termination request signal" },
+            { SIGABRT, "SIGABRT - Abort (abnormal termination) signal" }
+        };
+
+    struct FatalConditionHandler {
+
+        static void handleSignal( int sig ) {
+            for( std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs)/sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i )
+                if( sig == signalDefs[i].id )
+                    fatal( signalDefs[i].name, -sig );
+            fatal( "<unknown signal>", -sig );
+        }
+
+        FatalConditionHandler() : m_isSet( true ) {
+            for( std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs)/sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i )
+                signal( signalDefs[i].id, handleSignal );
+        }
+        ~FatalConditionHandler() {
+            reset();
+        }
+        void reset() {
+            if( m_isSet ) {
+                for( std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs)/sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i )
+                    signal( signalDefs[i].id, SIG_DFL );
+                m_isSet = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        bool m_isSet;
+    };
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+#endif // not Windows
+
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class StreamRedirect {
+
+    public:
+        StreamRedirect( std::ostream& stream, std::string& targetString )
+        :   m_stream( stream ),
+            m_prevBuf( stream.rdbuf() ),
+            m_targetString( targetString )
+        {
+            stream.rdbuf( m_oss.rdbuf() );
+        }
+
+        ~StreamRedirect() {
+            m_targetString += m_oss.str();
+            m_stream.rdbuf( m_prevBuf );
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::ostream& m_stream;
+        std::streambuf* m_prevBuf;
+        std::ostringstream m_oss;
+        std::string& m_targetString;
+    };
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    class RunContext : public IResultCapture, public IRunner {
+
+        RunContext( RunContext const& );
+        void operator =( RunContext const& );
+
+    public:
+
+        explicit RunContext( Ptr<IConfig const> const& config, Ptr<IStreamingReporter> const& reporter )
+        :   m_runInfo( config->name() ),
+            m_context( getCurrentMutableContext() ),
+            m_activeTestCase( NULL ),
+            m_config( config ),
+            m_reporter( reporter ),
+            m_prevRunner( m_context.getRunner() ),
+            m_prevResultCapture( m_context.getResultCapture() ),
+            m_prevConfig( m_context.getConfig() )
+        {
+            m_context.setRunner( this );
+            m_context.setConfig( m_config );
+            m_context.setResultCapture( this );
+            m_reporter->testRunStarting( m_runInfo );
+        }
+
+        virtual ~RunContext() {
+            m_reporter->testRunEnded( TestRunStats( m_runInfo, m_totals, aborting() ) );
+            m_context.setRunner( m_prevRunner );
+            m_context.setConfig( NULL );
+            m_context.setResultCapture( m_prevResultCapture );
+            m_context.setConfig( m_prevConfig );
+        }
+
+        void testGroupStarting( std::string const& testSpec, std::size_t groupIndex, std::size_t groupsCount ) {
+            m_reporter->testGroupStarting( GroupInfo( testSpec, groupIndex, groupsCount ) );
+        }
+        void testGroupEnded( std::string const& testSpec, Totals const& totals, std::size_t groupIndex, std::size_t groupsCount ) {
+            m_reporter->testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats( GroupInfo( testSpec, groupIndex, groupsCount ), totals, aborting() ) );
+        }
+
+        Totals runTest( TestCase const& testCase ) {
+            Totals prevTotals = m_totals;
+
+            std::string redirectedCout;
+            std::string redirectedCerr;
+
+            TestCaseInfo testInfo = testCase.getTestCaseInfo();
+
+            m_reporter->testCaseStarting( testInfo );
+
+            m_activeTestCase = &testCase;
+            m_testCaseTracker = TestCaseTracker( testInfo.name );
+
+            do {
+                do {
+                    runCurrentTest( redirectedCout, redirectedCerr );
+                }
+                while( !m_testCaseTracker->isCompleted() && !aborting() );
+            }
+            while( getCurrentContext().advanceGeneratorsForCurrentTest() && !aborting() );
+
+            Totals deltaTotals = m_totals.delta( prevTotals );
+            m_totals.testCases += deltaTotals.testCases;
+            m_reporter->testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats(   testInfo,
+                                                        deltaTotals,
+                                                        redirectedCout,
+                                                        redirectedCerr,
+                                                        aborting() ) );
+
+            m_activeTestCase = NULL;
+            m_testCaseTracker.reset();
+
+            return deltaTotals;
+        }
+
+        Ptr<IConfig const> config() const {
+            return m_config;
+        }
+
+    private: // IResultCapture
+
+        virtual void assertionEnded( AssertionResult const& result ) {
+            if( result.getResultType() == ResultWas::Ok ) {
+                m_totals.assertions.passed++;
+            }
+            else if( !result.isOk() ) {
+                m_totals.assertions.failed++;
+            }
+
+            if( m_reporter->assertionEnded( AssertionStats( result, m_messages, m_totals ) ) )
+                m_messages.clear();
+
+            // Reset working state
+            m_lastAssertionInfo = AssertionInfo( "", m_lastAssertionInfo.lineInfo, "{Unknown expression after the reported line}" , m_lastAssertionInfo.resultDisposition );
+            m_lastResult = result;
+        }
+
+        virtual bool sectionStarted (
+            SectionInfo const& sectionInfo,
+            Counts& assertions
+        )
+        {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << sectionInfo.name << "@" << sectionInfo.lineInfo;
+
+            if( !m_testCaseTracker->enterSection( oss.str() ) )
+                return false;
+
+            m_lastAssertionInfo.lineInfo = sectionInfo.lineInfo;
+
+            m_reporter->sectionStarting( sectionInfo );
+
+            assertions = m_totals.assertions;
+
+            return true;
+        }
+        bool testForMissingAssertions( Counts& assertions ) {
+            if( assertions.total() != 0 ||
+                    !m_config->warnAboutMissingAssertions() ||
+                    m_testCaseTracker->currentSectionHasChildren() )
+                return false;
+            m_totals.assertions.failed++;
+            assertions.failed++;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionInfo const& info, Counts const& prevAssertions, double _durationInSeconds ) {
+            if( std::uncaught_exception() ) {
+                m_unfinishedSections.push_back( UnfinishedSections( info, prevAssertions, _durationInSeconds ) );
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Counts assertions = m_totals.assertions - prevAssertions;
+            bool missingAssertions = testForMissingAssertions( assertions );
+
+            m_testCaseTracker->leaveSection();
+
+            m_reporter->sectionEnded( SectionStats( info, assertions, _durationInSeconds, missingAssertions ) );
+            m_messages.clear();
+        }
+
+        virtual void pushScopedMessage( MessageInfo const& message ) {
+            m_messages.push_back( message );
+        }
+
+        virtual void popScopedMessage( MessageInfo const& message ) {
+            m_messages.erase( std::remove( m_messages.begin(), m_messages.end(), message ), m_messages.end() );
+        }
+
+        virtual std::string getCurrentTestName() const {
+            return m_activeTestCase
+                ? m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo().name
+                : "";
+        }
+
+        virtual const AssertionResult* getLastResult() const {
+            return &m_lastResult;
+        }
+
+        virtual void handleFatalErrorCondition( std::string const& message ) {
+            ResultBuilder resultBuilder = makeUnexpectedResultBuilder();
+            resultBuilder.setResultType( ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition );
+            resultBuilder << message;
+            resultBuilder.captureExpression();
+
+            handleUnfinishedSections();
+
+            // Recreate section for test case (as we will lose the one that was in scope)
+            TestCaseInfo const& testCaseInfo = m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo();
+            SectionInfo testCaseSection( testCaseInfo.lineInfo, testCaseInfo.name, testCaseInfo.description );
+
+            Counts assertions;
+            assertions.failed = 1;
+            SectionStats testCaseSectionStats( testCaseSection, assertions, 0, false );
+            m_reporter->sectionEnded( testCaseSectionStats );
+
+            TestCaseInfo testInfo = m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo();
+
+            Totals deltaTotals;
+            deltaTotals.testCases.failed = 1;
+            m_reporter->testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats(   testInfo,
+                                                        deltaTotals,
+                                                        "",
+                                                        "",
+                                                        false ) );
+            m_totals.testCases.failed++;
+            testGroupEnded( "", m_totals, 1, 1 );
+            m_reporter->testRunEnded( TestRunStats( m_runInfo, m_totals, false ) );
+        }
+
+    public:
+        // !TBD We need to do this another way!
+        bool aborting() const {
+            return m_totals.assertions.failed == static_cast<std::size_t>( m_config->abortAfter() );
+        }
+
+    private:
+
+        void runCurrentTest( std::string& redirectedCout, std::string& redirectedCerr ) {
+            TestCaseInfo const& testCaseInfo = m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo();
+            SectionInfo testCaseSection( testCaseInfo.lineInfo, testCaseInfo.name, testCaseInfo.description );
+            m_reporter->sectionStarting( testCaseSection );
+            Counts prevAssertions = m_totals.assertions;
+            double duration = 0;
+            try {
+                m_lastAssertionInfo = AssertionInfo( "TEST_CASE", testCaseInfo.lineInfo, "", ResultDisposition::Normal );
+                TestCaseTracker::Guard guard( *m_testCaseTracker );
+
+                Timer timer;
+                timer.start();
+                if( m_reporter->getPreferences().shouldRedirectStdOut ) {
+                    StreamRedirect coutRedir( Catch::cout(), redirectedCout );
+                    StreamRedirect cerrRedir( Catch::cerr(), redirectedCerr );
+                    invokeActiveTestCase();
+                }
+                else {
+                    invokeActiveTestCase();
+                }
+                duration = timer.getElapsedSeconds();
+            }
+            catch( TestFailureException& ) {
+                // This just means the test was aborted due to failure
+            }
+            catch(...) {
+                makeUnexpectedResultBuilder().useActiveException();
+            }
+            handleUnfinishedSections();
+            m_messages.clear();
+
+            Counts assertions = m_totals.assertions - prevAssertions;
+            bool missingAssertions = testForMissingAssertions( assertions );
+
+            if( testCaseInfo.okToFail() ) {
+                std::swap( assertions.failedButOk, assertions.failed );
+                m_totals.assertions.failed -= assertions.failedButOk;
+                m_totals.assertions.failedButOk += assertions.failedButOk;
+            }
+
+            SectionStats testCaseSectionStats( testCaseSection, assertions, duration, missingAssertions );
+            m_reporter->sectionEnded( testCaseSectionStats );
+        }
+
+        void invokeActiveTestCase() {
+            FatalConditionHandler fatalConditionHandler; // Handle signals
+            m_activeTestCase->invoke();
+            fatalConditionHandler.reset();
+        }
+
+    private:
+
+        ResultBuilder makeUnexpectedResultBuilder() const {
+            return ResultBuilder(   m_lastAssertionInfo.macroName.c_str(),
+                                    m_lastAssertionInfo.lineInfo,
+                                    m_lastAssertionInfo.capturedExpression.c_str(),
+                                    m_lastAssertionInfo.resultDisposition );
+        }
+
+        void handleUnfinishedSections() {
+            // If sections ended prematurely due to an exception we stored their
+            // infos here so we can tear them down outside the unwind process.
+            for( std::vector<UnfinishedSections>::const_reverse_iterator it = m_unfinishedSections.rbegin(),
+                        itEnd = m_unfinishedSections.rend();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it )
+                sectionEnded( it->info, it->prevAssertions, it->durationInSeconds );
+            m_unfinishedSections.clear();
+        }
+
+        struct UnfinishedSections {
+            UnfinishedSections( SectionInfo const& _info, Counts const& _prevAssertions, double _durationInSeconds )
+            : info( _info ), prevAssertions( _prevAssertions ), durationInSeconds( _durationInSeconds )
+            {}
+
+            SectionInfo info;
+            Counts prevAssertions;
+            double durationInSeconds;
+        };
+
+        TestRunInfo m_runInfo;
+        IMutableContext& m_context;
+        TestCase const* m_activeTestCase;
+        Option<TestCaseTracker> m_testCaseTracker;
+        AssertionResult m_lastResult;
+
+        Ptr<IConfig const> m_config;
+        Totals m_totals;
+        Ptr<IStreamingReporter> m_reporter;
+        std::vector<MessageInfo> m_messages;
+        IRunner* m_prevRunner;
+        IResultCapture* m_prevResultCapture;
+        Ptr<IConfig const> m_prevConfig;
+        AssertionInfo m_lastAssertionInfo;
+        std::vector<UnfinishedSections> m_unfinishedSections;
+    };
+
+    IResultCapture& getResultCapture() {
+        if( IResultCapture* capture = getCurrentContext().getResultCapture() )
+            return *capture;
+        else
+            throw std::logic_error( "No result capture instance" );
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_version.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_VERSION_H_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    // Versioning information
+    struct Version {
+        Version(    unsigned int _majorVersion,
+                    unsigned int _minorVersion,
+                    unsigned int _buildNumber,
+                    char const* const _branchName )
+        :   majorVersion( _majorVersion ),
+            minorVersion( _minorVersion ),
+            buildNumber( _buildNumber ),
+            branchName( _branchName )
+        {}
+
+        unsigned int const majorVersion;
+        unsigned int const minorVersion;
+        unsigned int const buildNumber;
+        char const* const branchName;
+
+    private:
+        void operator=( Version const& );
+    };
+
+    extern Version libraryVersion;
+}
+
+#include <fstream>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <limits>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class Runner {
+
+    public:
+        Runner( Ptr<Config> const& config )
+        :   m_config( config )
+        {
+            openStream();
+            makeReporter();
+        }
+
+        Totals runTests() {
+
+            RunContext context( m_config.get(), m_reporter );
+
+            Totals totals;
+
+            context.testGroupStarting( "all tests", 1, 1 ); // deprecated?
+
+            TestSpec testSpec = m_config->testSpec();
+            if( !testSpec.hasFilters() )
+                testSpec = TestSpecParser( ITagAliasRegistry::get() ).parse( "~[.]" ).testSpec(); // All not hidden tests
+
+            std::vector<TestCase> testCases;
+            getRegistryHub().getTestCaseRegistry().getFilteredTests( testSpec, *m_config, testCases );
+
+            int testsRunForGroup = 0;
+            for( std::vector<TestCase>::const_iterator it = testCases.begin(), itEnd = testCases.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it ) {
+                testsRunForGroup++;
+                if( m_testsAlreadyRun.find( *it ) == m_testsAlreadyRun.end() ) {
+
+                    if( context.aborting() )
+                        break;
+
+                    totals += context.runTest( *it );
+                    m_testsAlreadyRun.insert( *it );
+                }
+            }
+            std::vector<TestCase> skippedTestCases;
+            getRegistryHub().getTestCaseRegistry().getFilteredTests( testSpec, *m_config, skippedTestCases, true );
+
+            for( std::vector<TestCase>::const_iterator it = skippedTestCases.begin(), itEnd = skippedTestCases.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it )
+                m_reporter->skipTest( *it );
+
+            context.testGroupEnded( "all tests", totals, 1, 1 );
+            return totals;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        void openStream() {
+            // Open output file, if specified
+            if( !m_config->getFilename().empty() ) {
+                m_ofs.open( m_config->getFilename().c_str() );
+                if( m_ofs.fail() ) {
+                    std::ostringstream oss;
+                    oss << "Unable to open file: '" << m_config->getFilename() << "'";
+                    throw std::domain_error( oss.str() );
+                }
+                m_config->setStreamBuf( m_ofs.rdbuf() );
+            }
+        }
+        void makeReporter() {
+            std::string reporterName = m_config->getReporterName().empty()
+                ? "console"
+                : m_config->getReporterName();
+
+            m_reporter = getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().create( reporterName, m_config.get() );
+            if( !m_reporter ) {
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                oss << "No reporter registered with name: '" << reporterName << "'";
+                throw std::domain_error( oss.str() );
+            }
+        }
+
+    private:
+        Ptr<Config> m_config;
+        std::ofstream m_ofs;
+        Ptr<IStreamingReporter> m_reporter;
+        std::set<TestCase> m_testsAlreadyRun;
+    };
+
+    class Session : NonCopyable {
+        static bool alreadyInstantiated;
+
+    public:
+
+        struct OnUnusedOptions { enum DoWhat { Ignore, Fail }; };
+
+        Session()
+        : m_cli( makeCommandLineParser() ) {
+            if( alreadyInstantiated ) {
+                std::string msg = "Only one instance of Catch::Session can ever be used";
+                Catch::cerr() << msg << std::endl;
+                throw std::logic_error( msg );
+            }
+            alreadyInstantiated = true;
+        }
+        ~Session() {
+            Catch::cleanUp();
+        }
+
+        void showHelp( std::string const& processName ) {
+            Catch::cout() << "\nCatch v"    << libraryVersion.majorVersion << "."
+                                        << libraryVersion.minorVersion << " build "
+                                        << libraryVersion.buildNumber;
+            if( libraryVersion.branchName != std::string( "master" ) )
+                Catch::cout() << " (" << libraryVersion.branchName << " branch)";
+            Catch::cout() << "\n";
+
+            m_cli.usage( Catch::cout(), processName );
+            Catch::cout() << "For more detail usage please see the project docs\n" << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        int applyCommandLine( int argc, char* const argv[], OnUnusedOptions::DoWhat unusedOptionBehaviour = OnUnusedOptions::Fail ) {
+            try {
+                m_cli.setThrowOnUnrecognisedTokens( unusedOptionBehaviour == OnUnusedOptions::Fail );
+                m_unusedTokens = m_cli.parseInto( argc, argv, m_configData );
+                if( m_configData.showHelp )
+                    showHelp( m_configData.processName );
+                m_config.reset();
+            }
+            catch( std::exception& ex ) {
+                {
+                    Colour colourGuard( Colour::Red );
+                    Catch::cerr()   << "\nError(s) in input:\n"
+                                << Text( ex.what(), TextAttributes().setIndent(2) )
+                                << "\n\n";
+                }
+                m_cli.usage( Catch::cout(), m_configData.processName );
+                return (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)();
+            }
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        void useConfigData( ConfigData const& _configData ) {
+            m_configData = _configData;
+            m_config.reset();
+        }
+
+        int run( int argc, char* const argv[] ) {
+
+            int returnCode = applyCommandLine( argc, argv );
+            if( returnCode == 0 )
+                returnCode = run();
+            return returnCode;
+        }
+
+        int run() {
+            if( m_configData.showHelp )
+                return 0;
+
+            try
+            {
+                config(); // Force config to be constructed
+
+                std::srand( m_configData.rngSeed );
+
+                Runner runner( m_config );
+
+                // Handle list request
+                if( Option<std::size_t> listed = list( config() ) )
+                    return static_cast<int>( *listed );
+
+                return static_cast<int>( runner.runTests().assertions.failed );
+            }
+            catch( std::exception& ex ) {
+                Catch::cerr() << ex.what() << std::endl;
+                return (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)();
+            }
+        }
+
+        Clara::CommandLine<ConfigData> const& cli() const {
+            return m_cli;
+        }
+        std::vector<Clara::Parser::Token> const& unusedTokens() const {
+            return m_unusedTokens;
+        }
+        ConfigData& configData() {
+            return m_configData;
+        }
+        Config& config() {
+            if( !m_config )
+                m_config = new Config( m_configData );
+            return *m_config;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        Clara::CommandLine<ConfigData> m_cli;
+        std::vector<Clara::Parser::Token> m_unusedTokens;
+        ConfigData m_configData;
+        Ptr<Config> m_config;
+    };
+
+    bool Session::alreadyInstantiated = false;
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_registry_hub.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REGISTRY_HUB_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_test_case_registry_impl.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEST_CASE_REGISTRY_IMPL_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TestRegistry : public ITestCaseRegistry {
+        struct LexSort {
+            bool operator() (TestCase i,TestCase j) const { return (i<j);}
+        };
+        struct RandomNumberGenerator {
+            int operator()( int n ) const { return std::rand() % n; }
+        };
+
+    public:
+        TestRegistry() : m_unnamedCount( 0 ) {}
+        virtual ~TestRegistry();
+
+        virtual void registerTest( TestCase const& testCase ) {
+            std::string name = testCase.getTestCaseInfo().name;
+            if( name == "" ) {
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                oss << "Anonymous test case " << ++m_unnamedCount;
+                return registerTest( testCase.withName( oss.str() ) );
+            }
+
+            if( m_functions.find( testCase ) == m_functions.end() ) {
+                m_functions.insert( testCase );
+                m_functionsInOrder.push_back( testCase );
+                if( !testCase.isHidden() )
+                    m_nonHiddenFunctions.push_back( testCase );
+            }
+            else {
+                TestCase const& prev = *m_functions.find( testCase );
+                {
+                    Colour colourGuard( Colour::Red );
+                    Catch::cerr()   << "error: TEST_CASE( \"" << name << "\" ) already defined.\n"
+                                << "\tFirst seen at " << prev.getTestCaseInfo().lineInfo << "\n"
+                                << "\tRedefined at " << testCase.getTestCaseInfo().lineInfo << std::endl;
+                }
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        virtual std::vector<TestCase> const& getAllTests() const {
+            return m_functionsInOrder;
+        }
+
+        virtual std::vector<TestCase> const& getAllNonHiddenTests() const {
+            return m_nonHiddenFunctions;
+        }
+
+        virtual void getFilteredTests( TestSpec const& testSpec, IConfig const& config, std::vector<TestCase>& matchingTestCases, bool negated = false ) const {
+
+            for( std::vector<TestCase>::const_iterator  it = m_functionsInOrder.begin(),
+                                                        itEnd = m_functionsInOrder.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it ) {
+                bool includeTest = testSpec.matches( *it ) && ( config.allowThrows() || !it->throws() );
+                if( includeTest != negated )
+                    matchingTestCases.push_back( *it );
+            }
+            sortTests( config, matchingTestCases );
+        }
+
+    private:
+
+        static void sortTests( IConfig const& config, std::vector<TestCase>& matchingTestCases ) {
+
+            switch( config.runOrder() ) {
+                case RunTests::InLexicographicalOrder:
+                    std::sort( matchingTestCases.begin(), matchingTestCases.end(), LexSort() );
+                    break;
+                case RunTests::InRandomOrder:
+                {
+                    RandomNumberGenerator rng;
+                    std::random_shuffle( matchingTestCases.begin(), matchingTestCases.end(), rng );
+                }
+                    break;
+                case RunTests::InDeclarationOrder:
+                    // already in declaration order
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        std::set<TestCase> m_functions;
+        std::vector<TestCase> m_functionsInOrder;
+        std::vector<TestCase> m_nonHiddenFunctions;
+        size_t m_unnamedCount;
+    };
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    class FreeFunctionTestCase : public SharedImpl<ITestCase> {
+    public:
+
+        FreeFunctionTestCase( TestFunction fun ) : m_fun( fun ) {}
+
+        virtual void invoke() const {
+            m_fun();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        virtual ~FreeFunctionTestCase();
+
+        TestFunction m_fun;
+    };
+
+    inline std::string extractClassName( std::string const& classOrQualifiedMethodName ) {
+        std::string className = classOrQualifiedMethodName;
+        if( startsWith( className, "&" ) )
+        {
+            std::size_t lastColons = className.rfind( "::" );
+            std::size_t penultimateColons = className.rfind( "::", lastColons-1 );
+            if( penultimateColons == std::string::npos )
+                penultimateColons = 1;
+            className = className.substr( penultimateColons, lastColons-penultimateColons );
+        }
+        return className;
+    }
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    AutoReg::AutoReg(   TestFunction function,
+                        SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo,
+                        NameAndDesc const& nameAndDesc ) {
+        registerTestCase( new FreeFunctionTestCase( function ), "", nameAndDesc, lineInfo );
+    }
+
+    AutoReg::~AutoReg() {}
+
+    void AutoReg::registerTestCase( ITestCase* testCase,
+                                    char const* classOrQualifiedMethodName,
+                                    NameAndDesc const& nameAndDesc,
+                                    SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo ) {
+
+        getMutableRegistryHub().registerTest
+            ( makeTestCase( testCase,
+                            extractClassName( classOrQualifiedMethodName ),
+                            nameAndDesc.name,
+                            nameAndDesc.description,
+                            lineInfo ) );
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_reporter_registry.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REPORTER_REGISTRY_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <map>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class ReporterRegistry : public IReporterRegistry {
+
+    public:
+
+        virtual ~ReporterRegistry() {
+            deleteAllValues( m_factories );
+        }
+
+        virtual IStreamingReporter* create( std::string const& name, Ptr<IConfig> const& config ) const {
+            FactoryMap::const_iterator it =  m_factories.find( name );
+            if( it == m_factories.end() )
+                return NULL;
+            return it->second->create( ReporterConfig( config ) );
+        }
+
+        void registerReporter( std::string const& name, IReporterFactory* factory ) {
+            m_factories.insert( std::make_pair( name, factory ) );
+        }
+
+        FactoryMap const& getFactories() const {
+            return m_factories;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        FactoryMap m_factories;
+    };
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_exception_translator_registry.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_EXCEPTION_TRANSLATOR_REGISTRY_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef __OBJC__
+#import "Foundation/Foundation.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class ExceptionTranslatorRegistry : public IExceptionTranslatorRegistry {
+    public:
+        ~ExceptionTranslatorRegistry() {
+            deleteAll( m_translators );
+        }
+
+        virtual void registerTranslator( const IExceptionTranslator* translator ) {
+            m_translators.push_back( translator );
+        }
+
+        virtual std::string translateActiveException() const {
+            try {
+#ifdef __OBJC__
+                // In Objective-C try objective-c exceptions first
+                @try {
+                    throw;
+                }
+                @catch (NSException *exception) {
+                    return Catch::toString( [exception description] );
+                }
+#else
+                throw;
+#endif
+            }
+            catch( TestFailureException& ) {
+                throw;
+            }
+            catch( std::exception& ex ) {
+                return ex.what();
+            }
+            catch( std::string& msg ) {
+                return msg;
+            }
+            catch( const char* msg ) {
+                return msg;
+            }
+            catch(...) {
+                return tryTranslators( m_translators.begin() );
+            }
+        }
+
+        std::string tryTranslators( std::vector<const IExceptionTranslator*>::const_iterator it ) const {
+            if( it == m_translators.end() )
+                return "Unknown exception";
+
+            try {
+                return (*it)->translate();
+            }
+            catch(...) {
+                return tryTranslators( it+1 );
+            }
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::vector<const IExceptionTranslator*> m_translators;
+    };
+}
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        class RegistryHub : public IRegistryHub, public IMutableRegistryHub {
+
+            RegistryHub( RegistryHub const& );
+            void operator=( RegistryHub const& );
+
+        public: // IRegistryHub
+            RegistryHub() {
+            }
+            virtual IReporterRegistry const& getReporterRegistry() const {
+                return m_reporterRegistry;
+            }
+            virtual ITestCaseRegistry const& getTestCaseRegistry() const {
+                return m_testCaseRegistry;
+            }
+            virtual IExceptionTranslatorRegistry& getExceptionTranslatorRegistry() {
+                return m_exceptionTranslatorRegistry;
+            }
+
+        public: // IMutableRegistryHub
+            virtual void registerReporter( std::string const& name, IReporterFactory* factory ) {
+                m_reporterRegistry.registerReporter( name, factory );
+            }
+            virtual void registerTest( TestCase const& testInfo ) {
+                m_testCaseRegistry.registerTest( testInfo );
+            }
+            virtual void registerTranslator( const IExceptionTranslator* translator ) {
+                m_exceptionTranslatorRegistry.registerTranslator( translator );
+            }
+
+        private:
+            TestRegistry m_testCaseRegistry;
+            ReporterRegistry m_reporterRegistry;
+            ExceptionTranslatorRegistry m_exceptionTranslatorRegistry;
+        };
+
+        // Single, global, instance
+        inline RegistryHub*& getTheRegistryHub() {
+            static RegistryHub* theRegistryHub = NULL;
+            if( !theRegistryHub )
+                theRegistryHub = new RegistryHub();
+            return theRegistryHub;
+        }
+    }
+
+    IRegistryHub& getRegistryHub() {
+        return *getTheRegistryHub();
+    }
+    IMutableRegistryHub& getMutableRegistryHub() {
+        return *getTheRegistryHub();
+    }
+    void cleanUp() {
+        delete getTheRegistryHub();
+        getTheRegistryHub() = NULL;
+        cleanUpContext();
+    }
+    std::string translateActiveException() {
+        return getRegistryHub().getExceptionTranslatorRegistry().translateActiveException();
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_notimplemented_exception.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_NOTIMPLEMENTED_EXCEPTION_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <ostream>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    NotImplementedException::NotImplementedException( SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo )
+    :   m_lineInfo( lineInfo ) {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << lineInfo << ": function ";
+        oss << "not implemented";
+        m_what = oss.str();
+    }
+
+    const char* NotImplementedException::what() const CATCH_NOEXCEPT {
+        return m_what.c_str();
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_context_impl.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_CONTEXT_IMPL_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_stream.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_STREAM_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_streambuf.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_STREAMBUF_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <streambuf>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class StreamBufBase : public std::streambuf {
+    public:
+        virtual ~StreamBufBase() CATCH_NOEXCEPT;
+    };
+}
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    template<typename WriterF, size_t bufferSize=256>
+    class StreamBufImpl : public StreamBufBase {
+        char data[bufferSize];
+        WriterF m_writer;
+
+    public:
+        StreamBufImpl() {
+            setp( data, data + sizeof(data) );
+        }
+
+        ~StreamBufImpl() CATCH_NOEXCEPT {
+            sync();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        int overflow( int c ) {
+            sync();
+
+            if( c != EOF ) {
+                if( pbase() == epptr() )
+                    m_writer( std::string( 1, static_cast<char>( c ) ) );
+                else
+                    sputc( static_cast<char>( c ) );
+            }
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        int sync() {
+            if( pbase() != pptr() ) {
+                m_writer( std::string( pbase(), static_cast<std::string::size_type>( pptr() - pbase() ) ) );
+                setp( pbase(), epptr() );
+            }
+            return 0;
+        }
+    };
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    struct OutputDebugWriter {
+
+        void operator()( std::string const&str ) {
+            writeToDebugConsole( str );
+        }
+    };
+
+    Stream::Stream()
+    : streamBuf( NULL ), isOwned( false )
+    {}
+
+    Stream::Stream( std::streambuf* _streamBuf, bool _isOwned )
+    : streamBuf( _streamBuf ), isOwned( _isOwned )
+    {}
+
+    void Stream::release() {
+        if( isOwned ) {
+            delete streamBuf;
+            streamBuf = NULL;
+            isOwned = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+#ifndef CATCH_CONFIG_NOSTDOUT // If you #define this you must implement this functions
+    std::ostream& cout() {
+        return std::cout;
+    }
+    std::ostream& cerr() {
+        return std::cerr;
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class Context : public IMutableContext {
+
+        Context() : m_config( NULL ), m_runner( NULL ), m_resultCapture( NULL ) {}
+        Context( Context const& );
+        void operator=( Context const& );
+
+    public: // IContext
+        virtual IResultCapture* getResultCapture() {
+            return m_resultCapture;
+        }
+        virtual IRunner* getRunner() {
+            return m_runner;
+        }
+        virtual size_t getGeneratorIndex( std::string const& fileInfo, size_t totalSize ) {
+            return getGeneratorsForCurrentTest()
+            .getGeneratorInfo( fileInfo, totalSize )
+            .getCurrentIndex();
+        }
+        virtual bool advanceGeneratorsForCurrentTest() {
+            IGeneratorsForTest* generators = findGeneratorsForCurrentTest();
+            return generators && generators->moveNext();
+        }
+
+        virtual Ptr<IConfig const> getConfig() const {
+            return m_config;
+        }
+
+    public: // IMutableContext
+        virtual void setResultCapture( IResultCapture* resultCapture ) {
+            m_resultCapture = resultCapture;
+        }
+        virtual void setRunner( IRunner* runner ) {
+            m_runner = runner;
+        }
+        virtual void setConfig( Ptr<IConfig const> const& config ) {
+            m_config = config;
+        }
+
+        friend IMutableContext& getCurrentMutableContext();
+
+    private:
+        IGeneratorsForTest* findGeneratorsForCurrentTest() {
+            std::string testName = getResultCapture()->getCurrentTestName();
+
+            std::map<std::string, IGeneratorsForTest*>::const_iterator it =
+                m_generatorsByTestName.find( testName );
+            return it != m_generatorsByTestName.end()
+                ? it->second
+                : NULL;
+        }
+
+        IGeneratorsForTest& getGeneratorsForCurrentTest() {
+            IGeneratorsForTest* generators = findGeneratorsForCurrentTest();
+            if( !generators ) {
+                std::string testName = getResultCapture()->getCurrentTestName();
+                generators = createGeneratorsForTest();
+                m_generatorsByTestName.insert( std::make_pair( testName, generators ) );
+            }
+            return *generators;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        Ptr<IConfig const> m_config;
+        IRunner* m_runner;
+        IResultCapture* m_resultCapture;
+        std::map<std::string, IGeneratorsForTest*> m_generatorsByTestName;
+    };
+
+    namespace {
+        Context* currentContext = NULL;
+    }
+    IMutableContext& getCurrentMutableContext() {
+        if( !currentContext )
+            currentContext = new Context();
+        return *currentContext;
+    }
+    IContext& getCurrentContext() {
+        return getCurrentMutableContext();
+    }
+
+    Stream createStream( std::string const& streamName ) {
+        if( streamName == "stdout" ) return Stream( Catch::cout().rdbuf(), false );
+        if( streamName == "stderr" ) return Stream( Catch::cerr().rdbuf(), false );
+        if( streamName == "debug" ) return Stream( new StreamBufImpl<OutputDebugWriter>, true );
+
+        throw std::domain_error( "Unknown stream: " + streamName );
+    }
+
+    void cleanUpContext() {
+        delete currentContext;
+        currentContext = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_console_colour_impl.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_CONSOLE_COLOUR_IMPL_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+    namespace {
+
+        struct IColourImpl {
+            virtual ~IColourImpl() {}
+            virtual void use( Colour::Code _colourCode ) = 0;
+        };
+
+        struct NoColourImpl : IColourImpl {
+            void use( Colour::Code ) {}
+
+            static IColourImpl* instance() {
+                static NoColourImpl s_instance;
+                return &s_instance;
+            }
+        };
+
+    } // anon namespace
+} // namespace Catch
+
+#if !defined( CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_NONE ) && !defined( CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_WINDOWS ) && !defined( CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_ANSI )
+#   ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+#       define CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_WINDOWS
+#   else
+#       define CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_ANSI
+#   endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined ( CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_WINDOWS ) /////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#define NOMINMAX
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __AFXDLL
+#include <AfxWin.h>
+#else
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+namespace {
+
+    class Win32ColourImpl : public IColourImpl {
+    public:
+        Win32ColourImpl() : stdoutHandle( GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) )
+        {
+            CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbiInfo;
+            GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( stdoutHandle, &csbiInfo );
+            originalAttributes = csbiInfo.wAttributes;
+        }
+
+        virtual void use( Colour::Code _colourCode ) {
+            switch( _colourCode ) {
+                case Colour::None:      return setTextAttribute( originalAttributes );
+                case Colour::White:     return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE );
+                case Colour::Red:       return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_RED );
+                case Colour::Green:     return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_GREEN );
+                case Colour::Blue:      return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_BLUE );
+                case Colour::Cyan:      return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_GREEN );
+                case Colour::Yellow:    return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN );
+                case Colour::Grey:      return setTextAttribute( 0 );
+
+                case Colour::LightGrey:     return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_INTENSITY );
+                case Colour::BrightRed:     return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED );
+                case Colour::BrightGreen:   return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN );
+                case Colour::BrightWhite:   return setTextAttribute( FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE );
+
+                case Colour::Bright: throw std::logic_error( "not a colour" );
+            }
+        }
+
+    private:
+        void setTextAttribute( WORD _textAttribute ) {
+            SetConsoleTextAttribute( stdoutHandle, _textAttribute );
+        }
+        HANDLE stdoutHandle;
+        WORD originalAttributes;
+    };
+
+    IColourImpl* platformColourInstance() {
+        static Win32ColourImpl s_instance;
+        return &s_instance;
+    }
+
+} // end anon namespace
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#elif defined( CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_ANSI ) //////////////////////////////////////
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+namespace Catch {
+namespace {
+
+    // use POSIX/ ANSI console terminal codes
+    // Thanks to Adam Strzelecki for original contribution
+    // (http://github.com/nanoant)
+    // https://github.com/philsquared/Catch/pull/131
+    class PosixColourImpl : public IColourImpl {
+    public:
+        virtual void use( Colour::Code _colourCode ) {
+            switch( _colourCode ) {
+                case Colour::None:
+                case Colour::White:     return setColour( "[0m" );
+                case Colour::Red:       return setColour( "[0;31m" );
+                case Colour::Green:     return setColour( "[0;32m" );
+                case Colour::Blue:      return setColour( "[0:34m" );
+                case Colour::Cyan:      return setColour( "[0;36m" );
+                case Colour::Yellow:    return setColour( "[0;33m" );
+                case Colour::Grey:      return setColour( "[1;30m" );
+
+                case Colour::LightGrey:     return setColour( "[0;37m" );
+                case Colour::BrightRed:     return setColour( "[1;31m" );
+                case Colour::BrightGreen:   return setColour( "[1;32m" );
+                case Colour::BrightWhite:   return setColour( "[1;37m" );
+
+                case Colour::Bright: throw std::logic_error( "not a colour" );
+            }
+        }
+        static IColourImpl* instance() {
+            static PosixColourImpl s_instance;
+            return &s_instance;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        void setColour( const char* _escapeCode ) {
+            Catch::cout() << '\033' << _escapeCode;
+        }
+    };
+
+    IColourImpl* platformColourInstance() {
+        Ptr<IConfig const> config = getCurrentContext().getConfig();
+        return (config && config->forceColour()) || isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)
+            ? PosixColourImpl::instance()
+            : NoColourImpl::instance();
+    }
+
+} // end anon namespace
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#else  // not Windows or ANSI ///////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    static IColourImpl* platformColourInstance() { return NoColourImpl::instance(); }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#endif // Windows/ ANSI/ None
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    Colour::Colour( Code _colourCode ) : m_moved( false ) { use( _colourCode ); }
+    Colour::Colour( Colour const& _other ) : m_moved( false ) { const_cast<Colour&>( _other ).m_moved = true; }
+    Colour::~Colour(){ if( !m_moved ) use( None ); }
+
+    void Colour::use( Code _colourCode ) {
+        static IColourImpl* impl = isDebuggerActive()
+            ? NoColourImpl::instance()
+            : platformColourInstance();
+        impl->use( _colourCode );
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_generators_impl.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_GENERATORS_IMPL_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <map>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct GeneratorInfo : IGeneratorInfo {
+
+        GeneratorInfo( std::size_t size )
+        :   m_size( size ),
+            m_currentIndex( 0 )
+        {}
+
+        bool moveNext() {
+            if( ++m_currentIndex == m_size ) {
+                m_currentIndex = 0;
+                return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        std::size_t getCurrentIndex() const {
+            return m_currentIndex;
+        }
+
+        std::size_t m_size;
+        std::size_t m_currentIndex;
+    };
+
+    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    class GeneratorsForTest : public IGeneratorsForTest {
+
+    public:
+        ~GeneratorsForTest() {
+            deleteAll( m_generatorsInOrder );
+        }
+
+        IGeneratorInfo& getGeneratorInfo( std::string const& fileInfo, std::size_t size ) {
+            std::map<std::string, IGeneratorInfo*>::const_iterator it = m_generatorsByName.find( fileInfo );
+            if( it == m_generatorsByName.end() ) {
+                IGeneratorInfo* info = new GeneratorInfo( size );
+                m_generatorsByName.insert( std::make_pair( fileInfo, info ) );
+                m_generatorsInOrder.push_back( info );
+                return *info;
+            }
+            return *it->second;
+        }
+
+        bool moveNext() {
+            std::vector<IGeneratorInfo*>::const_iterator it = m_generatorsInOrder.begin();
+            std::vector<IGeneratorInfo*>::const_iterator itEnd = m_generatorsInOrder.end();
+            for(; it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+                if( (*it)->moveNext() )
+                    return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::map<std::string, IGeneratorInfo*> m_generatorsByName;
+        std::vector<IGeneratorInfo*> m_generatorsInOrder;
+    };
+
+    IGeneratorsForTest* createGeneratorsForTest()
+    {
+        return new GeneratorsForTest();
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_assertionresult.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_ASSERTIONRESULT_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    AssertionInfo::AssertionInfo(   std::string const& _macroName,
+                                    SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo,
+                                    std::string const& _capturedExpression,
+                                    ResultDisposition::Flags _resultDisposition )
+    :   macroName( _macroName ),
+        lineInfo( _lineInfo ),
+        capturedExpression( _capturedExpression ),
+        resultDisposition( _resultDisposition )
+    {}
+
+    AssertionResult::AssertionResult() {}
+
+    AssertionResult::AssertionResult( AssertionInfo const& info, AssertionResultData const& data )
+    :   m_info( info ),
+        m_resultData( data )
+    {}
+
+    AssertionResult::~AssertionResult() {}
+
+    // Result was a success
+    bool AssertionResult::succeeded() const {
+        return Catch::isOk( m_resultData.resultType );
+    }
+
+    // Result was a success, or failure is suppressed
+    bool AssertionResult::isOk() const {
+        return Catch::isOk( m_resultData.resultType ) || shouldSuppressFailure( m_info.resultDisposition );
+    }
+
+    ResultWas::OfType AssertionResult::getResultType() const {
+        return m_resultData.resultType;
+    }
+
+    bool AssertionResult::hasExpression() const {
+        return !m_info.capturedExpression.empty();
+    }
+
+    bool AssertionResult::hasMessage() const {
+        return !m_resultData.message.empty();
+    }
+
+    std::string AssertionResult::getExpression() const {
+        if( isFalseTest( m_info.resultDisposition ) )
+            return "!" + m_info.capturedExpression;
+        else
+            return m_info.capturedExpression;
+    }
+    std::string AssertionResult::getExpressionInMacro() const {
+        if( m_info.macroName.empty() )
+            return m_info.capturedExpression;
+        else
+            return m_info.macroName + "( " + m_info.capturedExpression + " )";
+    }
+
+    bool AssertionResult::hasExpandedExpression() const {
+        return hasExpression() && getExpandedExpression() != getExpression();
+    }
+
+    std::string AssertionResult::getExpandedExpression() const {
+        return m_resultData.reconstructedExpression;
+    }
+
+    std::string AssertionResult::getMessage() const {
+        return m_resultData.message;
+    }
+    SourceLineInfo AssertionResult::getSourceInfo() const {
+        return m_info.lineInfo;
+    }
+
+    std::string AssertionResult::getTestMacroName() const {
+        return m_info.macroName;
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_test_case_info.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TEST_CASE_INFO_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    inline TestCaseInfo::SpecialProperties parseSpecialTag( std::string const& tag ) {
+        if( startsWith( tag, "." ) ||
+            tag == "hide" ||
+            tag == "!hide" )
+            return TestCaseInfo::IsHidden;
+        else if( tag == "!throws" )
+            return TestCaseInfo::Throws;
+        else if( tag == "!shouldfail" )
+            return TestCaseInfo::ShouldFail;
+        else if( tag == "!mayfail" )
+            return TestCaseInfo::MayFail;
+        else
+            return TestCaseInfo::None;
+    }
+    inline bool isReservedTag( std::string const& tag ) {
+        return parseSpecialTag( tag ) == TestCaseInfo::None && tag.size() > 0 && !isalnum( tag[0] );
+    }
+    inline void enforceNotReservedTag( std::string const& tag, SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo ) {
+        if( isReservedTag( tag ) ) {
+            {
+                Colour colourGuard( Colour::Red );
+                Catch::cerr()
+                    << "Tag name [" << tag << "] not allowed.\n"
+                    << "Tag names starting with non alpha-numeric characters are reserved\n";
+            }
+            {
+                Colour colourGuard( Colour::FileName );
+                Catch::cerr() << _lineInfo << std::endl;
+            }
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    TestCase makeTestCase(  ITestCase* _testCase,
+                            std::string const& _className,
+                            std::string const& _name,
+                            std::string const& _descOrTags,
+                            SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo )
+    {
+        bool isHidden( startsWith( _name, "./" ) ); // Legacy support
+
+        // Parse out tags
+        std::set<std::string> tags;
+        std::string desc, tag;
+        bool inTag = false;
+        for( std::size_t i = 0; i < _descOrTags.size(); ++i ) {
+            char c = _descOrTags[i];
+            if( !inTag ) {
+                if( c == '[' )
+                    inTag = true;
+                else
+                    desc += c;
+            }
+            else {
+                if( c == ']' ) {
+                    TestCaseInfo::SpecialProperties prop = parseSpecialTag( tag );
+                    if( prop == TestCaseInfo::IsHidden )
+                        isHidden = true;
+                    else if( prop == TestCaseInfo::None )
+                        enforceNotReservedTag( tag, _lineInfo );
+
+                    tags.insert( tag );
+                    tag.clear();
+                    inTag = false;
+                }
+                else
+                    tag += c;
+            }
+        }
+        if( isHidden ) {
+            tags.insert( "hide" );
+            tags.insert( "." );
+        }
+
+        TestCaseInfo info( _name, _className, desc, tags, _lineInfo );
+        return TestCase( _testCase, info );
+    }
+
+    TestCaseInfo::TestCaseInfo( std::string const& _name,
+                                std::string const& _className,
+                                std::string const& _description,
+                                std::set<std::string> const& _tags,
+                                SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo )
+    :   name( _name ),
+        className( _className ),
+        description( _description ),
+        tags( _tags ),
+        lineInfo( _lineInfo ),
+        properties( None )
+    {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        for( std::set<std::string>::const_iterator it = _tags.begin(), itEnd = _tags.end(); it != itEnd; ++it ) {
+            oss << "[" << *it << "]";
+            std::string lcaseTag = toLower( *it );
+            properties = static_cast<SpecialProperties>( properties | parseSpecialTag( lcaseTag ) );
+            lcaseTags.insert( lcaseTag );
+        }
+        tagsAsString = oss.str();
+    }
+
+    TestCaseInfo::TestCaseInfo( TestCaseInfo const& other )
+    :   name( other.name ),
+        className( other.className ),
+        description( other.description ),
+        tags( other.tags ),
+        lcaseTags( other.lcaseTags ),
+        tagsAsString( other.tagsAsString ),
+        lineInfo( other.lineInfo ),
+        properties( other.properties )
+    {}
+
+    bool TestCaseInfo::isHidden() const {
+        return ( properties & IsHidden ) != 0;
+    }
+    bool TestCaseInfo::throws() const {
+        return ( properties & Throws ) != 0;
+    }
+    bool TestCaseInfo::okToFail() const {
+        return ( properties & (ShouldFail | MayFail ) ) != 0;
+    }
+    bool TestCaseInfo::expectedToFail() const {
+        return ( properties & (ShouldFail ) ) != 0;
+    }
+
+    TestCase::TestCase( ITestCase* testCase, TestCaseInfo const& info ) : TestCaseInfo( info ), test( testCase ) {}
+
+    TestCase::TestCase( TestCase const& other )
+    :   TestCaseInfo( other ),
+        test( other.test )
+    {}
+
+    TestCase TestCase::withName( std::string const& _newName ) const {
+        TestCase other( *this );
+        other.name = _newName;
+        return other;
+    }
+
+    void TestCase::swap( TestCase& other ) {
+        test.swap( other.test );
+        name.swap( other.name );
+        className.swap( other.className );
+        description.swap( other.description );
+        tags.swap( other.tags );
+        lcaseTags.swap( other.lcaseTags );
+        tagsAsString.swap( other.tagsAsString );
+        std::swap( TestCaseInfo::properties, static_cast<TestCaseInfo&>( other ).properties );
+        std::swap( lineInfo, other.lineInfo );
+    }
+
+    void TestCase::invoke() const {
+        test->invoke();
+    }
+
+    bool TestCase::operator == ( TestCase const& other ) const {
+        return  test.get() == other.test.get() &&
+                name == other.name &&
+                className == other.className;
+    }
+
+    bool TestCase::operator < ( TestCase const& other ) const {
+        return name < other.name;
+    }
+    TestCase& TestCase::operator = ( TestCase const& other ) {
+        TestCase temp( other );
+        swap( temp );
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    TestCaseInfo const& TestCase::getTestCaseInfo() const
+    {
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_version.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_VERSION_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    // These numbers are maintained by a script
+    Version libraryVersion( 1, 1, 3, "master" );
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_message.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_MESSAGE_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    MessageInfo::MessageInfo(   std::string const& _macroName,
+                                SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo,
+                                ResultWas::OfType _type )
+    :   macroName( _macroName ),
+        lineInfo( _lineInfo ),
+        type( _type ),
+        sequence( ++globalCount )
+    {}
+
+    // This may need protecting if threading support is added
+    unsigned int MessageInfo::globalCount = 0;
+
+    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    ScopedMessage::ScopedMessage( MessageBuilder const& builder )
+    : m_info( builder.m_info )
+    {
+        m_info.message = builder.m_stream.str();
+        getResultCapture().pushScopedMessage( m_info );
+    }
+    ScopedMessage::ScopedMessage( ScopedMessage const& other )
+    : m_info( other.m_info )
+    {}
+
+    ScopedMessage::~ScopedMessage() {
+        getResultCapture().popScopedMessage( m_info );
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_legacy_reporter_adapter.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_LEGACY_REPORTER_ADAPTER_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_legacy_reporter_adapter.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_LEGACY_REPORTER_ADAPTER_H_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch
+{
+    // Deprecated
+    struct IReporter : IShared {
+        virtual ~IReporter();
+
+        virtual bool shouldRedirectStdout() const = 0;
+
+        virtual void StartTesting() = 0;
+        virtual void EndTesting( Totals const& totals ) = 0;
+        virtual void StartGroup( std::string const& groupName ) = 0;
+        virtual void EndGroup( std::string const& groupName, Totals const& totals ) = 0;
+        virtual void StartTestCase( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo ) = 0;
+        virtual void EndTestCase( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo, Totals const& totals, std::string const& stdOut, std::string const& stdErr ) = 0;
+        virtual void StartSection( std::string const& sectionName, std::string const& description ) = 0;
+        virtual void EndSection( std::string const& sectionName, Counts const& assertions ) = 0;
+        virtual void NoAssertionsInSection( std::string const& sectionName ) = 0;
+        virtual void NoAssertionsInTestCase( std::string const& testName ) = 0;
+        virtual void Aborted() = 0;
+        virtual void Result( AssertionResult const& result ) = 0;
+    };
+
+    class LegacyReporterAdapter : public SharedImpl<IStreamingReporter>
+    {
+    public:
+        LegacyReporterAdapter( Ptr<IReporter> const& legacyReporter );
+        virtual ~LegacyReporterAdapter();
+
+        virtual ReporterPreferences getPreferences() const;
+        virtual void noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& );
+        virtual void testRunStarting( TestRunInfo const& );
+        virtual void testGroupStarting( GroupInfo const& groupInfo );
+        virtual void testCaseStarting( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo );
+        virtual void sectionStarting( SectionInfo const& sectionInfo );
+        virtual void assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& );
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats );
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionStats const& sectionStats );
+        virtual void testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& testCaseStats );
+        virtual void testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& testGroupStats );
+        virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& testRunStats );
+        virtual void skipTest( TestCaseInfo const& );
+
+    private:
+        Ptr<IReporter> m_legacyReporter;
+    };
+}
+
+namespace Catch
+{
+    LegacyReporterAdapter::LegacyReporterAdapter( Ptr<IReporter> const& legacyReporter )
+    :   m_legacyReporter( legacyReporter )
+    {}
+    LegacyReporterAdapter::~LegacyReporterAdapter() {}
+
+    ReporterPreferences LegacyReporterAdapter::getPreferences() const {
+        ReporterPreferences prefs;
+        prefs.shouldRedirectStdOut = m_legacyReporter->shouldRedirectStdout();
+        return prefs;
+    }
+
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& ) {}
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::testRunStarting( TestRunInfo const& ) {
+        m_legacyReporter->StartTesting();
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::testGroupStarting( GroupInfo const& groupInfo ) {
+        m_legacyReporter->StartGroup( groupInfo.name );
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::testCaseStarting( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo ) {
+        m_legacyReporter->StartTestCase( testInfo );
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::sectionStarting( SectionInfo const& sectionInfo ) {
+        m_legacyReporter->StartSection( sectionInfo.name, sectionInfo.description );
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& ) {
+        // Not on legacy interface
+    }
+
+    bool LegacyReporterAdapter::assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats ) {
+        if( assertionStats.assertionResult.getResultType() != ResultWas::Ok ) {
+            for( std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator it = assertionStats.infoMessages.begin(), itEnd = assertionStats.infoMessages.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it ) {
+                if( it->type == ResultWas::Info ) {
+                    ResultBuilder rb( it->macroName.c_str(), it->lineInfo, "", ResultDisposition::Normal );
+                    rb << it->message;
+                    rb.setResultType( ResultWas::Info );
+                    AssertionResult result = rb.build();
+                    m_legacyReporter->Result( result );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        m_legacyReporter->Result( assertionStats.assertionResult );
+        return true;
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::sectionEnded( SectionStats const& sectionStats ) {
+        if( sectionStats.missingAssertions )
+            m_legacyReporter->NoAssertionsInSection( sectionStats.sectionInfo.name );
+        m_legacyReporter->EndSection( sectionStats.sectionInfo.name, sectionStats.assertions );
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& testCaseStats ) {
+        m_legacyReporter->EndTestCase
+            (   testCaseStats.testInfo,
+                testCaseStats.totals,
+                testCaseStats.stdOut,
+                testCaseStats.stdErr );
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& testGroupStats ) {
+        if( testGroupStats.aborting )
+            m_legacyReporter->Aborted();
+        m_legacyReporter->EndGroup( testGroupStats.groupInfo.name, testGroupStats.totals );
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& testRunStats ) {
+        m_legacyReporter->EndTesting( testRunStats.totals );
+    }
+    void LegacyReporterAdapter::skipTest( TestCaseInfo const& ) {
+    }
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_timer.hpp
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++11-long-long"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+#include <windows.h>
+#else
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    namespace {
+#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+        uint64_t getCurrentTicks() {
+            static uint64_t hz=0, hzo=0;
+            if (!hz) {
+                QueryPerformanceFrequency( reinterpret_cast<LARGE_INTEGER*>( &hz ) );
+                QueryPerformanceCounter( reinterpret_cast<LARGE_INTEGER*>( &hzo ) );
+            }
+            uint64_t t;
+            QueryPerformanceCounter( reinterpret_cast<LARGE_INTEGER*>( &t ) );
+            return ((t-hzo)*1000000)/hz;
+        }
+#else
+        uint64_t getCurrentTicks() {
+            timeval t;
+            gettimeofday(&t,NULL);
+            return static_cast<uint64_t>( t.tv_sec ) * 1000000ull + static_cast<uint64_t>( t.tv_usec );
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void Timer::start() {
+        m_ticks = getCurrentTicks();
+    }
+    unsigned int Timer::getElapsedMicroseconds() const {
+        return static_cast<unsigned int>(getCurrentTicks() - m_ticks);
+    }
+    unsigned int Timer::getElapsedMilliseconds() const {
+        return static_cast<unsigned int>(getElapsedMicroseconds()/1000);
+    }
+    double Timer::getElapsedSeconds() const {
+        return getElapsedMicroseconds()/1000000.0;
+    }
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+// #included from: catch_common.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_COMMON_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    bool startsWith( std::string const& s, std::string const& prefix ) {
+        return s.size() >= prefix.size() && s.substr( 0, prefix.size() ) == prefix;
+    }
+    bool endsWith( std::string const& s, std::string const& suffix ) {
+        return s.size() >= suffix.size() && s.substr( s.size()-suffix.size(), suffix.size() ) == suffix;
+    }
+    bool contains( std::string const& s, std::string const& infix ) {
+        return s.find( infix ) != std::string::npos;
+    }
+    void toLowerInPlace( std::string& s ) {
+        std::transform( s.begin(), s.end(), s.begin(), ::tolower );
+    }
+    std::string toLower( std::string const& s ) {
+        std::string lc = s;
+        toLowerInPlace( lc );
+        return lc;
+    }
+    std::string trim( std::string const& str ) {
+        static char const* whitespaceChars = "\n\r\t ";
+        std::string::size_type start = str.find_first_not_of( whitespaceChars );
+        std::string::size_type end = str.find_last_not_of( whitespaceChars );
+
+        return start != std::string::npos ? str.substr( start, 1+end-start ) : "";
+    }
+
+    bool replaceInPlace( std::string& str, std::string const& replaceThis, std::string const& withThis ) {
+        bool replaced = false;
+        std::size_t i = str.find( replaceThis );
+        while( i != std::string::npos ) {
+            replaced = true;
+            str = str.substr( 0, i ) + withThis + str.substr( i+replaceThis.size() );
+            if( i < str.size()-withThis.size() )
+                i = str.find( replaceThis, i+withThis.size() );
+            else
+                i = std::string::npos;
+        }
+        return replaced;
+    }
+
+    pluralise::pluralise( std::size_t count, std::string const& label )
+    :   m_count( count ),
+        m_label( label )
+    {}
+
+    std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& os, pluralise const& pluraliser ) {
+        os << pluraliser.m_count << " " << pluraliser.m_label;
+        if( pluraliser.m_count != 1 )
+            os << "s";
+        return os;
+    }
+
+    SourceLineInfo::SourceLineInfo() : line( 0 ){}
+    SourceLineInfo::SourceLineInfo( char const* _file, std::size_t _line )
+    :   file( _file ),
+        line( _line )
+    {}
+    SourceLineInfo::SourceLineInfo( SourceLineInfo const& other )
+    :   file( other.file ),
+        line( other.line )
+    {}
+    bool SourceLineInfo::empty() const {
+        return file.empty();
+    }
+    bool SourceLineInfo::operator == ( SourceLineInfo const& other ) const {
+        return line == other.line && file == other.file;
+    }
+    bool SourceLineInfo::operator < ( SourceLineInfo const& other ) const {
+        return line < other.line || ( line == other.line  && file < other.file );
+    }
+
+    std::ostream& operator << ( std::ostream& os, SourceLineInfo const& info ) {
+#ifndef __GNUG__
+        os << info.file << "(" << info.line << ")";
+#else
+        os << info.file << ":" << info.line;
+#endif
+        return os;
+    }
+
+    void throwLogicError( std::string const& message, SourceLineInfo const& locationInfo ) {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << locationInfo << ": Internal Catch error: '" << message << "'";
+        if( alwaysTrue() )
+            throw std::logic_error( oss.str() );
+    }
+}
+
+// #included from: catch_section.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_SECTION_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    SectionInfo::SectionInfo
+        (   SourceLineInfo const& _lineInfo,
+            std::string const& _name,
+            std::string const& _description )
+    :   name( _name ),
+        description( _description ),
+        lineInfo( _lineInfo )
+    {}
+
+    Section::Section( SectionInfo const& info )
+    :   m_info( info ),
+        m_sectionIncluded( getResultCapture().sectionStarted( m_info, m_assertions ) )
+    {
+        m_timer.start();
+    }
+
+    Section::~Section() {
+        if( m_sectionIncluded )
+            getResultCapture().sectionEnded( m_info, m_assertions, m_timer.getElapsedSeconds() );
+    }
+
+    // This indicates whether the section should be executed or not
+    Section::operator bool() const {
+        return m_sectionIncluded;
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_debugger.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_DEBUGGER_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC
+
+    #include <assert.h>
+    #include <stdbool.h>
+    #include <sys/types.h>
+    #include <unistd.h>
+    #include <sys/sysctl.h>
+
+    namespace Catch{
+
+        // The following function is taken directly from the following technical note:
+        // http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#qa/qa2004/qa1361.html
+
+        // Returns true if the current process is being debugged (either
+        // running under the debugger or has a debugger attached post facto).
+        bool isDebuggerActive(){
+
+            int                 mib[4];
+            struct kinfo_proc   info;
+            size_t              size;
+
+            // Initialize the flags so that, if sysctl fails for some bizarre
+            // reason, we get a predictable result.
+
+            info.kp_proc.p_flag = 0;
+
+            // Initialize mib, which tells sysctl the info we want, in this case
+            // we're looking for information about a specific process ID.
+
+            mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
+            mib[1] = KERN_PROC;
+            mib[2] = KERN_PROC_PID;
+            mib[3] = getpid();
+
+            // Call sysctl.
+
+            size = sizeof(info);
+            if( sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(*mib), &info, &size, NULL, 0) != 0 ) {
+                Catch::cerr() << "\n** Call to sysctl failed - unable to determine if debugger is active **\n" << std::endl;
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // We're being debugged if the P_TRACED flag is set.
+
+            return ( (info.kp_proc.p_flag & P_TRACED) != 0 );
+        }
+    } // namespace Catch
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+    extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall IsDebuggerPresent();
+    namespace Catch {
+        bool isDebuggerActive() {
+            return IsDebuggerPresent() != 0;
+        }
+    }
+#elif defined(__MINGW32__)
+    extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall IsDebuggerPresent();
+    namespace Catch {
+        bool isDebuggerActive() {
+            return IsDebuggerPresent() != 0;
+        }
+    }
+#else
+    namespace Catch {
+       inline bool isDebuggerActive() { return false; }
+    }
+#endif // Platform
+
+#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+    extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) void __stdcall OutputDebugStringA( const char* );
+    namespace Catch {
+        void writeToDebugConsole( std::string const& text ) {
+            ::OutputDebugStringA( text.c_str() );
+        }
+    }
+#else
+    namespace Catch {
+        void writeToDebugConsole( std::string const& text ) {
+            // !TBD: Need a version for Mac/ XCode and other IDEs
+            Catch::cout() << text;
+        }
+    }
+#endif // Platform
+
+// #included from: catch_tostring.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TOSTRING_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+namespace Detail {
+
+    std::string unprintableString = "{?}";
+
+    namespace {
+        struct Endianness {
+            enum Arch { Big, Little };
+
+            static Arch which() {
+                union _{
+                    int asInt;
+                    char asChar[sizeof (int)];
+                } u;
+
+                u.asInt = 1;
+                return ( u.asChar[sizeof(int)-1] == 1 ) ? Big : Little;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    std::string rawMemoryToString( const void *object, std::size_t size )
+    {
+        // Reverse order for little endian architectures
+        int i = 0, end = static_cast<int>( size ), inc = 1;
+        if( Endianness::which() == Endianness::Little ) {
+            i = end-1;
+            end = inc = -1;
+        }
+
+        unsigned char const *bytes = static_cast<unsigned char const *>(object);
+        std::ostringstream os;
+        os << "0x" << std::setfill('0') << std::hex;
+        for( ; i != end; i += inc )
+             os << std::setw(2) << static_cast<unsigned>(bytes[i]);
+       return os.str();
+    }
+}
+
+std::string toString( std::string const& value ) {
+    std::string s = value;
+    if( getCurrentContext().getConfig()->showInvisibles() ) {
+        for(size_t i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i ) {
+            std::string subs;
+            switch( s[i] ) {
+            case '\n': subs = "\\n"; break;
+            case '\t': subs = "\\t"; break;
+            default: break;
+            }
+            if( !subs.empty() ) {
+                s = s.substr( 0, i ) + subs + s.substr( i+1 );
+                ++i;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return "\"" + s + "\"";
+}
+std::string toString( std::wstring const& value ) {
+
+    std::string s;
+    s.reserve( value.size() );
+    for(size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); ++i )
+        s += value[i] <= 0xff ? static_cast<char>( value[i] ) : '?';
+    return Catch::toString( s );
+}
+
+std::string toString( const char* const value ) {
+    return value ? Catch::toString( std::string( value ) ) : std::string( "{null string}" );
+}
+
+std::string toString( char* const value ) {
+    return Catch::toString( static_cast<const char*>( value ) );
+}
+
+std::string toString( const wchar_t* const value )
+{
+	return value ? Catch::toString( std::wstring(value) ) : std::string( "{null string}" );
+}
+
+std::string toString( wchar_t* const value )
+{
+	return Catch::toString( static_cast<const wchar_t*>( value ) );
+}
+
+std::string toString( int value ) {
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    if( value > 8192 )
+        oss << "0x" << std::hex << value;
+    else
+        oss << value;
+    return oss.str();
+}
+
+std::string toString( unsigned long value ) {
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    if( value > 8192 )
+        oss << "0x" << std::hex << value;
+    else
+        oss << value;
+    return oss.str();
+}
+
+std::string toString( unsigned int value ) {
+    return Catch::toString( static_cast<unsigned long>( value ) );
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+std::string fpToString( T value, int precision ) {
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    oss << std::setprecision( precision )
+        << std::fixed
+        << value;
+    std::string d = oss.str();
+    std::size_t i = d.find_last_not_of( '0' );
+    if( i != std::string::npos && i != d.size()-1 ) {
+        if( d[i] == '.' )
+            i++;
+        d = d.substr( 0, i+1 );
+    }
+    return d;
+}
+
+std::string toString( const double value ) {
+    return fpToString( value, 10 );
+}
+std::string toString( const float value ) {
+    return fpToString( value, 5 ) + "f";
+}
+
+std::string toString( bool value ) {
+    return value ? "true" : "false";
+}
+
+std::string toString( char value ) {
+    return value < ' '
+        ? toString( static_cast<unsigned int>( value ) )
+        : Detail::makeString( value );
+}
+
+std::string toString( signed char value ) {
+    return toString( static_cast<char>( value ) );
+}
+
+std::string toString( unsigned char value ) {
+    return toString( static_cast<char>( value ) );
+}
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP11_NULLPTR
+std::string toString( std::nullptr_t ) {
+    return "nullptr";
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __OBJC__
+    std::string toString( NSString const * const& nsstring ) {
+        if( !nsstring )
+            return "nil";
+        return "@" + toString([nsstring UTF8String]);
+    }
+    std::string toString( NSString * CATCH_ARC_STRONG const& nsstring ) {
+        if( !nsstring )
+            return "nil";
+        return "@" + toString([nsstring UTF8String]);
+    }
+    std::string toString( NSObject* const& nsObject ) {
+        return toString( [nsObject description] );
+    }
+#endif
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_result_builder.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_RESULT_BUILDER_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    ResultBuilder::ResultBuilder(   char const* macroName,
+                                    SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo,
+                                    char const* capturedExpression,
+                                    ResultDisposition::Flags resultDisposition )
+    :   m_assertionInfo( macroName, lineInfo, capturedExpression, resultDisposition ),
+        m_shouldDebugBreak( false ),
+        m_shouldThrow( false )
+    {}
+
+    ResultBuilder& ResultBuilder::setResultType( ResultWas::OfType result ) {
+        m_data.resultType = result;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    ResultBuilder& ResultBuilder::setResultType( bool result ) {
+        m_data.resultType = result ? ResultWas::Ok : ResultWas::ExpressionFailed;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    ResultBuilder& ResultBuilder::setLhs( std::string const& lhs ) {
+        m_exprComponents.lhs = lhs;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    ResultBuilder& ResultBuilder::setRhs( std::string const& rhs ) {
+        m_exprComponents.rhs = rhs;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    ResultBuilder& ResultBuilder::setOp( std::string const& op ) {
+        m_exprComponents.op = op;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    void ResultBuilder::endExpression() {
+        m_exprComponents.testFalse = isFalseTest( m_assertionInfo.resultDisposition );
+        captureExpression();
+    }
+
+    void ResultBuilder::useActiveException( ResultDisposition::Flags resultDisposition ) {
+        m_assertionInfo.resultDisposition = resultDisposition;
+        m_stream.oss << Catch::translateActiveException();
+        captureResult( ResultWas::ThrewException );
+    }
+
+    void ResultBuilder::captureResult( ResultWas::OfType resultType ) {
+        setResultType( resultType );
+        captureExpression();
+    }
+
+    void ResultBuilder::captureExpression() {
+        AssertionResult result = build();
+        getResultCapture().assertionEnded( result );
+
+        if( !result.isOk() ) {
+            if( getCurrentContext().getConfig()->shouldDebugBreak() )
+                m_shouldDebugBreak = true;
+            if( getCurrentContext().getRunner()->aborting() || (m_assertionInfo.resultDisposition & ResultDisposition::Normal) )
+                m_shouldThrow = true;
+        }
+    }
+    void ResultBuilder::react() {
+        if( m_shouldThrow )
+            throw Catch::TestFailureException();
+    }
+
+    bool ResultBuilder::shouldDebugBreak() const { return m_shouldDebugBreak; }
+    bool ResultBuilder::allowThrows() const { return getCurrentContext().getConfig()->allowThrows(); }
+
+    AssertionResult ResultBuilder::build() const
+    {
+        assert( m_data.resultType != ResultWas::Unknown );
+
+        AssertionResultData data = m_data;
+
+        // Flip bool results if testFalse is set
+        if( m_exprComponents.testFalse ) {
+            if( data.resultType == ResultWas::Ok )
+                data.resultType = ResultWas::ExpressionFailed;
+            else if( data.resultType == ResultWas::ExpressionFailed )
+                data.resultType = ResultWas::Ok;
+        }
+
+        data.message = m_stream.oss.str();
+        data.reconstructedExpression = reconstructExpression();
+        if( m_exprComponents.testFalse ) {
+            if( m_exprComponents.op == "" )
+                data.reconstructedExpression = "!" + data.reconstructedExpression;
+            else
+                data.reconstructedExpression = "!(" + data.reconstructedExpression + ")";
+        }
+        return AssertionResult( m_assertionInfo, data );
+    }
+    std::string ResultBuilder::reconstructExpression() const {
+        if( m_exprComponents.op == "" )
+            return m_exprComponents.lhs.empty() ? m_assertionInfo.capturedExpression : m_exprComponents.op + m_exprComponents.lhs;
+        else if( m_exprComponents.op == "matches" )
+            return m_exprComponents.lhs + " " + m_exprComponents.rhs;
+        else if( m_exprComponents.op != "!" ) {
+            if( m_exprComponents.lhs.size() + m_exprComponents.rhs.size() < 40 &&
+                m_exprComponents.lhs.find("\n") == std::string::npos &&
+                m_exprComponents.rhs.find("\n") == std::string::npos )
+                return m_exprComponents.lhs + " " + m_exprComponents.op + " " + m_exprComponents.rhs;
+            else
+                return m_exprComponents.lhs + "\n" + m_exprComponents.op + "\n" + m_exprComponents.rhs;
+        }
+        else
+            return "{can't expand - use " + m_assertionInfo.macroName + "_FALSE( " + m_assertionInfo.capturedExpression.substr(1) + " ) instead of " + m_assertionInfo.macroName + "( " + m_assertionInfo.capturedExpression + " ) for better diagnostics}";
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: catch_tag_alias_registry.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TAG_ALIAS_REGISTRY_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_tag_alias_registry.h
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_TAG_ALIAS_REGISTRY_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <map>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class TagAliasRegistry : public ITagAliasRegistry {
+    public:
+        virtual ~TagAliasRegistry();
+        virtual Option<TagAlias> find( std::string const& alias ) const;
+        virtual std::string expandAliases( std::string const& unexpandedTestSpec ) const;
+        void add( char const* alias, char const* tag, SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo );
+        static TagAliasRegistry& get();
+
+    private:
+        std::map<std::string, TagAlias> m_registry;
+    };
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+#include <map>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    TagAliasRegistry::~TagAliasRegistry() {}
+
+    Option<TagAlias> TagAliasRegistry::find( std::string const& alias ) const {
+        std::map<std::string, TagAlias>::const_iterator it = m_registry.find( alias );
+        if( it != m_registry.end() )
+            return it->second;
+        else
+            return Option<TagAlias>();
+    }
+
+    std::string TagAliasRegistry::expandAliases( std::string const& unexpandedTestSpec ) const {
+        std::string expandedTestSpec = unexpandedTestSpec;
+        for( std::map<std::string, TagAlias>::const_iterator it = m_registry.begin(), itEnd = m_registry.end();
+                it != itEnd;
+                ++it ) {
+            std::size_t pos = expandedTestSpec.find( it->first );
+            if( pos != std::string::npos ) {
+                expandedTestSpec =  expandedTestSpec.substr( 0, pos ) +
+                                    it->second.tag +
+                                    expandedTestSpec.substr( pos + it->first.size() );
+            }
+        }
+        return expandedTestSpec;
+    }
+
+    void TagAliasRegistry::add( char const* alias, char const* tag, SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo ) {
+
+        if( !startsWith( alias, "[@" ) || !endsWith( alias, "]" ) ) {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << "error: tag alias, \"" << alias << "\" is not of the form [@alias name].\n" << lineInfo;
+            throw std::domain_error( oss.str().c_str() );
+        }
+        if( !m_registry.insert( std::make_pair( alias, TagAlias( tag, lineInfo ) ) ).second ) {
+            std::ostringstream oss;
+            oss << "error: tag alias, \"" << alias << "\" already registered.\n"
+                << "\tFirst seen at " << find(alias)->lineInfo << "\n"
+                << "\tRedefined at " << lineInfo;
+            throw std::domain_error( oss.str().c_str() );
+        }
+    }
+
+    TagAliasRegistry& TagAliasRegistry::get() {
+        static TagAliasRegistry instance;
+        return instance;
+
+    }
+
+    ITagAliasRegistry::~ITagAliasRegistry() {}
+    ITagAliasRegistry const& ITagAliasRegistry::get() { return TagAliasRegistry::get(); }
+
+    RegistrarForTagAliases::RegistrarForTagAliases( char const* alias, char const* tag, SourceLineInfo const& lineInfo ) {
+        try {
+            TagAliasRegistry::get().add( alias, tag, lineInfo );
+        }
+        catch( std::exception& ex ) {
+            Colour colourGuard( Colour::Red );
+            Catch::cerr() << ex.what() << std::endl;
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: ../reporters/catch_reporter_xml.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REPORTER_XML_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+// #included from: catch_reporter_bases.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REPORTER_BASES_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <cstring>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct StreamingReporterBase : SharedImpl<IStreamingReporter> {
+
+        StreamingReporterBase( ReporterConfig const& _config )
+        :   m_config( _config.fullConfig() ),
+            stream( _config.stream() )
+        {}
+
+        virtual ~StreamingReporterBase();
+
+        virtual void noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& ) {}
+
+        virtual void testRunStarting( TestRunInfo const& _testRunInfo ) {
+            currentTestRunInfo = _testRunInfo;
+        }
+        virtual void testGroupStarting( GroupInfo const& _groupInfo ) {
+            currentGroupInfo = _groupInfo;
+        }
+
+        virtual void testCaseStarting( TestCaseInfo const& _testInfo ) {
+            currentTestCaseInfo = _testInfo;
+        }
+        virtual void sectionStarting( SectionInfo const& _sectionInfo ) {
+            m_sectionStack.push_back( _sectionInfo );
+        }
+
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionStats const& /* _sectionStats */ ) {
+            m_sectionStack.pop_back();
+        }
+        virtual void testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& /* _testCaseStats */ ) {
+            currentTestCaseInfo.reset();
+        }
+        virtual void testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& /* _testGroupStats */ ) {
+            currentGroupInfo.reset();
+        }
+        virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& /* _testRunStats */ ) {
+            currentTestCaseInfo.reset();
+            currentGroupInfo.reset();
+            currentTestRunInfo.reset();
+        }
+
+        virtual void skipTest( TestCaseInfo const& ) {
+            // Don't do anything with this by default.
+            // It can optionally be overridden in the derived class.
+        }
+
+        Ptr<IConfig> m_config;
+        std::ostream& stream;
+
+        LazyStat<TestRunInfo> currentTestRunInfo;
+        LazyStat<GroupInfo> currentGroupInfo;
+        LazyStat<TestCaseInfo> currentTestCaseInfo;
+
+        std::vector<SectionInfo> m_sectionStack;
+    };
+
+    struct CumulativeReporterBase : SharedImpl<IStreamingReporter> {
+        template<typename T, typename ChildNodeT>
+        struct Node : SharedImpl<> {
+            explicit Node( T const& _value ) : value( _value ) {}
+            virtual ~Node() {}
+
+            typedef std::vector<Ptr<ChildNodeT> > ChildNodes;
+            T value;
+            ChildNodes children;
+        };
+        struct SectionNode : SharedImpl<> {
+            explicit SectionNode( SectionStats const& _stats ) : stats( _stats ) {}
+            virtual ~SectionNode();
+
+            bool operator == ( SectionNode const& other ) const {
+                return stats.sectionInfo.lineInfo == other.stats.sectionInfo.lineInfo;
+            }
+            bool operator == ( Ptr<SectionNode> const& other ) const {
+                return operator==( *other );
+            }
+
+            SectionStats stats;
+            typedef std::vector<Ptr<SectionNode> > ChildSections;
+            typedef std::vector<AssertionStats> Assertions;
+            ChildSections childSections;
+            Assertions assertions;
+            std::string stdOut;
+            std::string stdErr;
+        };
+
+        struct BySectionInfo {
+            BySectionInfo( SectionInfo const& other ) : m_other( other ) {}
+			BySectionInfo( BySectionInfo const& other ) : m_other( other.m_other ) {}
+            bool operator() ( Ptr<SectionNode> const& node ) const {
+                return node->stats.sectionInfo.lineInfo == m_other.lineInfo;
+            }
+        private:
+			void operator=( BySectionInfo const& );
+            SectionInfo const& m_other;
+        };
+
+        typedef Node<TestCaseStats, SectionNode> TestCaseNode;
+        typedef Node<TestGroupStats, TestCaseNode> TestGroupNode;
+        typedef Node<TestRunStats, TestGroupNode> TestRunNode;
+
+        CumulativeReporterBase( ReporterConfig const& _config )
+        :   m_config( _config.fullConfig() ),
+            stream( _config.stream() )
+        {}
+        ~CumulativeReporterBase();
+
+        virtual void testRunStarting( TestRunInfo const& ) {}
+        virtual void testGroupStarting( GroupInfo const& ) {}
+
+        virtual void testCaseStarting( TestCaseInfo const& ) {}
+
+        virtual void sectionStarting( SectionInfo const& sectionInfo ) {
+            SectionStats incompleteStats( sectionInfo, Counts(), 0, false );
+            Ptr<SectionNode> node;
+            if( m_sectionStack.empty() ) {
+                if( !m_rootSection )
+                    m_rootSection = new SectionNode( incompleteStats );
+                node = m_rootSection;
+            }
+            else {
+                SectionNode& parentNode = *m_sectionStack.back();
+                SectionNode::ChildSections::const_iterator it =
+                    std::find_if(   parentNode.childSections.begin(),
+                                    parentNode.childSections.end(),
+                                    BySectionInfo( sectionInfo ) );
+                if( it == parentNode.childSections.end() ) {
+                    node = new SectionNode( incompleteStats );
+                    parentNode.childSections.push_back( node );
+                }
+                else
+                    node = *it;
+            }
+            m_sectionStack.push_back( node );
+            m_deepestSection = node;
+        }
+
+        virtual void assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& ) {}
+
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats ) {
+            assert( !m_sectionStack.empty() );
+            SectionNode& sectionNode = *m_sectionStack.back();
+            sectionNode.assertions.push_back( assertionStats );
+            return true;
+        }
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionStats const& sectionStats ) {
+            assert( !m_sectionStack.empty() );
+            SectionNode& node = *m_sectionStack.back();
+            node.stats = sectionStats;
+            m_sectionStack.pop_back();
+        }
+        virtual void testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& testCaseStats ) {
+            Ptr<TestCaseNode> node = new TestCaseNode( testCaseStats );
+            assert( m_sectionStack.size() == 0 );
+            node->children.push_back( m_rootSection );
+            m_testCases.push_back( node );
+            m_rootSection.reset();
+
+            assert( m_deepestSection );
+            m_deepestSection->stdOut = testCaseStats.stdOut;
+            m_deepestSection->stdErr = testCaseStats.stdErr;
+        }
+        virtual void testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& testGroupStats ) {
+            Ptr<TestGroupNode> node = new TestGroupNode( testGroupStats );
+            node->children.swap( m_testCases );
+            m_testGroups.push_back( node );
+        }
+        virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& testRunStats ) {
+            Ptr<TestRunNode> node = new TestRunNode( testRunStats );
+            node->children.swap( m_testGroups );
+            m_testRuns.push_back( node );
+            testRunEndedCumulative();
+        }
+        virtual void testRunEndedCumulative() = 0;
+
+        virtual void skipTest( TestCaseInfo const& ) {}
+
+        Ptr<IConfig> m_config;
+        std::ostream& stream;
+        std::vector<AssertionStats> m_assertions;
+        std::vector<std::vector<Ptr<SectionNode> > > m_sections;
+        std::vector<Ptr<TestCaseNode> > m_testCases;
+        std::vector<Ptr<TestGroupNode> > m_testGroups;
+
+        std::vector<Ptr<TestRunNode> > m_testRuns;
+
+        Ptr<SectionNode> m_rootSection;
+        Ptr<SectionNode> m_deepestSection;
+        std::vector<Ptr<SectionNode> > m_sectionStack;
+
+    };
+
+    template<char C>
+    char const* getLineOfChars() {
+        static char line[CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH] = {0};
+        if( !*line ) {
+            memset( line, C, CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH-1 );
+            line[CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH-1] = 0;
+        }
+        return line;
+    }
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: ../internal/catch_reporter_registrars.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REPORTER_REGISTRARS_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    template<typename T>
+    class LegacyReporterRegistrar {
+
+        class ReporterFactory : public IReporterFactory {
+            virtual IStreamingReporter* create( ReporterConfig const& config ) const {
+                return new LegacyReporterAdapter( new T( config ) );
+            }
+
+            virtual std::string getDescription() const {
+                return T::getDescription();
+            }
+        };
+
+    public:
+
+        LegacyReporterRegistrar( std::string const& name ) {
+            getMutableRegistryHub().registerReporter( name, new ReporterFactory() );
+        }
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    class ReporterRegistrar {
+
+        class ReporterFactory : public IReporterFactory {
+
+            // *** Please Note ***:
+            // - If you end up here looking at a compiler error because it's trying to register
+            // your custom reporter class be aware that the native reporter interface has changed
+            // to IStreamingReporter. The "legacy" interface, IReporter, is still supported via
+            // an adapter. Just use REGISTER_LEGACY_REPORTER to take advantage of the adapter.
+            // However please consider updating to the new interface as the old one is now
+            // deprecated and will probably be removed quite soon!
+            // Please contact me via github if you have any questions at all about this.
+            // In fact, ideally, please contact me anyway to let me know you've hit this - as I have
+            // no idea who is actually using custom reporters at all (possibly no-one!).
+            // The new interface is designed to minimise exposure to interface changes in the future.
+            virtual IStreamingReporter* create( ReporterConfig const& config ) const {
+                return new T( config );
+            }
+
+            virtual std::string getDescription() const {
+                return T::getDescription();
+            }
+        };
+
+    public:
+
+        ReporterRegistrar( std::string const& name ) {
+            getMutableRegistryHub().registerReporter( name, new ReporterFactory() );
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_LEGACY_REPORTER( name, reporterType ) \
+    namespace{ Catch::LegacyReporterRegistrar<reporterType> catch_internal_RegistrarFor##reporterType( name ); }
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( name, reporterType ) \
+    namespace{ Catch::ReporterRegistrar<reporterType> catch_internal_RegistrarFor##reporterType( name ); }
+
+// #included from: ../internal/catch_xmlwriter.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_XMLWRITER_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class XmlWriter {
+    public:
+
+        class ScopedElement {
+        public:
+            ScopedElement( XmlWriter* writer )
+            :   m_writer( writer )
+            {}
+
+            ScopedElement( ScopedElement const& other )
+            :   m_writer( other.m_writer ){
+                other.m_writer = NULL;
+            }
+
+            ~ScopedElement() {
+                if( m_writer )
+                    m_writer->endElement();
+            }
+
+            ScopedElement& writeText( std::string const& text, bool indent = true ) {
+                m_writer->writeText( text, indent );
+                return *this;
+            }
+
+            template<typename T>
+            ScopedElement& writeAttribute( std::string const& name, T const& attribute ) {
+                m_writer->writeAttribute( name, attribute );
+                return *this;
+            }
+
+        private:
+            mutable XmlWriter* m_writer;
+        };
+
+        XmlWriter()
+        :   m_tagIsOpen( false ),
+            m_needsNewline( false ),
+            m_os( &Catch::cout() )
+        {}
+
+        XmlWriter( std::ostream& os )
+        :   m_tagIsOpen( false ),
+            m_needsNewline( false ),
+            m_os( &os )
+        {}
+
+        ~XmlWriter() {
+            while( !m_tags.empty() )
+                endElement();
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter& startElement( std::string const& name ) {
+            ensureTagClosed();
+            newlineIfNecessary();
+            stream() << m_indent << "<" << name;
+            m_tags.push_back( name );
+            m_indent += "  ";
+            m_tagIsOpen = true;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        ScopedElement scopedElement( std::string const& name ) {
+            ScopedElement scoped( this );
+            startElement( name );
+            return scoped;
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter& endElement() {
+            newlineIfNecessary();
+            m_indent = m_indent.substr( 0, m_indent.size()-2 );
+            if( m_tagIsOpen ) {
+                stream() << "/>\n";
+                m_tagIsOpen = false;
+            }
+            else {
+                stream() << m_indent << "</" << m_tags.back() << ">\n";
+            }
+            m_tags.pop_back();
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter& writeAttribute( std::string const& name, std::string const& attribute ) {
+            if( !name.empty() && !attribute.empty() ) {
+                stream() << " " << name << "=\"";
+                writeEncodedText( attribute );
+                stream() << "\"";
+            }
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter& writeAttribute( std::string const& name, bool attribute ) {
+            stream() << " " << name << "=\"" << ( attribute ? "true" : "false" ) << "\"";
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        template<typename T>
+        XmlWriter& writeAttribute( std::string const& name, T const& attribute ) {
+            if( !name.empty() )
+                stream() << " " << name << "=\"" << attribute << "\"";
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter& writeText( std::string const& text, bool indent = true ) {
+            if( !text.empty() ){
+                bool tagWasOpen = m_tagIsOpen;
+                ensureTagClosed();
+                if( tagWasOpen && indent )
+                    stream() << m_indent;
+                writeEncodedText( text );
+                m_needsNewline = true;
+            }
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter& writeComment( std::string const& text ) {
+            ensureTagClosed();
+            stream() << m_indent << "<!--" << text << "-->";
+            m_needsNewline = true;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter& writeBlankLine() {
+            ensureTagClosed();
+            stream() << "\n";
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        void setStream( std::ostream& os ) {
+            m_os = &os;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        XmlWriter( XmlWriter const& );
+        void operator=( XmlWriter const& );
+
+        std::ostream& stream() {
+            return *m_os;
+        }
+
+        void ensureTagClosed() {
+            if( m_tagIsOpen ) {
+                stream() << ">\n";
+                m_tagIsOpen = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        void newlineIfNecessary() {
+            if( m_needsNewline ) {
+                stream() << "\n";
+                m_needsNewline = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        void writeEncodedText( std::string const& text ) {
+            static const char* charsToEncode = "<&\"";
+            std::string mtext = text;
+            std::string::size_type pos = mtext.find_first_of( charsToEncode );
+            while( pos != std::string::npos ) {
+                stream() << mtext.substr( 0, pos );
+
+                switch( mtext[pos] ) {
+                    case '<':
+                        stream() << "&lt;";
+                        break;
+                    case '&':
+                        stream() << "&amp;";
+                        break;
+                    case '\"':
+                        stream() << "&quot;";
+                        break;
+                }
+                mtext = mtext.substr( pos+1 );
+                pos = mtext.find_first_of( charsToEncode );
+            }
+            stream() << mtext;
+        }
+
+        bool m_tagIsOpen;
+        bool m_needsNewline;
+        std::vector<std::string> m_tags;
+        std::string m_indent;
+        std::ostream* m_os;
+    };
+
+}
+namespace Catch {
+    class XmlReporter : public StreamingReporterBase {
+    public:
+        XmlReporter( ReporterConfig const& _config )
+        :   StreamingReporterBase( _config ),
+            m_sectionDepth( 0 )
+        {}
+
+        virtual ~XmlReporter();
+
+        static std::string getDescription() {
+            return "Reports test results as an XML document";
+        }
+
+    public: // StreamingReporterBase
+        virtual ReporterPreferences getPreferences() const {
+            ReporterPreferences prefs;
+            prefs.shouldRedirectStdOut = true;
+            return prefs;
+        }
+
+        virtual void noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& s ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::noMatchingTestCases( s );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testRunStarting( TestRunInfo const& testInfo ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::testRunStarting( testInfo );
+            m_xml.setStream( stream );
+            m_xml.startElement( "Catch" );
+            if( !m_config->name().empty() )
+                m_xml.writeAttribute( "name", m_config->name() );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testGroupStarting( GroupInfo const& groupInfo ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::testGroupStarting( groupInfo );
+            m_xml.startElement( "Group" )
+                .writeAttribute( "name", groupInfo.name );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testCaseStarting( TestCaseInfo const& testInfo ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::testCaseStarting(testInfo);
+            m_xml.startElement( "TestCase" ).writeAttribute( "name", trim( testInfo.name ) );
+
+            if ( m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always )
+                m_testCaseTimer.start();
+        }
+
+        virtual void sectionStarting( SectionInfo const& sectionInfo ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::sectionStarting( sectionInfo );
+            if( m_sectionDepth++ > 0 ) {
+                m_xml.startElement( "Section" )
+                    .writeAttribute( "name", trim( sectionInfo.name ) )
+                    .writeAttribute( "description", sectionInfo.description );
+            }
+        }
+
+        virtual void assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& ) { }
+
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats ) {
+            const AssertionResult& assertionResult = assertionStats.assertionResult;
+
+            // Print any info messages in <Info> tags.
+            if( assertionStats.assertionResult.getResultType() != ResultWas::Ok ) {
+                for( std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator it = assertionStats.infoMessages.begin(), itEnd = assertionStats.infoMessages.end();
+                        it != itEnd;
+                        ++it ) {
+                    if( it->type == ResultWas::Info ) {
+                        m_xml.scopedElement( "Info" )
+                            .writeText( it->message );
+                    } else if ( it->type == ResultWas::Warning ) {
+                        m_xml.scopedElement( "Warning" )
+                            .writeText( it->message );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Drop out if result was successful but we're not printing them.
+            if( !m_config->includeSuccessfulResults() && isOk(assertionResult.getResultType()) )
+                return true;
+
+            // Print the expression if there is one.
+            if( assertionResult.hasExpression() ) {
+                m_xml.startElement( "Expression" )
+                    .writeAttribute( "success", assertionResult.succeeded() )
+					.writeAttribute( "type", assertionResult.getTestMacroName() )
+                    .writeAttribute( "filename", assertionResult.getSourceInfo().file )
+                    .writeAttribute( "line", assertionResult.getSourceInfo().line );
+
+                m_xml.scopedElement( "Original" )
+                    .writeText( assertionResult.getExpression() );
+                m_xml.scopedElement( "Expanded" )
+                    .writeText( assertionResult.getExpandedExpression() );
+            }
+
+            // And... Print a result applicable to each result type.
+            switch( assertionResult.getResultType() ) {
+                case ResultWas::ThrewException:
+                    m_xml.scopedElement( "Exception" )
+                        .writeAttribute( "filename", assertionResult.getSourceInfo().file )
+                        .writeAttribute( "line", assertionResult.getSourceInfo().line )
+                        .writeText( assertionResult.getMessage() );
+                    break;
+                case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
+                    m_xml.scopedElement( "Fatal Error Condition" )
+                        .writeAttribute( "filename", assertionResult.getSourceInfo().file )
+                        .writeAttribute( "line", assertionResult.getSourceInfo().line )
+                        .writeText( assertionResult.getMessage() );
+                    break;
+                case ResultWas::Info:
+                    m_xml.scopedElement( "Info" )
+                        .writeText( assertionResult.getMessage() );
+                    break;
+                case ResultWas::Warning:
+                    // Warning will already have been written
+                    break;
+                case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
+                    m_xml.scopedElement( "Failure" )
+                        .writeText( assertionResult.getMessage() );
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            if( assertionResult.hasExpression() )
+                m_xml.endElement();
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionStats const& sectionStats ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::sectionEnded( sectionStats );
+            if( --m_sectionDepth > 0 ) {
+                XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = m_xml.scopedElement( "OverallResults" );
+                e.writeAttribute( "successes", sectionStats.assertions.passed );
+                e.writeAttribute( "failures", sectionStats.assertions.failed );
+                e.writeAttribute( "expectedFailures", sectionStats.assertions.failedButOk );
+
+                if ( m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always )
+                    e.writeAttribute( "durationInSeconds", sectionStats.durationInSeconds );
+
+                m_xml.endElement();
+            }
+        }
+
+        virtual void testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& testCaseStats ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::testCaseEnded( testCaseStats );
+            XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = m_xml.scopedElement( "OverallResult" );
+            e.writeAttribute( "success", testCaseStats.totals.assertions.allOk() );
+
+            if ( m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always )
+                e.writeAttribute( "durationInSeconds", m_testCaseTimer.getElapsedSeconds() );
+
+            m_xml.endElement();
+        }
+
+        virtual void testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& testGroupStats ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::testGroupEnded( testGroupStats );
+            // TODO: Check testGroupStats.aborting and act accordingly.
+            m_xml.scopedElement( "OverallResults" )
+                .writeAttribute( "successes", testGroupStats.totals.assertions.passed )
+                .writeAttribute( "failures", testGroupStats.totals.assertions.failed )
+                .writeAttribute( "expectedFailures", testGroupStats.totals.assertions.failedButOk );
+            m_xml.endElement();
+        }
+
+        virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& testRunStats ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded( testRunStats );
+            m_xml.scopedElement( "OverallResults" )
+                .writeAttribute( "successes", testRunStats.totals.assertions.passed )
+                .writeAttribute( "failures", testRunStats.totals.assertions.failed )
+                .writeAttribute( "expectedFailures", testRunStats.totals.assertions.failedButOk );
+            m_xml.endElement();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        Timer m_testCaseTimer;
+        XmlWriter m_xml;
+        int m_sectionDepth;
+    };
+
+     INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( "xml", XmlReporter )
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: ../reporters/catch_reporter_junit.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REPORTER_JUNIT_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <assert.h>
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    class JunitReporter : public CumulativeReporterBase {
+    public:
+        JunitReporter( ReporterConfig const& _config )
+        :   CumulativeReporterBase( _config ),
+            xml( _config.stream() )
+        {}
+
+        ~JunitReporter();
+
+        static std::string getDescription() {
+            return "Reports test results in an XML format that looks like Ant's junitreport target";
+        }
+
+        virtual void noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& /*spec*/ ) {}
+
+        virtual ReporterPreferences getPreferences() const {
+            ReporterPreferences prefs;
+            prefs.shouldRedirectStdOut = true;
+            return prefs;
+        }
+
+        virtual void testRunStarting( TestRunInfo const& runInfo ) {
+            CumulativeReporterBase::testRunStarting( runInfo );
+            xml.startElement( "testsuites" );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testGroupStarting( GroupInfo const& groupInfo ) {
+            suiteTimer.start();
+            stdOutForSuite.str("");
+            stdErrForSuite.str("");
+            unexpectedExceptions = 0;
+            CumulativeReporterBase::testGroupStarting( groupInfo );
+        }
+
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& assertionStats ) {
+            if( assertionStats.assertionResult.getResultType() == ResultWas::ThrewException )
+                unexpectedExceptions++;
+            return CumulativeReporterBase::assertionEnded( assertionStats );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& testCaseStats ) {
+            stdOutForSuite << testCaseStats.stdOut;
+            stdErrForSuite << testCaseStats.stdErr;
+            CumulativeReporterBase::testCaseEnded( testCaseStats );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& testGroupStats ) {
+            double suiteTime = suiteTimer.getElapsedSeconds();
+            CumulativeReporterBase::testGroupEnded( testGroupStats );
+            writeGroup( *m_testGroups.back(), suiteTime );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testRunEndedCumulative() {
+            xml.endElement();
+        }
+
+        void writeGroup( TestGroupNode const& groupNode, double suiteTime ) {
+            XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement( "testsuite" );
+            TestGroupStats const& stats = groupNode.value;
+            xml.writeAttribute( "name", stats.groupInfo.name );
+            xml.writeAttribute( "errors", unexpectedExceptions );
+            xml.writeAttribute( "failures", stats.totals.assertions.failed-unexpectedExceptions );
+            xml.writeAttribute( "tests", stats.totals.assertions.total() );
+            xml.writeAttribute( "hostname", "tbd" ); // !TBD
+            if( m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Never )
+                xml.writeAttribute( "time", "" );
+            else
+                xml.writeAttribute( "time", suiteTime );
+            xml.writeAttribute( "timestamp", "tbd" ); // !TBD
+
+            // Write test cases
+            for( TestGroupNode::ChildNodes::const_iterator
+                    it = groupNode.children.begin(), itEnd = groupNode.children.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it )
+                writeTestCase( **it );
+
+            xml.scopedElement( "system-out" ).writeText( trim( stdOutForSuite.str() ), false );
+            xml.scopedElement( "system-err" ).writeText( trim( stdErrForSuite.str() ), false );
+        }
+
+        void writeTestCase( TestCaseNode const& testCaseNode ) {
+            TestCaseStats const& stats = testCaseNode.value;
+
+            // All test cases have exactly one section - which represents the
+            // test case itself. That section may have 0-n nested sections
+            assert( testCaseNode.children.size() == 1 );
+            SectionNode const& rootSection = *testCaseNode.children.front();
+
+            std::string className = stats.testInfo.className;
+
+            if( className.empty() ) {
+                if( rootSection.childSections.empty() )
+                    className = "global";
+            }
+            writeSection( className, "", rootSection );
+        }
+
+        void writeSection(  std::string const& className,
+                            std::string const& rootName,
+                            SectionNode const& sectionNode ) {
+            std::string name = trim( sectionNode.stats.sectionInfo.name );
+            if( !rootName.empty() )
+                name = rootName + "/" + name;
+
+            if( !sectionNode.assertions.empty() ||
+                !sectionNode.stdOut.empty() ||
+                !sectionNode.stdErr.empty() ) {
+                XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement( "testcase" );
+                if( className.empty() ) {
+                    xml.writeAttribute( "classname", name );
+                    xml.writeAttribute( "name", "root" );
+                }
+                else {
+                    xml.writeAttribute( "classname", className );
+                    xml.writeAttribute( "name", name );
+                }
+                xml.writeAttribute( "time", Catch::toString( sectionNode.stats.durationInSeconds ) );
+
+                writeAssertions( sectionNode );
+
+                if( !sectionNode.stdOut.empty() )
+                    xml.scopedElement( "system-out" ).writeText( trim( sectionNode.stdOut ), false );
+                if( !sectionNode.stdErr.empty() )
+                    xml.scopedElement( "system-err" ).writeText( trim( sectionNode.stdErr ), false );
+            }
+            for( SectionNode::ChildSections::const_iterator
+                    it = sectionNode.childSections.begin(),
+                    itEnd = sectionNode.childSections.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it )
+                if( className.empty() )
+                    writeSection( name, "", **it );
+                else
+                    writeSection( className, name, **it );
+        }
+
+        void writeAssertions( SectionNode const& sectionNode ) {
+            for( SectionNode::Assertions::const_iterator
+                    it = sectionNode.assertions.begin(), itEnd = sectionNode.assertions.end();
+                    it != itEnd;
+                    ++it )
+                writeAssertion( *it );
+        }
+        void writeAssertion( AssertionStats const& stats ) {
+            AssertionResult const& result = stats.assertionResult;
+            if( !result.isOk() ) {
+                std::string elementName;
+                switch( result.getResultType() ) {
+                    case ResultWas::ThrewException:
+                    case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
+                        elementName = "error";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
+                        elementName = "failure";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
+                        elementName = "failure";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
+                        elementName = "failure";
+                        break;
+
+                    // We should never see these here:
+                    case ResultWas::Info:
+                    case ResultWas::Warning:
+                    case ResultWas::Ok:
+                    case ResultWas::Unknown:
+                    case ResultWas::FailureBit:
+                    case ResultWas::Exception:
+                        elementName = "internalError";
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement( elementName );
+
+                xml.writeAttribute( "message", result.getExpandedExpression() );
+                xml.writeAttribute( "type", result.getTestMacroName() );
+
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                if( !result.getMessage().empty() )
+                    oss << result.getMessage() << "\n";
+                for( std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator
+                        it = stats.infoMessages.begin(),
+                        itEnd = stats.infoMessages.end();
+                            it != itEnd;
+                            ++it )
+                    if( it->type == ResultWas::Info )
+                        oss << it->message << "\n";
+
+                oss << "at " << result.getSourceInfo();
+                xml.writeText( oss.str(), false );
+            }
+        }
+
+        XmlWriter xml;
+        Timer suiteTimer;
+        std::ostringstream stdOutForSuite;
+        std::ostringstream stdErrForSuite;
+        unsigned int unexpectedExceptions;
+    };
+
+    INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( "junit", JunitReporter )
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: ../reporters/catch_reporter_console.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REPORTER_CONSOLE_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct ConsoleReporter : StreamingReporterBase {
+        ConsoleReporter( ReporterConfig const& _config )
+        :   StreamingReporterBase( _config ),
+            m_headerPrinted( false )
+        {}
+
+        virtual ~ConsoleReporter();
+        static std::string getDescription() {
+            return "Reports test results as plain lines of text";
+        }
+        virtual ReporterPreferences getPreferences() const {
+            ReporterPreferences prefs;
+            prefs.shouldRedirectStdOut = false;
+            return prefs;
+        }
+
+        virtual void noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& spec ) {
+            stream << "No test cases matched '" << spec << "'" << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        virtual void assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& ) {
+        }
+
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& _assertionStats ) {
+            AssertionResult const& result = _assertionStats.assertionResult;
+
+            bool printInfoMessages = true;
+
+            // Drop out if result was successful and we're not printing those
+            if( !m_config->includeSuccessfulResults() && result.isOk() ) {
+                if( result.getResultType() != ResultWas::Warning )
+                    return false;
+                printInfoMessages = false;
+            }
+
+            lazyPrint();
+
+            AssertionPrinter printer( stream, _assertionStats, printInfoMessages );
+            printer.print();
+            stream << std::endl;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        virtual void sectionStarting( SectionInfo const& _sectionInfo ) {
+            m_headerPrinted = false;
+            StreamingReporterBase::sectionStarting( _sectionInfo );
+        }
+        virtual void sectionEnded( SectionStats const& _sectionStats ) {
+            if( _sectionStats.missingAssertions ) {
+                lazyPrint();
+                Colour colour( Colour::ResultError );
+                if( m_sectionStack.size() > 1 )
+                    stream << "\nNo assertions in section";
+                else
+                    stream << "\nNo assertions in test case";
+                stream << " '" << _sectionStats.sectionInfo.name << "'\n" << std::endl;
+            }
+            if( m_headerPrinted ) {
+                if( m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always )
+                    stream << "Completed in " << _sectionStats.durationInSeconds << "s" << std::endl;
+                m_headerPrinted = false;
+            }
+            else {
+                if( m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always )
+                    stream << _sectionStats.sectionInfo.name << " completed in " << _sectionStats.durationInSeconds << "s" << std::endl;
+            }
+            StreamingReporterBase::sectionEnded( _sectionStats );
+        }
+
+        virtual void testCaseEnded( TestCaseStats const& _testCaseStats ) {
+            StreamingReporterBase::testCaseEnded( _testCaseStats );
+            m_headerPrinted = false;
+        }
+        virtual void testGroupEnded( TestGroupStats const& _testGroupStats ) {
+            if( currentGroupInfo.used ) {
+                printSummaryDivider();
+                stream << "Summary for group '" << _testGroupStats.groupInfo.name << "':\n";
+                printTotals( _testGroupStats.totals );
+                stream << "\n" << std::endl;
+            }
+            StreamingReporterBase::testGroupEnded( _testGroupStats );
+        }
+        virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& _testRunStats ) {
+            printTotalsDivider( _testRunStats.totals );
+            printTotals( _testRunStats.totals );
+            stream << std::endl;
+            StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded( _testRunStats );
+        }
+
+    private:
+
+        class AssertionPrinter {
+            void operator= ( AssertionPrinter const& );
+        public:
+            AssertionPrinter( std::ostream& _stream, AssertionStats const& _stats, bool _printInfoMessages )
+            :   stream( _stream ),
+                stats( _stats ),
+                result( _stats.assertionResult ),
+                colour( Colour::None ),
+                message( result.getMessage() ),
+                messages( _stats.infoMessages ),
+                printInfoMessages( _printInfoMessages )
+            {
+                switch( result.getResultType() ) {
+                    case ResultWas::Ok:
+                        colour = Colour::Success;
+                        passOrFail = "PASSED";
+                        //if( result.hasMessage() )
+                        if( _stats.infoMessages.size() == 1 )
+                            messageLabel = "with message";
+                        if( _stats.infoMessages.size() > 1 )
+                            messageLabel = "with messages";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
+                        if( result.isOk() ) {
+                            colour = Colour::Success;
+                            passOrFail = "FAILED - but was ok";
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            colour = Colour::Error;
+                            passOrFail = "FAILED";
+                        }
+                        if( _stats.infoMessages.size() == 1 )
+                            messageLabel = "with message";
+                        if( _stats.infoMessages.size() > 1 )
+                            messageLabel = "with messages";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ThrewException:
+                        colour = Colour::Error;
+                        passOrFail = "FAILED";
+                        messageLabel = "due to unexpected exception with message";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
+                        colour = Colour::Error;
+                        passOrFail = "FAILED";
+                        messageLabel = "due to a fatal error condition";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
+                        colour = Colour::Error;
+                        passOrFail = "FAILED";
+                        messageLabel = "because no exception was thrown where one was expected";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::Info:
+                        messageLabel = "info";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::Warning:
+                        messageLabel = "warning";
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
+                        passOrFail = "FAILED";
+                        colour = Colour::Error;
+                        if( _stats.infoMessages.size() == 1 )
+                            messageLabel = "explicitly with message";
+                        if( _stats.infoMessages.size() > 1 )
+                            messageLabel = "explicitly with messages";
+                        break;
+                    // These cases are here to prevent compiler warnings
+                    case ResultWas::Unknown:
+                    case ResultWas::FailureBit:
+                    case ResultWas::Exception:
+                        passOrFail = "** internal error **";
+                        colour = Colour::Error;
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            void print() const {
+                printSourceInfo();
+                if( stats.totals.assertions.total() > 0 ) {
+                    if( result.isOk() )
+                        stream << "\n";
+                    printResultType();
+                    printOriginalExpression();
+                    printReconstructedExpression();
+                }
+                else {
+                    stream << "\n";
+                }
+                printMessage();
+            }
+
+        private:
+            void printResultType() const {
+                if( !passOrFail.empty() ) {
+                    Colour colourGuard( colour );
+                    stream << passOrFail << ":\n";
+                }
+            }
+            void printOriginalExpression() const {
+                if( result.hasExpression() ) {
+                    Colour colourGuard( Colour::OriginalExpression );
+                    stream  << "  ";
+                    stream << result.getExpressionInMacro();
+                    stream << "\n";
+                }
+            }
+            void printReconstructedExpression() const {
+                if( result.hasExpandedExpression() ) {
+                    stream << "with expansion:\n";
+                    Colour colourGuard( Colour::ReconstructedExpression );
+                    stream << Text( result.getExpandedExpression(), TextAttributes().setIndent(2) ) << "\n";
+                }
+            }
+            void printMessage() const {
+                if( !messageLabel.empty() )
+                    stream << messageLabel << ":" << "\n";
+                for( std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator it = messages.begin(), itEnd = messages.end();
+                        it != itEnd;
+                        ++it ) {
+                    // If this assertion is a warning ignore any INFO messages
+                    if( printInfoMessages || it->type != ResultWas::Info )
+                        stream << Text( it->message, TextAttributes().setIndent(2) ) << "\n";
+                }
+            }
+            void printSourceInfo() const {
+                Colour colourGuard( Colour::FileName );
+                stream << result.getSourceInfo() << ": ";
+            }
+
+            std::ostream& stream;
+            AssertionStats const& stats;
+            AssertionResult const& result;
+            Colour::Code colour;
+            std::string passOrFail;
+            std::string messageLabel;
+            std::string message;
+            std::vector<MessageInfo> messages;
+            bool printInfoMessages;
+        };
+
+        void lazyPrint() {
+
+            if( !currentTestRunInfo.used )
+                lazyPrintRunInfo();
+            if( !currentGroupInfo.used )
+                lazyPrintGroupInfo();
+
+            if( !m_headerPrinted ) {
+                printTestCaseAndSectionHeader();
+                m_headerPrinted = true;
+            }
+        }
+        void lazyPrintRunInfo() {
+            stream  << "\n" << getLineOfChars<'~'>() << "\n";
+            Colour colour( Colour::SecondaryText );
+            stream  << currentTestRunInfo->name
+                    << " is a Catch v"  << libraryVersion.majorVersion << "."
+                    << libraryVersion.minorVersion << " b"
+                    << libraryVersion.buildNumber;
+            if( libraryVersion.branchName != std::string( "master" ) )
+                stream << " (" << libraryVersion.branchName << ")";
+            stream  << " host application.\n"
+                    << "Run with -? for options\n\n";
+
+            if( m_config->rngSeed() != 0 )
+                stream << "Randomness seeded to: " << m_config->rngSeed() << "\n\n";
+
+            currentTestRunInfo.used = true;
+        }
+        void lazyPrintGroupInfo() {
+            if( !currentGroupInfo->name.empty() && currentGroupInfo->groupsCounts > 1 ) {
+                printClosedHeader( "Group: " + currentGroupInfo->name );
+                currentGroupInfo.used = true;
+            }
+        }
+        void printTestCaseAndSectionHeader() {
+            assert( !m_sectionStack.empty() );
+            printOpenHeader( currentTestCaseInfo->name );
+
+            if( m_sectionStack.size() > 1 ) {
+                Colour colourGuard( Colour::Headers );
+
+                std::vector<SectionInfo>::const_iterator
+                    it = m_sectionStack.begin()+1, // Skip first section (test case)
+                    itEnd = m_sectionStack.end();
+                for( ; it != itEnd; ++it )
+                    printHeaderString( it->name, 2 );
+            }
+
+            SourceLineInfo lineInfo = m_sectionStack.front().lineInfo;
+
+            if( !lineInfo.empty() ){
+                stream << getLineOfChars<'-'>() << "\n";
+                Colour colourGuard( Colour::FileName );
+                stream << lineInfo << "\n";
+            }
+            stream << getLineOfChars<'.'>() << "\n" << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        void printClosedHeader( std::string const& _name ) {
+            printOpenHeader( _name );
+            stream << getLineOfChars<'.'>() << "\n";
+        }
+        void printOpenHeader( std::string const& _name ) {
+            stream  << getLineOfChars<'-'>() << "\n";
+            {
+                Colour colourGuard( Colour::Headers );
+                printHeaderString( _name );
+            }
+        }
+
+        // if string has a : in first line will set indent to follow it on
+        // subsequent lines
+        void printHeaderString( std::string const& _string, std::size_t indent = 0 ) {
+            std::size_t i = _string.find( ": " );
+            if( i != std::string::npos )
+                i+=2;
+            else
+                i = 0;
+            stream << Text( _string, TextAttributes()
+                                        .setIndent( indent+i)
+                                        .setInitialIndent( indent ) ) << "\n";
+        }
+
+        struct SummaryColumn {
+
+            SummaryColumn( std::string const& _label, Colour::Code _colour )
+            :   label( _label ),
+                colour( _colour )
+            {}
+            SummaryColumn addRow( std::size_t count ) {
+                std::ostringstream oss;
+                oss << count;
+                std::string row = oss.str();
+                for( std::vector<std::string>::iterator it = rows.begin(); it != rows.end(); ++it ) {
+                    while( it->size() < row.size() )
+                        *it = " " + *it;
+                    while( it->size() > row.size() )
+                        row = " " + row;
+                }
+                rows.push_back( row );
+                return *this;
+            }
+
+            std::string label;
+            Colour::Code colour;
+            std::vector<std::string> rows;
+
+        };
+
+        void printTotals( Totals const& totals ) {
+            if( totals.testCases.total() == 0 ) {
+                stream << Colour( Colour::Warning ) << "No tests ran\n";
+            }
+            else if( totals.assertions.total() > 0 && totals.assertions.allPassed() ) {
+                stream << Colour( Colour::ResultSuccess ) << "All tests passed";
+                stream << " ("
+                        << pluralise( totals.assertions.passed, "assertion" ) << " in "
+                        << pluralise( totals.testCases.passed, "test case" ) << ")"
+                        << "\n";
+            }
+            else {
+
+                std::vector<SummaryColumn> columns;
+                columns.push_back( SummaryColumn( "", Colour::None )
+                                        .addRow( totals.testCases.total() )
+                                        .addRow( totals.assertions.total() ) );
+                columns.push_back( SummaryColumn( "passed", Colour::Success )
+                                        .addRow( totals.testCases.passed )
+                                        .addRow( totals.assertions.passed ) );
+                columns.push_back( SummaryColumn( "failed", Colour::ResultError )
+                                        .addRow( totals.testCases.failed )
+                                        .addRow( totals.assertions.failed ) );
+                columns.push_back( SummaryColumn( "failed as expected", Colour::ResultExpectedFailure )
+                                        .addRow( totals.testCases.failedButOk )
+                                        .addRow( totals.assertions.failedButOk ) );
+
+                printSummaryRow( "test cases", columns, 0 );
+                printSummaryRow( "assertions", columns, 1 );
+            }
+        }
+        void printSummaryRow( std::string const& label, std::vector<SummaryColumn> const& cols, std::size_t row ) {
+            for( std::vector<SummaryColumn>::const_iterator it = cols.begin(); it != cols.end(); ++it ) {
+                std::string value = it->rows[row];
+                if( it->label.empty() ) {
+                    stream << label << ": ";
+                    if( value != "0" )
+                        stream << value;
+                    else
+                        stream << Colour( Colour::Warning ) << "- none -";
+                }
+                else if( value != "0" ) {
+                    stream  << Colour( Colour::LightGrey ) << " | ";
+                    stream  << Colour( it->colour )
+                            << value << " " << it->label;
+                }
+            }
+            stream << "\n";
+        }
+
+        static std::size_t makeRatio( std::size_t number, std::size_t total ) {
+            std::size_t ratio = total > 0 ? CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH * number/ total : 0;
+            return ( ratio == 0 && number > 0 ) ? 1 : ratio;
+        }
+        static std::size_t& findMax( std::size_t& i, std::size_t& j, std::size_t& k ) {
+            if( i > j && i > k )
+                return i;
+            else if( j > k )
+                return j;
+            else
+                return k;
+        }
+
+        void printTotalsDivider( Totals const& totals ) {
+            if( totals.testCases.total() > 0 ) {
+                std::size_t failedRatio = makeRatio( totals.testCases.failed, totals.testCases.total() );
+                std::size_t failedButOkRatio = makeRatio( totals.testCases.failedButOk, totals.testCases.total() );
+                std::size_t passedRatio = makeRatio( totals.testCases.passed, totals.testCases.total() );
+                while( failedRatio + failedButOkRatio + passedRatio < CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH-1 )
+                    findMax( failedRatio, failedButOkRatio, passedRatio )++;
+                while( failedRatio + failedButOkRatio + passedRatio > CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH-1 )
+                    findMax( failedRatio, failedButOkRatio, passedRatio )--;
+
+                stream << Colour( Colour::Error ) << std::string( failedRatio, '=' );
+                stream << Colour( Colour::ResultExpectedFailure ) << std::string( failedButOkRatio, '=' );
+                if( totals.testCases.allPassed() )
+                    stream << Colour( Colour::ResultSuccess ) << std::string( passedRatio, '=' );
+                else
+                    stream << Colour( Colour::Success ) << std::string( passedRatio, '=' );
+            }
+            else {
+                stream << Colour( Colour::Warning ) << std::string( CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH-1, '=' );
+            }
+            stream << "\n";
+        }
+        void printSummaryDivider() {
+            stream << getLineOfChars<'-'>() << "\n";
+        }
+
+    private:
+        bool m_headerPrinted;
+    };
+
+    INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( "console", ConsoleReporter )
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+// #included from: ../reporters/catch_reporter_compact.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REPORTER_COMPACT_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+    struct CompactReporter : StreamingReporterBase {
+
+        CompactReporter( ReporterConfig const& _config )
+        : StreamingReporterBase( _config )
+        {}
+
+        virtual ~CompactReporter();
+
+        static std::string getDescription() {
+            return "Reports test results on a single line, suitable for IDEs";
+        }
+
+        virtual ReporterPreferences getPreferences() const {
+            ReporterPreferences prefs;
+            prefs.shouldRedirectStdOut = false;
+            return prefs;
+        }
+
+        virtual void noMatchingTestCases( std::string const& spec ) {
+            stream << "No test cases matched '" << spec << "'" << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        virtual void assertionStarting( AssertionInfo const& ) {
+        }
+
+        virtual bool assertionEnded( AssertionStats const& _assertionStats ) {
+            AssertionResult const& result = _assertionStats.assertionResult;
+
+            bool printInfoMessages = true;
+
+            // Drop out if result was successful and we're not printing those
+            if( !m_config->includeSuccessfulResults() && result.isOk() ) {
+                if( result.getResultType() != ResultWas::Warning )
+                    return false;
+                printInfoMessages = false;
+            }
+
+            AssertionPrinter printer( stream, _assertionStats, printInfoMessages );
+            printer.print();
+
+            stream << std::endl;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        virtual void testRunEnded( TestRunStats const& _testRunStats ) {
+            printTotals( _testRunStats.totals );
+            stream << "\n" << std::endl;
+            StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded( _testRunStats );
+        }
+
+    private:
+        class AssertionPrinter {
+            void operator= ( AssertionPrinter const& );
+        public:
+            AssertionPrinter( std::ostream& _stream, AssertionStats const& _stats, bool _printInfoMessages )
+            : stream( _stream )
+            , stats( _stats )
+            , result( _stats.assertionResult )
+            , messages( _stats.infoMessages )
+            , itMessage( _stats.infoMessages.begin() )
+            , printInfoMessages( _printInfoMessages )
+            {}
+
+            void print() {
+                printSourceInfo();
+
+                itMessage = messages.begin();
+
+                switch( result.getResultType() ) {
+                    case ResultWas::Ok:
+                        printResultType( Colour::ResultSuccess, passedString() );
+                        printOriginalExpression();
+                        printReconstructedExpression();
+                        if ( ! result.hasExpression() )
+                            printRemainingMessages( Colour::None );
+                        else
+                            printRemainingMessages();
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
+                        if( result.isOk() )
+                            printResultType( Colour::ResultSuccess, failedString() + std::string( " - but was ok" ) );
+                        else
+                            printResultType( Colour::Error, failedString() );
+                        printOriginalExpression();
+                        printReconstructedExpression();
+                        printRemainingMessages();
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ThrewException:
+                        printResultType( Colour::Error, failedString() );
+                        printIssue( "unexpected exception with message:" );
+                        printMessage();
+                        printExpressionWas();
+                        printRemainingMessages();
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
+                        printResultType( Colour::Error, failedString() );
+                        printIssue( "fatal error condition with message:" );
+                        printMessage();
+                        printExpressionWas();
+                        printRemainingMessages();
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
+                        printResultType( Colour::Error, failedString() );
+                        printIssue( "expected exception, got none" );
+                        printExpressionWas();
+                        printRemainingMessages();
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::Info:
+                        printResultType( Colour::None, "info" );
+                        printMessage();
+                        printRemainingMessages();
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::Warning:
+                        printResultType( Colour::None, "warning" );
+                        printMessage();
+                        printRemainingMessages();
+                        break;
+                    case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
+                        printResultType( Colour::Error, failedString() );
+                        printIssue( "explicitly" );
+                        printRemainingMessages( Colour::None );
+                        break;
+                    // These cases are here to prevent compiler warnings
+                    case ResultWas::Unknown:
+                    case ResultWas::FailureBit:
+                    case ResultWas::Exception:
+                        printResultType( Colour::Error, "** internal error **" );
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+
+        private:
+            // Colour::LightGrey
+
+            static Colour::Code dimColour() { return Colour::FileName; }
+
+#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC
+            static const char* failedString() { return "FAILED"; }
+            static const char* passedString() { return "PASSED"; }
+#else
+            static const char* failedString() { return "failed"; }
+            static const char* passedString() { return "passed"; }
+#endif
+
+            void printSourceInfo() const {
+                Colour colourGuard( Colour::FileName );
+                stream << result.getSourceInfo() << ":";
+            }
+
+            void printResultType( Colour::Code colour, std::string passOrFail ) const {
+                if( !passOrFail.empty() ) {
+                    {
+                        Colour colourGuard( colour );
+                        stream << " " << passOrFail;
+                    }
+                    stream << ":";
+                }
+            }
+
+            void printIssue( std::string issue ) const {
+                stream << " " << issue;
+            }
+
+            void printExpressionWas() {
+                if( result.hasExpression() ) {
+                    stream << ";";
+                    {
+                        Colour colour( dimColour() );
+                        stream << " expression was:";
+                    }
+                    printOriginalExpression();
+                }
+            }
+
+            void printOriginalExpression() const {
+                if( result.hasExpression() ) {
+                    stream << " " << result.getExpression();
+                }
+            }
+
+            void printReconstructedExpression() const {
+                if( result.hasExpandedExpression() ) {
+                    {
+                        Colour colour( dimColour() );
+                        stream << " for: ";
+                    }
+                    stream << result.getExpandedExpression();
+                }
+            }
+
+            void printMessage() {
+                if ( itMessage != messages.end() ) {
+                    stream << " '" << itMessage->message << "'";
+                    ++itMessage;
+                }
+            }
+
+            void printRemainingMessages( Colour::Code colour = dimColour() ) {
+                if ( itMessage == messages.end() )
+                    return;
+
+                // using messages.end() directly yields compilation error:
+                std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator itEnd = messages.end();
+                const std::size_t N = static_cast<std::size_t>( std::distance( itMessage, itEnd ) );
+
+                {
+                    Colour colourGuard( colour );
+                    stream << " with " << pluralise( N, "message" ) << ":";
+                }
+
+                for(; itMessage != itEnd; ) {
+                    // If this assertion is a warning ignore any INFO messages
+                    if( printInfoMessages || itMessage->type != ResultWas::Info ) {
+                        stream << " '" << itMessage->message << "'";
+                        if ( ++itMessage != itEnd ) {
+                            Colour colourGuard( dimColour() );
+                            stream << " and";
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+        private:
+            std::ostream& stream;
+            AssertionStats const& stats;
+            AssertionResult const& result;
+            std::vector<MessageInfo> messages;
+            std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator itMessage;
+            bool printInfoMessages;
+        };
+
+        // Colour, message variants:
+        // - white: No tests ran.
+        // -   red: Failed [both/all] N test cases, failed [both/all] M assertions.
+        // - white: Passed [both/all] N test cases (no assertions).
+        // -   red: Failed N tests cases, failed M assertions.
+        // - green: Passed [both/all] N tests cases with M assertions.
+
+        std::string bothOrAll( std::size_t count ) const {
+            return count == 1 ? "" : count == 2 ? "both " : "all " ;
+        }
+
+        void printTotals( const Totals& totals ) const {
+            if( totals.testCases.total() == 0 ) {
+                stream << "No tests ran.";
+            }
+            else if( totals.testCases.failed == totals.testCases.total() ) {
+                Colour colour( Colour::ResultError );
+                const std::string qualify_assertions_failed =
+                    totals.assertions.failed == totals.assertions.total() ?
+                        bothOrAll( totals.assertions.failed ) : "";
+                stream <<
+                    "Failed " << bothOrAll( totals.testCases.failed )
+                              << pluralise( totals.testCases.failed, "test case"  ) << ", "
+                    "failed " << qualify_assertions_failed <<
+                                 pluralise( totals.assertions.failed, "assertion" ) << ".";
+            }
+            else if( totals.assertions.total() == 0 ) {
+                stream <<
+                    "Passed " << bothOrAll( totals.testCases.total() )
+                              << pluralise( totals.testCases.total(), "test case" )
+                              << " (no assertions).";
+            }
+            else if( totals.assertions.failed ) {
+                Colour colour( Colour::ResultError );
+                stream <<
+                    "Failed " << pluralise( totals.testCases.failed, "test case"  ) << ", "
+                    "failed " << pluralise( totals.assertions.failed, "assertion" ) << ".";
+            }
+            else {
+                Colour colour( Colour::ResultSuccess );
+                stream <<
+                    "Passed " << bothOrAll( totals.testCases.passed )
+                              << pluralise( totals.testCases.passed, "test case"  ) <<
+                    " with "  << pluralise( totals.assertions.passed, "assertion" ) << ".";
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( "compact", CompactReporter )
+
+} // end namespace Catch
+
+namespace Catch {
+    NonCopyable::~NonCopyable() {}
+    IShared::~IShared() {}
+    StreamBufBase::~StreamBufBase() CATCH_NOEXCEPT {}
+    IContext::~IContext() {}
+    IResultCapture::~IResultCapture() {}
+    ITestCase::~ITestCase() {}
+    ITestCaseRegistry::~ITestCaseRegistry() {}
+    IRegistryHub::~IRegistryHub() {}
+    IMutableRegistryHub::~IMutableRegistryHub() {}
+    IExceptionTranslator::~IExceptionTranslator() {}
+    IExceptionTranslatorRegistry::~IExceptionTranslatorRegistry() {}
+    IReporter::~IReporter() {}
+    IReporterFactory::~IReporterFactory() {}
+    IReporterRegistry::~IReporterRegistry() {}
+    IStreamingReporter::~IStreamingReporter() {}
+    AssertionStats::~AssertionStats() {}
+    SectionStats::~SectionStats() {}
+    TestCaseStats::~TestCaseStats() {}
+    TestGroupStats::~TestGroupStats() {}
+    TestRunStats::~TestRunStats() {}
+    CumulativeReporterBase::SectionNode::~SectionNode() {}
+    CumulativeReporterBase::~CumulativeReporterBase() {}
+
+    StreamingReporterBase::~StreamingReporterBase() {}
+    ConsoleReporter::~ConsoleReporter() {}
+    CompactReporter::~CompactReporter() {}
+    IRunner::~IRunner() {}
+    IMutableContext::~IMutableContext() {}
+    IConfig::~IConfig() {}
+    XmlReporter::~XmlReporter() {}
+    JunitReporter::~JunitReporter() {}
+    TestRegistry::~TestRegistry() {}
+    FreeFunctionTestCase::~FreeFunctionTestCase() {}
+    IGeneratorInfo::~IGeneratorInfo() {}
+    IGeneratorsForTest::~IGeneratorsForTest() {}
+    TestSpec::Pattern::~Pattern() {}
+    TestSpec::NamePattern::~NamePattern() {}
+    TestSpec::TagPattern::~TagPattern() {}
+    TestSpec::ExcludedPattern::~ExcludedPattern() {}
+
+    Matchers::Impl::StdString::Equals::~Equals() {}
+    Matchers::Impl::StdString::Contains::~Contains() {}
+    Matchers::Impl::StdString::StartsWith::~StartsWith() {}
+    Matchers::Impl::StdString::EndsWith::~EndsWith() {}
+
+    void Config::dummy() {}
+}
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
+// #included from: internal/catch_default_main.hpp
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_DEFAULT_MAIN_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#ifndef __OBJC__
+
+// Standard C/C++ main entry point
+int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) {
+    return Catch::Session().run( argc, argv );
+}
+
+#else // __OBJC__
+
+// Objective-C entry point
+int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) {
+#if !CATCH_ARC_ENABLED
+    NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
+#endif
+
+    Catch::registerTestMethods();
+    int result = Catch::Session().run( argc, (char* const*)argv );
+
+#if !CATCH_ARC_ENABLED
+    [pool drain];
+#endif
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+#endif // __OBJC__
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CLARA_CONFIG_MAIN_NOT_DEFINED
+#  undef CLARA_CONFIG_MAIN
+#endif
+
+//////
+
+// If this config identifier is defined then all CATCH macros are prefixed with CATCH_
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_PREFIX_ALL
+
+#define CATCH_REQUIRE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "CATCH_REQUIRE" )
+#define CATCH_REQUIRE_FALSE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal | Catch::ResultDisposition::FalseTest, "CATCH_REQUIRE_FALSE" )
+
+#define CATCH_REQUIRE_THROWS( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "CATCH_REQUIRE_THROWS" )
+#define CATCH_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "CATCH_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS" )
+#define CATCH_REQUIRE_NOTHROW( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_NO_THROW( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "CATCH_REQUIRE_NOTHROW" )
+
+#define CATCH_CHECK( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_CHECK" )
+#define CATCH_CHECK_FALSE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure | Catch::ResultDisposition::FalseTest, "CATCH_CHECK_FALSE" )
+#define CATCH_CHECKED_IF( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_IF( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_CHECKED_IF" )
+#define CATCH_CHECKED_ELSE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_ELSE( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_CHECKED_ELSE" )
+#define CATCH_CHECK_NOFAIL( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure | Catch::ResultDisposition::SuppressFail, "CATCH_CHECK_NOFAIL" )
+
+#define CATCH_CHECK_THROWS( expr )  INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_CHECK_THROWS" )
+#define CATCH_CHECK_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_CHECK_THROWS_AS" )
+#define CATCH_CHECK_NOTHROW( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_NO_THROW( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_CHECK_NOTHROW" )
+
+#define CHECK_THAT( arg, matcher ) INTERNAL_CHECK_THAT( arg, matcher, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_CHECK_THAT" )
+#define CATCH_REQUIRE_THAT( arg, matcher ) INTERNAL_CHECK_THAT( arg, matcher, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "CATCH_REQUIRE_THAT" )
+
+#define CATCH_INFO( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( msg, "CATCH_INFO" )
+#define CATCH_WARN( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::Warning, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_WARN", msg )
+#define CATCH_SCOPED_INFO( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( msg, "CATCH_INFO" )
+#define CATCH_CAPTURE( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( #msg " := " << msg, "CATCH_CAPTURE" )
+#define CATCH_SCOPED_CAPTURE( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( #msg " := " << msg, "CATCH_CAPTURE" )
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+    #define CATCH_TEST_CASE( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define CATCH_SECTION( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_SECTION( __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define CATCH_FAIL( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::ExplicitFailure, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "CATCH_FAIL", __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define CATCH_SUCCEED( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::Ok, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_SUCCEED", __VA_ARGS__ )
+#else
+    #define CATCH_TEST_CASE( name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( name, description )
+    #define CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, name, description )
+    #define CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, name, description )
+    #define CATCH_SECTION( name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_SECTION( name, description )
+    #define CATCH_FAIL( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::ExplicitFailure, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "CATCH_FAIL", msg )
+    #define CATCH_SUCCEED( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::Ok, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CATCH_SUCCEED", msg )
+#endif
+#define CATCH_ANON_TEST_CASE() INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( "", "" )
+
+#define CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( name, reporterType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( name, reporterType )
+#define CATCH_REGISTER_LEGACY_REPORTER( name, reporterType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_LEGACY_REPORTER( name, reporterType )
+
+#define CATCH_GENERATE( expr) INTERNAL_CATCH_GENERATE( expr )
+
+// "BDD-style" convenience wrappers
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define CATCH_SCENARIO( ... ) CATCH_TEST_CASE( "Scenario: " __VA_ARGS__ )
+#define CATCH_SCENARIO_METHOD( className, ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, "Scenario: " __VA_ARGS__ )
+#else
+#define CATCH_SCENARIO( name, tags ) CATCH_TEST_CASE( "Scenario: " name, tags )
+#define CATCH_SCENARIO_METHOD( className, name, tags ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, "Scenario: " name, tags )
+#endif
+#define CATCH_GIVEN( desc )    CATCH_SECTION( "Given: " desc, "" )
+#define CATCH_WHEN( desc )     CATCH_SECTION( " When: " desc, "" )
+#define CATCH_AND_WHEN( desc ) CATCH_SECTION( "  And: " desc, "" )
+#define CATCH_THEN( desc )     CATCH_SECTION( " Then: " desc, "" )
+#define CATCH_AND_THEN( desc ) CATCH_SECTION( "  And: " desc, "" )
+
+// If CATCH_CONFIG_PREFIX_ALL is not defined then the CATCH_ prefix is not required
+#else
+
+#define REQUIRE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "REQUIRE" )
+#define REQUIRE_FALSE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal | Catch::ResultDisposition::FalseTest, "REQUIRE_FALSE" )
+
+#define REQUIRE_THROWS( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "REQUIRE_THROWS" )
+#define REQUIRE_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "REQUIRE_THROWS_AS" )
+#define REQUIRE_NOTHROW( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_NO_THROW( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "REQUIRE_NOTHROW" )
+
+#define CHECK( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CHECK" )
+#define CHECK_FALSE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure | Catch::ResultDisposition::FalseTest, "CHECK_FALSE" )
+#define CHECKED_IF( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_IF( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CHECKED_IF" )
+#define CHECKED_ELSE( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_ELSE( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CHECKED_ELSE" )
+#define CHECK_NOFAIL( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure | Catch::ResultDisposition::SuppressFail, "CHECK_NOFAIL" )
+
+#define CHECK_THROWS( expr )  INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CHECK_THROWS" )
+#define CHECK_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_THROWS_AS( expr, exceptionType, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CHECK_THROWS_AS" )
+#define CHECK_NOTHROW( expr ) INTERNAL_CATCH_NO_THROW( expr, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CHECK_NOTHROW" )
+
+#define CHECK_THAT( arg, matcher ) INTERNAL_CHECK_THAT( arg, matcher, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "CHECK_THAT" )
+#define REQUIRE_THAT( arg, matcher ) INTERNAL_CHECK_THAT( arg, matcher, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "REQUIRE_THAT" )
+
+#define INFO( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( msg, "INFO" )
+#define WARN( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::Warning, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "WARN", msg )
+#define SCOPED_INFO( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( msg, "INFO" )
+#define CAPTURE( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( #msg " := " << msg, "CAPTURE" )
+#define SCOPED_CAPTURE( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_INFO( #msg " := " << msg, "CAPTURE" )
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+    #define TEST_CASE( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define SECTION( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_SECTION( __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define FAIL( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::ExplicitFailure, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "FAIL", __VA_ARGS__ )
+    #define SUCCEED( ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::Ok, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "SUCCEED", __VA_ARGS__ )
+#else
+    #define TEST_CASE( name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( name, description )
+    #define TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, name, description )
+    #define METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_METHOD_AS_TEST_CASE( method, name, description )
+    #define SECTION( name, description ) INTERNAL_CATCH_SECTION( name, description )
+    #define FAIL( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::ExplicitFailure, Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal, "FAIL", msg )
+    #define SUCCEED( msg ) INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG( Catch::ResultWas::Ok, Catch::ResultDisposition::ContinueOnFailure, "SUCCEED", msg )
+#endif
+#define ANON_TEST_CASE() INTERNAL_CATCH_TESTCASE( "", "" )
+
+#define REGISTER_REPORTER( name, reporterType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_REPORTER( name, reporterType )
+#define REGISTER_LEGACY_REPORTER( name, reporterType ) INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_LEGACY_REPORTER( name, reporterType )
+
+#define GENERATE( expr) INTERNAL_CATCH_GENERATE( expr )
+
+#endif
+
+#define CATCH_TRANSLATE_EXCEPTION( signature ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TRANSLATE_EXCEPTION( signature )
+
+// "BDD-style" convenience wrappers
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define SCENARIO( ... ) TEST_CASE( "Scenario: " __VA_ARGS__ )
+#define SCENARIO_METHOD( className, ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, "Scenario: " __VA_ARGS__ )
+#else
+#define SCENARIO( name, tags ) TEST_CASE( "Scenario: " name, tags )
+#define SCENARIO_METHOD( className, name, tags ) INTERNAL_CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD( className, "Scenario: " name, tags )
+#endif
+#define GIVEN( desc )    SECTION( "   Given: " desc, "" )
+#define WHEN( desc )     SECTION( "    When: " desc, "" )
+#define AND_WHEN( desc ) SECTION( "And when: " desc, "" )
+#define THEN( desc )     SECTION( "    Then: " desc, "" )
+#define AND_THEN( desc ) SECTION( "     And: " desc, "" )
+
+using Catch::Detail::Approx;
+
+// #included from: internal/catch_reenable_warnings.h
+
+#define TWOBLUECUBES_CATCH_REENABLE_WARNINGS_H_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#    ifdef __ICC // icpc defines the __clang__ macro
+#        pragma warning(pop)
+#    else
+#        pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#    endif
+#elif defined __GNUC__
+#    pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#endif // TWOBLUECUBES_SINGLE_INCLUDE_CATCH_HPP_INCLUDED
+
diff --git a/tools/include/doctest.h b/tools/include/doctest.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..695c271b59c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/doctest.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5696 @@
+// ======================================================================
+// == DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE BY HAND - IT IS AUTO GENERATED BY CMAKE! ==
+// ======================================================================
+//
+// doctest.h - the lightest feature-rich C++ single-header testing framework for unit tests and TDD
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Viktor Kirilov
+//
+// Distributed under the MIT Software License
+// See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+// https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+//
+// The documentation can be found at the library's page:
+// https://github.com/onqtam/doctest/blob/master/doc/markdown/readme.md
+//
+// =================================================================================================
+// =================================================================================================
+// =================================================================================================
+//
+// The library is heavily influenced by Catch - https://github.com/philsquared/Catch
+// which uses the Boost Software License - Version 1.0
+// see here - https://github.com/philsquared/Catch/blob/master/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+//
+// The concept of subcases (sections in Catch) and expression decomposition are from there.
+// Some parts of the code are taken directly:
+// - stringification - the detection of "ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const T&)" and StringMaker<>
+// - the Approx() helper class for floating point comparison
+// - colors in the console
+// - breaking into a debugger
+// - signal / SEH handling
+// - timer
+//
+// The expression decomposing templates are taken from lest - https://github.com/martinmoene/lest
+// which uses the Boost Software License - Version 1.0
+// see here - https://github.com/martinmoene/lest/blob/master/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+//
+// The type list and the foreach algorithm on it for C++98 are taken from Loki
+// - http://loki-lib.sourceforge.net/
+// - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loki_%28C%2B%2B%29
+// - https://github.com/snaewe/loki-lib
+// which uses the MIT Software License
+//
+// =================================================================================================
+// =================================================================================================
+// =================================================================================================
+
+// Suppress this globally (without push/pop) - there is no way to silence it in the
+// expression decomposition macros _Pragma() in macros doesn't work for the c++ front-end of g++
+// https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=55578
+// https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=69543
+// Also the warning is completely worthless nowadays - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14016993
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Waggregate-return"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunknown-pragmas"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wnon-virtual-dtor"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wweak-vtables"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-prototypes"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-local-typedef"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++11-long-long"
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunknown-pragmas"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Weffc++"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wstrict-overflow"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wstrict-aliasing"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wctor-dtor-privacy"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-declarations"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wnon-virtual-dtor"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Winline"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wlong-long"
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant"
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 7)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-local-typedefs"
+#endif // > gcc 4.7
+#if __GNUC__ > 5 || (__GNUC__ == 5 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 3)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wuseless-cast"
+#endif // > gcc 5.3
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4996) // The compiler encountered a deprecated declaration
+#pragma warning(disable : 4706) // assignment within conditional expression
+#pragma warning(disable : 4512) // 'class' : assignment operator could not be generated
+#pragma warning(disable : 4127) // conditional expression is constant
+#endif                          // _MSC_VER
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_LIBRARY_INCLUDED
+#define DOCTEST_LIBRARY_INCLUDED
+
+#define DOCTEST_VERSION_MAJOR 1
+#define DOCTEST_VERSION_MINOR 2
+#define DOCTEST_VERSION_PATCH 1
+#define DOCTEST_VERSION_STR "1.2.1"
+
+#define DOCTEST_VERSION                                                                            \
+    (DOCTEST_VERSION_MAJOR * 10000 + DOCTEST_VERSION_MINOR * 100 + DOCTEST_VERSION_PATCH)
+
+// =================================================================================================
+// == FEATURE DETECTION ============================================================================
+// =================================================================================================
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#endif // __cplusplus >= 201103L
+
+#ifndef __has_feature
+#define __has_feature(x) 0
+#endif // __has_feature
+
+// MSVC C++11 feature support table: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh567368.aspx
+// GCC C++11 feature support table: https://gcc.gnu.org/projects/cxx-status.html
+// MSVC version table:
+// MSVC++ 15.0 _MSC_VER == 1910 (Visual Studio 2017)
+// MSVC++ 14.0 _MSC_VER == 1900 (Visual Studio 2015)
+// MSVC++ 12.0 _MSC_VER == 1800 (Visual Studio 2013)
+// MSVC++ 11.0 _MSC_VER == 1700 (Visual Studio 2012)
+// MSVC++ 10.0 _MSC_VER == 1600 (Visual Studio 2010)
+// MSVC++ 9.0  _MSC_VER == 1500 (Visual Studio 2008)
+// MSVC++ 8.0  _MSC_VER == 1400 (Visual Studio 2005)
+
+// deleted functions
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1800)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+#if defined(__clang__) && __has_feature(cxx_deleted_functions)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#endif // __clang__
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 4) || __GNUC__ > 4) &&               \
+        defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#endif // __GNUC__
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_DELETED_FUNCTIONS) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_DELETED_FUNCTIONS
+
+// rvalue references
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1600)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+#if defined(__clang__) && __has_feature(cxx_rvalue_references)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#endif // __clang__
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 3) || __GNUC__ > 4) &&               \
+        defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#endif // __GNUC__
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+
+// nullptr
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#if defined(__clang__) && __has_feature(cxx_nullptr)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#endif // __clang__
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 6) || __GNUC__ > 4) &&               \
+        defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#endif                                      // __GNUC__
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1600) // MSVC 2010
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_NULLPTR) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_NULLPTR
+
+// variadic macros
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER > 1400 && !defined(__EDGE__)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 1) || __GNUC__ > 4) &&               \
+        defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#endif // __GNUC__ and clang
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_VARIADIC_MACROS) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+// long long
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+#if(defined(__clang__) ||                                                                          \
+    (defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 5) || __GNUC__ > 4))) &&            \
+        defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+#endif // __GNUC__ and clang
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_LONG_LONG) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_LONG_LONG
+
+// static_assert
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#if defined(__clang__) && __has_feature(cxx_static_assert)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#endif // __clang__
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 3) || __GNUC__ > 4) &&               \
+        defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#endif                                      // __GNUC__
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1600) // MSVC 2010
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_STATIC_ASSERT) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_STATIC_ASSERT
+
+// other stuff...
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES) || defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG) ||    \
+        defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_DELETED_FUNCTIONS) || defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR) ||  \
+        defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS) || defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT)
+#define DOCTEST_NO_CPP11_COMPAT
+#endif // c++11 stuff
+
+#if defined(__clang__) && defined(DOCTEST_NO_CPP11_COMPAT)
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++98-compat"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++98-compat-pedantic"
+#endif // __clang__ && DOCTEST_NO_CPP11_COMPAT
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_WINDOWS_SEH) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_WINDOWS_SEH
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__QNX__) && !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS
+#endif // _WIN32
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_POSIX_SIGNALS) && defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS)
+#undef DOCTEST_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_POSIX_SIGNALS
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+#endif // clang and gcc
+// in MSVC _HAS_EXCEPTIONS is defined in a header instead of as a project define
+// so we can't do the automatic detection for MSVC without including some header
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS_BUT_WITH_ALL_ASSERTS
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS_BUT_WITH_ALL_ASSERTS
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS) && !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_TRY_CATCH_IN_ASSERTS)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_TRY_CATCH_IN_ASSERTS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS && !DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_TRY_CATCH_IN_ASSERTS
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT_WITH_MAIN) && !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT)
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT_WITH_MAIN
+
+#if defined _WIN32 || defined __CYGWIN__
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#define DOCTEST_SYMBOL_EXPORT __attribute__((dllexport))
+#define DOCTEST_SYMBOL_IMPORT __attribute__((dllimport))
+#else // __GNUC__
+#define DOCTEST_SYMBOL_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
+#define DOCTEST_SYMBOL_IMPORT __declspec(dllimport)
+#endif // __GNUC__
+#else  // _WIN32
+#define DOCTEST_SYMBOL_EXPORT __attribute__((visibility("default")))
+#define DOCTEST_SYMBOL_IMPORT
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENTATION_IN_DLL
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT
+#define DOCTEST_INTERFACE DOCTEST_SYMBOL_EXPORT
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT
+#define DOCTEST_INTERFACE DOCTEST_SYMBOL_IMPORT
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT
+#else  // DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENTATION_IN_DLL
+#define DOCTEST_INTERFACE
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENTATION_IN_DLL
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define DOCTEST_NOINLINE __declspec(noinline)
+#else // _MSC_VER
+#define DOCTEST_NOINLINE __attribute__((noinline))
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NUM_CAPTURES_ON_STACK
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_NUM_CAPTURES_ON_STACK 5
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NUM_CAPTURES_ON_STACK
+
+// =================================================================================================
+// == FEATURE DETECTION END ========================================================================
+// =================================================================================================
+
+// internal macros for string concatenation and anonymous variable name generation
+#define DOCTEST_CAT_IMPL(s1, s2) s1##s2
+#define DOCTEST_CAT(s1, s2) DOCTEST_CAT_IMPL(s1, s2)
+#ifdef __COUNTER__ // not standard and may be missing for some compilers
+#define DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(x) DOCTEST_CAT(x, __COUNTER__)
+#else // __COUNTER__
+#define DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(x) DOCTEST_CAT(x, __LINE__)
+#endif // __COUNTER__
+
+// macro for making a string out of an identifier
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TOSTR_IMPL(...) #__VA_ARGS__
+#define DOCTEST_TOSTR(...) DOCTEST_TOSTR_IMPL(__VA_ARGS__)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TOSTR_IMPL(x) #x
+#define DOCTEST_TOSTR(x) DOCTEST_TOSTR_IMPL(x)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+// for concatenating literals and making the result a string
+#define DOCTEST_STR_CONCAT_TOSTR(s1, s2) DOCTEST_TOSTR(s1) DOCTEST_TOSTR(s2)
+
+// counts the number of elements in a C string
+#define DOCTEST_COUNTOF(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof(x[0]))
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_ASSERTION_PARAMETERS_BY_VALUE
+#define DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(x) x&
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_ASSERTION_PARAMETERS_BY_VALUE
+#define DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(x) x
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_ASSERTION_PARAMETERS_BY_VALUE
+
+// not using __APPLE__ because... this is how Catch does it
+#if defined(__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED)
+#define DOCTEST_PLATFORM_MAC
+#elif defined(__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED)
+#define DOCTEST_PLATFORM_IPHONE
+#elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define DOCTEST_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+#else
+#define DOCTEST_PLATFORM_LINUX
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#define DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(var)                                                            \
+    _Pragma("clang diagnostic push")                                                               \
+            _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wglobal-constructors\"") static int var
+#define DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END() _Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#define DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(var) static int var __attribute__((unused))
+#define DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END()
+#else // MSVC / other
+#define DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(var) static int var
+#define DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END()
+#endif // MSVC / other
+
+// should probably take a look at https://github.com/scottt/debugbreak
+#ifdef DOCTEST_PLATFORM_MAC
+#define DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() __asm__("int $3\n" : :)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() __debugbreak()
+#elif defined(__MINGW32__)
+extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) void __stdcall DebugBreak();
+#define DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() ::DebugBreak()
+#else // linux
+#define DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER() ((void)0)
+#endif // linux
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+// to detect if libc++ is being used with clang (the _LIBCPP_VERSION identifier)
+#include <ciso646>
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_VERSION
+// not forward declaring ostream for libc++ because I had some problems (inline namespaces vs c++98)
+// so the <iosfwd> header is used - also it is very light and doesn't drag a ton of stuff
+#include <iosfwd>
+#else // _LIBCPP_VERSION
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_USE_IOSFWD
+namespace std
+{
+template <class charT>
+struct char_traits;
+template <>
+struct char_traits<char>;
+template <class charT, class traits>
+class basic_ostream;
+typedef basic_ostream<char, char_traits<char> > ostream;
+} // namespace std
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_USE_IOSFWD
+#include <iosfwd>
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_USE_IOSFWD
+#endif // _LIBCPP_VERSION
+
+// static assert macro - because of the c++98 support requires that the message is an
+// identifier (no spaces and not a C string) - example without quotes: I_am_a_message
+// taken from here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/1980156/3162383
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#define DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(expression, message) static_assert(expression, #message)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+#define DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(expression, message)                                                 \
+    struct DOCTEST_CAT(__static_assertion_at_line_, __LINE__)                                      \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        doctest::detail::static_assert_impl::StaticAssertion<static_cast<bool>((expression))>      \
+                DOCTEST_CAT(DOCTEST_CAT(DOCTEST_CAT(STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILED_AT_LINE_, __LINE__),   \
+                                        _),                                                        \
+                            message);                                                              \
+    };                                                                                             \
+    typedef doctest::detail::static_assert_impl::StaticAssertionTest<static_cast<int>(             \
+            sizeof(DOCTEST_CAT(__static_assertion_at_line_, __LINE__)))>                           \
+            DOCTEST_CAT(__static_assertion_test_at_line_, __LINE__)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_VERSION
+#include <cstddef>
+#else  // _LIBCPP_VERSION
+namespace std
+{ typedef decltype(nullptr) nullptr_t; }
+#endif // _LIBCPP_VERSION
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+namespace doctest
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+    struct TestSuite
+    {
+        const char* m_test_suite;
+        const char* m_description;
+        bool        m_skip;
+        bool        m_may_fail;
+        bool        m_should_fail;
+        int         m_expected_failures;
+        double      m_timeout;
+
+        TestSuite& operator*(const char* in) {
+            m_test_suite = in;
+            // clear state
+            m_description       = 0;
+            m_skip              = false;
+            m_may_fail          = false;
+            m_should_fail       = false;
+            m_expected_failures = 0;
+            m_timeout           = 0;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        template <typename T>
+        TestSuite& operator*(const T& in) {
+            in.fill(*this);
+            return *this;
+        }
+    };
+} // namespace detail
+} // namespace doctest
+
+// in a separate namespace outside of doctest because the DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE macro
+// introduces an anonymous namespace in which getCurrentTestSuite gets overridden
+namespace doctest_detail_test_suite_ns
+{
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE doctest::detail::TestSuite& getCurrentTestSuite();
+} // namespace doctest_detail_test_suite_ns
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+namespace doctest
+{
+// A 24 byte string class (can be as small as 17 for x64 and 13 for x86) that can hold strings with length
+// of up to 23 chars on the stack before going on the heap - the last byte of the buffer is used for:
+// - "is small" bit - the highest bit - if "0" then it is small - otherwise its "1" (128)
+// - if small - capacity left before going on the heap - using the lowest 5 bits
+// - if small - 2 bits are left unused - the second and third highest ones
+// - if small - acts as a null terminator if strlen() is 23 (24 including the null terminator)
+//              and the "is small" bit remains "0" ("as well as the capacity left") so its OK
+// Idea taken from this lecture about the string implementation of facebook/folly - fbstring
+// https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPR8h4-qZdk
+// TODO:
+// - optimizations - like not deleting memory unnecessarily in operator= and etc.
+// - resize/reserve/clear
+// - substr
+// - replace
+// - back/front
+// - iterator stuff
+// - find & friends
+// - push_back/pop_back
+// - assign/insert/erase
+// - relational operators as free functions - taking const char* as one of the params
+class DOCTEST_INTERFACE String
+{
+    static const unsigned len  = 24;      //!OCLINT avoid private static members
+    static const unsigned last = len - 1; //!OCLINT avoid private static members
+
+    struct view // len should be more than sizeof(view) - because of the final byte for flags
+    {
+        char*    ptr;
+        unsigned size;
+        unsigned capacity;
+    };
+
+    union
+    {
+        char buf[len];
+        view data;
+    };
+
+    void copy(const String& other);
+
+    void setOnHeap() { *reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(&buf[last]) = 128; }
+    void setLast(unsigned in = last) { buf[last] = char(in); }
+
+public:
+    String() {
+        buf[0] = '\0';
+        setLast();
+    }
+
+    String(const char* in);
+
+    String(const String& other) { copy(other); }
+
+    ~String() {
+        if(!isOnStack())
+            delete[] data.ptr;
+    }
+
+    // GCC 4.9/5/6 report Wstrict-overflow when optimizations are ON and it got inlined in the vector class somewhere...
+    // see commit 574ef95f0cd379118be5011704664e4b5351f1e0 and build https://travis-ci.org/onqtam/doctest/builds/230671611
+    DOCTEST_NOINLINE String& operator=(const String& other) {
+        if(!isOnStack())
+            delete[] data.ptr;
+
+        copy(other);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+    String& operator+=(const String& other);
+
+    String operator+(const String& other) const { return String(*this) += other; }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+    String(String&& other);
+    String& operator=(String&& other);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+
+    bool isOnStack() const { return (buf[last] & 128) == 0; }
+
+    char operator[](unsigned i) const { return const_cast<String*>(this)->operator[](i); } // NOLINT
+    char& operator[](unsigned i) {
+        if(isOnStack())
+            return reinterpret_cast<char*>(buf)[i];
+        return data.ptr[i];
+    }
+
+    const char* c_str() const { return const_cast<String*>(this)->c_str(); } // NOLINT
+    char*       c_str() {
+        if(isOnStack())
+            return reinterpret_cast<char*>(buf);
+        return data.ptr;
+    }
+
+    unsigned size() const {
+        if(isOnStack())
+            return last - (unsigned(buf[last]) & 31); // using "last" would work only if "len" is 32
+        return data.size;
+    }
+
+    unsigned capacity() const {
+        if(isOnStack())
+            return len;
+        return data.capacity;
+    }
+
+    int compare(const char* other, bool no_case = false) const;
+    int compare(const String& other, bool no_case = false) const;
+};
+
+// clang-format off
+inline bool operator==(const String& lhs, const String& rhs) { return lhs.compare(rhs) == 0; }
+inline bool operator!=(const String& lhs, const String& rhs) { return lhs.compare(rhs) != 0; }
+inline bool operator< (const String& lhs, const String& rhs) { return lhs.compare(rhs) < 0; }
+inline bool operator> (const String& lhs, const String& rhs) { return lhs.compare(rhs) > 0; }
+inline bool operator<=(const String& lhs, const String& rhs) { return (lhs != rhs) ? lhs.compare(rhs) < 0 : true; }
+inline bool operator>=(const String& lhs, const String& rhs) { return (lhs != rhs) ? lhs.compare(rhs) > 0 : true; }
+// clang-format on
+
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const String& in);
+
+namespace detail
+{
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+    namespace static_assert_impl
+    {
+        template <bool>
+        struct StaticAssertion;
+
+        template <>
+        struct StaticAssertion<true>
+        {};
+
+        template <int i>
+        struct StaticAssertionTest
+        {};
+    }  // namespace static_assert_impl
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_STATIC_ASSERT
+
+    namespace traits
+    {
+        template <typename T>
+        struct remove_const
+        { typedef T type; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct remove_const<const T>
+        { typedef T type; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct remove_volatile
+        { typedef T type; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct remove_volatile<volatile T>
+        { typedef T type; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct remove_cv
+        { typedef typename remove_volatile<typename remove_const<T>::type>::type type; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct is_pointer_helper
+        { static const bool value = false; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct is_pointer_helper<T*>
+        // cppcheck-suppress unusedStructMember
+        { static const bool value = true; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct is_pointer
+        // cppcheck-suppress unusedStructMember
+        { static const bool value = is_pointer_helper<typename remove_cv<T>::type>::value; };
+
+        template <bool CONDITION, typename TYPE = void>
+        struct enable_if
+        {};
+
+        template <typename TYPE>
+        struct enable_if<true, TYPE>
+        { typedef TYPE type; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct remove_reference
+        { typedef T type; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct remove_reference<T&>
+        { typedef T type; };
+
+        template <typename T, typename AT_1 = void>
+        class is_constructible_impl
+        {
+        private:
+            template <typename C_T, typename C_AT_1>
+            static bool test(typename enable_if< //!OCLINT avoid private static members
+                             sizeof(C_T) ==
+                             sizeof(C_T(static_cast<C_AT_1>(
+                                     *static_cast<typename remove_reference<C_AT_1>::type*>(
+                                             0))))>::type*);
+
+            template <typename, typename>
+            static int test(...); //!OCLINT avoid private static members
+
+        public:
+            static const bool value = sizeof(test<T, AT_1>(0)) == sizeof(bool);
+        };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        class is_constructible_impl<T, void>
+        {
+        private:
+            template <typename C_T>
+            static C_T testFun(C_T); //!OCLINT avoid private static members
+
+            template <typename C_T>
+            static bool test(typename enable_if< //!OCLINT avoid private static members
+                             sizeof(C_T) == sizeof(testFun(C_T()))>::type*);
+
+            template <typename>
+            static int test(...); //!OCLINT avoid private static members
+
+        public:
+            static const bool value = sizeof(test<T>(0)) == sizeof(bool);
+        };
+
+// is_constructible<> taken from here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/40443701/3162383
+// for GCC/Clang gives the same results as std::is_constructible<> - see here: https://wandbox.org/permlink/bNWr7Ii2fuz4Vf7A
+// modifications:
+// - reworked to support only 1 argument (mainly because of MSVC...)
+// - removed pointer support
+// MSVC support:
+// - for versions before 2012 read the CAUTION comment below
+// currently intended for use only in the Approx() helper for strong typedefs of double - see issue #62
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+        template <typename T, typename AT_1 = void>
+        class is_constructible
+        {
+        public:
+            static const bool value = is_pointer<typename remove_reference<T>::type>::value ?
+                                              false :
+                                              is_constructible_impl<T, AT_1>::value;
+        };
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1700)
+        template <typename T, typename AT_1>
+        struct is_constructible
+        { static const bool value = __is_constructible(T, AT_1); };
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+        // !!! USE WITH CAUTION !!!
+        // will always return false - unable to implement this for versions of MSVC older than 2012 for now...
+        template <typename T, typename AT_1>
+        struct is_constructible
+        { static const bool value = false; };
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+    }  // namespace traits
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct deferred_false
+    // cppcheck-suppress unusedStructMember
+    { static const bool value = false; };
+
+    // to silence the warning "-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant" only for gcc 5 for the Approx template ctor - pragmas don't work for it...
+    inline void* getNull() { return 0; }
+
+    namespace has_insertion_operator_impl
+    {
+        typedef char no;
+        typedef char yes[2];
+
+        struct any_t
+        {
+            template <typename T>
+            // cppcheck-suppress noExplicitConstructor
+            any_t(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(T));
+        };
+
+        yes& testStreamable(std::ostream&);
+        no   testStreamable(no);
+
+        no operator<<(const std::ostream&, const any_t&);
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct has_insertion_operator
+        {
+            static std::ostream& s;
+            static const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(T) t;
+            static const bool value = sizeof(testStreamable(s << t)) == sizeof(yes);
+        };
+    } // namespace has_insertion_operator_impl
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct has_insertion_operator : has_insertion_operator_impl::has_insertion_operator<T>
+    {};
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void my_memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, unsigned num);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE unsigned my_strlen(const char* in);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE std::ostream* createStream();
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE String getStreamResult(std::ostream*);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void   freeStream(std::ostream*);
+
+    template <bool C>
+    struct StringMakerBase
+    {
+        template <typename T>
+        static String convert(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(T)) {
+            return "{?}";
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <>
+    struct StringMakerBase<true>
+    {
+        template <typename T>
+        static String convert(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(T) in) {
+            std::ostream* stream = createStream();
+            *stream << in;
+            String result = getStreamResult(stream);
+            freeStream(stream);
+            return result;
+        }
+    };
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE String rawMemoryToString(const void* object, unsigned size);
+
+    template <typename T>
+    String rawMemoryToString(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(T) object) {
+        return rawMemoryToString(&object, sizeof(object));
+    }
+
+    class NullType
+    {};
+
+    template <class T, class U>
+    struct Typelist
+    {
+        typedef T Head;
+        typedef U Tail;
+    };
+
+    // type of recursive function
+    template <class TList, class Callable>
+    struct ForEachType;
+
+    // Recursion rule
+    template <class Head, class Tail, class Callable>
+    struct ForEachType<Typelist<Head, Tail>, Callable> : public ForEachType<Tail, Callable>
+    {
+        enum
+        {
+            value = 1 + ForEachType<Tail, Callable>::value
+        };
+
+        explicit ForEachType(Callable& callable)
+                : ForEachType<Tail, Callable>(callable) {
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1900
+            callable.operator()<value, Head>();
+#else  // _MSC_VER
+            callable.template operator()<value, Head>();
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Recursion end
+    template <class Head, class Callable>
+    struct ForEachType<Typelist<Head, NullType>, Callable>
+    {
+    public:
+        enum
+        {
+            value = 0
+        };
+
+        explicit ForEachType(Callable& callable) {
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1900
+            callable.operator()<value, Head>();
+#else  // _MSC_VER
+            callable.template operator()<value, Head>();
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <typename T>
+    const char* type_to_string() {
+        return "<>";
+    }
+} // namespace detail
+
+template <typename T1 = detail::NullType, typename T2 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T3 = detail::NullType, typename T4 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T5 = detail::NullType, typename T6 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T7 = detail::NullType, typename T8 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T9 = detail::NullType, typename T10 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T11 = detail::NullType, typename T12 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T13 = detail::NullType, typename T14 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T15 = detail::NullType, typename T16 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T17 = detail::NullType, typename T18 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T19 = detail::NullType, typename T20 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T21 = detail::NullType, typename T22 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T23 = detail::NullType, typename T24 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T25 = detail::NullType, typename T26 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T27 = detail::NullType, typename T28 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T29 = detail::NullType, typename T30 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T31 = detail::NullType, typename T32 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T33 = detail::NullType, typename T34 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T35 = detail::NullType, typename T36 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T37 = detail::NullType, typename T38 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T39 = detail::NullType, typename T40 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T41 = detail::NullType, typename T42 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T43 = detail::NullType, typename T44 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T45 = detail::NullType, typename T46 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T47 = detail::NullType, typename T48 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T49 = detail::NullType, typename T50 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T51 = detail::NullType, typename T52 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T53 = detail::NullType, typename T54 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T55 = detail::NullType, typename T56 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T57 = detail::NullType, typename T58 = detail::NullType,
+          typename T59 = detail::NullType, typename T60 = detail::NullType>
+struct Types
+{
+private:
+    typedef typename Types<T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17,
+                           T18, T19, T20, T21, T22, T23, T24, T25, T26, T27, T28, T29, T30, T31,
+                           T32, T33, T34, T35, T36, T37, T38, T39, T40, T41, T42, T43, T44, T45,
+                           T46, T47, T48, T49, T50, T51, T52, T53, T54, T55, T56, T57, T58, T59,
+                           T60>::Result TailResult;
+
+public:
+    typedef detail::Typelist<T1, TailResult> Result;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct Types<>
+{ typedef detail::NullType Result; };
+
+template <typename T>
+struct StringMaker : detail::StringMakerBase<detail::has_insertion_operator<T>::value>
+{};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct StringMaker<T*>
+{
+    template <typename U>
+    static String convert(U* p) {
+        if(p)
+            return detail::rawMemoryToString(p);
+        return "NULL";
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename R, typename C>
+struct StringMaker<R C::*>
+{
+    static String convert(R C::*p) {
+        if(p)
+            return detail::rawMemoryToString(p);
+        return "NULL";
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+String toString(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(T) value) {
+    return StringMaker<T>::convert(value);
+}
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(char* in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(const char* in);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(bool in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(float in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(double in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(double long in);
+
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(char in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(char signed in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(char unsigned in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int short in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int short unsigned in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int unsigned in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int long in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int long unsigned in);
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int long long in);
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(int long long unsigned in);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE String toString(std::nullptr_t in);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+
+class DOCTEST_INTERFACE Approx
+{
+public:
+    explicit Approx(double value);
+
+    Approx operator()(double value) const {
+        Approx approx(value);
+        approx.epsilon(m_epsilon);
+        approx.scale(m_scale);
+        return approx;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    explicit Approx(const T& value,
+                    typename detail::traits::enable_if<
+                            detail::traits::is_constructible<double, T>::value>::type* =
+                            static_cast<T*>(detail::getNull())) {
+        *this = Approx(static_cast<double>(value));
+    }
+
+    // clang-format off
+    // overloads for double - the first one is necessary as it is in the implementation part of doctest
+    // as for the others - keeping them for potentially faster compile times
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE friend bool operator==(double lhs, Approx const& rhs);
+    friend bool operator==(Approx const& lhs, double rhs) { return operator==(rhs, lhs); }
+    friend bool operator!=(double lhs, Approx const& rhs) { return !operator==(lhs, rhs); }
+    friend bool operator!=(Approx const& lhs, double rhs) { return !operator==(rhs, lhs); }
+    friend bool operator<=(double lhs, Approx const& rhs) { return lhs < rhs.m_value || lhs == rhs; }
+    friend bool operator<=(Approx const& lhs, double rhs) { return lhs.m_value < rhs || lhs == rhs; }
+    friend bool operator>=(double lhs, Approx const& rhs) { return lhs > rhs.m_value || lhs == rhs; }
+    friend bool operator>=(Approx const& lhs, double rhs) { return lhs.m_value > rhs || lhs == rhs; }
+    friend bool operator< (double lhs, Approx const& rhs) { return lhs < rhs.m_value && lhs != rhs; }
+    friend bool operator< (Approx const& lhs, double rhs) { return lhs.m_value < rhs && lhs != rhs; }
+    friend bool operator> (double lhs, Approx const& rhs) { return lhs > rhs.m_value && lhs != rhs; }
+    friend bool operator> (Approx const& lhs, double rhs) { return lhs.m_value > rhs && lhs != rhs; }
+
+#define DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX \
+    template <typename T> friend typename detail::traits::enable_if<detail::traits::is_constructible<double, T>::value, bool>::type
+
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator==(const T& lhs, const Approx& rhs) { return operator==(double(lhs), rhs); }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator==(const Approx& lhs, const T& rhs) { return operator==(rhs, lhs); }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator!=(const T& lhs, const Approx& rhs) { return !operator==(lhs, rhs); }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator!=(const Approx& lhs, const T& rhs) { return !operator==(rhs, lhs); }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator<=(const T& lhs, const Approx& rhs) { return double(lhs) < rhs.m_value || lhs == rhs; }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator<=(const Approx& lhs, const T& rhs) { return lhs.m_value < double(rhs) || lhs == rhs; }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator>=(const T& lhs, const Approx& rhs) { return double(lhs) > rhs.m_value || lhs == rhs; }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator>=(const Approx& lhs, const T& rhs) { return lhs.m_value > double(rhs) || lhs == rhs; }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator< (const T& lhs, const Approx& rhs) { return double(lhs) < rhs.m_value && lhs != rhs; }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator< (const Approx& lhs, const T& rhs) { return lhs.m_value < double(rhs) && lhs != rhs; }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator> (const T& lhs, const Approx& rhs) { return double(lhs) > rhs.m_value && lhs != rhs; }
+    DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX operator> (const Approx& lhs, const T& rhs) { return lhs.m_value > double(rhs) && lhs != rhs; }
+#undef DOCTEST_APPROX_PREFIX
+    // clang-format on
+
+    Approx& epsilon(double newEpsilon) {
+        m_epsilon = (newEpsilon);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    typename detail::traits::enable_if<detail::traits::is_constructible<double, T>::value,
+                                       Approx&>::type
+    epsilon(const T& newEpsilon) {
+        m_epsilon = static_cast<double>(newEpsilon);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    Approx& scale(double newScale) {
+        m_scale = (newScale);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    typename detail::traits::enable_if<detail::traits::is_constructible<double, T>::value,
+                                       Approx&>::type
+    scale(const T& newScale) {
+        m_scale = static_cast<double>(newScale);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    String toString() const;
+
+private:
+    double m_epsilon;
+    double m_scale;
+    double m_value;
+};
+
+template <>
+inline String toString<Approx>(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(Approx) value) {
+    return value.toString();
+}
+
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE)
+
+namespace detail
+{
+    // the function type this library works with
+    typedef void (*funcType)();
+
+    namespace assertType
+    {
+        enum Enum
+        {
+            // macro traits
+
+            is_warn    = 1,
+            is_check   = 2,
+            is_require = 4,
+
+            is_throws    = 8,
+            is_throws_as = 16,
+            is_nothrow   = 32,
+
+            is_fast  = 64, // not checked anywhere - used just to distinguish the types
+            is_false = 128,
+            is_unary = 256,
+
+            is_eq = 512,
+            is_ne = 1024,
+
+            is_lt = 2048,
+            is_gt = 4096,
+
+            is_ge = 8192,
+            is_le = 16384,
+
+            // macro types
+
+            DT_WARN    = is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK   = is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE = is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_FALSE    = is_false | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_FALSE   = is_false | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_FALSE = is_false | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_THROWS    = is_throws | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_THROWS   = is_throws | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_THROWS = is_throws | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_THROWS_AS    = is_throws_as | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_THROWS_AS   = is_throws_as | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS = is_throws_as | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_NOTHROW    = is_nothrow | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_NOTHROW   = is_nothrow | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_NOTHROW = is_nothrow | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_EQ    = is_eq | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_EQ   = is_eq | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_EQ = is_eq | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_NE    = is_ne | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_NE   = is_ne | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_NE = is_ne | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_GT    = is_gt | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_GT   = is_gt | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_GT = is_gt | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_LT    = is_lt | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_LT   = is_lt | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_LT = is_lt | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_GE    = is_ge | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_GE   = is_ge | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_GE = is_ge | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_LE    = is_le | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_LE   = is_le | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_LE = is_le | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_UNARY    = is_unary | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_UNARY   = is_unary | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_UNARY = is_unary | is_require,
+
+            DT_WARN_UNARY_FALSE    = is_false | is_unary | is_warn,
+            DT_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE   = is_false | is_unary | is_check,
+            DT_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE = is_false | is_unary | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_EQ    = is_fast | is_eq | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_EQ   = is_fast | is_eq | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ = is_fast | is_eq | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_NE    = is_fast | is_ne | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_NE   = is_fast | is_ne | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_NE = is_fast | is_ne | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_GT    = is_fast | is_gt | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_GT   = is_fast | is_gt | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GT = is_fast | is_gt | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_LT    = is_fast | is_lt | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_LT   = is_fast | is_lt | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LT = is_fast | is_lt | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_GE    = is_fast | is_ge | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_GE   = is_fast | is_ge | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GE = is_fast | is_ge | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_LE    = is_fast | is_le | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_LE   = is_fast | is_le | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LE = is_fast | is_le | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY    = is_fast | is_unary | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY   = is_fast | is_unary | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY = is_fast | is_unary | is_require,
+
+            DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE    = is_fast | is_false | is_unary | is_warn,
+            DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE   = is_fast | is_false | is_unary | is_check,
+            DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE = is_fast | is_false | is_unary | is_require
+        };
+    } // namespace assertType
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE const char* getAssertString(assertType::Enum val);
+
+    // clang-format off
+    template<class T>               struct decay_array       { typedef T type; };
+    template<class T, unsigned N>   struct decay_array<T[N]> { typedef T* type; };
+    template<class T>               struct decay_array<T[]>  { typedef T* type; };
+
+    template<class T>   struct not_char_pointer              { enum { value = 1 }; };
+    template<>          struct not_char_pointer<char*>       { enum { value = 0 }; };
+    template<>          struct not_char_pointer<const char*> { enum { value = 0 }; };
+
+    template<class T> struct can_use_op : not_char_pointer<typename decay_array<T>::type> {};
+    // clang-format on
+
+    struct TestFailureException
+    {};
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE bool checkIfShouldThrow(assertType::Enum assert_type);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void fastAssertThrowIfFlagSet(int flags);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void throwException();
+
+    struct TestAccessibleContextState
+    {
+        bool no_throw; // to skip exceptions-related assertion macros
+        bool success;  // include successful assertions in output
+    };
+
+    struct ContextState;
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE TestAccessibleContextState* getTestsContextState();
+
+    struct DOCTEST_INTERFACE SubcaseSignature
+    {
+        const char* m_name;
+        const char* m_file;
+        int         m_line;
+
+        SubcaseSignature(const char* name, const char* file, int line)
+                : m_name(name)
+                , m_file(file)
+                , m_line(line) {}
+
+        bool operator<(const SubcaseSignature& other) const;
+    };
+
+    // cppcheck-suppress copyCtorAndEqOperator
+    struct DOCTEST_INTERFACE Subcase
+    {
+        SubcaseSignature m_signature;
+        bool             m_entered;
+
+        Subcase(const char* name, const char* file, int line);
+        Subcase(const Subcase& other);
+        ~Subcase();
+
+        operator bool() const { return m_entered; }
+    };
+
+    template <typename L, typename R>
+    String stringifyBinaryExpr(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const char* op,
+                               const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) {
+        return toString(lhs) + op + toString(rhs);
+    }
+
+    struct DOCTEST_INTERFACE Result
+    {
+        bool   m_passed;
+        String m_decomposition;
+
+        ~Result();
+
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE Result(bool passed = false, const String& decomposition = String())
+                : m_passed(passed)
+                , m_decomposition(decomposition) {}
+
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE Result(const Result& other)
+                : m_passed(other.m_passed)
+                , m_decomposition(other.m_decomposition) {}
+
+        Result& operator=(const Result& other);
+
+        operator bool() { return !m_passed; }
+
+        // clang-format off
+        // forbidding some expressions based on this table: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/operator_precedence
+        template <typename R> Result& operator&  (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator^  (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator|  (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator&& (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator|| (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator== (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator!= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator<  (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator>  (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator<= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator>= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator=  (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator+= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator-= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator*= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator/= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator%= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator<<=(const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator>>=(const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator&= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator^= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        template <typename R> Result& operator|= (const R&) { DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value, Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison); return *this; }
+        // clang-format on
+    };
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_COMPARISON_WARNING_SUPPRESSION
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-compare"
+//#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdouble-promotion"
+//#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+//#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-compare"
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 5)
+//#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdouble-promotion"
+#endif // > gcc 4.5
+//#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+//#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/39479163 what's the difference between C4018 and C4389
+#pragma warning(disable : 4389) // 'operator' : signed/unsigned mismatch
+#pragma warning(disable : 4018) // 'expression' : signed/unsigned mismatch
+//#pragma warning(disable : 4805) // 'operation' : unsafe mix of type 'type' and type 'type' in operation
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_COMPARISON_WARNING_SUPPRESSION
+
+// clang-format off
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+#define DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE bool
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+#define DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE typename traits::enable_if<can_use_op<L>::value || can_use_op<R>::value, bool>::type
+    inline bool eq(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) { return String(lhs) == String(rhs); }
+    inline bool ne(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) { return String(lhs) != String(rhs); }
+    inline bool lt(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) { return String(lhs) <  String(rhs); }
+    inline bool gt(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) { return String(lhs) >  String(rhs); }
+    inline bool le(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) { return String(lhs) <= String(rhs); }
+    inline bool ge(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) { return String(lhs) >= String(rhs); }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+
+    template <typename L, typename R> DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE eq(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) { return lhs == rhs; }
+    template <typename L, typename R> DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE ne(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) { return lhs != rhs; }
+    template <typename L, typename R> DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE lt(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) { return lhs <  rhs; }
+    template <typename L, typename R> DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE gt(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) { return lhs >  rhs; }
+    template <typename L, typename R> DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE le(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) { return lhs <= rhs; }
+    template <typename L, typename R> DOCTEST_COMPARISON_RETURN_TYPE ge(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) { return lhs >= rhs; }
+// clang-format on
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_EQ(l, r) l == r
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_NE(l, r) l != r
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_GT(l, r) l > r
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_LT(l, r) l < r
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_GE(l, r) l >= r
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_LE(l, r) l <= r
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_EQ(l, r) eq(l, r)
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_NE(l, r) ne(l, r)
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_GT(l, r) gt(l, r)
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_LT(l, r) lt(l, r)
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_GE(l, r) ge(l, r)
+#define DOCTEST_CMP_LE(l, r) le(l, r)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+
+#define DOCTEST_DO_BINARY_EXPRESSION_COMPARISON(op, op_str, op_macro)                              \
+    template <typename R>                                                                          \
+    DOCTEST_NOINLINE Result operator op(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) {                           \
+        bool res = op_macro(lhs, rhs);                                                             \
+        if(m_assert_type & assertType::is_false)                                                   \
+            res = !res;                                                                            \
+        if(!res || doctest::detail::getTestsContextState()->success)                               \
+            return Result(res, stringifyBinaryExpr(lhs, op_str, rhs));                             \
+        return Result(res);                                                                        \
+    }
+
+#define DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(op)                                                              \
+    template <typename R>                                                                          \
+    Expression_lhs& operator op(const R&) {                                                        \
+        DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(deferred_false<R>::value,                                            \
+                              Expression_Too_Complex_Please_Rewrite_As_Binary_Comparison);         \
+        return *this;                                                                              \
+    }
+
+    template <typename L>
+    // cppcheck-suppress copyCtorAndEqOperator
+    struct Expression_lhs
+    {
+        L                lhs;
+        assertType::Enum m_assert_type;
+
+        explicit Expression_lhs(L in, assertType::Enum assert_type)
+                : lhs(in)
+                , m_assert_type(assert_type) {}
+
+        Expression_lhs(const Expression_lhs& other)
+                : lhs(other.lhs) {}
+
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE operator Result() {
+            bool res = !!lhs;
+            if(m_assert_type & assertType::is_false) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+                res = !res;
+
+            if(!res || getTestsContextState()->success)
+                return Result(res, toString(lhs));
+            return Result(res);
+        }
+
+        // clang-format off
+        DOCTEST_DO_BINARY_EXPRESSION_COMPARISON(==, " == ", DOCTEST_CMP_EQ) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+        DOCTEST_DO_BINARY_EXPRESSION_COMPARISON(!=, " != ", DOCTEST_CMP_NE) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+        DOCTEST_DO_BINARY_EXPRESSION_COMPARISON(>, " >  ", DOCTEST_CMP_GT) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+        DOCTEST_DO_BINARY_EXPRESSION_COMPARISON(<, " <  ", DOCTEST_CMP_LT) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+        DOCTEST_DO_BINARY_EXPRESSION_COMPARISON(>=, " >= ", DOCTEST_CMP_GE) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+        DOCTEST_DO_BINARY_EXPRESSION_COMPARISON(<=, " <= ", DOCTEST_CMP_LE) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+        // clang-format on
+
+        // forbidding some expressions based on this table: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/operator_precedence
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(&)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION (^)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(|)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(&&)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(||)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(+=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(-=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(*=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(/=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(%=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(<<=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(>>=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(&=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(^=)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(|=)
+        // these 2 are unfortunate because they should be allowed - they have higher precedence over the comparisons, but the
+        // ExpressionDecomposer class uses the left shift operator to capture the left operand of the binary expression...
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(<<)
+        DOCTEST_FORBIT_EXPRESSION(>>)
+    };
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_COMPARISON_WARNING_SUPPRESSION
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_COMPARISON_WARNING_SUPPRESSION
+
+    struct ExpressionDecomposer
+    {
+        assertType::Enum m_assert_type;
+
+        ExpressionDecomposer(assertType::Enum assert_type)
+                : m_assert_type(assert_type) {}
+
+        // The right operator for capturing expressions is "<=" instead of "<<" (based on the operator precedence table)
+        // but then there will be warnings from GCC about "-Wparentheses" and since "_Pragma()" is problematic this will stay for now...
+        // https://github.com/philsquared/Catch/issues/870
+        // https://github.com/philsquared/Catch/issues/565
+        template <typename L>
+        Expression_lhs<const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L)> operator<<(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) operand) {
+            return Expression_lhs<const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L)>(operand, m_assert_type);
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct DOCTEST_INTERFACE TestCase
+    {
+        // not used for determining uniqueness
+        funcType m_test;    // a function pointer to the test case
+        String m_full_name; // contains the name (only for templated test cases!) + the template type
+        const char* m_name;       // name of the test case
+        const char* m_type;       // for templated test cases - gets appended to the real name
+        const char* m_test_suite; // the test suite in which the test was added
+        const char* m_description;
+        bool        m_skip;
+        bool        m_may_fail;
+        bool        m_should_fail;
+        int         m_expected_failures;
+        double      m_timeout;
+
+        // fields by which uniqueness of test cases shall be determined
+        const char* m_file; // the file in which the test was registered
+        unsigned    m_line; // the line where the test was registered
+        int m_template_id; // an ID used to distinguish between the different versions of a templated test case
+
+        TestCase(funcType test, const char* file, unsigned line, const TestSuite& test_suite,
+                 const char* type = "", int template_id = -1);
+
+        // for gcc 4.7
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE ~TestCase() {}
+
+        TestCase& operator*(const char* in);
+
+        template <typename T>
+        TestCase& operator*(const T& in) {
+            in.fill(*this);
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        TestCase(const TestCase& other) { *this = other; }
+
+        TestCase& operator=(const TestCase& other);
+
+        bool operator<(const TestCase& other) const;
+    };
+
+    // forward declarations of functions used by the macros
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE int regTest(const TestCase& tc);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE int setTestSuite(const TestSuite& ts);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void addFailedAssert(assertType::Enum assert_type);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void logTestStart(const TestCase& tc);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void logTestEnd();
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void logTestException(const String& what, bool crash = false);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void logAssert(bool passed, const char* decomposition, bool threw,
+                                     const String& exception, const char* expr,
+                                     assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file, int line);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void logAssertThrows(bool threw, const char* expr,
+                                           assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file,
+                                           int line);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void logAssertThrowsAs(bool threw, bool threw_as, const char* as,
+                                             const String& exception, const char* expr,
+                                             assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file,
+                                             int line);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void logAssertNothrow(bool threw, const String& exception, const char* expr,
+                                            assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file,
+                                            int line);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE bool isDebuggerActive();
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void writeToDebugConsole(const String&);
+
+    namespace binaryAssertComparison
+    {
+        enum Enum
+        {
+            eq = 0,
+            ne,
+            gt,
+            lt,
+            ge,
+            le
+        };
+    } // namespace binaryAssertComparison
+
+    // clang-format off
+    template <int, class L, class R> struct RelationalComparator     { bool operator()(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L),     const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R)    ) const { return false;        } };
+    template <class L, class R> struct RelationalComparator<0, L, R> { bool operator()(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) const { return eq(lhs, rhs); } };
+    template <class L, class R> struct RelationalComparator<1, L, R> { bool operator()(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) const { return ne(lhs, rhs); } };
+    template <class L, class R> struct RelationalComparator<2, L, R> { bool operator()(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) const { return gt(lhs, rhs); } };
+    template <class L, class R> struct RelationalComparator<3, L, R> { bool operator()(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) const { return lt(lhs, rhs); } };
+    template <class L, class R> struct RelationalComparator<4, L, R> { bool operator()(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) const { return ge(lhs, rhs); } };
+    template <class L, class R> struct RelationalComparator<5, L, R> { bool operator()(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) const { return le(lhs, rhs); } };
+    // clang-format on
+
+    struct DOCTEST_INTERFACE ResultBuilder
+    {
+        assertType::Enum m_assert_type;
+        const char*      m_file;
+        int              m_line;
+        const char*      m_expr;
+        const char*      m_exception_type;
+
+        Result m_result;
+        bool   m_threw;
+        bool   m_threw_as;
+        bool   m_failed;
+        String m_exception;
+
+        ResultBuilder(assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file, int line, const char* expr,
+                      const char* exception_type = "");
+
+        ~ResultBuilder();
+
+        void setResult(const Result& res) { m_result = res; }
+
+        template <int         comparison, typename L, typename R>
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE void binary_assert(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs,
+                                            const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) {
+            m_result.m_passed = RelationalComparator<comparison, L, R>()(lhs, rhs);
+            if(!m_result.m_passed || getTestsContextState()->success)
+                m_result.m_decomposition = stringifyBinaryExpr(lhs, ", ", rhs);
+        }
+
+        template <typename L>
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE void unary_assert(const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) val) {
+            m_result.m_passed = !!val;
+
+            if(m_assert_type & assertType::is_false) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+                m_result.m_passed = !m_result.m_passed;
+
+            if(!m_result.m_passed || getTestsContextState()->success)
+                m_result.m_decomposition = toString(val);
+        }
+
+        void unexpectedExceptionOccurred();
+
+        bool log();
+        void react() const;
+    };
+
+    namespace assertAction
+    {
+        enum Enum
+        {
+            nothing     = 0,
+            dbgbreak    = 1,
+            shouldthrow = 2
+        };
+    } // namespace assertAction
+
+    template <int        comparison, typename L, typename R>
+    DOCTEST_NOINLINE int fast_binary_assert(assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file,
+                                            int line, const char* expr,
+                                            const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) lhs,
+                                            const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(R) rhs) {
+        ResultBuilder rb(assert_type, file, line, expr);
+
+        rb.m_result.m_passed = RelationalComparator<comparison, L, R>()(lhs, rhs);
+
+        if(!rb.m_result.m_passed || getTestsContextState()->success)
+            rb.m_result.m_decomposition = stringifyBinaryExpr(lhs, ", ", rhs);
+
+        int res = 0;
+
+        if(rb.log())
+            res |= assertAction::dbgbreak;
+
+        if(rb.m_failed && checkIfShouldThrow(assert_type))
+            res |= assertAction::shouldthrow;
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS
+        // #########################################################################################
+        // IF THE DEBUGGER BREAKS HERE - GO 1 LEVEL UP IN THE CALLSTACK TO SEE THE FAILING ASSERTION
+        // THIS IS THE EFFECT OF HAVING 'DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS' DEFINED
+        // #########################################################################################
+        if(res & assertAction::dbgbreak)
+            DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();
+        fastAssertThrowIfFlagSet(res);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS
+
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    template <typename L>
+    DOCTEST_NOINLINE int fast_unary_assert(assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file, int line,
+                                           const char* val_str, const DOCTEST_REF_WRAP(L) val) {
+        ResultBuilder rb(assert_type, file, line, val_str);
+
+        rb.m_result.m_passed = !!val;
+
+        if(assert_type & assertType::is_false) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            rb.m_result.m_passed = !rb.m_result.m_passed;
+
+        if(!rb.m_result.m_passed || getTestsContextState()->success)
+            rb.m_result.m_decomposition = toString(val);
+
+        int res = 0;
+
+        if(rb.log())
+            res |= assertAction::dbgbreak;
+
+        if(rb.m_failed && checkIfShouldThrow(assert_type))
+            res |= assertAction::shouldthrow;
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS
+        // #########################################################################################
+        // IF THE DEBUGGER BREAKS HERE - GO 1 LEVEL UP IN THE CALLSTACK TO SEE THE FAILING ASSERTION
+        // THIS IS THE EFFECT OF HAVING 'DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS' DEFINED
+        // #########################################################################################
+        if(res & assertAction::dbgbreak)
+            DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();
+        fastAssertThrowIfFlagSet(res);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS
+
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    struct DOCTEST_INTERFACE IExceptionTranslator //!OCLINT destructor of virtual class
+    {
+        virtual ~IExceptionTranslator();
+        virtual bool translate(String&) const = 0;
+    };
+
+    template <typename T>
+    class ExceptionTranslator : public IExceptionTranslator //!OCLINT destructor of virtual class
+    {
+    public:
+        explicit ExceptionTranslator(String (*translateFunction)(T))
+                : m_translateFunction(translateFunction) {}
+
+        bool translate(String& res) const {
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+            try {
+                throw;
+                // cppcheck-suppress catchExceptionByValue
+            } catch(T ex) {                    // NOLINT
+                res = m_translateFunction(ex); //!OCLINT parameter reassignment
+                return true;
+            } catch(...) {} //!OCLINT -  empty catch statement
+#endif                      // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+            ((void)res);    // to silence -Wunused-parameter
+            return false;
+        }
+
+    protected:
+        String (*m_translateFunction)(T);
+    };
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void registerExceptionTranslatorImpl(
+            const IExceptionTranslator* translateFunction);
+
+    // FIX FOR VISUAL STUDIO VERSIONS PRIOR TO 2015 - they failed to compile the call to operator<< with
+    // std::ostream passed as a reference noting that there is a use of an undefined type (which there isn't)
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void writeStringToStream(std::ostream* stream, const String& str);
+
+    template <bool C>
+    struct StringStreamBase
+    {
+        template <typename T>
+        static void convert(std::ostream* stream, const T& in) {
+            writeStringToStream(stream, toString(in));
+        }
+
+        // always treat char* as a string in this context - no matter
+        // if DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING is defined
+        static void convert(std::ostream* stream, const char* in) {
+            writeStringToStream(stream, String(in));
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <>
+    struct StringStreamBase<true>
+    {
+        template <typename T>
+        static void convert(std::ostream* stream, const T& in) {
+            *stream << in;
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct StringStream : StringStreamBase<has_insertion_operator<T>::value>
+    {};
+
+    template <typename T>
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, const T& value) {
+        StringStream<T>::convert(stream, value);
+    }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char* in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, const char* in);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, bool in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, float in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, double in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, double long in);
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char signed in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char unsigned in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int short in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int short unsigned in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int unsigned in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long unsigned in);
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long long in);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long long unsigned in);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+
+    struct IContextScope //!OCLINT destructor of virtual class
+    { virtual void build(std::ostream*) = 0; };
+
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void addToContexts(IContextScope* ptr);
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void popFromContexts();
+    DOCTEST_INTERFACE void useContextIfExceptionOccurred(IContextScope* ptr);
+
+    // cppcheck-suppress copyCtorAndEqOperator
+    class ContextBuilder
+    {
+        friend class ContextScope;
+
+        struct ICapture //!OCLINT destructor of virtual class
+        { virtual void toStream(std::ostream*) const = 0; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct Capture : ICapture //!OCLINT destructor of virtual class
+        {
+            const T* capture;
+
+            explicit Capture(const T* in)
+                    : capture(in) {}
+            virtual void toStream(std::ostream* stream) const { // override
+                doctest::detail::toStream(stream, *capture);
+            }
+        };
+
+        struct Chunk
+        {
+            char buf[sizeof(Capture<char>)]; // place to construct a Capture<T>
+        };
+
+        struct Node
+        {
+            Chunk chunk;
+            Node* next;
+        };
+
+        Chunk stackChunks[DOCTEST_CONFIG_NUM_CAPTURES_ON_STACK];
+        int   numCaptures;
+        Node* head;
+        Node* tail;
+
+        void build(std::ostream* stream) const {
+            int curr = 0;
+            // iterate over small buffer
+            while(curr < numCaptures && curr < DOCTEST_CONFIG_NUM_CAPTURES_ON_STACK)
+                reinterpret_cast<const ICapture*>(stackChunks[curr++].buf)->toStream(stream);
+            // iterate over list
+            Node* curr_elem = head;
+            while(curr < numCaptures) {
+                reinterpret_cast<const ICapture*>(curr_elem->chunk.buf)->toStream(stream);
+                curr_elem = curr_elem->next;
+                ++curr;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // steal the contents of the other - acting as a move constructor...
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE ContextBuilder(ContextBuilder& other)
+                : numCaptures(other.numCaptures)
+                , head(other.head)
+                , tail(other.tail) {
+            other.numCaptures = 0;
+            other.head        = 0;
+            other.tail        = 0;
+            my_memcpy(stackChunks, other.stackChunks,
+                      unsigned(int(sizeof(Chunk)) * DOCTEST_CONFIG_NUM_CAPTURES_ON_STACK));
+        }
+
+    public:
+        // cppcheck-suppress uninitMemberVar
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE ContextBuilder() // NOLINT
+                : numCaptures(0)
+                , head(0)
+                , tail(0) {}
+
+        template <typename T>
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE ContextBuilder& operator<<(T& in) {
+            Capture<T> temp(&in);
+
+            // construct either on stack or on heap
+            // copy the bytes for the whole object - including the vtable because we cant construct
+            // the object directly in the buffer using placement new - need the <new> header...
+            if(numCaptures < DOCTEST_CONFIG_NUM_CAPTURES_ON_STACK) {
+                my_memcpy(stackChunks[numCaptures].buf, &temp, sizeof(Chunk));
+            } else {
+                Node* curr = new Node;
+                curr->next = 0;
+                if(tail) {
+                    tail->next = curr;
+                    tail       = curr;
+                } else {
+                    head = tail = curr;
+                }
+
+                my_memcpy(tail->chunk.buf, &temp, sizeof(Chunk));
+            }
+            ++numCaptures;
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE ~ContextBuilder() {
+            // free the linked list - the ones on the stack are left as-is
+            // no destructors are called at all - there is no need
+            while(head) {
+                Node* next = head->next;
+                delete head;
+                head = next;
+            }
+        }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+        template <typename T>
+        ContextBuilder& operator<<(const T&&) {
+            DOCTEST_STATIC_ASSERT(
+                    deferred_false<T>::value,
+                    Cannot_pass_temporaries_or_rvalues_to_the_streaming_operator_because_it_caches_pointers_to_the_passed_objects_for_lazy_evaluation);
+            return *this;
+        }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+    };
+
+    class ContextScope : public IContextScope //!OCLINT destructor of virtual class
+    {
+        ContextBuilder contextBuilder;
+        bool           built;
+
+    public:
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE explicit ContextScope(ContextBuilder& temp)
+                : contextBuilder(temp)
+                , built(false) {
+            addToContexts(this);
+        }
+
+        DOCTEST_NOINLINE ~ContextScope() {
+            if(!built)
+                useContextIfExceptionOccurred(this);
+            popFromContexts();
+        }
+
+        void build(std::ostream* stream) {
+            built = true;
+            contextBuilder.build(stream);
+        }
+    };
+
+    class DOCTEST_INTERFACE MessageBuilder
+    {
+        std::ostream*                     m_stream;
+        const char*                       m_file;
+        int                               m_line;
+        doctest::detail::assertType::Enum m_severity;
+
+    public:
+        MessageBuilder(const char* file, int line, doctest::detail::assertType::Enum severity);
+        ~MessageBuilder();
+
+        template <typename T>
+        MessageBuilder& operator<<(const T& in) {
+            doctest::detail::toStream(m_stream, in);
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        bool log();
+        void react();
+    };
+} // namespace detail
+
+struct test_suite
+{
+    const char* data;
+    test_suite(const char* in)
+            : data(in) {}
+    void fill(detail::TestCase& state) const { state.m_test_suite = data; }
+    void fill(detail::TestSuite& state) const { state.m_test_suite = data; }
+};
+
+struct description
+{
+    const char* data;
+    description(const char* in)
+            : data(in) {}
+    void fill(detail::TestCase& state) const { state.m_description = data; }
+    void fill(detail::TestSuite& state) const { state.m_description = data; }
+};
+
+struct skip
+{
+    bool data;
+    skip(bool in = true)
+            : data(in) {}
+    void fill(detail::TestCase& state) const { state.m_skip = data; }
+    void fill(detail::TestSuite& state) const { state.m_skip = data; }
+};
+
+struct timeout
+{
+    double data;
+    timeout(double in)
+            : data(in) {}
+    void fill(detail::TestCase& state) const { state.m_timeout = data; }
+    void fill(detail::TestSuite& state) const { state.m_timeout = data; }
+};
+
+struct may_fail
+{
+    bool data;
+    may_fail(bool in = true)
+            : data(in) {}
+    void fill(detail::TestCase& state) const { state.m_may_fail = data; }
+    void fill(detail::TestSuite& state) const { state.m_may_fail = data; }
+};
+
+struct should_fail
+{
+    bool data;
+    should_fail(bool in = true)
+            : data(in) {}
+    void fill(detail::TestCase& state) const { state.m_should_fail = data; }
+    void fill(detail::TestSuite& state) const { state.m_should_fail = data; }
+};
+
+struct expected_failures
+{
+    int data;
+    expected_failures(int in)
+            : data(in) {}
+    void fill(detail::TestCase& state) const { state.m_expected_failures = data; }
+    void fill(detail::TestSuite& state) const { state.m_expected_failures = data; }
+};
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+template <typename T>
+int registerExceptionTranslator(String (*translateFunction)(T)) {
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
+#endif // __clang__
+    static detail::ExceptionTranslator<T> exceptionTranslator(translateFunction);
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif // __clang__
+    detail::registerExceptionTranslatorImpl(&exceptionTranslator);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#else  // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+template <typename T>
+int registerExceptionTranslator(String (*)(T)) {
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+DOCTEST_INTERFACE bool isRunningInTest();
+
+// cppcheck-suppress noCopyConstructor
+class DOCTEST_INTERFACE Context
+{
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE)
+    detail::ContextState* p;
+
+    void parseArgs(int argc, const char* const* argv, bool withDefaults = false);
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+public:
+    explicit Context(int argc = 0, const char* const* argv = 0);
+
+    ~Context();
+
+    void applyCommandLine(int argc, const char* const* argv);
+
+    void addFilter(const char* filter, const char* value);
+    void clearFilters();
+    void setOption(const char* option, int value);
+    void setOption(const char* option, const char* value);
+
+    bool shouldExit();
+
+    int run();
+};
+
+} // namespace doctest
+
+// if registering is not disabled
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE)
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_EXPAND_VA_ARGS(...) __VA_ARGS__
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_EXPAND_VA_ARGS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_STRIP_PARENS(x) x
+#define DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr) DOCTEST_STRIP_PARENS(DOCTEST_EXPAND_VA_ARGS expr)
+
+// registers the test by initializing a dummy var with a function
+#define DOCTEST_REGISTER_FUNCTION(f, decorators)                                                   \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_VAR_)) = doctest::detail::regTest(  \
+            doctest::detail::TestCase(f, __FILE__, __LINE__,                                       \
+                                      doctest_detail_test_suite_ns::getCurrentTestSuite()) *       \
+            decorators);                                                                           \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END()
+
+#define DOCTEST_IMPLEMENT_FIXTURE(der, base, func, decorators)                                     \
+    namespace                                                                                      \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        struct der : base                                                                          \
+        { void f(); };                                                                             \
+        static void func() {                                                                       \
+            der v;                                                                                 \
+            v.f();                                                                                 \
+        }                                                                                          \
+        DOCTEST_REGISTER_FUNCTION(func, decorators)                                                \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    inline DOCTEST_NOINLINE void der::f()
+
+#define DOCTEST_CREATE_AND_REGISTER_FUNCTION(f, decorators)                                        \
+    static void f();                                                                               \
+    DOCTEST_REGISTER_FUNCTION(f, decorators)                                                       \
+    static void f()
+
+// for registering tests
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE(decorators)                                                              \
+    DOCTEST_CREATE_AND_REGISTER_FUNCTION(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FUNC_), decorators)
+
+// for registering tests with a fixture
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(c, decorators)                                                   \
+    DOCTEST_IMPLEMENT_FIXTURE(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_CLASS_), c,                          \
+                              DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FUNC_), decorators)
+
+// for converting types to strings without the <typeinfo> header and demangling
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(...)                                                           \
+    template <>                                                                                    \
+    inline const char* type_to_string<__VA_ARGS__>() {                                             \
+        return "<" #__VA_ARGS__ ">";                                                               \
+    }
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING(...)                                                                \
+    namespace doctest                                                                              \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        namespace detail                                                                           \
+        { DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(__VA_ARGS__) }                                               \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(x)                                                             \
+    template <>                                                                                    \
+    inline const char* type_to_string<x>() {                                                       \
+        return "<" #x ">";                                                                         \
+    }
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING(x)                                                                  \
+    namespace doctest                                                                              \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        namespace detail                                                                           \
+        { DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(x) }                                                         \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+// for typed tests
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_IMPL(decorators, T, types, anon)                                \
+    template <typename T>                                                                          \
+    inline void anon();                                                                            \
+    struct DOCTEST_CAT(anon, FUNCTOR)                                                              \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        template <int Index, typename Type>                                                        \
+        void          operator()() {                                                               \
+            doctest::detail::regTest(                                                              \
+                    doctest::detail::TestCase(anon<Type>, __FILE__, __LINE__,                      \
+                                              doctest_detail_test_suite_ns::getCurrentTestSuite(), \
+                                              doctest::detail::type_to_string<Type>(), Index) *    \
+                    decorators);                                                                   \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    };                                                                                             \
+    inline int DOCTEST_CAT(anon, REG_FUNC)() {                                                     \
+        DOCTEST_CAT(anon, FUNCTOR) registrar;                                                      \
+        doctest::detail::ForEachType<DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(types)::Result,                 \
+                                     DOCTEST_CAT(anon, FUNCTOR)>                                   \
+                doIt(registrar);                                                                   \
+        return 0;                                                                                  \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(DOCTEST_CAT(anon, DUMMY)) = DOCTEST_CAT(anon, REG_FUNC)();          \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END()                                                               \
+    template <typename T>                                                                          \
+    inline void anon()
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(decorators, T, ...)                                             \
+    DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_IMPL(decorators, T, (__VA_ARGS__),                                  \
+                                    DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TMP_))
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(decorators, T, types)                                           \
+    DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_IMPL(decorators, T, types, DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TMP_))
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_DEFINE_IMPL(decorators, T, id, anon)                            \
+    template <typename T>                                                                          \
+    inline void anon();                                                                            \
+    struct DOCTEST_CAT(id, _FUNCTOR)                                                               \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        int m_line;                                                                                \
+        DOCTEST_CAT(id, _FUNCTOR)                                                                  \
+        (int line)                                                                                 \
+                : m_line(line) {}                                                                  \
+        template <int Index, typename Type>                                                        \
+        void          operator()() {                                                               \
+            doctest::detail::regTest(                                                              \
+                    doctest::detail::TestCase(anon<Type>, __FILE__, __LINE__,                      \
+                                              doctest_detail_test_suite_ns::getCurrentTestSuite(), \
+                                              doctest::detail::type_to_string<Type>(),             \
+                                              m_line * 1000 + Index) *                             \
+                    decorators);                                                                   \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    };                                                                                             \
+    template <typename T>                                                                          \
+    inline void anon()
+
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_DEFINE(decorators, T, id)                                       \
+    DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_DEFINE_IMPL(decorators, T, id, DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TMP_))
+
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE_IMPL(id, types, anon)                               \
+    static int DOCTEST_CAT(anon, REG_FUNC)() {                                                     \
+        DOCTEST_CAT(id, _FUNCTOR) registrar(__LINE__);                                             \
+        doctest::detail::ForEachType<DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(types)::Result,                 \
+                                     DOCTEST_CAT(id, _FUNCTOR)>                                    \
+                doIt(registrar);                                                                   \
+        return 0;                                                                                  \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(DOCTEST_CAT(anon, DUMMY)) = DOCTEST_CAT(anon, REG_FUNC)();          \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END() typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE(id, ...)                                            \
+    DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE_IMPL(id, (__VA_ARGS__),                                 \
+                                                DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TMP_))
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE(id, types)                                          \
+    DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE_IMPL(id, types, DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TMP_))
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+// for subcases
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define DOCTEST_SUBCASE(name)                                                                      \
+    if(const doctest::detail::Subcase & DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_SUBCASE_)                  \
+                                                __attribute__((unused)) =                          \
+               doctest::detail::Subcase(name, __FILE__, __LINE__))
+#else // __GNUC__
+#define DOCTEST_SUBCASE(name)                                                                      \
+    if(const doctest::detail::Subcase & DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_SUBCASE_) =                \
+               doctest::detail::Subcase(name, __FILE__, __LINE__))
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+// for grouping tests in test suites by using code blocks
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_IMPL(decorators, ns_name)                                               \
+    namespace ns_name                                                                              \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        namespace doctest_detail_test_suite_ns                                                     \
+        {                                                                                          \
+            inline DOCTEST_NOINLINE doctest::detail::TestSuite& getCurrentTestSuite() {            \
+                static doctest::detail::TestSuite data;                                            \
+                static bool                       inited = false;                                  \
+                if(!inited) {                                                                      \
+                    data* decorators;                                                              \
+                    inited = true;                                                                 \
+                }                                                                                  \
+                return data;                                                                       \
+            }                                                                                      \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    namespace ns_name
+
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE(decorators)                                                             \
+    DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_IMPL(decorators, DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_SUITE_))
+
+// for starting a testsuite block
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_BEGIN(decorators)                                                       \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_VAR_)) =                            \
+            doctest::detail::setTestSuite(doctest::detail::TestSuite() * decorators);              \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END()                                                               \
+    typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+
+// for ending a testsuite block
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_END                                                                     \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_VAR_)) =                            \
+            doctest::detail::setTestSuite(doctest::detail::TestSuite() * "");                      \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END()                                                               \
+    typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+
+// for registering exception translators
+#define DOCTEST_REGISTER_EXCEPTION_TRANSLATOR_IMPL(translatorName, signature)                      \
+    static doctest::String translatorName(signature);                                              \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TRANSLATOR_)) =                     \
+            doctest::registerExceptionTranslator(translatorName);                                  \
+    DOCTEST_GLOBAL_NO_WARNINGS_END()                                                               \
+    static doctest::String translatorName(signature)
+
+#define DOCTEST_REGISTER_EXCEPTION_TRANSLATOR(signature)                                           \
+    DOCTEST_REGISTER_EXCEPTION_TRANSLATOR_IMPL(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TRANSLATOR_),       \
+                                               signature)
+
+// for logging
+#define DOCTEST_INFO(x)                                                                            \
+    doctest::detail::ContextScope DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_CAPTURE_)(                            \
+            doctest::detail::ContextBuilder() << x)
+#define DOCTEST_CAPTURE(x) DOCTEST_INFO(#x " := " << x)
+
+#define DOCTEST_ADD_AT_IMPL(type, file, line, mb, x)                                               \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        doctest::detail::MessageBuilder mb(file, line, doctest::detail::assertType::type);         \
+        mb << x;                                                                                   \
+        if(mb.log())                                                                               \
+            DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();                                                         \
+        mb.react();                                                                                \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+// clang-format off
+#define DOCTEST_ADD_MESSAGE_AT(file, line, x) DOCTEST_ADD_AT_IMPL(is_warn, file, line, DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_MESSAGE_), x)
+#define DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_CHECK_AT(file, line, x) DOCTEST_ADD_AT_IMPL(is_check, file, line, DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_MESSAGE_), x)
+#define DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_AT(file, line, x) DOCTEST_ADD_AT_IMPL(is_require, file, line, DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_MESSAGE_), x)
+// clang-format on
+
+#define DOCTEST_MESSAGE(x) DOCTEST_ADD_MESSAGE_AT(__FILE__, __LINE__, x)
+#define DOCTEST_FAIL_CHECK(x) DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_CHECK_AT(__FILE__, __LINE__, x)
+#define DOCTEST_FAIL(x) DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_AT(__FILE__, __LINE__, x)
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201402L || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1910)
+template <class T, T x>
+constexpr T to_lvalue = x;
+#define DOCTEST_TO_LVALUE(...) to_lvalue<decltype(__VA_ARGS__), __VA_ARGS__>
+#else
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TO_LVALUE(...) TO_LVALUE_CAN_BE_USED_ONLY_IN_CPP14_MODE_OR_WITH_VS_2017_OR_NEWER
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TO_LVALUE(x) TO_LVALUE_CAN_BE_USED_ONLY_IN_CPP14_MODE_OR_WITH_VS_2017_OR_NEWER
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#endif // TO_LVALUE hack for logging macros like INFO()
+
+// common code in asserts - for convenience
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(rb)                                                           \
+    if(rb.log())                                                                                   \
+        DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();                                                             \
+    rb.react()
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_TRY_CATCH_IN_ASSERTS
+#define DOCTEST_WRAP_IN_TRY(x) x;
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_TRY_CATCH_IN_ASSERTS
+#define DOCTEST_WRAP_IN_TRY(x)                                                                     \
+    try {                                                                                          \
+        x;                                                                                         \
+    } catch(...) { _DOCTEST_RB.unexpectedExceptionOccurred(); }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_TRY_CATCH_IN_ASSERTS
+
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_3(expr, assert_type)                                              \
+    doctest::detail::ResultBuilder _DOCTEST_RB(                                                    \
+            doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__,                          \
+            DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)));                                   \
+    DOCTEST_WRAP_IN_TRY(_DOCTEST_RB.setResult(                                                     \
+            doctest::detail::ExpressionDecomposer(doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type)        \
+            << DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)))                                               \
+    DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(_DOCTEST_RB)
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(expr, assert_type)                                              \
+    _Pragma("clang diagnostic push")                                                               \
+            _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Woverloaded-shift-op-parentheses\"")              \
+                    DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_3(expr, assert_type);                                 \
+    _Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")
+#else // __clang__
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(expr, assert_type) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_3(expr, assert_type);
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1(expr, assert_type)                                              \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(expr, assert_type);                                             \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN(...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1((__VA_ARGS__), DT_WARN)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK(...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1((__VA_ARGS__), DT_CHECK)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE(...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1((__VA_ARGS__), DT_REQUIRE)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1((__VA_ARGS__), DT_WARN_FALSE)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1((__VA_ARGS__), DT_CHECK_FALSE)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1((__VA_ARGS__), DT_REQUIRE_FALSE)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1(expr, DT_WARN)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1(expr, DT_CHECK)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1(expr, DT_REQUIRE)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1(expr, DT_WARN_FALSE)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1(expr, DT_CHECK_FALSE)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_1(expr, DT_REQUIRE_FALSE)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+// clang-format off
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2((cond), DT_WARN); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2((cond), DT_CHECK); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2((cond), DT_REQUIRE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2((cond), DT_WARN_FALSE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2((cond), DT_CHECK_FALSE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2((cond), DT_REQUIRE_FALSE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(cond, DT_WARN); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(cond, DT_CHECK); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(cond, DT_REQUIRE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(cond, DT_WARN_FALSE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(cond, DT_CHECK_FALSE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_ASSERT_IMPLEMENT_2(cond, DT_REQUIRE_FALSE); } while((void)0, 0)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+// clang-format on
+
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS(expr, assert_type)                                                   \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        if(!doctest::detail::getTestsContextState()->no_throw) {                                   \
+            doctest::detail::ResultBuilder _DOCTEST_RB(doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type,   \
+                                                       __FILE__, __LINE__, #expr);                 \
+            try {                                                                                  \
+                expr;                                                                              \
+            } catch(...) { _DOCTEST_RB.m_threw = true; }                                           \
+            DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(_DOCTEST_RB);                                             \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS_AS(expr, as, assert_type)                                            \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        if(!doctest::detail::getTestsContextState()->no_throw) {                                   \
+            doctest::detail::ResultBuilder _DOCTEST_RB(                                            \
+                    doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__, #expr,           \
+                    DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(as)));                             \
+            try {                                                                                  \
+                expr;                                                                              \
+            } catch(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(as)) {                                           \
+                _DOCTEST_RB.m_threw    = true;                                                     \
+                _DOCTEST_RB.m_threw_as = true;                                                     \
+            } catch(...) { _DOCTEST_RB.unexpectedExceptionOccurred(); }                            \
+            DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(_DOCTEST_RB);                                             \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_ASSERT_NOTHROW(expr, assert_type)                                                  \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        if(!doctest::detail::getTestsContextState()->no_throw) {                                   \
+            doctest::detail::ResultBuilder _DOCTEST_RB(doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type,   \
+                                                       __FILE__, __LINE__, #expr);                 \
+            try {                                                                                  \
+                expr;                                                                              \
+            } catch(...) { _DOCTEST_RB.unexpectedExceptionOccurred(); }                            \
+            DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(_DOCTEST_RB);                                             \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS(expr, DT_WARN_THROWS)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS(expr, DT_CHECK_THROWS)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS(expr, DT_REQUIRE_THROWS)
+
+// clang-format off
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS_AS(expr, (__VA_ARGS__), DT_WARN_THROWS_AS)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS_AS(expr, (__VA_ARGS__), DT_CHECK_THROWS_AS)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS_AS(expr, (__VA_ARGS__), DT_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS_AS(expr, ex, DT_WARN_THROWS_AS)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS_AS(expr, ex, DT_CHECK_THROWS_AS)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) DOCTEST_ASSERT_THROWS_AS(expr, ex, DT_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+// clang-format on
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_NOTHROW(expr, DT_WARN_NOTHROW)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_NOTHROW(expr, DT_CHECK_NOTHROW)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW(expr) DOCTEST_ASSERT_NOTHROW(expr, DT_REQUIRE_NOTHROW)
+
+// clang-format off
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS(expr); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS(expr); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS(expr); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS(expr, ex); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS(expr, ex); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS(expr, ex); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW(expr); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW(expr); } while((void)0, 0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) do { DOCTEST_INFO(msg); DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW(expr); } while((void)0, 0)
+// clang-format on
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(assert_type, expr, comp)                                             \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        doctest::detail::ResultBuilder _DOCTEST_RB(                                                \
+                doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__,                      \
+                DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)));                               \
+        DOCTEST_WRAP_IN_TRY(                                                                       \
+                _DOCTEST_RB.binary_assert<doctest::detail::binaryAssertComparison::comp>(          \
+                        DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)))                                      \
+        DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(_DOCTEST_RB);                                                 \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(assert_type, lhs, rhs, comp)                                         \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        doctest::detail::ResultBuilder _DOCTEST_RB(doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type,       \
+                                                   __FILE__, __LINE__, #lhs ", " #rhs);            \
+        DOCTEST_WRAP_IN_TRY(                                                                       \
+                _DOCTEST_RB.binary_assert<doctest::detail::binaryAssertComparison::comp>(lhs,      \
+                                                                                         rhs))     \
+        DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(_DOCTEST_RB);                                                 \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(assert_type, expr)                                                    \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        doctest::detail::ResultBuilder _DOCTEST_RB(                                                \
+                doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__,                      \
+                DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)));                               \
+        DOCTEST_WRAP_IN_TRY(_DOCTEST_RB.unary_assert(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)))         \
+        DOCTEST_ASSERT_LOG_AND_REACT(_DOCTEST_RB);                                                 \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_EQ(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_EQ, (__VA_ARGS__), eq)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_EQ(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_EQ, (__VA_ARGS__), eq)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_EQ(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_EQ, (__VA_ARGS__), eq)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_NE, (__VA_ARGS__), ne)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_NE, (__VA_ARGS__), ne)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_NE, (__VA_ARGS__), ne)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GT(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_GT, (__VA_ARGS__), gt)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GT(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_GT, (__VA_ARGS__), gt)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GT(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_GT, (__VA_ARGS__), gt)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LT(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_LT, (__VA_ARGS__), lt)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LT(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_LT, (__VA_ARGS__), lt)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LT(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_LT, (__VA_ARGS__), lt)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_GE, (__VA_ARGS__), ge)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_GE, (__VA_ARGS__), ge)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_GE, (__VA_ARGS__), ge)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_LE, (__VA_ARGS__), le)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_LE, (__VA_ARGS__), le)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LE(...) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_LE, (__VA_ARGS__), le)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY(...) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_UNARY, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY(...) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_UNARY, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY(...) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_UNARY, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_UNARY_FALSE, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_EQ(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_EQ, lhs, rhs, eq)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_EQ(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_EQ, lhs, rhs, eq)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_EQ(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_EQ, lhs, rhs, eq)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_NE, lhs, rhs, ne)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_NE, lhs, rhs, ne)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_NE, lhs, rhs, ne)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GT(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_GT, lhs, rhs, gt)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GT(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_GT, lhs, rhs, gt)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GT(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_GT, lhs, rhs, gt)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LT(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_LT, lhs, rhs, lt)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LT(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_LT, lhs, rhs, lt)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LT(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_LT, lhs, rhs, lt)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_GE, lhs, rhs, ge)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_GE, lhs, rhs, ge)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_GE, lhs, rhs, ge)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_LE, lhs, rhs, le)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_LE, lhs, rhs, le)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LE(lhs, rhs) DOCTEST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_LE, lhs, rhs, le)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY(v) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_UNARY, v)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY(v) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_UNARY, v)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY(v) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_UNARY, v)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(v) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_WARN_UNARY_FALSE, v)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(v) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE, v)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(v) DOCTEST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE, v)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(assert_type, expr, comparison)                                  \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        int _DOCTEST_FAST_RES = doctest::detail::fast_binary_assert<                               \
+                doctest::detail::binaryAssertComparison::comparison>(                              \
+                doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__,                      \
+                DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)),                                \
+                DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr));                                              \
+        if(_DOCTEST_FAST_RES & doctest::detail::assertAction::dbgbreak)                            \
+            DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();                                                         \
+        doctest::detail::fastAssertThrowIfFlagSet(_DOCTEST_FAST_RES);                              \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(assert_type, lhs, rhs, comparison)                              \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        int _DOCTEST_FAST_RES = doctest::detail::fast_binary_assert<                               \
+                doctest::detail::binaryAssertComparison::comparison>(                              \
+                doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__, #lhs ", " #rhs, lhs, \
+                rhs);                                                                              \
+        if(_DOCTEST_FAST_RES & doctest::detail::assertAction::dbgbreak)                            \
+            DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();                                                         \
+        doctest::detail::fastAssertThrowIfFlagSet(_DOCTEST_FAST_RES);                              \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(assert_type, expr)                                               \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        int _DOCTEST_FAST_RES = doctest::detail::fast_unary_assert(                                \
+                doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__,                      \
+                DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)),                                \
+                DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr));                                              \
+        if(_DOCTEST_FAST_RES & doctest::detail::assertAction::dbgbreak)                            \
+            DOCTEST_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();                                                         \
+        doctest::detail::fastAssertThrowIfFlagSet(_DOCTEST_FAST_RES);                              \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(assert_type, expr, comparison)                                  \
+    doctest::detail::fast_binary_assert<doctest::detail::binaryAssertComparison::comparison>(      \
+            doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__,                          \
+            DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)),                                    \
+            DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr))
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(assert_type, lhs, rhs, comparison)                              \
+    doctest::detail::fast_binary_assert<doctest::detail::binaryAssertComparison::comparison>(      \
+            doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__, __LINE__, #lhs ", " #rhs, lhs,     \
+            rhs)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(assert_type, expr)                                               \
+    doctest::detail::fast_unary_assert(doctest::detail::assertType::assert_type, __FILE__,         \
+                                       __LINE__,                                                   \
+                                       DOCTEST_TOSTR(DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr)),         \
+                                       DOCTEST_HANDLE_BRACED_VA_ARGS(expr))
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_SUPER_FAST_ASSERTS
+
+// clang-format off
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_EQ(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_EQ, (__VA_ARGS__), eq)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_EQ(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_EQ, (__VA_ARGS__), eq)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ, (__VA_ARGS__), eq)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_NE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_NE, (__VA_ARGS__), ne)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_NE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_NE, (__VA_ARGS__), ne)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_NE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_NE, (__VA_ARGS__), ne)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GT(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_GT, (__VA_ARGS__), gt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GT(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_GT, (__VA_ARGS__), gt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GT(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GT, (__VA_ARGS__), gt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LT(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_LT, (__VA_ARGS__), lt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LT(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_LT, (__VA_ARGS__), lt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LT(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LT, (__VA_ARGS__), lt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_GE, (__VA_ARGS__), ge)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_GE, (__VA_ARGS__), ge)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GE, (__VA_ARGS__), ge)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_LE, (__VA_ARGS__), le)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_LE, (__VA_ARGS__), le)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LE, (__VA_ARGS__), le)
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY(...) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY(...) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY(...) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(...) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE, (__VA_ARGS__))
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_EQ(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_EQ, l, r, eq)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_EQ(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_EQ, l, r, eq)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ, l, r, eq)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_NE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_NE, l, r, ne)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_NE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_NE, l, r, ne)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_NE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_NE, l, r, ne)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GT(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_GT, l, r, gt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GT(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_GT, l, r, gt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GT(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GT, l, r, gt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LT(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_LT, l, r, lt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LT(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_LT, l, r, lt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LT(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LT, l, r, lt)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_GE, l, r, ge)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_GE, l, r, ge)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GE, l, r, ge)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_LE, l, r, le)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_LE, l, r, le)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LE(l, r) DOCTEST_FAST_BINARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LE, l, r, le)
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY(v) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY, v)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY(v) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY, v)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY(v) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY, v)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(v) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE, v)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(v) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE, v)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(v) DOCTEST_FAST_UNARY_ASSERT(DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE, v)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+// clang-format on
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+
+#undef DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS
+#undef DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS
+#undef DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS
+#undef DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS
+#undef DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW
+#undef DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW
+
+#undef DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW_MESSAGE
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS_BUT_WITH_ALL_ASSERTS
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS(expr) ((void)0)
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) ((void)0)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) ((void)0)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW(expr) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS_BUT_WITH_ALL_ASSERTS
+
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE_MESSAGE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_EQ
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GT
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LT
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LE
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY
+#undef DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_NE
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GT
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LT
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GE
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LE
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY
+#undef DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS_BUT_WITH_ALL_ASSERTS
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+
+// =================================================================================================
+// == WHAT FOLLOWS IS VERSIONS OF THE MACROS THAT DO NOT DO ANY REGISTERING!                      ==
+// == THIS CAN BE ENABLED BY DEFINING DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE GLOBALLY!                            ==
+// =================================================================================================
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+#define DOCTEST_IMPLEMENT_FIXTURE(der, base, func, name)                                           \
+    namespace                                                                                      \
+    {                                                                                              \
+        template <typename T>                                                                      \
+        struct der : base                                                                          \
+        { void f(); };                                                                             \
+    }                                                                                              \
+    template <typename T>                                                                          \
+    inline void der<T>::f()
+
+#define DOCTEST_CREATE_AND_REGISTER_FUNCTION(f, name)                                              \
+    template <typename T>                                                                          \
+    static inline void f()
+
+// for registering tests
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE(name)                                                                    \
+    DOCTEST_CREATE_AND_REGISTER_FUNCTION(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FUNC_), name)
+
+// for registering tests with a fixture
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(x, name)                                                         \
+    DOCTEST_IMPLEMENT_FIXTURE(DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_CLASS_), x,                          \
+                              DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FUNC_), name)
+
+// for converting types to strings without the <typeinfo> header and demangling
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING(...) typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(...)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING(x) typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+#define DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(x)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+// for typed tests
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE(name, type, types)                                              \
+    template <typename type>                                                                       \
+    inline void DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TMP_)()
+
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_DEFINE(name, type, id)                                          \
+    template <typename type>                                                                       \
+    inline void DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TMP_)()
+
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE(id, types)                                          \
+    typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+
+// for subcases
+#define DOCTEST_SUBCASE(name)
+
+// for a testsuite block
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE(name) namespace
+
+// for starting a testsuite block
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_BEGIN(name) typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+
+// for ending a testsuite block
+#define DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_END typedef int DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_FOR_SEMICOLON_)
+
+#define DOCTEST_REGISTER_EXCEPTION_TRANSLATOR(signature)                                           \
+    template <typename T>                                                                          \
+    static inline doctest::String DOCTEST_ANONYMOUS(_DOCTEST_ANON_TRANSLATOR_)(signature)
+
+#define DOCTEST_INFO(x) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CAPTURE(x) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_ADD_MESSAGE_AT(file, line, x) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_CHECK_AT(file, line, x) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_AT(file, line, x) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_MESSAGE(x) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAIL_CHECK(x) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAIL(x) ((void)0)
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE(expr) ((void)0)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_MESSAGE(cond, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_MESSAGE(cond, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE_MESSAGE(cond, msg) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS(expr) ((void)0)
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS(expr, ...) ((void)0)
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS(expr, ex) ((void)0)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW(expr) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW(expr) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE(expr, ex, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW_MESSAGE(expr, msg) ((void)0)
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_EQ(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_EQ(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_EQ(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LE(...) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_EQ(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_EQ(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_NE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_NE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_NE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LT(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LE(...) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(...) ((void)0)
+
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_EQ(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_EQ(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_EQ(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_NE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_NE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_GE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_GE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_LE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_LE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(val) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_EQ(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_EQ(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_NE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_NE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_NE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LT(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LE(lhs, rhs) ((void)0)
+
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE(val) ((void)0)
+#define DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE(val) ((void)0)
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_VARIADIC_MACROS
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+// BDD style macros
+// clang-format off
+#define DOCTEST_SCENARIO(name)  TEST_CASE("  Scenario: " name)
+#define DOCTEST_GIVEN(name)     SUBCASE("   Given: " name)
+#define DOCTEST_WHEN(name)      SUBCASE("    When: " name)
+#define DOCTEST_AND_WHEN(name)  SUBCASE("And when: " name)
+#define DOCTEST_THEN(name)      SUBCASE("    Then: " name)
+#define DOCTEST_AND_THEN(name)  SUBCASE("     And: " name)
+// clang-format on
+
+// == SHORT VERSIONS OF THE MACROS
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_SHORT_MACRO_NAMES)
+
+#define TEST_CASE DOCTEST_TEST_CASE
+#define TEST_CASE_FIXTURE DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_FIXTURE
+#define TYPE_TO_STRING DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING
+#define TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE
+#define TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_DEFINE DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_DEFINE
+#define TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE DOCTEST_TEST_CASE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATE
+#define SUBCASE DOCTEST_SUBCASE
+#define TEST_SUITE DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE
+#define TEST_SUITE_BEGIN DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_BEGIN
+#define TEST_SUITE_END DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_END
+#define REGISTER_EXCEPTION_TRANSLATOR DOCTEST_REGISTER_EXCEPTION_TRANSLATOR
+#define INFO DOCTEST_INFO
+#define CAPTURE DOCTEST_CAPTURE
+#define ADD_MESSAGE_AT DOCTEST_ADD_MESSAGE_AT
+#define ADD_FAIL_CHECK_AT DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_CHECK_AT
+#define ADD_FAIL_AT DOCTEST_ADD_FAIL_AT
+#define MESSAGE DOCTEST_MESSAGE
+#define FAIL_CHECK DOCTEST_FAIL_CHECK
+#define FAIL DOCTEST_FAIL
+#define TO_LVALUE DOCTEST_TO_LVALUE
+
+#define WARN DOCTEST_WARN
+#define WARN_FALSE DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE
+#define WARN_THROWS DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS
+#define WARN_THROWS_AS DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS
+#define WARN_NOTHROW DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW
+#define CHECK DOCTEST_CHECK
+#define CHECK_FALSE DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE
+#define CHECK_THROWS DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS
+#define CHECK_THROWS_AS DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS
+#define CHECK_NOTHROW DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW
+#define REQUIRE DOCTEST_REQUIRE
+#define REQUIRE_FALSE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE
+#define REQUIRE_THROWS DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS
+#define REQUIRE_THROWS_AS DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS
+#define REQUIRE_NOTHROW DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW
+
+#define WARN_MESSAGE DOCTEST_WARN_MESSAGE
+#define WARN_FALSE_MESSAGE DOCTEST_WARN_FALSE_MESSAGE
+#define WARN_THROWS_MESSAGE DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_MESSAGE
+#define WARN_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE DOCTEST_WARN_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE
+#define WARN_NOTHROW_MESSAGE DOCTEST_WARN_NOTHROW_MESSAGE
+#define CHECK_MESSAGE DOCTEST_CHECK_MESSAGE
+#define CHECK_FALSE_MESSAGE DOCTEST_CHECK_FALSE_MESSAGE
+#define CHECK_THROWS_MESSAGE DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_MESSAGE
+#define CHECK_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE DOCTEST_CHECK_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE
+#define CHECK_NOTHROW_MESSAGE DOCTEST_CHECK_NOTHROW_MESSAGE
+#define REQUIRE_MESSAGE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_MESSAGE
+#define REQUIRE_FALSE_MESSAGE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_FALSE_MESSAGE
+#define REQUIRE_THROWS_MESSAGE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_MESSAGE
+#define REQUIRE_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS_MESSAGE
+#define REQUIRE_NOTHROW_MESSAGE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NOTHROW_MESSAGE
+
+#define SCENARIO DOCTEST_SCENARIO
+#define GIVEN DOCTEST_GIVEN
+#define WHEN DOCTEST_WHEN
+#define AND_WHEN DOCTEST_AND_WHEN
+#define THEN DOCTEST_THEN
+#define AND_THEN DOCTEST_AND_THEN
+
+#define WARN_EQ DOCTEST_WARN_EQ
+#define CHECK_EQ DOCTEST_CHECK_EQ
+#define REQUIRE_EQ DOCTEST_REQUIRE_EQ
+#define WARN_NE DOCTEST_WARN_NE
+#define CHECK_NE DOCTEST_CHECK_NE
+#define REQUIRE_NE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_NE
+#define WARN_GT DOCTEST_WARN_GT
+#define CHECK_GT DOCTEST_CHECK_GT
+#define REQUIRE_GT DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GT
+#define WARN_LT DOCTEST_WARN_LT
+#define CHECK_LT DOCTEST_CHECK_LT
+#define REQUIRE_LT DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LT
+#define WARN_GE DOCTEST_WARN_GE
+#define CHECK_GE DOCTEST_CHECK_GE
+#define REQUIRE_GE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_GE
+#define WARN_LE DOCTEST_WARN_LE
+#define CHECK_LE DOCTEST_CHECK_LE
+#define REQUIRE_LE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_LE
+#define WARN_UNARY DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY
+#define CHECK_UNARY DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY
+#define REQUIRE_UNARY DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY
+#define WARN_UNARY_FALSE DOCTEST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE
+#define CHECK_UNARY_FALSE DOCTEST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE
+#define REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE DOCTEST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE
+
+#define FAST_WARN_EQ DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_EQ
+#define FAST_CHECK_EQ DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_EQ
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_EQ DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ
+#define FAST_WARN_NE DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_NE
+#define FAST_CHECK_NE DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_NE
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_NE DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_NE
+#define FAST_WARN_GT DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GT
+#define FAST_CHECK_GT DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GT
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_GT DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GT
+#define FAST_WARN_LT DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LT
+#define FAST_CHECK_LT DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LT
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_LT DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LT
+#define FAST_WARN_GE DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_GE
+#define FAST_CHECK_GE DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_GE
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_GE DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_GE
+#define FAST_WARN_LE DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_LE
+#define FAST_CHECK_LE DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_LE
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_LE DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_LE
+#define FAST_WARN_UNARY DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY
+#define FAST_CHECK_UNARY DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY
+#define FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE DOCTEST_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE
+#define FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE DOCTEST_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE
+#define FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE DOCTEST_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_SHORT_MACRO_NAMES
+
+// this is here to clear the 'current test suite' for the current translation unit - at the top
+DOCTEST_TEST_SUITE_END();
+
+// add stringification for primitive/fundamental types
+namespace doctest
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(bool)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(float)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(double)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(long double)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(char)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(signed char)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(unsigned char)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(wchar_t)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(short int)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(unsigned short int)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(int)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(unsigned int)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(long int)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(unsigned long int)
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(long long int)
+    DOCTEST_TYPE_TO_STRING_IMPL(unsigned long long int)
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+} // namespace detail
+} // namespace doctest
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_LIBRARY_INCLUDED
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_SINGLE_HEADER
+#define DOCTEST_SINGLE_HEADER
+#endif // DOCTEST_SINGLE_HEADER
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunknown-pragmas"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wpadded"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wglobal-constructors"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-prototypes"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wshorten-64-to-32"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-variable-declarations"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wswitch"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wswitch-enum"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wcovered-switch-default"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-noreturn"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-local-typedef"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdisabled-macro-expansion"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-braces"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-field-initializers"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++11-long-long"
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunknown-pragmas"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Weffc++"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wstrict-overflow"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-field-initializers"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-braces"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-declarations"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Winline"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wswitch"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wswitch-enum"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wswitch-default"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunsafe-loop-optimizations"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wlong-long"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wold-style-cast"
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant"
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 7)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-local-typedefs"
+#endif // > gcc 4.7
+#if __GNUC__ > 5 || (__GNUC__ == 5 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 3)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wuseless-cast"
+#endif // > gcc 5.3
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4996) // The compiler encountered a deprecated declaration
+#pragma warning(disable : 4267) // 'var' : conversion from 'size_t' to 'type', possible loss of data
+#pragma warning(disable : 4706) // assignment within conditional expression
+#pragma warning(disable : 4512) // 'class' : assignment operator could not be generated
+#pragma warning(disable : 4127) // conditional expression is constant
+#pragma warning(disable : 4530) // C++ exception handler used, but unwind semantics are not enabled
+#pragma warning(disable : 4577) // 'noexcept' used with no exception handling mode specified
+#endif                          // _MSC_VER
+
+#if defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT) || !defined(DOCTEST_SINGLE_HEADER)
+#ifndef DOCTEST_LIBRARY_IMPLEMENTATION
+#define DOCTEST_LIBRARY_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_SINGLE_HEADER
+#include "doctest_fwd.h"
+#endif // DOCTEST_SINGLE_HEADER
+
+#if defined(__clang__) && defined(DOCTEST_NO_CPP11_COMPAT)
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++98-compat"
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wc++98-compat-pedantic"
+#endif // __clang__ && DOCTEST_NO_CPP11_COMPAT
+
+// snprintf() not in the C++98 standard
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define DOCTEST_SNPRINTF _snprintf
+#else
+#define DOCTEST_SNPRINTF std::snprintf
+#endif
+
+#define DOCTEST_LOG_START()                                                                        \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        if(!contextState->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart) {                                             \
+            doctest::detail::logTestStart(*contextState->currentTest);                             \
+            contextState->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart = true;                                        \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    } while(false)
+
+// required includes - will go only in one translation unit!
+#include <ctime>
+#include <cmath>
+// borland (Embarcadero) compiler requires math.h and not cmath - https://github.com/onqtam/doctest/pull/37
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+#include <math.h>
+#endif // __BORLANDC__
+#include <new>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <limits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
+#include <exception>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <csignal>
+#include <cfloat>
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+namespace doctest
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+    // lowers ascii letters
+    char tolower(const char c) { return (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ? static_cast<char>(c + 32) : c; }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    T my_max(const T& lhs, const T& rhs) {
+        return lhs > rhs ? lhs : rhs;
+    }
+
+    // case insensitive strcmp
+    int stricmp(char const* a, char const* b) {
+        for(;; a++, b++) {
+            int d = tolower(*a) - tolower(*b);
+            if(d != 0 || !*a)
+                return d;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void my_memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, unsigned num) {
+        const char* csrc  = static_cast<const char*>(src);
+        char*       cdest = static_cast<char*>(dest);
+        for(unsigned i = 0; i < num; ++i)
+            cdest[i]   = csrc[i];
+    }
+
+    // not using std::strlen() because of valgrind errors when optimizations are turned on
+    // 'Invalid read of size 4' when the test suite len (with '\0') is not a multiple of 4
+    // for details see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/35671155
+    unsigned my_strlen(const char* in) {
+        const char* temp = in;
+        while(temp && *temp)
+            ++temp;
+        return unsigned(temp - in);
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    String fpToString(T value, int precision) {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << std::setprecision(precision) << std::fixed << value;
+        std::string d = oss.str();
+        size_t      i = d.find_last_not_of('0');
+        if(i != std::string::npos && i != d.size() - 1) {
+            if(d[i] == '.')
+                i++;
+            d = d.substr(0, i + 1);
+        }
+        return d.c_str();
+    }
+
+    struct Endianness
+    {
+        enum Arch
+        {
+            Big,
+            Little
+        };
+
+        static Arch which() {
+            union _
+            {
+                int  asInt;
+                char asChar[sizeof(int)];
+            } u;
+
+            u.asInt = 1;                                            // NOLINT
+            return (u.asChar[sizeof(int) - 1] == 1) ? Big : Little; // NOLINT
+        }
+    };
+
+    String rawMemoryToString(const void* object, unsigned size) {
+        // Reverse order for little endian architectures
+        int i = 0, end = static_cast<int>(size), inc = 1;
+        if(Endianness::which() == Endianness::Little) {
+            i   = end - 1;
+            end = inc = -1;
+        }
+
+        unsigned char const* bytes = static_cast<unsigned char const*>(object);
+        std::ostringstream   os;
+        os << "0x" << std::setfill('0') << std::hex;
+        for(; i != end; i += inc)
+            os << std::setw(2) << static_cast<unsigned>(bytes[i]);
+        return os.str().c_str();
+    }
+
+    std::ostream* createStream() { return new std::ostringstream(); }
+    String getStreamResult(std::ostream* in) {
+        return static_cast<std::ostringstream*>(in)->str().c_str(); // NOLINT
+    }
+    void freeStream(std::ostream* in) { delete in; }
+
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+    // this holds both parameters for the command line and runtime data for tests
+    struct ContextState : TestAccessibleContextState //!OCLINT too many fields
+    {
+        // == parameters from the command line
+
+        std::vector<std::vector<String> > filters;
+
+        String   order_by;  // how tests should be ordered
+        unsigned rand_seed; // the seed for rand ordering
+
+        unsigned first; // the first (matching) test to be executed
+        unsigned last;  // the last (matching) test to be executed
+
+        int  abort_after;           // stop tests after this many failed assertions
+        int  subcase_filter_levels; // apply the subcase filters for the first N levels
+        bool case_sensitive;        // if filtering should be case sensitive
+        bool exit;         // if the program should be exited after the tests are ran/whatever
+        bool duration;     // print the time duration of each test case
+        bool no_exitcode;  // if the framework should return 0 as the exitcode
+        bool no_run;       // to not run the tests at all (can be done with an "*" exclude)
+        bool no_version;   // to not print the version of the framework
+        bool no_colors;    // if output to the console should be colorized
+        bool force_colors; // forces the use of colors even when a tty cannot be detected
+        bool no_breaks;    // to not break into the debugger
+        bool no_skip;      // don't skip test cases which are marked to be skipped
+        bool no_path_in_filenames; // if the path to files should be removed from the output
+        bool no_line_numbers;      // if source code line numbers should be omitted from the output
+        bool no_skipped_summary;   // don't print "skipped" in the summary !!! UNDOCUMENTED !!!
+
+        bool help;             // to print the help
+        bool version;          // to print the version
+        bool count;            // if only the count of matching tests is to be retreived
+        bool list_test_cases;  // to list all tests matching the filters
+        bool list_test_suites; // to list all suites matching the filters
+
+        // == data for the tests being ran
+
+        unsigned        numTestsPassingFilters;
+        unsigned        numTestSuitesPassingFilters;
+        unsigned        numFailed;
+        const TestCase* currentTest;
+        bool            hasLoggedCurrentTestStart;
+        int             numAssertionsForCurrentTestcase;
+        int             numAssertions;
+        int             numFailedAssertionsForCurrentTestcase;
+        int             numFailedAssertions;
+        bool            hasCurrentTestFailed;
+
+        std::vector<IContextScope*> contexts;            // for logging with INFO() and friends
+        std::vector<std::string>    exceptionalContexts; // logging from INFO() due to an exception
+
+        // stuff for subcases
+        std::set<SubcaseSignature> subcasesPassed;
+        std::set<int>              subcasesEnteredLevels;
+        std::vector<Subcase>       subcasesStack;
+        int                        subcasesCurrentLevel;
+        bool                       subcasesHasSkipped;
+
+        void resetRunData() {
+            numTestsPassingFilters                = 0;
+            numTestSuitesPassingFilters           = 0;
+            numFailed                             = 0;
+            numAssertions                         = 0;
+            numFailedAssertions                   = 0;
+            numFailedAssertionsForCurrentTestcase = 0;
+        }
+
+        // cppcheck-suppress uninitMemberVar
+        ContextState()
+                : filters(8) // 8 different filters total
+        {
+            resetRunData();
+        }
+    };
+
+    ContextState* contextState = 0;
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+} // namespace detail
+
+void String::copy(const String& other) {
+    if(other.isOnStack()) {
+        detail::my_memcpy(buf, other.buf, len);
+    } else {
+        setOnHeap();
+        data.size     = other.data.size;
+        data.capacity = data.size + 1;
+        data.ptr      = new char[data.capacity];
+        detail::my_memcpy(data.ptr, other.data.ptr, data.size + 1);
+    }
+}
+
+String::String(const char* in) {
+    unsigned in_len = detail::my_strlen(in);
+    if(in_len <= last) {
+        detail::my_memcpy(buf, in, in_len + 1);
+        setLast(last - in_len);
+    } else {
+        setOnHeap();
+        data.size     = in_len;
+        data.capacity = data.size + 1;
+        data.ptr      = new char[data.capacity];
+        detail::my_memcpy(data.ptr, in, in_len + 1);
+    }
+}
+
+String& String::operator+=(const String& other) {
+    unsigned my_old_size = size();
+    unsigned other_size  = other.size();
+    unsigned total_size  = my_old_size + other_size;
+    if(isOnStack()) {
+        if(total_size < len) {
+            // append to the current stack space
+            detail::my_memcpy(buf + my_old_size, other.c_str(), other_size + 1);
+            setLast(last - total_size);
+        } else {
+            // alloc new chunk
+            char* temp = new char[total_size + 1];
+            // copy current data to new location before writing in the union
+            detail::my_memcpy(temp, buf, my_old_size); // skip the +1 ('\0') for speed
+            // update data in union
+            setOnHeap();
+            data.size     = total_size;
+            data.capacity = data.size + 1;
+            data.ptr      = temp;
+            // transfer the rest of the data
+            detail::my_memcpy(data.ptr + my_old_size, other.c_str(), other_size + 1);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if(data.capacity > total_size) {
+            // append to the current heap block
+            data.size = total_size;
+            detail::my_memcpy(data.ptr + my_old_size, other.c_str(), other_size + 1);
+        } else {
+            // resize
+            data.capacity *= 2;
+            if(data.capacity <= total_size)
+                data.capacity = total_size + 1;
+            // alloc new chunk
+            char* temp = new char[data.capacity];
+            // copy current data to new location before releasing it
+            detail::my_memcpy(temp, data.ptr, my_old_size); // skip the +1 ('\0') for speed
+            // release old chunk
+            delete[] data.ptr;
+            // update the rest of the union members
+            data.size = total_size;
+            data.ptr  = temp;
+            // transfer the rest of the data
+            detail::my_memcpy(data.ptr + my_old_size, other.c_str(), other_size + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return *this;
+}
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+String::String(String&& other) {
+    detail::my_memcpy(buf, other.buf, len);
+    other.buf[0] = '\0';
+    other.setLast();
+}
+
+String& String::operator=(String&& other) {
+    if(!isOnStack())
+        delete[] data.ptr;
+    detail::my_memcpy(buf, other.buf, len);
+    other.buf[0] = '\0';
+    other.setLast();
+    return *this;
+}
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+
+int String::compare(const char* other, bool no_case) const {
+    if(no_case)
+        return detail::stricmp(c_str(), other);
+    return std::strcmp(c_str(), other);
+}
+
+int String::compare(const String& other, bool no_case) const {
+    return compare(other.c_str(), no_case);
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const String& in) {
+    stream << in.c_str();
+    return stream;
+}
+
+Approx::Approx(double value)
+        : m_epsilon(static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::epsilon()) * 100)
+        , m_scale(1.0)
+        , m_value(value) {}
+
+bool operator==(double lhs, Approx const& rhs) {
+    // Thanks to Richard Harris for his help refining this formula
+    return std::fabs(lhs - rhs.m_value) <
+           rhs.m_epsilon * (rhs.m_scale + detail::my_max(std::fabs(lhs), std::fabs(rhs.m_value)));
+}
+
+String Approx::toString() const { return String("Approx( ") + doctest::toString(m_value) + " )"; }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+String toString(char* in) { return toString(static_cast<const char*>(in)); }
+String toString(const char* in) { return String("\"") + (in ? in : "{null string}") + "\""; }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+String toString(bool in) { return in ? "true" : "false"; }
+String toString(float in) { return detail::fpToString(in, 5) + "f"; }
+String toString(double in) { return detail::fpToString(in, 10); }
+String toString(double long in) { return detail::fpToString(in, 15); }
+
+String toString(char in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%d", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(char signed in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%d", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(char unsigned in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%ud", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(int short in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%d", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(int short unsigned in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%u", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(int in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%d", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(int unsigned in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%u", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(int long in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%ld", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+String toString(int long unsigned in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%lu", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+String toString(int long long in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%lld", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+String toString(int long long unsigned in) {
+    char buf[64];
+    std::sprintf(buf, "%llu", in);
+    return buf;
+}
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+String toString(std::nullptr_t) { return "nullptr"; }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_NULLPTR
+
+} // namespace doctest
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+namespace doctest
+{
+bool isRunningInTest() { return false; }
+Context::Context(int, const char* const*) {}
+Context::~Context() {}
+void Context::applyCommandLine(int, const char* const*) {}
+void Context::addFilter(const char*, const char*) {}
+void Context::clearFilters() {}
+void Context::setOption(const char*, int) {}
+void Context::setOption(const char*, const char*) {}
+bool Context::shouldExit() { return false; }
+int  Context::run() { return 0; }
+} // namespace doctest
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_NONE)
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS) && !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_ANSI)
+#ifdef DOCTEST_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS
+#else // linux
+#define DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_ANSI
+#endif // platform
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS && DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_ANSI
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_NONE
+
+#define DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buffer, color)                                                      \
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        doctest::detail::Color col(color);                                                         \
+        std::printf("%s", buffer);                                                                 \
+    } while((void)0, 0)
+
+// the buffer size used for snprintf() calls
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH)
+#define DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH 1024
+#endif // DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1700
+#define DOCTEST_WINDOWS_SAL_IN_OPT _In_opt_
+#else // _MSC_VER
+#define DOCTEST_WINDOWS_SAL_IN_OPT
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) void __stdcall OutputDebugStringA(
+        DOCTEST_WINDOWS_SAL_IN_OPT const char*);
+extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall IsDebuggerPresent();
+#endif // _MSC_VER || __MINGW32__
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_ANSI
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_ANSI
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+// defines for a leaner windows.h
+#ifndef WIN32_MEAN_AND_LEAN
+#define WIN32_MEAN_AND_LEAN
+#endif // WIN32_MEAN_AND_LEAN
+#ifndef VC_EXTRA_LEAN
+#define VC_EXTRA_LEAN
+#endif // VC_EXTRA_LEAN
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#define NOMINMAX
+#endif // NOMINMAX
+
+// not sure what AfxWin.h is for - here I do what Catch does
+#ifdef __AFXDLL
+#include <AfxWin.h>
+#else
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+#include <io.h>
+
+#else // _WIN32
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+namespace doctest_detail_test_suite_ns
+{
+// holds the current test suite
+doctest::detail::TestSuite& getCurrentTestSuite() {
+    static doctest::detail::TestSuite data;
+    return data;
+}
+} // namespace doctest_detail_test_suite_ns
+
+namespace doctest
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+    TestCase::TestCase(funcType test, const char* file, unsigned line, const TestSuite& test_suite,
+                       const char* type, int template_id)
+            : m_test(test)
+            , m_name(0)
+            , m_type(type)
+            , m_test_suite(test_suite.m_test_suite)
+            , m_description(test_suite.m_description)
+            , m_skip(test_suite.m_skip)
+            , m_may_fail(test_suite.m_may_fail)
+            , m_should_fail(test_suite.m_should_fail)
+            , m_expected_failures(test_suite.m_expected_failures)
+            , m_timeout(test_suite.m_timeout)
+            , m_file(file)
+            , m_line(line)
+            , m_template_id(template_id) {}
+
+    TestCase& TestCase::operator*(const char* in) {
+        m_name = in;
+        // make a new name with an appended type for templated test case
+        if(m_template_id != -1) {
+            m_full_name = String(m_name) + m_type;
+            // redirect the name to point to the newly constructed full name
+            m_name = m_full_name.c_str();
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    TestCase& TestCase::operator=(const TestCase& other) {
+        m_test              = other.m_test;
+        m_full_name         = other.m_full_name;
+        m_name              = other.m_name;
+        m_type              = other.m_type;
+        m_test_suite        = other.m_test_suite;
+        m_description       = other.m_description;
+        m_skip              = other.m_skip;
+        m_may_fail          = other.m_may_fail;
+        m_should_fail       = other.m_should_fail;
+        m_expected_failures = other.m_expected_failures;
+        m_timeout           = other.m_timeout;
+        m_file              = other.m_file;
+        m_line              = other.m_line;
+        m_template_id       = other.m_template_id;
+
+        if(m_template_id != -1)
+            m_name = m_full_name.c_str();
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    bool TestCase::operator<(const TestCase& other) const {
+        if(m_line != other.m_line)
+            return m_line < other.m_line;
+        int file_cmp = std::strcmp(m_file, other.m_file);
+        if(file_cmp != 0)
+            return file_cmp < 0;
+        return m_template_id < other.m_template_id;
+    }
+
+    const char* getAssertString(assertType::Enum val) {
+        switch(val) { //!OCLINT missing default in switch statements
+            // clang-format off
+            case assertType::DT_WARN                    : return "WARN";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK                   : return "CHECK";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE                 : return "REQUIRE";
+
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_FALSE              : return "WARN_FALSE";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_FALSE             : return "CHECK_FALSE";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_FALSE           : return "REQUIRE_FALSE";
+
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_THROWS             : return "WARN_THROWS";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_THROWS            : return "CHECK_THROWS";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_THROWS          : return "REQUIRE_THROWS";
+
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_THROWS_AS          : return "WARN_THROWS_AS";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_THROWS_AS         : return "CHECK_THROWS_AS";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_THROWS_AS       : return "REQUIRE_THROWS_AS";
+
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_NOTHROW            : return "WARN_NOTHROW";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_NOTHROW           : return "CHECK_NOTHROW";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_NOTHROW         : return "REQUIRE_NOTHROW";
+
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_EQ                 : return "WARN_EQ";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_EQ                : return "CHECK_EQ";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_EQ              : return "REQUIRE_EQ";
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_NE                 : return "WARN_NE";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_NE                : return "CHECK_NE";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_NE              : return "REQUIRE_NE";
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_GT                 : return "WARN_GT";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_GT                : return "CHECK_GT";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_GT              : return "REQUIRE_GT";
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_LT                 : return "WARN_LT";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_LT                : return "CHECK_LT";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_LT              : return "REQUIRE_LT";
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_GE                 : return "WARN_GE";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_GE                : return "CHECK_GE";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_GE              : return "REQUIRE_GE";
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_LE                 : return "WARN_LE";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_LE                : return "CHECK_LE";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_LE              : return "REQUIRE_LE";
+
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_UNARY              : return "WARN_UNARY";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_UNARY             : return "CHECK_UNARY";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_UNARY           : return "REQUIRE_UNARY";
+            case assertType::DT_WARN_UNARY_FALSE        : return "WARN_UNARY_FALSE";
+            case assertType::DT_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE       : return "CHECK_UNARY_FALSE";
+            case assertType::DT_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE     : return "REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE";
+
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_EQ            : return "FAST_WARN_EQ";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_EQ           : return "FAST_CHECK_EQ";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_EQ         : return "FAST_REQUIRE_EQ";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_NE            : return "FAST_WARN_NE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_NE           : return "FAST_CHECK_NE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_NE         : return "FAST_REQUIRE_NE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_GT            : return "FAST_WARN_GT";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_GT           : return "FAST_CHECK_GT";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GT         : return "FAST_REQUIRE_GT";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_LT            : return "FAST_WARN_LT";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_LT           : return "FAST_CHECK_LT";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LT         : return "FAST_REQUIRE_LT";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_GE            : return "FAST_WARN_GE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_GE           : return "FAST_CHECK_GE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_GE         : return "FAST_REQUIRE_GE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_LE            : return "FAST_WARN_LE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_LE           : return "FAST_CHECK_LE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_LE         : return "FAST_REQUIRE_LE";
+
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY         : return "FAST_WARN_UNARY";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY        : return "FAST_CHECK_UNARY";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY      : return "FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE   : return "FAST_WARN_UNARY_FALSE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE  : return "FAST_CHECK_UNARY_FALSE";
+            case assertType::DT_FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE: return "FAST_REQUIRE_UNARY_FALSE";
+                // clang-format on
+        }
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    bool checkIfShouldThrow(assertType::Enum assert_type) {
+        if(assert_type & assertType::is_require) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            return true;
+
+        if((assert_type & assertType::is_check) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+           && contextState->abort_after > 0 &&
+           contextState->numFailedAssertions >= contextState->abort_after)
+            return true;
+
+        return false;
+    }
+    void fastAssertThrowIfFlagSet(int flags) {
+        if(flags & assertAction::shouldthrow) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            throwException();
+    }
+    void throwException() {
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+        throw TestFailureException();
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+    }
+
+    // matching of a string against a wildcard mask (case sensitivity configurable) taken from
+    // http://www.emoticode.net/c/simple-wildcard-string-compare-globbing-function.html
+    int wildcmp(const char* str, const char* wild, bool caseSensitive) {
+        const char* cp = 0;
+        const char* mp = 0;
+
+        // rolled my own tolower() to not include more headers
+        while((*str) && (*wild != '*')) {
+            if((caseSensitive ? (*wild != *str) : (tolower(*wild) != tolower(*str))) &&
+               (*wild != '?')) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            wild++;
+            str++;
+        }
+
+        while(*str) {
+            if(*wild == '*') {
+                if(!*++wild) {
+                    return 1;
+                }
+                mp = wild;
+                cp = str + 1;
+            } else if((caseSensitive ? (*wild == *str) : (tolower(*wild) == tolower(*str))) ||
+                      (*wild == '?')) {
+                wild++;
+                str++;
+            } else {
+                wild = mp;   //!OCLINT parameter reassignment
+                str  = cp++; //!OCLINT parameter reassignment
+            }
+        }
+
+        while(*wild == '*') {
+            wild++;
+        }
+        return !*wild;
+    }
+
+    //// C string hash function (djb2) - taken from http://www.cse.yorku.ca/~oz/hash.html
+    //unsigned hashStr(unsigned const char* str) {
+    //    unsigned long hash = 5381;
+    //    char          c;
+    //    while((c = *str++))
+    //        hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + c; // hash * 33 + c
+    //    return hash;
+    //}
+
+    // checks if the name matches any of the filters (and can be configured what to do when empty)
+    bool matchesAny(const char* name, const std::vector<String>& filters, int matchEmpty,
+                    bool caseSensitive) {
+        if(filters.empty() && matchEmpty)
+            return true;
+        for(unsigned i = 0; i < filters.size(); ++i)
+            if(wildcmp(name, filters[i].c_str(), caseSensitive))
+                return true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+    typedef unsigned long long UInt64;
+
+    UInt64 getCurrentTicks() {
+        static UInt64 hz = 0, hzo = 0;
+        if(!hz) {
+            QueryPerformanceFrequency(reinterpret_cast<LARGE_INTEGER*>(&hz));
+            QueryPerformanceCounter(reinterpret_cast<LARGE_INTEGER*>(&hzo));
+        }
+        UInt64 t;
+        QueryPerformanceCounter(reinterpret_cast<LARGE_INTEGER*>(&t));
+        return ((t - hzo) * 1000000) / hz;
+    }
+#else  // _WIN32
+
+    typedef uint64_t UInt64;
+
+    UInt64 getCurrentTicks() {
+        timeval t;
+        gettimeofday(&t, 0);
+        return static_cast<UInt64>(t.tv_sec) * 1000000 + static_cast<UInt64>(t.tv_usec);
+    }
+#endif // _WIN32
+
+    class Timer
+    {
+    public:
+        Timer()
+                : m_ticks(0) {}
+        void         start() { m_ticks = getCurrentTicks(); }
+        unsigned int getElapsedMicroseconds() const {
+            return static_cast<unsigned int>(getCurrentTicks() - m_ticks);
+        }
+        unsigned int getElapsedMilliseconds() const {
+            return static_cast<unsigned int>(getElapsedMicroseconds() / 1000);
+        }
+        double getElapsedSeconds() const { return getElapsedMicroseconds() / 1000000.0; }
+
+    private:
+        UInt64 m_ticks;
+    };
+
+    TestAccessibleContextState* getTestsContextState() { return contextState; }
+
+    bool SubcaseSignature::operator<(const SubcaseSignature& other) const {
+        if(m_line != other.m_line)
+            return m_line < other.m_line;
+        if(std::strcmp(m_file, other.m_file) != 0)
+            return std::strcmp(m_file, other.m_file) < 0;
+        return std::strcmp(m_name, other.m_name) < 0;
+    }
+
+    Subcase::Subcase(const char* name, const char* file, int line)
+            : m_signature(name, file, line)
+            , m_entered(false) {
+        ContextState* s = contextState;
+
+        // if we have already completed it
+        if(s->subcasesPassed.count(m_signature) != 0)
+            return;
+
+        // check subcase filters
+        if(s->subcasesCurrentLevel < s->subcase_filter_levels) {
+            if(!matchesAny(m_signature.m_name, s->filters[6], 1, s->case_sensitive))
+                return;
+            if(matchesAny(m_signature.m_name, s->filters[7], 0, s->case_sensitive))
+                return;
+        }
+
+        // if a Subcase on the same level has already been entered
+        if(s->subcasesEnteredLevels.count(s->subcasesCurrentLevel) != 0) {
+            s->subcasesHasSkipped = true;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        s->subcasesStack.push_back(*this);
+        if(s->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart)
+            logTestEnd();
+        s->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart = false;
+
+        s->subcasesEnteredLevels.insert(s->subcasesCurrentLevel++);
+        m_entered = true;
+    }
+
+    Subcase::Subcase(const Subcase& other)
+            : m_signature(other.m_signature.m_name, other.m_signature.m_file,
+                          other.m_signature.m_line)
+            , m_entered(other.m_entered) {}
+
+    Subcase::~Subcase() {
+        if(m_entered) {
+            ContextState* s = contextState;
+
+            s->subcasesCurrentLevel--;
+            // only mark the subcase as passed if no subcases have been skipped
+            if(s->subcasesHasSkipped == false)
+                s->subcasesPassed.insert(m_signature);
+
+            if(!s->subcasesStack.empty())
+                s->subcasesStack.pop_back();
+            if(s->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart)
+                logTestEnd();
+            s->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result::~Result() {}
+
+    Result& Result::operator=(const Result& other) {
+        m_passed        = other.m_passed;
+        m_decomposition = other.m_decomposition;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // for sorting tests by file/line
+    int fileOrderComparator(const void* a, const void* b) {
+        const TestCase* lhs = *static_cast<TestCase* const*>(a);
+        const TestCase* rhs = *static_cast<TestCase* const*>(b);
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+        // this is needed because MSVC gives different case for drive letters
+        // for __FILE__ when evaluated in a header and a source file
+        int res = stricmp(lhs->m_file, rhs->m_file);
+#else  // _MSC_VER
+        int res = std::strcmp(lhs->m_file, rhs->m_file);
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+        if(res != 0)
+            return res;
+        return static_cast<int>(lhs->m_line - rhs->m_line);
+    }
+
+    // for sorting tests by suite/file/line
+    int suiteOrderComparator(const void* a, const void* b) {
+        const TestCase* lhs = *static_cast<TestCase* const*>(a);
+        const TestCase* rhs = *static_cast<TestCase* const*>(b);
+
+        int res = std::strcmp(lhs->m_test_suite, rhs->m_test_suite);
+        if(res != 0)
+            return res;
+        return fileOrderComparator(a, b);
+    }
+
+    // for sorting tests by name/suite/file/line
+    int nameOrderComparator(const void* a, const void* b) {
+        const TestCase* lhs = *static_cast<TestCase* const*>(a);
+        const TestCase* rhs = *static_cast<TestCase* const*>(b);
+
+        int res_name = std::strcmp(lhs->m_name, rhs->m_name);
+        if(res_name != 0)
+            return res_name;
+        return suiteOrderComparator(a, b);
+    }
+
+    // sets the current test suite
+    int setTestSuite(const TestSuite& ts) {
+        doctest_detail_test_suite_ns::getCurrentTestSuite() = ts;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // all the registered tests
+    std::set<TestCase>& getRegisteredTests() {
+        static std::set<TestCase> data;
+        return data;
+    }
+
+    // used by the macros for registering tests
+    int regTest(const TestCase& tc) {
+        getRegisteredTests().insert(tc);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    struct Color
+    {
+        enum Code
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            White,
+            Red,
+            Green,
+            Blue,
+            Cyan,
+            Yellow,
+            Grey,
+
+            Bright = 0x10,
+
+            BrightRed   = Bright | Red,
+            BrightGreen = Bright | Green,
+            LightGrey   = Bright | Grey,
+            BrightWhite = Bright | White
+        };
+        explicit Color(Code code) { use(code); }
+        ~Color() { use(None); }
+
+        static void use(Code code);
+        static void init();
+    };
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS
+    HANDLE g_stdoutHandle;
+    WORD   g_originalForegroundAttributes;
+    WORD   g_originalBackgroundAttributes;
+    bool   g_attrsInitted = false;
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS
+
+    void Color::init() {
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS
+        if(!g_attrsInitted) {
+            g_stdoutHandle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+            g_attrsInitted = true;
+            CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbiInfo;
+            GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(g_stdoutHandle, &csbiInfo);
+            g_originalForegroundAttributes =
+                    csbiInfo.wAttributes &
+                    ~(BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
+            g_originalBackgroundAttributes =
+                    csbiInfo.wAttributes &
+                    ~(FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
+        }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS
+    }
+
+    void Color::use(Code
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_NONE
+                            code
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_NONE
+                    ) {
+        const ContextState* p = contextState;
+        if(p->no_colors)
+            return;
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_ANSI
+        if(isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) == false && p->force_colors == false)
+            return;
+
+        const char* col = "";
+        // clang-format off
+        switch(code) { //!OCLINT missing break in switch statement / unnecessary default statement in covered switch statement
+            case Color::Red:         col = "[0;31m"; break;
+            case Color::Green:       col = "[0;32m"; break;
+            case Color::Blue:        col = "[0;34m"; break;
+            case Color::Cyan:        col = "[0;36m"; break;
+            case Color::Yellow:      col = "[0;33m"; break;
+            case Color::Grey:        col = "[1;30m"; break;
+            case Color::LightGrey:   col = "[0;37m"; break;
+            case Color::BrightRed:   col = "[1;31m"; break;
+            case Color::BrightGreen: col = "[1;32m"; break;
+            case Color::BrightWhite: col = "[1;37m"; break;
+            case Color::Bright: // invalid
+            case Color::None:
+            case Color::White:
+            default:                 col = "[0m";
+        }
+        // clang-format on
+        std::printf("\033%s", col);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_ANSI
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS
+        if(isatty(fileno(stdout)) == false && p->force_colors == false)
+            return;
+
+#define DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(x)                                                                        \
+    SetConsoleTextAttribute(g_stdoutHandle, x | g_originalBackgroundAttributes)
+
+        // clang-format off
+        switch (code) {
+            case Color::White:       DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE); break;
+            case Color::Red:         DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_RED);                                      break;
+            case Color::Green:       DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_GREEN);                                    break;
+            case Color::Blue:        DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_BLUE);                                     break;
+            case Color::Cyan:        DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_GREEN);                  break;
+            case Color::Yellow:      DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN);                   break;
+            case Color::Grey:        DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(0);                                                   break;
+            case Color::LightGrey:   DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);                                break;
+            case Color::BrightRed:   DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);               break;
+            case Color::BrightGreen: DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN);             break;
+            case Color::BrightWhite: DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE); break;
+            case Color::None:
+            case Color::Bright: // invalid
+            default:                 DOCTEST_SET_ATTR(g_originalForegroundAttributes);
+        }
+// clang-format on
+#undef DOCTEST_SET_ATTR
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_COLORS_WINDOWS
+    }
+
+    IExceptionTranslator::~IExceptionTranslator() {}
+
+    std::vector<const IExceptionTranslator*>& getExceptionTranslators() {
+        static std::vector<const IExceptionTranslator*> data;
+        return data;
+    }
+
+    void registerExceptionTranslatorImpl(const IExceptionTranslator* translateFunction) {
+        getExceptionTranslators().push_back(translateFunction);
+    }
+
+    String translateActiveException() {
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+        String                                    res;
+        std::vector<const IExceptionTranslator*>& translators = getExceptionTranslators();
+        for(size_t i = 0; i < translators.size(); ++i)
+            if(translators[i]->translate(res))
+                return res;
+        // clang-format off
+        try {
+            throw;
+        } catch(std::exception& ex) {
+            return ex.what();
+        } catch(std::string& msg) {
+            return msg.c_str();
+        } catch(const char* msg) {
+            return msg;
+        } catch(...) {
+            return "unknown exception";
+        }
+// clang-format on
+#else  // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+        return "";
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+    }
+
+    void writeStringToStream(std::ostream* stream, const String& str) { *stream << str; }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char* in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, const char* in) { *stream << in; }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_TREAT_CHAR_STAR_AS_STRING
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, bool in) {
+        *stream << std::boolalpha << in << std::noboolalpha;
+    }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, float in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, double in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, double long in) { *stream << in; }
+
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char signed in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, char unsigned in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int short in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int short unsigned in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int unsigned in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long unsigned in) { *stream << in; }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long long in) { *stream << in; }
+    void toStream(std::ostream* stream, int long long unsigned in) { *stream << in; }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_WITH_LONG_LONG
+
+    void addToContexts(IContextScope* ptr) { contextState->contexts.push_back(ptr); }
+    void                              popFromContexts() { contextState->contexts.pop_back(); }
+    void useContextIfExceptionOccurred(IContextScope* ptr) {
+        if(std::uncaught_exception()) {
+            std::ostringstream stream;
+            ptr->build(&stream);
+            contextState->exceptionalContexts.push_back(stream.str());
+        }
+    }
+
+    void printSummary();
+
+#if !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS) && !defined(DOCTEST_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH)
+    void reportFatal(const std::string&) {}
+    struct FatalConditionHandler
+    {
+        void reset() {}
+    };
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS || DOCTEST_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH
+
+    void reportFatal(const std::string& message) {
+        DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+
+        contextState->numAssertions += contextState->numAssertionsForCurrentTestcase;
+        logTestException(message.c_str(), true);
+        logTestEnd();
+        contextState->numFailed++;
+
+        printSummary();
+    }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+
+    struct SignalDefs
+    {
+        DWORD       id;
+        const char* name;
+    };
+    // There is no 1-1 mapping between signals and windows exceptions.
+    // Windows can easily distinguish between SO and SigSegV,
+    // but SigInt, SigTerm, etc are handled differently.
+    SignalDefs signalDefs[] = {
+            {EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION, "SIGILL - Illegal instruction signal"},
+            {EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW, "SIGSEGV - Stack overflow"},
+            {EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION, "SIGSEGV - Segmentation violation signal"},
+            {EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO, "Divide by zero error"},
+    };
+
+    struct FatalConditionHandler
+    {
+        static LONG CALLBACK handleVectoredException(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ExceptionInfo) {
+            for(size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i) {
+                if(ExceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == signalDefs[i].id) {
+                    reportFatal(signalDefs[i].name);
+                }
+            }
+            // If its not an exception we care about, pass it along.
+            // This stops us from eating debugger breaks etc.
+            return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+        }
+
+        FatalConditionHandler() {
+            isSet = true;
+            // 32k seems enough for doctest to handle stack overflow,
+            // but the value was found experimentally, so there is no strong guarantee
+            guaranteeSize          = 32 * 1024;
+            exceptionHandlerHandle = 0;
+            // Register as first handler in current chain
+            exceptionHandlerHandle = AddVectoredExceptionHandler(1, handleVectoredException);
+            // Pass in guarantee size to be filled
+            SetThreadStackGuarantee(&guaranteeSize);
+        }
+
+        static void reset() {
+            if(isSet) {
+                // Unregister handler and restore the old guarantee
+                RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler(exceptionHandlerHandle);
+                SetThreadStackGuarantee(&guaranteeSize);
+                exceptionHandlerHandle = 0;
+                isSet                  = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        ~FatalConditionHandler() { reset(); }
+
+    private:
+        static bool  isSet;
+        static ULONG guaranteeSize;
+        static PVOID exceptionHandlerHandle;
+    };
+
+    bool  FatalConditionHandler::isSet                  = false;
+    ULONG FatalConditionHandler::guaranteeSize          = 0;
+    PVOID FatalConditionHandler::exceptionHandlerHandle = 0;
+
+#else // DOCTEST_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+
+    struct SignalDefs
+    {
+        int         id;
+        const char* name;
+    };
+    SignalDefs signalDefs[] = {{SIGINT, "SIGINT - Terminal interrupt signal"},
+                               {SIGILL, "SIGILL - Illegal instruction signal"},
+                               {SIGFPE, "SIGFPE - Floating point error signal"},
+                               {SIGSEGV, "SIGSEGV - Segmentation violation signal"},
+                               {SIGTERM, "SIGTERM - Termination request signal"},
+                               {SIGABRT, "SIGABRT - Abort (abnormal termination) signal"}};
+
+    struct FatalConditionHandler
+    {
+        static bool             isSet;
+        static struct sigaction oldSigActions[sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs)];
+        static stack_t          oldSigStack;
+        static char             altStackMem[SIGSTKSZ];
+
+        static void handleSignal(int sig) {
+            std::string name = "<unknown signal>";
+            for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i) {
+                SignalDefs& def = signalDefs[i];
+                if(sig == def.id) {
+                    name = def.name;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            reset();
+            reportFatal(name);
+            raise(sig);
+        }
+
+        FatalConditionHandler() {
+            isSet = true;
+            stack_t sigStack;
+            sigStack.ss_sp    = altStackMem;
+            sigStack.ss_size  = SIGSTKSZ;
+            sigStack.ss_flags = 0;
+            sigaltstack(&sigStack, &oldSigStack);
+            struct sigaction sa = {0};
+
+            sa.sa_handler = handleSignal; // NOLINT
+            sa.sa_flags   = SA_ONSTACK;
+            for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i) {
+                sigaction(signalDefs[i].id, &sa, &oldSigActions[i]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        ~FatalConditionHandler() { reset(); }
+        static void reset() {
+            if(isSet) {
+                // Set signals back to previous values -- hopefully nobody overwrote them in the meantime
+                for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i) {
+                    sigaction(signalDefs[i].id, &oldSigActions[i], 0);
+                }
+                // Return the old stack
+                sigaltstack(&oldSigStack, 0);
+                isSet = false;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    bool             FatalConditionHandler::isSet = false;
+    struct sigaction FatalConditionHandler::oldSigActions[sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs)] =
+            {};
+    stack_t FatalConditionHandler::oldSigStack           = {};
+    char    FatalConditionHandler::altStackMem[SIGSTKSZ] = {};
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS || DOCTEST_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH
+
+    // depending on the current options this will remove the path of filenames
+    const char* fileForOutput(const char* file) {
+        if(contextState->no_path_in_filenames) {
+            const char* back    = std::strrchr(file, '\\');
+            const char* forward = std::strrchr(file, '/');
+            if(back || forward) {
+                if(back > forward)
+                    forward = back;
+                return forward + 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return file;
+    }
+
+    // depending on the current options this will substitute the line numbers with 0
+    int lineForOutput(int line) {
+        if(contextState->no_line_numbers)
+            return 0;
+        return line;
+    }
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_PLATFORM_MAC
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+    // The following function is taken directly from the following technical note:
+    // http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#qa/qa2004/qa1361.html
+    // Returns true if the current process is being debugged (either
+    // running under the debugger or has a debugger attached post facto).
+    bool isDebuggerActive() {
+        int        mib[4];
+        kinfo_proc info;
+        size_t     size;
+        // Initialize the flags so that, if sysctl fails for some bizarre
+        // reason, we get a predictable result.
+        info.kp_proc.p_flag = 0;
+        // Initialize mib, which tells sysctl the info we want, in this case
+        // we're looking for information about a specific process ID.
+        mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
+        mib[1] = KERN_PROC;
+        mib[2] = KERN_PROC_PID;
+        mib[3] = getpid();
+        // Call sysctl.
+        size = sizeof(info);
+        if(sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(*mib), &info, &size, 0, 0) != 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "\n** Call to sysctl failed - unable to determine if debugger is "
+                            "active **\n\n");
+            return false;
+        }
+        // We're being debugged if the P_TRACED flag is set.
+        return ((info.kp_proc.p_flag & P_TRACED) != 0);
+    }
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
+    bool  isDebuggerActive() { return ::IsDebuggerPresent() != 0; }
+#else
+    bool isDebuggerActive() { return false; }
+#endif // Platform
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+    void myOutputDebugString(const String& text) { ::OutputDebugStringA(text.c_str()); }
+#else
+    // TODO: integration with XCode and other IDEs
+    void myOutputDebugString(const String&) {}
+#endif // Platform
+
+    const char* getSeparator() {
+        return "===============================================================================\n";
+    }
+
+    void printToDebugConsole(const String& text) {
+        if(isDebuggerActive())
+            myOutputDebugString(text.c_str());
+    }
+
+    void addFailedAssert(assertType::Enum assert_type) {
+        if((assert_type & assertType::is_warn) == 0) { //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            contextState->numFailedAssertions++;
+            contextState->numFailedAssertionsForCurrentTestcase++;
+            contextState->hasCurrentTestFailed = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void logTestStart(const TestCase& tc) {
+        char loc[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(loc, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(loc), "%s(%d)\n", fileForOutput(tc.m_file),
+                         lineForOutput(tc.m_line));
+
+        char ts1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(ts1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(ts1), "TEST SUITE: ");
+        char ts2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(ts2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(ts2), "%s\n", tc.m_test_suite);
+        char n1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(n1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(n1), "TEST CASE:  ");
+        char n2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(n2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(n2), "%s\n", tc.m_name);
+        char d1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(d1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(d1), "DESCRIPTION: ");
+        char d2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(d2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(d2), "%s\n", tc.m_description);
+
+        // hack for BDD style of macros - to not print "TEST CASE:"
+        char scenario[] = "  Scenario:";
+        if(std::string(tc.m_name).substr(0, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(scenario) - 1) == scenario)
+            n1[0] = '\0';
+
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(getSeparator(), Color::Yellow);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(loc, Color::LightGrey);
+
+        String forDebugConsole;
+        if(tc.m_description) {
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(d1, Color::Yellow);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(d2, Color::None);
+            forDebugConsole += d1;
+            forDebugConsole += d2;
+        }
+        if(tc.m_test_suite[0] != '\0') {
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(ts1, Color::Yellow);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(ts2, Color::None);
+            forDebugConsole += ts1;
+            forDebugConsole += ts2;
+        }
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(n1, Color::Yellow);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(n2, Color::None);
+
+        String                subcaseStuff;
+        std::vector<Subcase>& subcasesStack = contextState->subcasesStack;
+        for(unsigned i = 0; i < subcasesStack.size(); ++i) {
+            if(subcasesStack[i].m_signature.m_name[0] != '\0') {
+                char subcase[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+                DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(subcase, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(loc), "  %s\n",
+                                 subcasesStack[i].m_signature.m_name);
+                DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(subcase, Color::None);
+                subcaseStuff += subcase;
+            }
+        }
+
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+        printToDebugConsole(String(getSeparator()) + loc + forDebugConsole.c_str() + n1 + n2 +
+                            subcaseStuff.c_str() + "\n");
+    }
+
+    void logTestEnd() {}
+
+    void logTestException(const String& what, bool crash) {
+        char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg), "TEST CASE FAILED!\n");
+
+        char info1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        char info2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        info1[0] = 0;
+        info2[0] = 0;
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info1),
+                         crash ? "crashed:\n" : "threw exception:\n");
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info2), "  %s\n", what.c_str());
+
+        std::string contextStr;
+
+        if(!contextState->exceptionalContexts.empty()) {
+            contextStr += "with context:\n";
+            for(size_t i = contextState->exceptionalContexts.size(); i > 0; --i) {
+                contextStr += "  ";
+                contextStr += contextState->exceptionalContexts[i - 1];
+                contextStr += "\n";
+            }
+        }
+
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg, Color::Red);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info1, Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info2, Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(contextStr.c_str(), Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+        printToDebugConsole(String(msg) + info1 + info2 + contextStr.c_str() + "\n");
+    }
+
+    String logContext() {
+        std::ostringstream           stream;
+        std::vector<IContextScope*>& contexts = contextState->contexts;
+        if(!contexts.empty())
+            stream << "with context:\n";
+        for(size_t i = 0; i < contexts.size(); ++i) {
+            stream << "  ";
+            contexts[i]->build(&stream);
+            stream << "\n";
+        }
+        return stream.str().c_str();
+    }
+
+    const char* getFailString(assertType::Enum assert_type) {
+        if(assert_type & assertType::is_warn) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            return "WARNING";
+        if(assert_type & assertType::is_check) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            return "ERROR";
+        if(assert_type & assertType::is_require) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            return "FATAL ERROR";
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    void logAssert(bool passed, const char* decomposition, bool threw, const String& exception,
+                   const char* expr, assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file, int line) {
+        char loc[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(loc, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(loc), "%s(%d)", fileForOutput(file),
+                         lineForOutput(line));
+
+        char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg), " %s!\n",
+                         passed ? "PASSED" : getFailString(assert_type));
+
+        char info1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info1), "  %s( %s )\n",
+                         getAssertString(assert_type), expr);
+
+        char info2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        char info3[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        info2[0] = 0;
+        info3[0] = 0;
+        if(threw) {
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info2), "threw exception:\n");
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info3, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info3), "  %s\n", exception.c_str());
+        } else {
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info2), "with expansion:\n");
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info3, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info3), "  %s( %s )\n",
+                             getAssertString(assert_type), decomposition);
+        }
+
+        bool isWarn = assert_type & assertType::is_warn;
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(loc, Color::LightGrey);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg,
+                               passed ? Color::BrightGreen : isWarn ? Color::Yellow : Color::Red);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info1, Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info2, Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info3, Color::Cyan);
+        String context = logContext();
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(context.c_str(), Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+        printToDebugConsole(String(loc) + msg + info1 + info2 + info3 + context.c_str() + "\n");
+    }
+
+    void logAssertThrows(bool threw, const char* expr, assertType::Enum assert_type,
+                         const char* file, int line) {
+        char loc[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(loc, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(loc), "%s(%d)", fileForOutput(file),
+                         lineForOutput(line));
+
+        char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg), " %s!\n",
+                         threw ? "PASSED" : getFailString(assert_type));
+
+        char info1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info1), "  %s( %s )\n",
+                         getAssertString(assert_type), expr);
+
+        char info2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        info2[0] = 0;
+
+        if(!threw)
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info2), "didn't throw at all\n");
+
+        bool isWarn = assert_type & assertType::is_warn;
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(loc, Color::LightGrey);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg,
+                               threw ? Color::BrightGreen : isWarn ? Color::Yellow : Color::Red);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info1, Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info2, Color::None);
+        String context = logContext();
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(context.c_str(), Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+        printToDebugConsole(String(loc) + msg + info1 + info2 + context.c_str() + "\n");
+    }
+
+    void logAssertThrowsAs(bool threw, bool threw_as, const char* as, const String& exception,
+                           const char* expr, assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file,
+                           int line) {
+        char loc[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(loc, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(loc), "%s(%d)", fileForOutput(file),
+                         lineForOutput(line));
+
+        char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg), " %s!\n",
+                         threw_as ? "PASSED" : getFailString(assert_type));
+
+        char info1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info1), "  %s( %s, %s )\n",
+                         getAssertString(assert_type), expr, as);
+
+        char info2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        char info3[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        info2[0] = 0;
+        info3[0] = 0;
+
+        if(!threw) { //!OCLINT inverted logic
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info2), "didn't throw at all\n");
+        } else if(!threw_as) {
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info2), "threw a different exception:\n");
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info3, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info3), "  %s\n", exception.c_str());
+        }
+
+        bool isWarn = assert_type & assertType::is_warn;
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(loc, Color::LightGrey);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg,
+                               threw_as ? Color::BrightGreen : isWarn ? Color::Yellow : Color::Red);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info1, Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info2, Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info3, Color::Cyan);
+        String context = logContext();
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(context.c_str(), Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+        printToDebugConsole(String(loc) + msg + info1 + info2 + info3 + context.c_str() + "\n");
+    }
+
+    void logAssertNothrow(bool threw, const String& exception, const char* expr,
+                          assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file, int line) {
+        char loc[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(loc, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(loc), "%s(%d)", fileForOutput(file),
+                         lineForOutput(line));
+
+        char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg), " %s!\n",
+                         threw ? getFailString(assert_type) : "PASSED");
+
+        char info1[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info1, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info1), "  %s( %s )\n",
+                         getAssertString(assert_type), expr);
+
+        char info2[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        char info3[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        info2[0] = 0;
+        info3[0] = 0;
+        if(threw) {
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info2, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info2), "threw exception:\n");
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(info3, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(info3), "  %s\n", exception.c_str());
+        }
+
+        bool isWarn = assert_type & assertType::is_warn;
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(loc, Color::LightGrey);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg,
+                               threw ? isWarn ? Color::Yellow : Color::Red : Color::BrightGreen);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info1, Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info2, Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info3, Color::Cyan);
+        String context = logContext();
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(context.c_str(), Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+        printToDebugConsole(String(loc) + msg + info1 + info2 + info3 + context.c_str() + "\n");
+    }
+
+    ResultBuilder::ResultBuilder(assertType::Enum assert_type, const char* file, int line,
+                                 const char* expr, const char* exception_type)
+            : m_assert_type(assert_type)
+            , m_file(file)
+            , m_line(line)
+            , m_expr(expr)
+            , m_exception_type(exception_type)
+            , m_threw(false)
+            , m_threw_as(false)
+            , m_failed(false) {
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+        if(m_expr[0] == ' ') // this happens when variadic macros are disabled under MSVC
+            ++m_expr;
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+    }
+
+    ResultBuilder::~ResultBuilder() {}
+
+    void ResultBuilder::unexpectedExceptionOccurred() {
+        m_threw = true;
+
+        m_exception = translateActiveException();
+    }
+
+    bool ResultBuilder::log() {
+        if((m_assert_type & assertType::is_warn) == 0) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            contextState->numAssertionsForCurrentTestcase++;
+
+        if(m_assert_type & assertType::is_throws) { //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            m_failed = !m_threw;
+        } else if(m_assert_type & //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+                  assertType::is_throws_as) {
+            m_failed = !m_threw_as;
+        } else if(m_assert_type & //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+                  assertType::is_nothrow) {
+            m_failed = m_threw;
+        } else {
+            m_failed = m_result;
+        }
+
+        if(m_failed || contextState->success) {
+            DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+
+            if(m_assert_type & assertType::is_throws) { //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+                logAssertThrows(m_threw, m_expr, m_assert_type, m_file, m_line);
+            } else if(m_assert_type & //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+                      assertType::is_throws_as) {
+                logAssertThrowsAs(m_threw, m_threw_as, m_exception_type, m_exception, m_expr,
+                                  m_assert_type, m_file, m_line);
+            } else if(m_assert_type & //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+                      assertType::is_nothrow) {
+                logAssertNothrow(m_threw, m_exception, m_expr, m_assert_type, m_file, m_line);
+            } else {
+                logAssert(m_result.m_passed, m_result.m_decomposition.c_str(), m_threw, m_exception,
+                          m_expr, m_assert_type, m_file, m_line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(m_failed)
+            addFailedAssert(m_assert_type);
+
+        return m_failed && isDebuggerActive() && !contextState->no_breaks; // break into debugger
+    }
+
+    void ResultBuilder::react() const {
+        if(m_failed && checkIfShouldThrow(m_assert_type))
+            throwException();
+    }
+
+    MessageBuilder::MessageBuilder(const char* file, int line,
+                                   doctest::detail::assertType::Enum severity)
+            : m_stream(createStream())
+            , m_file(file)
+            , m_line(line)
+            , m_severity(severity) {}
+
+    bool MessageBuilder::log() {
+        DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+
+        bool is_warn = m_severity & doctest::detail::assertType::is_warn;
+
+        // warn is just a message in this context so we dont treat it as an assert
+        if(!is_warn) {
+            contextState->numAssertionsForCurrentTestcase++;
+            addFailedAssert(m_severity);
+        }
+
+        char loc[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(loc, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(loc), "%s(%d)", fileForOutput(m_file),
+                         lineForOutput(m_line));
+        char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+        DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg), " %s!\n",
+                         is_warn ? "MESSAGE" : getFailString(m_severity));
+
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(loc, Color::LightGrey);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg, is_warn ? Color::Yellow : Color::Red);
+
+        String info = getStreamResult(m_stream);
+        if(info.size()) {
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("  ", Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(info.c_str(), Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+        }
+        String context = logContext();
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(context.c_str(), Color::None);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+        printToDebugConsole(String(loc) + msg + "  " + info.c_str() + "\n" + context.c_str() +
+                            "\n");
+
+        return isDebuggerActive() && !contextState->no_breaks && !is_warn; // break into debugger
+    }
+
+    void MessageBuilder::react() {
+        if(m_severity & assertType::is_require) //!OCLINT bitwise operator in conditional
+            throwException();
+    }
+
+    MessageBuilder::~MessageBuilder() { freeStream(m_stream); }
+
+    // the implementation of parseFlag()
+    bool parseFlagImpl(int argc, const char* const* argv, const char* pattern) {
+        for(int i = argc - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+            const char* temp = std::strstr(argv[i], pattern);
+            if(temp && my_strlen(temp) == my_strlen(pattern)) {
+                // eliminate strings in which the chars before the option are not '-'
+                bool noBadCharsFound = true; //!OCLINT prefer early exits and continue
+                while(temp != argv[i]) {
+                    if(*--temp != '-') {
+                        noBadCharsFound = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if(noBadCharsFound && argv[i][0] == '-')
+                    return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // locates a flag on the command line
+    bool parseFlag(int argc, const char* const* argv, const char* pattern) {
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_UNPREFIXED_OPTIONS
+        if(!parseFlagImpl(argc, argv, pattern))
+            return parseFlagImpl(argc, argv, pattern + 3); // 3 for "dt-"
+        return true;
+#else  // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_UNPREFIXED_OPTIONS
+        return parseFlagImpl(argc, argv, pattern);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_UNPREFIXED_OPTIONS
+    }
+
+    // the implementation of parseOption()
+    bool parseOptionImpl(int argc, const char* const* argv, const char* pattern, String& res) {
+        for(int i = argc - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+            const char* temp = std::strstr(argv[i], pattern);
+            if(temp) { //!OCLINT prefer early exits and continue
+                // eliminate matches in which the chars before the option are not '-'
+                bool        noBadCharsFound = true;
+                const char* curr            = argv[i];
+                while(curr != temp) {
+                    if(*curr++ != '-') {
+                        noBadCharsFound = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if(noBadCharsFound && argv[i][0] == '-') {
+                    temp += my_strlen(pattern);
+                    unsigned len = my_strlen(temp);
+                    if(len) {
+                        res = temp;
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // parses an option and returns the string after the '=' character
+    bool parseOption(int argc, const char* const* argv, const char* pattern, String& res,
+                     const String& defaultVal = String()) {
+        res = defaultVal;
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_UNPREFIXED_OPTIONS
+        if(!parseOptionImpl(argc, argv, pattern, res))
+            return parseOptionImpl(argc, argv, pattern + 3, res); // 3 for "dt-"
+        return true;
+#else // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_UNPREFIXED_OPTIONS
+        return parseOptionImpl(argc, argv, pattern, res);
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_UNPREFIXED_OPTIONS
+    }
+
+    // parses a comma separated list of words after a pattern in one of the arguments in argv
+    bool parseCommaSepArgs(int argc, const char* const* argv, const char* pattern,
+                           std::vector<String>& res) {
+        String filtersString;
+        if(parseOption(argc, argv, pattern, filtersString)) {
+            // tokenize with "," as a separator
+            // cppcheck-suppress strtokCalled
+            char* pch = std::strtok(filtersString.c_str(), ","); // modifies the string
+            while(pch != 0) {
+                if(my_strlen(pch))
+                    res.push_back(pch);
+                // uses the strtok() internal state to go to the next token
+                // cppcheck-suppress strtokCalled
+                pch = std::strtok(0, ",");
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    enum optionType
+    {
+        option_bool,
+        option_int
+    };
+
+    // parses an int/bool option from the command line
+    bool parseIntOption(int argc, const char* const* argv, const char* pattern, optionType type,
+                        int& res) {
+        String parsedValue;
+        if(!parseOption(argc, argv, pattern, parsedValue))
+            return false;
+
+        if(type == 0) {
+            // boolean
+            const char positive[][5] = {"1", "true", "on", "yes"};  // 5 - strlen("true") + 1
+            const char negative[][6] = {"0", "false", "off", "no"}; // 6 - strlen("false") + 1
+
+            // if the value matches any of the positive/negative possibilities
+            for(unsigned i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+                if(parsedValue.compare(positive[i], true) == 0) {
+                    res = 1; //!OCLINT parameter reassignment
+                    return true;
+                }
+                if(parsedValue.compare(negative[i], true) == 0) {
+                    res = 0; //!OCLINT parameter reassignment
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // integer
+            int theInt = std::atoi(parsedValue.c_str()); // NOLINT
+            if(theInt != 0) {
+                res = theInt; //!OCLINT parameter reassignment
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    void printVersion() {
+        if(contextState->no_version == false) {
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+            std::printf("doctest version is \"%s\"\n", DOCTEST_VERSION_STR);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void printHelp() {
+        printVersion();
+        // clang-format off
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest]\n", Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("boolean values: \"1/on/yes/true\" or \"0/off/no/false\"\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("filter  values: \"str1,str2,str3\" (comma separated strings)\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest]\n", Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("filters use wildcards for matching strings\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("something passes a filter if any of the strings in a filter matches\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest]\n", Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("ALL FLAGS, OPTIONS AND FILTERS ALSO AVAILABLE WITH A \"dt-\" PREFIX!!!\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest]\n", Color::Cyan);
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("Query flags - the program quits after them. Available:\n\n");
+        std::printf(" -?,   --help, -h                      prints this message\n");
+        std::printf(" -v,   --version                       prints the version\n");
+        std::printf(" -c,   --count                         prints the number of matching tests\n");
+        std::printf(" -ltc, --list-test-cases               lists all matching tests by name\n");
+        std::printf(" -lts, --list-test-suites              lists all matching test suites\n\n");
+        // ========================================================================================= << 79
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("The available <int>/<string> options/filters are:\n\n");
+        std::printf(" -tc,  --test-case=<filters>           filters     tests by their name\n");
+        std::printf(" -tce, --test-case-exclude=<filters>   filters OUT tests by their name\n");
+        std::printf(" -sf,  --source-file=<filters>         filters     tests by their file\n");
+        std::printf(" -sfe, --source-file-exclude=<filters> filters OUT tests by their file\n");
+        std::printf(" -ts,  --test-suite=<filters>          filters     tests by their test suite\n");
+        std::printf(" -tse, --test-suite-exclude=<filters>  filters OUT tests by their test suite\n");
+        std::printf(" -sc,  --subcase=<filters>             filters     subcases by their name\n");
+        std::printf(" -sce, --subcase-exclude=<filters>     filters OUT subcases by their name\n");
+        std::printf(" -ob,  --order-by=<string>             how the tests should be ordered\n");
+        std::printf("                                       <string> - by [file/suite/name/rand]\n");
+        std::printf(" -rs,  --rand-seed=<int>               seed for random ordering\n");
+        std::printf(" -f,   --first=<int>                   the first test passing the filters to\n");
+        std::printf("                                       execute - for range-based execution\n");
+        std::printf(" -l,   --last=<int>                    the last test passing the filters to\n");
+        std::printf("                                       execute - for range-based execution\n");
+        std::printf(" -aa,  --abort-after=<int>             stop after <int> failed assertions\n");
+        std::printf(" -scfl,--subcase-filter-levels=<int>   apply filters for the first <int> levels\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("Bool options - can be used like flags and true is assumed. Available:\n\n");
+        std::printf(" -s,   --success=<bool>                include successful assertions in output\n");
+        std::printf(" -cs,  --case-sensitive=<bool>         filters being treated as case sensitive\n");
+        std::printf(" -e,   --exit=<bool>                   exits after the tests finish\n");
+        std::printf(" -d,   --duration=<bool>               prints the time duration of each test\n");
+        std::printf(" -nt,  --no-throw=<bool>               skips exceptions-related assert checks\n");
+        std::printf(" -ne,  --no-exitcode=<bool>            returns (or exits) always with success\n");
+        std::printf(" -nr,  --no-run=<bool>                 skips all runtime doctest operations\n");
+        std::printf(" -nv,  --no-version=<bool>             omit the framework version in the output\n");
+        std::printf(" -nc,  --no-colors=<bool>              disables colors in output\n");
+        std::printf(" -fc,  --force-colors=<bool>           use colors even when not in a tty\n");
+        std::printf(" -nb,  --no-breaks=<bool>              disables breakpoints in debuggers\n");
+        std::printf(" -ns,  --no-skip=<bool>                don't skip test cases marked as skip\n");
+        std::printf(" -npf, --no-path-filenames=<bool>      only filenames and no paths in output\n");
+        std::printf(" -nln, --no-line-numbers=<bool>        0 instead of real line numbers in output\n");
+        // ========================================================================================= << 79
+        // clang-format on
+
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("for more information visit the project documentation\n\n");
+    }
+
+    void printSummary() {
+        const ContextState* p = contextState;
+
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(getSeparator(), Color::Yellow);
+        if(p->count || p->list_test_cases) {
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+            std::printf("unskipped test cases passing the current filters: %u\n",
+                        p->numTestsPassingFilters);
+        } else if(p->list_test_suites) {
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+            std::printf("unskipped test cases passing the current filters: %u\n",
+                        p->numTestsPassingFilters);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+            std::printf("test suites with unskipped test cases passing the current filters: %u\n",
+                        p->numTestSuitesPassingFilters);
+        } else {
+            bool anythingFailed = p->numFailed > 0 || p->numFailedAssertions > 0;
+
+            char buff[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), "test cases: %6u",
+                             p->numTestsPassingFilters);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), " | ");
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), "%6d passed",
+                             p->numTestsPassingFilters - p->numFailed);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff,
+                                   (p->numTestsPassingFilters == 0 || anythingFailed) ?
+                                           Color::None :
+                                           Color::Green);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), " | ");
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), "%6u failed", p->numFailed);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, p->numFailed > 0 ? Color::Red : Color::None);
+
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), " | ");
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+            if(p->no_skipped_summary == false) {
+                int numSkipped = static_cast<unsigned>(getRegisteredTests().size()) -
+                                 p->numTestsPassingFilters;
+                DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), "%6d skipped", numSkipped);
+                DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, numSkipped == 0 ? Color::None : Color::Yellow);
+            }
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("\n", Color::None);
+
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), "assertions: %6d", p->numAssertions);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), " | ");
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), "%6d passed",
+                             p->numAssertions - p->numFailedAssertions);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(
+                    buff, (p->numAssertions == 0 || anythingFailed) ? Color::None : Color::Green);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), " | ");
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), "%6d failed", p->numFailedAssertions);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, p->numFailedAssertions > 0 ? Color::Red : Color::None);
+
+            DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(buff, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(buff), " |\n");
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(buff, Color::None);
+
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("Status: ", Color::None);
+            const char* result = (p->numFailed > 0) ? "FAILURE!\n" : "SUCCESS!\n";
+            DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(result, p->numFailed > 0 ? Color::Red : Color::Green);
+        }
+
+        // remove any coloring
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("", Color::None);
+    }
+} // namespace detail
+
+bool isRunningInTest() { return detail::contextState != 0; }
+
+Context::Context(int argc, const char* const* argv)
+        : p(new detail::ContextState) {
+    parseArgs(argc, argv, true);
+}
+
+Context::~Context() { delete p; }
+
+void Context::applyCommandLine(int argc, const char* const* argv) { parseArgs(argc, argv); }
+
+// parses args
+void Context::parseArgs(int argc, const char* const* argv, bool withDefaults) {
+    using namespace detail;
+
+    // clang-format off
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-source-file=",        p->filters[0]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-sf=",                 p->filters[0]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-source-file-exclude=",p->filters[1]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-sfe=",                p->filters[1]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-test-suite=",         p->filters[2]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-ts=",                 p->filters[2]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-test-suite-exclude=", p->filters[3]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-tse=",                p->filters[3]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-test-case=",          p->filters[4]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-tc=",                 p->filters[4]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-test-case-exclude=",  p->filters[5]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-tce=",                p->filters[5]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-subcase=",            p->filters[6]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-sc=",                 p->filters[6]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-subcase-exclude=",    p->filters[7]);
+    parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "dt-sce=",                p->filters[7]);
+    // clang-format on
+
+    int    intRes = 0;
+    String strRes;
+
+#define DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(name, sname, var, default)                                   \
+    if(parseIntOption(argc, argv, DOCTEST_STR_CONCAT_TOSTR(name, =), option_bool, intRes) ||       \
+       parseIntOption(argc, argv, DOCTEST_STR_CONCAT_TOSTR(sname, =), option_bool, intRes))        \
+        p->var = !!intRes;                                                                         \
+    else if(parseFlag(argc, argv, #name) || parseFlag(argc, argv, #sname))                         \
+        p->var = true;                                                                             \
+    else if(withDefaults)                                                                          \
+    p->var = default
+
+#define DOCTEST_PARSE_INT_OPTION(name, sname, var, default)                                        \
+    if(parseIntOption(argc, argv, DOCTEST_STR_CONCAT_TOSTR(name, =), option_int, intRes) ||        \
+       parseIntOption(argc, argv, DOCTEST_STR_CONCAT_TOSTR(sname, =), option_int, intRes))         \
+        p->var = intRes;                                                                           \
+    else if(withDefaults)                                                                          \
+    p->var = default
+
+#define DOCTEST_PARSE_STR_OPTION(name, sname, var, default)                                        \
+    if(parseOption(argc, argv, DOCTEST_STR_CONCAT_TOSTR(name, =), strRes, default) ||              \
+       parseOption(argc, argv, DOCTEST_STR_CONCAT_TOSTR(sname, =), strRes, default) ||             \
+       withDefaults)                                                                               \
+    p->var = strRes
+
+    // clang-format off
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_STR_OPTION(dt-order-by, dt-ob, order_by, "file");
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_INT_OPTION(dt-rand-seed, dt-rs, rand_seed, 0);
+
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_INT_OPTION(dt-first, dt-f, first, 1);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_INT_OPTION(dt-last, dt-l, last, 0);
+
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_INT_OPTION(dt-abort-after, dt-aa, abort_after, 0);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_INT_OPTION(dt-subcase-filter-levels, dt-scfl, subcase_filter_levels, 2000000000);
+
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-success, dt-s, success, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-case-sensitive, dt-cs, case_sensitive, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-exit, dt-e, exit, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-duration, dt-d, duration, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-throw, dt-nt, no_throw, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-exitcode, dt-ne, no_exitcode, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-run, dt-nr, no_run, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-version, dt-nv, no_version, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-colors, dt-nc, no_colors, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-force-colors, dt-fc, force_colors, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-breaks, dt-nb, no_breaks, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-skip, dt-ns, no_skip, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-path-filenames, dt-npf, no_path_in_filenames, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-line-numbers, dt-nln, no_line_numbers, false);
+    DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG(dt-no-skipped-summary, dt-nss, no_skipped_summary, false);
+// clang-format on
+
+#undef DOCTEST_PARSE_STR_OPTION
+#undef DOCTEST_PARSE_INT_OPTION
+#undef DOCTEST_PARSE_AS_BOOL_OR_FLAG
+
+    if(withDefaults) {
+        p->help             = false;
+        p->version          = false;
+        p->count            = false;
+        p->list_test_cases  = false;
+        p->list_test_suites = false;
+    }
+    if(parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-help") || parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-h") ||
+       parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-?")) {
+        p->help = true;
+        p->exit = true;
+    }
+    if(parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-version") || parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-v")) {
+        p->version = true;
+        p->exit    = true;
+    }
+    if(parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-count") || parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-c")) {
+        p->count = true;
+        p->exit  = true;
+    }
+    if(parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-list-test-cases") || parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-ltc")) {
+        p->list_test_cases = true;
+        p->exit            = true;
+    }
+    if(parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-list-test-suites") || parseFlag(argc, argv, "dt-lts")) {
+        p->list_test_suites = true;
+        p->exit             = true;
+    }
+}
+
+// allows the user to add procedurally to the filters from the command line
+void Context::addFilter(const char* filter, const char* value) { setOption(filter, value); }
+
+// allows the user to clear all filters from the command line
+void Context::clearFilters() {
+    for(unsigned i = 0; i < p->filters.size(); ++i)
+        p->filters[i].clear();
+}
+
+// allows the user to override procedurally the int/bool options from the command line
+void Context::setOption(const char* option, int value) {
+    setOption(option, toString(value).c_str());
+}
+
+// allows the user to override procedurally the string options from the command line
+void Context::setOption(const char* option, const char* value) {
+    String      argv   = String("-") + option + "=" + value;
+    const char* lvalue = argv.c_str();
+    parseArgs(1, &lvalue);
+}
+
+// users should query this in their main() and exit the program if true
+bool Context::shouldExit() { return p->exit; }
+
+// the main function that does all the filtering and test running
+int Context::run() {
+    using namespace detail;
+
+    Color::init();
+
+    contextState = p;
+    p->resetRunData();
+
+    // handle version, help and no_run
+    if(p->no_run || p->version || p->help) {
+        if(p->version)
+            printVersion();
+        if(p->help)
+            printHelp();
+
+        contextState = 0;
+
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    printVersion();
+    DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+    std::printf("run with \"--help\" for options\n");
+
+    unsigned i = 0; // counter used for loops - here for VC6
+
+    std::set<TestCase>& registeredTests = getRegisteredTests();
+
+    std::vector<const TestCase*> testArray;
+    for(std::set<TestCase>::iterator it = registeredTests.begin(); it != registeredTests.end();
+        ++it)
+        testArray.push_back(&(*it));
+
+    // sort the collected records
+    if(!testArray.empty()) {
+        if(p->order_by.compare("file", true) == 0) {
+            std::qsort(&testArray[0], testArray.size(), sizeof(TestCase*), fileOrderComparator);
+        } else if(p->order_by.compare("suite", true) == 0) {
+            std::qsort(&testArray[0], testArray.size(), sizeof(TestCase*), suiteOrderComparator);
+        } else if(p->order_by.compare("name", true) == 0) {
+            std::qsort(&testArray[0], testArray.size(), sizeof(TestCase*), nameOrderComparator);
+        } else if(p->order_by.compare("rand", true) == 0) {
+            std::srand(p->rand_seed);
+
+            // random_shuffle implementation
+            const TestCase** first = &testArray[0];
+            for(i = testArray.size() - 1; i > 0; --i) {
+                int idxToSwap = std::rand() % (i + 1); // NOLINT
+
+                const TestCase* temp = first[i];
+
+                first[i]         = first[idxToSwap];
+                first[idxToSwap] = temp;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(p->list_test_cases) {
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("listing all test case names\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(getSeparator(), Color::Yellow);
+    }
+
+    std::set<String> testSuitesPassingFilters;
+    if(p->list_test_suites) {
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("[doctest] ", Color::Cyan);
+        std::printf("listing all test suites\n");
+        DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(getSeparator(), Color::Yellow);
+    }
+
+    // invoke the registered functions if they match the filter criteria (or just count them)
+    for(i = 0; i < testArray.size(); i++) {
+        const TestCase& data = *testArray[i];
+
+        if(data.m_skip && !p->no_skip)
+            continue;
+
+        if(!matchesAny(data.m_file, p->filters[0], 1, p->case_sensitive))
+            continue;
+        if(matchesAny(data.m_file, p->filters[1], 0, p->case_sensitive))
+            continue;
+        if(!matchesAny(data.m_test_suite, p->filters[2], 1, p->case_sensitive))
+            continue;
+        if(matchesAny(data.m_test_suite, p->filters[3], 0, p->case_sensitive))
+            continue;
+        if(!matchesAny(data.m_name, p->filters[4], 1, p->case_sensitive))
+            continue;
+        if(matchesAny(data.m_name, p->filters[5], 0, p->case_sensitive))
+            continue;
+
+        p->numTestsPassingFilters++;
+
+        // do not execute the test if we are to only count the number of filter passing tests
+        if(p->count)
+            continue;
+
+        // print the name of the test and don't execute it
+        if(p->list_test_cases) {
+            std::printf("%s\n", data.m_name);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // print the name of the test suite if not done already and don't execute it
+        if(p->list_test_suites) {
+            if((testSuitesPassingFilters.count(data.m_test_suite) == 0) &&
+               data.m_test_suite[0] != '\0') {
+                std::printf("%s\n", data.m_test_suite);
+                testSuitesPassingFilters.insert(data.m_test_suite);
+                p->numTestSuitesPassingFilters++;
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // skip the test if it is not in the execution range
+        if((p->last < p->numTestsPassingFilters && p->first <= p->last) ||
+           (p->first > p->numTestsPassingFilters))
+            continue;
+
+        // execute the test if it passes all the filtering
+        {
+            p->currentTest = &data;
+
+            bool failed                              = false;
+            p->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart             = false;
+            p->numFailedAssertionsForCurrentTestcase = 0;
+            p->subcasesPassed.clear();
+            double duration = 0;
+            Timer  timer;
+            timer.start();
+            do {
+                // if the start has been logged from a previous iteration of this loop
+                if(p->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart)
+                    logTestEnd();
+                p->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart = false;
+
+                // if logging successful tests - force the start log
+                if(p->success)
+                    DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+
+                // reset the assertion state
+                p->numAssertionsForCurrentTestcase = 0;
+                p->hasCurrentTestFailed            = false;
+
+                // reset some of the fields for subcases (except for the set of fully passed ones)
+                p->subcasesHasSkipped   = false;
+                p->subcasesCurrentLevel = 0;
+                p->subcasesEnteredLevels.clear();
+
+                // reset stuff for logging with INFO()
+                p->exceptionalContexts.clear();
+
+// execute the test
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                try {
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                    FatalConditionHandler fatalConditionHandler; // Handle signals
+                    data.m_test();
+                    fatalConditionHandler.reset();
+                    if(contextState->hasCurrentTestFailed)
+                        failed = true;
+#ifndef DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+                } catch(const TestFailureException&) { failed = true; } catch(...) {
+                    DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+                    logTestException(translateActiveException());
+                    failed = true;
+                }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+
+                p->numAssertions += p->numAssertionsForCurrentTestcase;
+
+                // exit this loop if enough assertions have failed
+                if(p->abort_after > 0 && p->numFailedAssertions >= p->abort_after) {
+                    p->subcasesHasSkipped = false;
+                    DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("Aborting - too many failed asserts!\n", Color::Red);
+                }
+
+            } while(p->subcasesHasSkipped == true);
+
+            duration = timer.getElapsedSeconds();
+
+            if(Approx(p->currentTest->m_timeout).epsilon(DBL_EPSILON) != 0 &&
+               Approx(duration).epsilon(DBL_EPSILON) > p->currentTest->m_timeout) {
+                failed = true;
+                DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+                char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+                DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg),
+                                 "Test case exceeded time limit of %.6f!\n",
+                                 p->currentTest->m_timeout);
+                DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg, Color::Red);
+            }
+
+            if(p->duration) {
+                char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+                DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg), "%.6f s: %s\n", duration,
+                                 p->currentTest->m_name);
+                DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg, Color::None);
+            }
+
+            if(data.m_should_fail) {
+                DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+                if(failed) {
+                    failed = false;
+                    DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("Failed as expected so marking it as not failed\n",
+                                           Color::Yellow);
+                } else {
+                    failed = true;
+                    DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("Should have failed but didn't! Marking it as failed!\n",
+                                           Color::Red);
+                }
+            } else if(failed && data.m_may_fail) {
+                DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+                failed = false;
+                DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED("Allowed to fail so marking it as not failed\n",
+                                       Color::Yellow);
+            } else if(data.m_expected_failures > 0) {
+                DOCTEST_LOG_START();
+                char msg[DOCTEST_SNPRINTF_BUFFER_LENGTH];
+                if(p->numFailedAssertionsForCurrentTestcase == data.m_expected_failures) {
+                    failed = false;
+                    DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(
+                            msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg),
+                            "Failed exactly %d times as expected so marking it as not failed!\n",
+                            data.m_expected_failures);
+                    DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg, Color::Yellow);
+                } else {
+                    failed = true;
+                    DOCTEST_SNPRINTF(msg, DOCTEST_COUNTOF(msg),
+                                     "Didn't fail exactly %d times so marking it as failed!\n",
+                                     data.m_expected_failures);
+                    DOCTEST_PRINTF_COLORED(msg, Color::Red);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(p->hasLoggedCurrentTestStart)
+                logTestEnd();
+
+            if(failed) // if any subcase has failed - the whole test case has failed
+                p->numFailed++;
+
+            // stop executing tests if enough assertions have failed
+            if(p->abort_after > 0 && p->numFailedAssertions >= p->abort_after)
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    printSummary();
+
+    contextState = 0;
+
+    if(p->numFailed && !p->no_exitcode)
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+} // namespace doctest
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_DISABLE
+
+#ifdef DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT_WITH_MAIN
+int main(int argc, char** argv) { return doctest::Context(argc, argv).run(); }
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT_WITH_MAIN
+
+#endif // DOCTEST_LIBRARY_IMPLEMENTATION
+#endif // DOCTEST_CONFIG_IMPLEMENT
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif // > gcc 4.6
+#endif // __GNUC__
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif // _MSC_VER
diff --git a/tools/include/nonius.h++ b/tools/include/nonius.h++
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2fb3758dd800
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/nonius.h++
@@ -0,0 +1,4292 @@
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014 by Martinho Fernandes <martinho.fernandes@gmail.com>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// This file was automatically generated on 2017-07-26T10:25:52.043838Z
+// Do not edit it directly
+
+#ifndef NONIUS_SINGLE_INCLUDE_HPP
+#define NONIUS_SINGLE_INCLUDE_HPP
+
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Single header root
+
+// #included from: nonius.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Main header
+
+#ifndef NONIUS_HPP
+#define NONIUS_HPP
+
+// #included from: clock.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Clocks
+
+#define NONIUS_CLOCK_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/compiler.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Compiler detection macros
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_COMPILER_HPP
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#   define NONIUS_CLANG (__clang_major__ * 10000 + __clang_minor__ * 100 + __clang_patchlevel__)
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#   define NONIUS_GCC   (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#   define NONIUS_MSVC  _MSC_VER
+#endif
+
+// MSVC <chrono> is borken and had little to no testing done before shipping (Dev14/VS15 CTP fixes it)
+#if defined(NONIUS_MSVC) && NONIUS_MSVC < 1900
+#   ifndef NONIUS_USE_BOOST_CHRONO
+#       define NONIUS_USE_BOOST_CHRONO
+#   endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef NONIUS_USE_BOOST_CHRONO
+#   include <boost/chrono.hpp>
+#else
+#   include <chrono>
+#   include <ratio>
+#endif
+
+namespace nonius {
+#ifdef NONIUS_USE_BOOST_CHRONO
+    namespace chrono = boost::chrono;
+    template <unsigned Num, unsigned Den = 1>
+    using ratio = boost::ratio<Num, Den>;
+#else
+    namespace chrono = std::chrono;
+    template <unsigned Num, unsigned Den = 1>
+    using ratio = std::ratio<Num, Den>;
+#endif
+    using milli = ratio<1,       1000>;
+    using micro = ratio<1,    1000000>;
+    using nano  = ratio<1, 1000000000>;
+
+    template <typename Clock>
+    using Duration = typename Clock::duration;
+    template <typename Clock>
+    using FloatDuration = chrono::duration<double, typename Clock::period>;
+
+    template <typename Clock>
+    using TimePoint = typename Clock::time_point;
+
+    using default_clock = chrono::high_resolution_clock;
+
+    template <typename Clock>
+    struct now {
+        TimePoint<Clock> operator()() const {
+            return Clock::now();
+        }
+    };
+
+    using fp_seconds = chrono::duration<double, ratio<1>>;
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: benchmark.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Benchmark
+
+#define NONIUS_BENCHMARK_HPP
+
+// #included from: configuration.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Run configuration
+
+#define NONIUS_CONFIGURATION_HPP
+
+// #included from: param.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014 by Martinho Fernandes <martinho.fernandes@gmail.com>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// User-facing param
+
+#define NONIUS_PARAM_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/meta.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014 by Martinho Fernandes <martinho.fernandes@gmail.com>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Invoke with a special case for void
+
+#define NONIUS_META_HPP
+
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename> struct true_given : std::true_type {};
+        struct is_callable_tester {
+            template <typename Fun, typename... Args>
+            true_given<decltype(std::declval<Fun>()(std::declval<Args>()...))> static test(int);
+            template <typename...>
+            std::false_type static test(...);
+        };
+        template <typename T>
+        struct is_callable;
+        template <typename Fun, typename... Args>
+        struct is_callable<Fun(Args...)> : decltype(is_callable_tester::test<Fun, Args...>(0)) {};
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: detail/noexcept.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Cross-compiler noexcept support
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_NOEXCEPT_HPP
+
+#if defined(NONIUS_MSVC) && NONIUS_MSVC < 1900
+#   define NONIUS_NOEXCEPT
+#else
+#   define NONIUS_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#endif
+
+#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace nonius {
+
+struct param_bad_operation : std::exception {
+    char const* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+        return "operation not supported for this parameter type";
+    }
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+struct eq_fn {
+    template <typename T>
+    auto operator() (T x, T y) -> decltype(x == y) { return x == y; }
+};
+
+struct plus_fn {
+    template <typename T>
+    auto operator() (T x, T y) -> decltype(x + y) { return x + y; }
+};
+
+struct mult_fn {
+    template <typename T>
+    auto operator() (T x, T y) -> decltype(x * y) { return x * y; }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+class param {
+    struct interface {
+        virtual ~interface() = default;
+        virtual std::istream& pull(std::istream&) = 0;
+        virtual std::ostream& push(std::ostream&) const = 0;
+        virtual bool eq(param const&) const = 0;
+        virtual param plus(param const&) const = 0;
+        virtual param mult(param const&) const = 0;
+        virtual param clone() const = 0;
+    };
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct model : interface {
+        T value;
+
+        model(T v) : value(std::move(v)) {}
+        std::istream& pull(std::istream& is) override { is >> value; return is; }
+        std::ostream& push(std::ostream& os) const override { os << value; return os; }
+        bool eq(param const& y) const override { return operate<bool>(detail::eq_fn{}, value, y.as<T>()); }
+        param plus(param const& y) const override { return operate<T>(detail::plus_fn{}, value, y.as<T>()); }
+        param mult(param const& y) const override { return operate<T>(detail::mult_fn{}, value, y.as<T>()); }
+        param clone() const override { return value; }
+
+        template <typename R, typename Op, typename ...Args>
+        auto operate(Op&& op, Args&& ...xs) const
+            -> typename std::enable_if<detail::is_callable<Op&&(Args&&...)>::value, R>::type {
+            return std::forward<Op>(op)(std::forward<Args>(xs)...);
+        }
+
+        template <typename R, typename Op, typename ...Args>
+        auto operate(Op&&, Args&&...) const
+            -> typename std::enable_if<!detail::is_callable<Op&&(Args&&...)>::value, R>::type {
+            throw param_bad_operation{};
+        }
+    };
+
+public:
+    template <typename T,
+              typename std::enable_if<!std::is_base_of<param, typename std::decay<T>::type>::value, int>::type = 0>
+    param(T&& v)
+        : impl_(new model<typename std::decay<T>::type>{std::forward<T>(v)}) {}
+
+    template <typename T>
+    const T& as() const& { return dynamic_cast<model<T> const&>(*impl_).value; }
+
+    friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, param& x) { x.writable_(); return x.impl_->pull(is); }
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const param& x) { return x.impl_->push(os); }
+    friend param operator+(const param& x, const param& y) { return x.impl_->plus(y); }
+    friend param operator*(const param& x, const param& y) { return x.impl_->mult(y); }
+    friend bool operator==(const param& x, const param& y) { return x.impl_->eq(y); }
+
+    param parse(std::string const& s) const {
+        auto ss = std::stringstream{s};
+        auto cpy = *this;
+        ss.exceptions(std::ios::failbit);
+        ss >> cpy;
+        return cpy;
+    }
+
+private:
+    void writable_() {
+        if (impl_.use_count() > 1) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<interface> impl_;
+};
+
+struct parameters : std::unordered_map<std::string, param> {
+    using base_t = std::unordered_map<std::string, param>;
+    using base_t::base_t;
+
+    template <typename Tag>
+    auto get() const -> typename Tag::type {
+        return at(Tag::name()).template as<typename Tag::type>();
+    }
+
+    parameters merged(parameters m) const& {
+        m.insert(begin(), end());
+        return m;
+    }
+    parameters merged(parameters m) && {
+        m.insert(std::make_move_iterator(begin()), std::make_move_iterator(end()));
+        return m;
+    }
+
+    friend std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& os, const parameters& m) {
+        for(auto&& p : m) os << "  " << p.first << " = " << p.second << "\n";
+        return os;
+    }
+};
+
+struct param_registry {
+    parameters const& defaults() const { return defaults_; }
+    void add(std::string name, param v) { defaults_.emplace(name, v); }
+    void remove(std::string name) { defaults_.erase(name); }
+
+private:
+    parameters defaults_;
+};
+
+inline param_registry& global_param_registry() {
+    static param_registry instance;
+    return instance;
+}
+
+template <typename Tag>
+struct param_declaration {
+    using type = typename Tag::type;
+    param_registry& registry;
+
+    param_declaration(type v, param_registry& r = global_param_registry())
+        : registry{r}
+    {
+        r.add(Tag::name(), param{type{v}});
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename Tag>
+struct scoped_param_declaration : param_declaration<Tag> {
+    using param_declaration<Tag>::param_declaration;
+
+    ~scoped_param_declaration() {
+        this->registry.remove(Tag::name());
+    }
+};
+
+} /* namespace nonius */
+
+#define NONIUS_PARAM(name_, ...)                                        \
+    namespace {                                                         \
+    struct name_ {                                                      \
+        using type = decltype(__VA_ARGS__);                             \
+        static const char* name() { return #name_; }                    \
+    };                                                                  \
+    static auto NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME(param_declaration) =          \
+                   ::nonius::param_declaration<name_>{ (__VA_ARGS__) }; \
+    }                                                                   \
+    //
+
+#include <boost/optional.hpp>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    struct run_configuration {
+        std::string name;
+        std::string op;
+        param init;
+        param step;
+        std::size_t count;
+    };
+
+    struct param_configuration {
+        parameters map;
+        boost::optional<run_configuration> run;
+    };
+
+    struct configuration {
+    public:
+        int samples = 100;
+        double confidence_interval = 0.95;
+        int resamples = 100000;
+        std::string title = "benchmarks";
+        std::string output_file;
+        std::string reporter;
+        std::string filter_pattern = ".*";
+        bool list_benchmarks = false;
+        bool list_params = false;
+        bool list_reporters = false;
+        bool no_analysis = false;
+        bool verbose = false;
+        bool summary = false;
+        bool help = false;
+        param_configuration params;
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: environment.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Environment information
+
+#define NONIUS_ENVIRONMENT_HPP
+
+// #included from: outlier_classification.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Outlier information
+
+#define NONIUS_OUTLIERS_HPP
+
+namespace nonius {
+    struct outlier_classification {
+        int samples_seen = 0;
+        int low_severe = 0;     // more than 3 times IQR below Q1
+        int low_mild = 0;       // 1.5 to 3 times IQR below Q1
+        int high_mild = 0;      // 1.5 to 3 times IQR above Q3
+        int high_severe = 0;    // more than 3 times IQR above Q3
+
+        int total() const {
+            return low_severe + low_mild + high_mild + high_severe;
+        }
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+namespace nonius {
+    template <typename Duration>
+    struct environment_estimate {
+        Duration mean;
+        outlier_classification outliers;
+
+        template <typename Duration2>
+        operator environment_estimate<Duration2>() const {
+            return { mean, outliers };
+        }
+    };
+    template <typename Clock>
+    struct environment {
+        using clock_type = Clock;
+        environment_estimate<FloatDuration<Clock>> clock_resolution;
+        environment_estimate<FloatDuration<Clock>> clock_cost;
+        //estimate function_cost;
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: execution_plan.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Execution plan
+
+#define NONIUS_EXECUTION_PLAN_HPP
+
+// #included from: optimizer.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2016 by Martinho Fernandes <rmf@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Hinting the optimizer
+
+#define NONIUS_OPTIMIZER_HPP
+
+#if defined(NONIUS_MSVC)
+#   include <atomic> // atomic_thread_fence
+#endif
+
+namespace nonius {
+#if defined(NONIUS_GCC) || defined(NONIUS_CLANG)
+    template <typename T>
+    inline void keep_memory(T* p) {
+        asm volatile("" : : "g"(p) : "memory");
+    }
+    inline void keep_memory() {
+        asm volatile("" : : : "memory");
+    }
+
+    namespace detail {
+        inline void optimizer_barrier() { keep_memory(); }
+    } // namespace detail
+#elif defined(NONIUS_MSVC)
+
+#pragma optimize("", off)
+    template <typename T>
+    inline void keep_memory(T* p) {
+        // thanks @milleniumbug
+    }
+    // TODO equivalent keep_memory()
+#pragma optimize("", on)
+
+    namespace detail {
+        inline void optimizer_barrier() {
+            std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+
+#endif
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: detail/benchmark_function.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Dumb std::function implementation for consistent call overhead
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_BENCHMARK_FUNCTION_HPP
+
+// #included from: chronometer.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// User-facing chronometer
+
+#define NONIUS_CHRONOMETER_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/complete_invoke.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Invoke with a special case for void
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_COMPLETE_INVOKE_HPP
+
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename T>
+        struct complete_type { using type = T; };
+        template <>
+        struct complete_type<void> { struct type {}; };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        using CompleteType = typename complete_type<T>::type;
+
+        template <typename Result>
+        struct complete_invoker {
+            template <typename Fun, typename... Args>
+            static Result invoke(Fun&& fun, Args&&... args) {
+                return std::forward<Fun>(fun)(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+            }
+        };
+        template <>
+        struct complete_invoker<void> {
+            template <typename Fun, typename... Args>
+            static CompleteType<void> invoke(Fun&& fun, Args&&... args) {
+                std::forward<Fun>(fun)(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+                return {};
+            }
+        };
+        template <typename Sig>
+        using ResultOf = typename std::result_of<Sig>::type;
+
+        // invoke and not return void :(
+        template <typename Fun, typename... Args>
+        CompleteType<ResultOf<Fun(Args...)>> complete_invoke(Fun&& fun, Args&&... args) {
+            return complete_invoker<ResultOf<Fun(Args...)>>::invoke(std::forward<Fun>(fun), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        struct chronometer_concept {
+            virtual void start() = 0;
+            virtual void finish() = 0;
+            virtual ~chronometer_concept() = default;
+        };
+        template <typename Clock>
+        struct chronometer_model final : public chronometer_concept {
+            void start() override { started = Clock::now(); }
+            void finish() override { finished = Clock::now(); }
+
+            Duration<Clock> elapsed() const { return finished - started; }
+
+            TimePoint<Clock> started;
+            TimePoint<Clock> finished;
+        };
+    } // namespace detail
+
+    struct chronometer {
+    public:
+        template <typename Fun>
+        void measure(Fun&& fun) { measure(std::forward<Fun>(fun), detail::is_callable<Fun(int)>()); }
+
+        int runs() const { return k; }
+
+        chronometer(detail::chronometer_concept& meter, int k, const parameters& p)
+            : impl(&meter)
+            , k(k)
+            , params(&p)
+        {}
+
+        template <typename Tag>
+        auto param() const -> typename Tag::type {
+            return params->get<Tag>();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        template <typename Fun>
+        void measure(Fun&& fun, std::false_type) {
+            measure([&fun](int) { fun(); });
+        }
+        template <typename Fun>
+        void measure(Fun&& fun, std::true_type) {
+            impl->start();
+            for(int i = 0; i < k; ++i) fun(i);
+            impl->finish();
+        }
+
+        detail::chronometer_concept* impl;
+        int k;
+        const parameters* params;
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename T>
+        using Decay = typename std::decay<T>::type;
+        template <typename T, typename U>
+        struct is_related
+        : std::is_same<Decay<T>, Decay<U>> {};
+
+        /// We need to reinvent std::function because every piece of code that might add overhead
+        /// in a measurement context needs to have consistent performance characteristics so that we
+        /// can account for it in the measurement.
+        /// Implementations of std::function with optimizations that aren't always applicable, like
+        /// small buffer optimizations, are not uncommon.
+        /// This is effectively an implementation of std::function without any such optimizations;
+        /// it may be slow, but it is consistently slow.
+        struct benchmark_function {
+        private:
+            struct concept {
+                virtual benchmark_function call(parameters params) const = 0;
+                virtual void call(chronometer meter) const = 0;
+                virtual concept* clone() const = 0;
+                virtual ~concept() = default;
+            };
+            template <typename Fun>
+            struct model : public concept {
+                model(Fun&& fun) : fun(std::move(fun)) {}
+                model(Fun const& fun) : fun(fun) {}
+
+                model<Fun>* clone() const override { return new model<Fun>(*this); }
+
+                benchmark_function call(parameters params) const override {
+                    return call(params, is_callable<Fun(parameters)>());
+                }
+                benchmark_function call(parameters params, std::true_type) const {
+                    return fun(params);
+                }
+                benchmark_function call(parameters, std::false_type) const {
+                    return this->clone();
+                }
+
+                void call(chronometer meter) const override {
+                    call(meter, is_callable<Fun(chronometer)>(), is_callable<Fun(parameters)>());
+                }
+                void call(chronometer meter, std::true_type, std::false_type) const {
+                    fun(meter);
+                }
+                void call(chronometer meter, std::false_type, std::false_type) const {
+                    meter.measure(fun);
+                }
+                template <typename T>
+                void call(chronometer, T, std::true_type) const {
+                    // the function should be prepared first
+                    assert(false);
+                }
+
+                Fun fun;
+            };
+
+            struct do_nothing { void operator()() const {} };
+
+            template <typename T>
+            benchmark_function(model<T>* c) : f(c) {}
+
+        public:
+            benchmark_function()
+            : f(new model<do_nothing>{{}})
+            {}
+
+            template <typename Fun,
+                      typename std::enable_if<!is_related<Fun, benchmark_function>::value, int>::type = 0>
+            benchmark_function(Fun&& fun)
+            : f(new model<typename std::decay<Fun>::type>(std::forward<Fun>(fun))) {}
+
+            benchmark_function(benchmark_function&& that)
+            : f(std::move(that.f)) {}
+
+            benchmark_function(benchmark_function const& that)
+            : f(that.f->clone()) {}
+
+            benchmark_function& operator=(benchmark_function&& that) {
+                f = std::move(that.f);
+                return *this;
+            }
+
+            benchmark_function& operator=(benchmark_function const& that) {
+                f.reset(that.f->clone());
+                return *this;
+            }
+
+            benchmark_function operator()(parameters params) const { return f->call(params); }
+            void operator()(chronometer meter) const { f->call(meter); }
+        private:
+            std::unique_ptr<concept> f;
+        };
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: detail/repeat.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// repeat algorithm
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_REPEAT_HPP
+
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename Fun>
+        struct repeater {
+            void operator()(int k) const {
+                for(int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
+                    fun();
+                }
+            }
+            Fun fun;
+        };
+        template <typename Fun>
+        repeater<typename std::decay<Fun>::type> repeat(Fun&& fun) {
+            return { std::forward<Fun>(fun) };
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: detail/run_for_at_least.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Run a function for a minimum amount of time
+
+#define NONIUS_RUN_FOR_AT_LEAST_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/measure.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Measure
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_MEASURE_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/timing.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Timing
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_TIMING_HPP
+
+#include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    template <typename Duration, typename Result>
+    struct timing {
+        Duration elapsed;
+        Result result;
+        int iterations;
+    };
+    template <typename Clock, typename Sig>
+    using TimingOf = timing<Duration<Clock>, detail::CompleteType<detail::ResultOf<Sig>>>;
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename Clock, typename Fun, typename... Args>
+        TimingOf<Clock, Fun(Args...)> measure(Fun&& fun, Args&&... args) {
+            auto start = Clock::now();
+            auto&& r = detail::complete_invoke(fun, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+            auto end = Clock::now();
+            auto delta = end - start;
+            return { delta, std::forward<decltype(r)>(r), 1 };
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <utility>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename Clock, typename Fun>
+        TimingOf<Clock, Fun(int)> measure_one(Fun&& fun, int iters, const parameters&, std::false_type) {
+            return detail::measure<Clock>(fun, iters);
+        }
+        template <typename Clock, typename Fun>
+        TimingOf<Clock, Fun(chronometer)> measure_one(Fun&& fun, int iters, const parameters& params, std::true_type) {
+            detail::chronometer_model<Clock> meter;
+            auto&& result = detail::complete_invoke(fun, chronometer(meter, iters, params));
+
+            return { meter.elapsed(), std::move(result), iters };
+        }
+
+        template <typename Clock, typename Fun>
+        using run_for_at_least_argument_t = typename std::conditional<detail::is_callable<Fun(chronometer)>::value, chronometer, int>::type;
+
+        struct optimized_away_error : std::exception {
+            const char* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+                return "could not measure benchmark, maybe it was optimized away";
+            }
+        };
+
+        template <typename Clock, typename Fun>
+        TimingOf<Clock, Fun(run_for_at_least_argument_t<Clock, Fun>)> run_for_at_least(const parameters& params, Duration<Clock> how_long, int seed, Fun&& fun) {
+            auto iters = seed;
+            while(iters < (1 << 30)) {
+                auto&& timing = measure_one<Clock>(fun, iters, params, detail::is_callable<Fun(chronometer)>());
+
+                if(timing.elapsed >= how_long) {
+                    return { timing.elapsed, std::move(timing.result), iters };
+                }
+                iters *= 2;
+            }
+            throw optimized_away_error{};
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+namespace nonius {
+    template <typename Duration>
+    struct execution_plan {
+        int iterations_per_sample;
+        Duration estimated_duration;
+        parameters params;
+        detail::benchmark_function benchmark;
+        Duration warmup_time;
+        int warmup_iterations;
+
+        template <typename Duration2>
+        operator execution_plan<Duration2>() const {
+            return { iterations_per_sample, estimated_duration, params, benchmark, warmup_time, warmup_iterations };
+        }
+
+        template <typename Clock>
+        std::vector<FloatDuration<Clock>> run(configuration cfg, environment<FloatDuration<Clock>> env) const {
+            // warmup a bit
+            detail::run_for_at_least<Clock>(params, chrono::duration_cast<nonius::Duration<Clock>>(warmup_time), warmup_iterations, detail::repeat(now<Clock>{}));
+
+            std::vector<FloatDuration<Clock>> times;
+            times.reserve(cfg.samples);
+            std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(times), cfg.samples, [this, env]{
+                    detail::chronometer_model<Clock> model;
+                    detail::optimizer_barrier();
+                    this->benchmark(chronometer(model, iterations_per_sample, params));
+                    detail::optimizer_barrier();
+                    auto sample_time = model.elapsed() - env.clock_cost.mean;
+                    if(sample_time < FloatDuration<Clock>::zero()) sample_time = FloatDuration<Clock>::zero();
+                    return sample_time / iterations_per_sample;
+            });
+            return times;
+        }
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: detail/unique_name.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Unique name generator macro
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME_HPP
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE_CAT(name, id) NONIUS_ ## name ## _ ## id
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE(name, id) NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE_CAT(name, id)
+#ifdef __COUNTER__
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME(name) NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE(name, __COUNTER__)
+#else // __COUNTER__
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME(name) NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME_LINE(name, __LINE__)
+#endif // __COUNTER__
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <functional>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        const auto warmup_iterations = 10000;
+        const auto warmup_time = chrono::milliseconds(100);
+        const auto minimum_ticks = 1000;
+    } // namespace detail
+
+    struct benchmark {
+        benchmark(std::string name, detail::benchmark_function fun)
+        : name(std::move(name)), fun(std::move(fun)) {}
+
+        template <typename Clock>
+        execution_plan<FloatDuration<Clock>> prepare(configuration cfg, parameters params, environment<FloatDuration<Clock>> env) const {
+            auto bench = fun(params);
+            auto min_time = env.clock_resolution.mean * detail::minimum_ticks;
+            auto run_time = std::max(min_time, chrono::duration_cast<decltype(min_time)>(detail::warmup_time));
+            auto&& test = detail::run_for_at_least<Clock>(params, chrono::duration_cast<Duration<Clock>>(run_time), 1, bench);
+            int new_iters = static_cast<int>(std::ceil(min_time * test.iterations / test.elapsed));
+            return { new_iters, test.elapsed / test.iterations * new_iters * cfg.samples, params, bench, chrono::duration_cast<FloatDuration<Clock>>(detail::warmup_time), detail::warmup_iterations };
+        }
+
+        std::string name;
+        detail::benchmark_function fun;
+    };
+
+    using benchmark_registry = std::vector<benchmark>;
+
+    inline benchmark_registry& global_benchmark_registry() {
+        static benchmark_registry registry;
+        return registry;
+    }
+
+    struct benchmark_registrar {
+        template <typename Fun>
+        benchmark_registrar(benchmark_registry& registry, std::string name, Fun&& registrant) {
+            registry.emplace_back(std::move(name), std::forward<Fun>(registrant));
+        }
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#define NONIUS_BENCHMARK(name, ...) \
+    namespace { static ::nonius::benchmark_registrar NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME(benchmark_registrar) (::nonius::global_benchmark_registry(), name, __VA_ARGS__); }
+
+// #included from: constructor.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Constructor and destructor helpers
+
+#define NONIUS_CONSTRUCTOR_HPP
+
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename T, bool Destruct>
+        struct object_storage
+        {
+            typedef typename std::aligned_storage<sizeof(T), std::alignment_of<T>::value>::type TStorage;
+
+            object_storage() : data() {}
+
+            object_storage(const object_storage& other)
+            {
+                new(&data) T(other.stored_object());
+            }
+
+            object_storage(object_storage&& other)
+            {
+                new(&data) T(std::move(other.stored_object()));
+            }
+
+            ~object_storage() { destruct_on_exit<T>(); }
+
+            template <typename... Args>
+            void construct(Args&&... args)
+            {
+                new (&data) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+            }
+
+            template <bool AllowManualDestruction = !Destruct>
+            typename std::enable_if<AllowManualDestruction>::type destruct()
+            {
+                stored_object().~T();
+            }
+
+        private:
+            // If this is a constructor benchmark, destruct the underlying object
+            template <typename U>
+            void destruct_on_exit(typename std::enable_if<Destruct, U>::type* = 0) { destruct<true>(); }
+            // Otherwise, don't
+            template <typename U>
+            void destruct_on_exit(typename std::enable_if<!Destruct, U>::type* = 0) { }
+
+            T& stored_object()
+            {
+                return *static_cast<T*>(static_cast<void*>(&data));
+            }
+
+            TStorage data;
+        };
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    using storage_for = detail::object_storage<T, true>;
+
+    template <typename T>
+    using destructable_object = detail::object_storage<T, false>;
+}
+
+// #included from: go.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Runner entry point
+
+#define NONIUS_GO_HPP
+
+// #included from: reporter.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Reporter interface
+
+#define NONIUS_REPORTER_HPP
+
+// #included from: sample_analysis.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Benchmark results
+
+#define NONIUS_BENCHMARK_RESULTS_HPP
+
+// #included from: estimate.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Statistics estimates
+
+#define NONIUS_ESTIMATE_HPP
+
+namespace nonius {
+    template <typename Duration>
+    struct estimate {
+        Duration point;
+        Duration lower_bound;
+        Duration upper_bound;
+        double confidence_interval;
+
+        template <typename Duration2>
+        operator estimate<Duration2>() const {
+            return { point, lower_bound, upper_bound, confidence_interval };
+        }
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <iterator>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    template <typename Duration>
+    struct sample_analysis {
+        std::vector<Duration> samples;
+        estimate<Duration> mean;
+        estimate<Duration> standard_deviation;
+        outlier_classification outliers;
+        double outlier_variance;
+
+        template <typename Duration2>
+        operator sample_analysis<Duration2>() const {
+            std::vector<Duration2> samples2;
+            samples2.reserve(samples.size());
+            std::transform(samples.begin(), samples.end(), std::back_inserter(samples2), [](Duration d) { return Duration2(d); });
+            return {
+                std::move(samples2),
+                mean,
+                standard_deviation,
+                outliers,
+                outlier_variance,
+            };
+        }
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <ios>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <exception>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    struct bad_stream : virtual std::exception {
+        char const* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+            return "failed to open file";
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct reporter {
+    public:
+        virtual ~reporter() = default;
+
+        void configure(configuration& cfg) {
+            if(cfg.output_file.empty()) {
+                os = [&]() -> std::ostream& { return std::cout; };
+            } else {
+                auto ofs = std::make_shared<std::ofstream>(cfg.output_file);
+                os = [ofs]() -> std::ostream& { return *ofs; };
+            }
+            report_stream().exceptions(std::ios::failbit);
+            if(!report_stream()) throw bad_stream();
+            do_configure(cfg);
+        }
+
+        void warmup_start() {
+            do_warmup_start();
+        }
+        void warmup_end(int iterations) {
+            do_warmup_end(iterations);
+        }
+        void estimate_clock_resolution_start() {
+            do_estimate_clock_resolution_start();
+        }
+        void estimate_clock_resolution_complete(environment_estimate<fp_seconds> estimate) {
+            do_estimate_clock_resolution_complete(estimate);
+        }
+
+        void estimate_clock_cost_start() {
+            do_estimate_clock_cost_start();
+        }
+        void estimate_clock_cost_complete(environment_estimate<fp_seconds> estimate) {
+            do_estimate_clock_cost_complete(estimate);
+        }
+
+        void suite_start() {
+            do_suite_start();
+        }
+        void params_start(parameters const& params) {
+            do_params_start(params);
+        }
+        void benchmark_start(std::string const& name) {
+            do_benchmark_start(name);
+        }
+
+        void measurement_start(execution_plan<fp_seconds> plan) {
+            do_measurement_start(plan);
+        }
+        void measurement_complete(std::vector<fp_seconds> const& samples) {
+            do_measurement_complete(samples);
+        }
+
+        void analysis_start() {
+            do_analysis_start();
+        }
+        void analysis_complete(sample_analysis<fp_seconds> const& analysis) {
+            do_analysis_complete(analysis);
+        }
+
+        void benchmark_failure(std::exception_ptr error) {
+            do_benchmark_failure(error);
+        }
+        void benchmark_complete() {
+            do_benchmark_complete();
+        }
+
+        void params_complete() {
+            do_params_complete();
+        }
+        void suite_complete() {
+            do_suite_complete();
+        }
+
+        virtual std::string description() = 0;
+
+    private:
+        virtual void do_configure(configuration& /*cfg*/) {}
+
+        virtual void do_warmup_start() {}
+        virtual void do_warmup_end(int /*iterations*/) {}
+
+        virtual void do_estimate_clock_resolution_start() {}
+        virtual void do_estimate_clock_resolution_complete(environment_estimate<fp_seconds> /*estimate*/) {}
+
+        virtual void do_estimate_clock_cost_start() {}
+        virtual void do_estimate_clock_cost_complete(environment_estimate<fp_seconds> /*estimate*/) {}
+
+        virtual void do_suite_start() {}
+        virtual void do_params_start(parameters const& /*params*/) {}
+        virtual void do_benchmark_start(std::string const& /*name*/) {}
+
+        virtual void do_measurement_start(execution_plan<fp_seconds> /*plan*/) {}
+        virtual void do_measurement_complete(std::vector<fp_seconds> const& /*samples*/) {}
+
+        virtual void do_analysis_start() {} // TODO make generic?
+        virtual void do_analysis_complete(sample_analysis<fp_seconds> const& /*analysis*/) {}
+
+        virtual void do_benchmark_failure(std::exception_ptr /*error*/) {}
+        virtual void do_benchmark_complete() {}
+        virtual void do_params_complete() {}
+        virtual void do_suite_complete() {}
+
+    protected:
+        std::ostream& progress_stream() {
+            return std::cout;
+        }
+        std::ostream& error_stream() {
+            return std::cerr;
+        }
+        std::ostream& report_stream() {
+            return os();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::function<std::ostream&()> os;
+    };
+
+    using reporter_registry = std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<reporter>>;
+
+    inline reporter_registry& global_reporter_registry() {
+        static reporter_registry registry;
+        return registry;
+    }
+
+    struct reporter_registrar {
+        reporter_registrar(reporter_registry& registry, std::string name, reporter* registrant) {
+            registry.emplace(std::move(name), std::unique_ptr<reporter>(registrant));
+        }
+    };
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#define NONIUS_REPORTER(name, ...) \
+    namespace { static ::nonius::reporter_registrar NONIUS_DETAIL_UNIQUE_NAME(reporter_registrar) (::nonius::global_reporter_registry(), name, new __VA_ARGS__()); } \
+    static_assert(true, "")
+
+// #included from: reporters/standard_reporter.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Standard reporter
+
+#define NONIUS_REPORTERS_STANDARD_REPORTER_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/pretty_print.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Pretty printing routines
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_PRETTY_PRINT_HPP
+
+#include <ratio>
+#include <ios>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        inline double get_magnitude(fp_seconds secs) {
+            if(secs.count() >= 2.e0) {
+                return 1.e0;
+            } else if(secs.count() >= 2.e-3) {
+                return 1.e3;
+            } else if(secs.count() >= 2.e-6) {
+                return 1.e6;
+            } else {
+                return 1.e9;
+            }
+        }
+        inline std::string units_for_magnitude(double magnitude) {
+            if(magnitude <= 1.e0) return "s";
+            else if(magnitude <= 1.e3) return "ms";
+            else if(magnitude <= 1.e6) return "μs";
+            else return "ns";
+        }
+        inline std::string pretty_duration(fp_seconds secs) {
+            auto magnitude = get_magnitude(secs);
+            auto units = units_for_magnitude(magnitude);
+#ifdef NONIUS_MSVC
+            if(units == "μs") units = "us";
+#endif
+            std::ostringstream ss;
+            ss << std::setprecision(ss.precision());
+            ss << (secs.count() * magnitude) << ' ' << units;
+            return ss.str();
+        }
+        inline std::string percentage(double d) {
+            std::ostringstream ss;
+            ss << std::setprecision(3);
+            if(d != 0 && d < 1e-5) {
+                ss << std::fixed;
+                ss << 0.0001 << "%";
+            } else {
+                ss.unsetf(std::ios::floatfield);
+                ss << (100. * d) << "%";
+            }
+            return ss.str();
+        }
+        inline std::string percentage_ratio(double part, double whole) {
+            return percentage(part / whole);
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <ratio>
+#include <ios>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    struct standard_reporter : reporter {
+    private:
+        std::string description() override {
+            return "the standard reporter";
+        }
+
+        void do_configure(configuration& cfg) override {
+            n_samples = cfg.samples;
+            verbose = cfg.verbose;
+            summary = cfg.summary;
+            n_resamples = cfg.resamples;
+            if(!summary && !cfg.params.map.empty()) report_stream() << "parameters\n" << cfg.params.map;
+        }
+
+        void do_warmup_start() override {
+            if(verbose) report_stream() << "warming up\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_resolution_start() override {
+            if(verbose) report_stream() << "estimating clock resolution\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_resolution_complete(environment_estimate<fp_seconds> estimate) override {
+            if(!summary) {
+                if(!verbose) report_stream() << "clock resolution: ";
+                print_environment_estimate(estimate, estimate.outliers.samples_seen + 2);
+            }
+        }
+
+        void do_estimate_clock_cost_start() override {
+            if(verbose) report_stream() << "estimating cost of a clock call\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_cost_complete(environment_estimate<fp_seconds> estimate) override {
+            if(verbose) print_environment_estimate(estimate, estimate.outliers.samples_seen);
+        }
+
+        void do_params_start(parameters const& params) override {
+            if(!summary && !params.empty()) report_stream() << "\n\nnew round for parameters\n" << params;
+        }
+        void do_benchmark_start(std::string const& name) override {
+            report_stream() << '\n';
+            if(!summary) report_stream() << "benchmarking ";
+            report_stream() << name << "\n";
+            current = name;
+        }
+
+        void do_measurement_start(execution_plan<fp_seconds> plan) override {
+            report_stream() << std::setprecision(7);
+            report_stream().unsetf(std::ios::floatfield);
+            if(!summary) report_stream() << "collecting " << n_samples << " samples, " << plan.iterations_per_sample << " iterations each, in estimated " << detail::pretty_duration(plan.estimated_duration) << "\n";
+        }
+        void do_analysis_start() override {
+            if(verbose) report_stream() << "bootstrapping with " << n_resamples << " resamples\n";
+        }
+        void do_benchmark_failure(std::exception_ptr eptr) override {
+            error_stream() << current << " failed to run successfully\n";
+            if(!summary) {
+                try {
+                    std::rethrow_exception(eptr);
+                } catch(std::exception& ex) {
+                    error_stream() << "error: " << ex.what();
+                } catch(...) {
+                    error_stream() << "unknown error";
+                }
+            }
+            report_stream() << "\nbenchmark aborted\n";
+        }
+        void do_analysis_complete(sample_analysis<fp_seconds> const& analysis) override {
+            print_statistic_estimate("mean", analysis.mean);
+            print_statistic_estimate("std dev", analysis.standard_deviation);
+            if(!summary) print_outliers(analysis.outliers);
+            if(verbose) report_stream() << "variance introduced by outliers: " << detail::percentage(analysis.outlier_variance) << "\n";
+            const char* effect;
+            if(analysis.outlier_variance < 0.01) {
+                effect = "unaffected";
+            } else if(analysis.outlier_variance < 0.1) {
+                effect = "slightly inflated";
+            } else if(analysis.outlier_variance < 0.5) {
+                effect = "moderately inflated";
+            } else {
+                effect = "severely inflated";
+            }
+            report_stream() << "variance is " << effect << " by outliers\n";
+        }
+
+        void print_environment_estimate(environment_estimate<fp_seconds> e, int iterations) {
+            report_stream() << std::setprecision(7);
+            report_stream().unsetf(std::ios::floatfield);
+            report_stream() << "mean is " << detail::pretty_duration(e.mean) << " (" << iterations << " iterations)\n";
+            if(verbose) print_outliers(e.outliers);
+        }
+        void print_outlier_count(const char* description, int count, int total) {
+            if(count > 0) report_stream() << "  " << count << " (" << detail::percentage_ratio(count, total) << ") " << description << "\n";
+        }
+        void print_outliers(outlier_classification o) {
+            report_stream() << "found " << o.total() << " outliers among " << o.samples_seen << " samples (" << detail::percentage_ratio(o.total(), o.samples_seen) << ")\n";
+            if(verbose) {
+                print_outlier_count("low severe", o.low_severe, o.samples_seen);
+                print_outlier_count("low mild", o.low_mild, o.samples_seen);
+                print_outlier_count("high mild", o.high_mild, o.samples_seen);
+                print_outlier_count("high severe", o.high_severe, o.samples_seen);
+            }
+        }
+        void print_statistic_estimate(const char* name, estimate<fp_seconds> estimate) {
+            report_stream() << std::setprecision(7);
+            report_stream().unsetf(std::ios::floatfield);
+            report_stream() << name << ": " << detail::pretty_duration(estimate.point);
+            if(!summary) {
+                report_stream() << ", lb " << detail::pretty_duration(estimate.lower_bound)
+                         << ", ub " << detail::pretty_duration(estimate.upper_bound)
+                         << ", ci " << std::setprecision(3) << estimate.confidence_interval;
+            }
+            report_stream() << "\n";
+        }
+
+        int n_samples = 0;
+        int n_resamples = 0;
+        bool verbose = false;
+        bool summary = false;
+
+        std::string current;
+    };
+
+    NONIUS_REPORTER("", standard_reporter);
+    NONIUS_REPORTER("standard", standard_reporter);
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: detail/estimate_clock.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Environment measurement
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_ENVIRONMENT_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/stats.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Statistical analysis tools
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_ANALYSIS_HPP
+
+#include <boost/math/distributions/normal.hpp>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <functional>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <vector>
+#include <array>
+#include <random>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <utility>
+#include <future>
+#include <cstddef>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        using sample = std::vector<double>;
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        double weighted_average_quantile(int k, int q, Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            auto count = last - first;
+            double idx = (count - 1) * k /static_cast<double>(q);
+            int j = static_cast<int>(idx);
+            double g = idx - j;
+            std::nth_element(first, first+j, last);
+            auto xj = first[j];
+            if(g == 0) return xj;
+
+            auto xj1 = *std::min_element(first+(j+1), last);
+            return xj + g * (xj1 - xj);
+        }
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        outlier_classification classify_outliers(Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            std::vector<double> copy(first, last);
+
+            auto q1 = weighted_average_quantile(1, 4, copy.begin(), copy.end());
+            auto q3 = weighted_average_quantile(3, 4, copy.begin(), copy.end());
+            auto iqr = q3 - q1;
+            auto los = q1 - (iqr * 3.);
+            auto lom = q1 - (iqr * 1.5);
+            auto him = q3 + (iqr * 1.5);
+            auto his = q3 + (iqr * 3.);
+
+            outlier_classification o;
+            for(; first != last; ++first) {
+                auto&& t = *first;
+                if(t < los) ++o.low_severe;
+                else if(t < lom) ++o.low_mild;
+                else if(t > his) ++o.high_severe;
+                else if(t > him) ++o.high_mild;
+                ++o.samples_seen;
+            }
+            return o;
+        }
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        double mean(Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            auto count = last - first;
+            double sum = std::accumulate(first, last, 0.);
+            return sum / count;
+        }
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        double standard_deviation(Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            auto m = mean(first, last);
+            double variance = std::accumulate(first, last, 0., [m](double a, double b) {
+                        double diff = b - m;
+                        return a + diff*diff;
+                    }) / (last - first);
+            return std::sqrt(variance);
+        }
+
+        template <typename URng, typename Iterator, typename Estimator>
+        sample resample(URng& rng, int resamples, Iterator first, Iterator last, Estimator& estimator) {
+            auto n = last - first;
+            std::uniform_int_distribution<decltype(n)> dist(0, n-1);
+
+            sample out;
+            out.reserve(resamples);
+            std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(out), resamples, [n, first, &estimator, &dist, &rng] {
+                std::vector<double> resampled;
+                resampled.reserve(n);
+                std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(resampled), n, [first, &dist, &rng] { return first[dist(rng)]; });
+                return estimator(resampled.begin(), resampled.end());
+            });
+            std::sort(out.begin(), out.end());
+            return out;
+        }
+
+        template <typename Estimator, typename Iterator>
+        sample jackknife(Estimator&& estimator, Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            auto n = last - first;
+            auto second = std::next(first);
+            sample results;
+            results.reserve(n);
+
+            for(auto it = first; it != last; ++it) {
+                std::iter_swap(it, first);
+                results.push_back(estimator(second, last));
+            }
+
+            return results;
+        }
+
+        template <typename Iterator, typename Estimator>
+        estimate<double> bootstrap(double confidence_level, Iterator first, Iterator last, sample const& resample, Estimator&& estimator) {
+            namespace bm = boost::math;
+
+            auto n_samples = last - first;
+
+            double point = estimator(first, last);
+            // Degenerate case with a single sample
+            if(n_samples == 1) return { point, point, point, confidence_level };
+
+            sample jack = jackknife(estimator, first, last);
+            double jack_mean = mean(jack.begin(), jack.end());
+            double sum_squares, sum_cubes;
+            std::tie(sum_squares, sum_cubes) = std::accumulate(jack.begin(), jack.end(), std::make_pair(0., 0.), [jack_mean](std::pair<double, double> sqcb, double x) -> std::pair<double, double> {
+                        auto d = jack_mean - x;
+                        auto d2 = d * d;
+                        auto d3 = d2 * d;
+                        return { sqcb.first + d2, sqcb.second + d3 };
+                    });
+
+            double accel = sum_cubes / (6 * std::pow(sum_squares, 1.5));
+            int n = static_cast<int>(resample.size());
+            double prob_n = std::count_if(resample.begin(), resample.end(), [point](double x) { return x < point; }) /(double) n;
+            // degenerate case with uniform samples
+            if(prob_n == 0) return { point, point, point, confidence_level };
+
+            double bias = bm::quantile(bm::normal{}, prob_n);
+            double z1 = bm::quantile(bm::normal{}, (1. - confidence_level) / 2.);
+
+            auto cumn = [n](double x) -> int { return std::lround(bm::cdf(bm::normal{}, x) * n); };
+            auto a = [bias, accel](double b) { return bias + b / (1. - accel * b); };
+            double b1 = bias + z1;
+            double b2 = bias - z1;
+            double a1 = a(b1);
+            double a2 = a(b2);
+            auto lo = std::max(cumn(a1), 0);
+            auto hi = std::min(cumn(a2), n - 1);
+
+            return { point, resample[lo], resample[hi], confidence_level };
+        }
+
+        inline double outlier_variance(estimate<double> mean, estimate<double> stddev, int n) {
+            double sb = stddev.point;
+            double mn = mean.point / n;
+            double mg_min = mn / 2.;
+            double sg = std::min(mg_min / 4., sb / std::sqrt(n));
+            double sg2 = sg * sg;
+            double sb2 = sb * sb;
+
+            auto c_max = [n, mn, sb2, sg2](double x) -> double {
+                double k = mn - x;
+                double d = k * k;
+                double nd = n * d;
+                double k0 = -n * nd;
+                double k1 = sb2 - n * sg2 + nd;
+                double det = k1 * k1 - 4 * sg2 * k0;
+                return (int)(-2. * k0 / (k1 + std::sqrt(det)));
+            };
+
+            auto var_out = [n, sb2, sg2](double c) {
+                double nc = n - c;
+                return (nc / n) * (sb2 - nc * sg2);
+            };
+
+            return std::min(var_out(1), var_out(std::min(c_max(0.), c_max(mg_min)))) / sb2;
+        }
+
+        struct bootstrap_analysis {
+            estimate<double> mean;
+            estimate<double> standard_deviation;
+            double outlier_variance;
+        };
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        bootstrap_analysis analyse_samples(double confidence_level, int n_resamples, Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            static std::random_device entropy;
+
+            auto n = static_cast<int>(last - first); // seriously, one can't use integral types without hell in C++
+
+            auto mean = &detail::mean<Iterator>;
+            auto stddev = &detail::standard_deviation<Iterator>;
+
+            auto estimate = [=](double(*f)(Iterator, Iterator)) {
+                auto seed = entropy();
+                return std::async(std::launch::async, [=]{
+                    std::mt19937 rng(seed);
+                    auto resampled = resample(rng, n_resamples, first, last, f);
+                    return bootstrap(confidence_level, first, last, resampled, f);
+                });
+            };
+
+            auto mean_future = estimate(mean);
+            auto stddev_future = estimate(stddev);
+
+            auto mean_estimate = mean_future.get();
+            auto stddev_estimate = stddev_future.get();
+
+            double outlier_variance = detail::outlier_variance(mean_estimate, stddev_estimate, n);
+
+            return { mean_estimate, stddev_estimate, outlier_variance };
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename Clock>
+        std::vector<double> resolution(int k) {
+            std::vector<TimePoint<Clock>> times;
+            times.reserve(k+1);
+            std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(times), k+1, now<Clock>{});
+
+            std::vector<double> deltas;
+            deltas.reserve(k);
+            std::transform(std::next(times.begin()), times.end(), times.begin(),
+                              std::back_inserter(deltas),
+                              [](TimePoint<Clock> a, TimePoint<Clock> b) { return static_cast<double>((a - b).count()); });
+
+            return deltas;
+        }
+
+        const auto warmup_seed = 10000;
+        const auto clock_resolution_estimation_time = chrono::milliseconds(500);
+        const auto clock_cost_estimation_time_limit = chrono::seconds(1);
+        const auto clock_cost_estimation_tick_limit = 100000;
+        const auto clock_cost_estimation_time = chrono::milliseconds(10);
+        const auto clock_cost_estimation_iterations = 10000;
+
+        template <typename Clock>
+        int warmup() {
+            return run_for_at_least<Clock>({}, chrono::duration_cast<Duration<Clock>>(warmup_time), warmup_seed, &resolution<Clock>)
+                    .iterations;
+        }
+        template <typename Clock>
+        environment_estimate<FloatDuration<Clock>> estimate_clock_resolution(int iterations) {
+            auto r = run_for_at_least<Clock>({}, chrono::duration_cast<Duration<Clock>>(clock_resolution_estimation_time), iterations, &resolution<Clock>)
+                    .result;
+            return {
+                FloatDuration<Clock>(mean(r.begin(), r.end())),
+                classify_outliers(r.begin(), r.end()),
+            };
+        }
+        template <typename Clock>
+        environment_estimate<FloatDuration<Clock>> estimate_clock_cost(FloatDuration<Clock> resolution) {
+            auto time_limit = std::min(resolution * clock_cost_estimation_tick_limit, FloatDuration<Clock>(clock_cost_estimation_time_limit));
+            auto time_clock = [](int k) {
+                return detail::measure<Clock>([k]{
+                    for(int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
+                        volatile auto ignored = Clock::now();
+                        (void)ignored;
+                    }
+                }).elapsed;
+            };
+            time_clock(1);
+            int iters = clock_cost_estimation_iterations;
+            auto&& r = run_for_at_least<Clock>({}, chrono::duration_cast<Duration<Clock>>(clock_cost_estimation_time), iters, time_clock);
+            std::vector<double> times;
+            int nsamples = static_cast<int>(std::ceil(time_limit / r.elapsed));
+            times.reserve(nsamples);
+            std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(times), nsamples, [time_clock, &r]{
+                        return (time_clock(r.iterations) / r.iterations).count();
+                    });
+            return {
+                FloatDuration<Clock>(mean(times.begin(), times.end())),
+                classify_outliers(times.begin(), times.end()),
+            };
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+// #included from: detail/analyse.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Run and analyse one benchmark
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_ANALYSE_HPP
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename Duration, typename Iterator>
+        sample_analysis<Duration> analyse(configuration cfg, environment<Duration>, Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            std::vector<double> samples;
+            samples.reserve(last - first);
+            std::transform(first, last, std::back_inserter(samples), [](Duration d) { return d.count(); });
+
+            auto analysis = nonius::detail::analyse_samples(cfg.confidence_interval, cfg.resamples, samples.begin(), samples.end());
+            auto outliers = nonius::detail::classify_outliers(samples.begin(), samples.end());
+
+            auto wrap_estimate = [](estimate<double> e) {
+                return estimate<Duration> {
+                    Duration(e.point),
+                    Duration(e.lower_bound),
+                    Duration(e.upper_bound),
+                    e.confidence_interval,
+                };
+            };
+            std::vector<Duration> samples2;
+            samples2.reserve(samples.size());
+            std::transform(samples.begin(), samples.end(), std::back_inserter(samples2), [](double d) { return Duration(d); });
+            return {
+                std::move(samples2),
+                wrap_estimate(analysis.mean),
+                wrap_estimate(analysis.standard_deviation),
+                outliers,
+                analysis.outlier_variance,
+            };
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <set>
+#include <exception>
+#include <utility>
+#include <regex>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename Clock>
+        environment<FloatDuration<Clock>> measure_environment(reporter& rep) {
+            rep.warmup_start();
+            auto iters = detail::warmup<Clock>();
+            rep.warmup_end(iters);
+
+            rep.estimate_clock_resolution_start();
+            auto resolution = detail::estimate_clock_resolution<Clock>(iters);
+            rep.estimate_clock_resolution_complete(resolution);
+
+            rep.estimate_clock_cost_start();
+            auto cost = detail::estimate_clock_cost<Clock>(resolution.mean);
+            rep.estimate_clock_cost_complete(cost);
+
+            return { resolution, cost };
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+
+    struct benchmark_user_error : virtual std::exception {
+        char const* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+            return "a benchmark failed to run successfully";
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct skip_error : virtual std::exception {
+        const char* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+            return "benchmark was skipped";
+        }
+    };
+
+    inline void skip() {
+        throw skip_error{};
+    }
+
+    inline std::vector<parameters> generate_params(param_configuration cfg) {
+        auto params = global_param_registry().defaults().merged(cfg.map);
+        if (!cfg.run) {
+            return {params};
+        } else {
+            using operation_t = std::function<param(param, param)>;
+
+            auto&& run = *cfg.run;
+            auto step = run.step;
+            auto oper = std::unordered_map<std::string, operation_t> {
+                {"+", std::plus<param>{}},
+                {"*", std::multiplies<param>{}},
+            }.at(run.op);
+
+            auto r = std::vector<parameters>{};
+            auto next = run.init;
+            std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(r), std::max(run.count, std::size_t{1}), [&] {
+                auto last = next;
+                next = oper(next, step);
+                return params.merged(parameters{{run.name, last}});
+            });
+
+            return r;
+        }
+    }
+
+    template <typename Iterator>
+    std::vector<benchmark> filter_benchmarks(Iterator first, Iterator last, std::string pattern) {
+        auto r = std::vector<benchmark>{};
+        auto matcher = std::regex{pattern};
+        std::copy_if(first, last, std::back_inserter(r), [&] (benchmark const& b) {
+            return std::regex_match(b.name, matcher);
+        });
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    template <typename Clock = default_clock, typename Iterator>
+    void go(configuration cfg, Iterator first, Iterator last, reporter& rep) {
+        rep.configure(cfg);
+
+        auto env = detail::measure_environment<Clock>(rep);
+        rep.suite_start();
+
+        auto benchmarks = filter_benchmarks(first, last, cfg.filter_pattern);
+        auto all_params = generate_params(cfg.params);
+
+        for (auto&& params : all_params) {
+            rep.params_start(params);
+            for (auto&& bench : benchmarks) {
+                rep.benchmark_start(bench.name);
+                try {
+                    auto plan = bench.template prepare<Clock>(cfg, params, env);
+
+                    rep.measurement_start(plan);
+                    auto samples = plan.template run<Clock>(cfg, env);
+                    rep.measurement_complete(std::vector<fp_seconds>(samples.begin(), samples.end()));
+
+                    if(!cfg.no_analysis) {
+                        rep.analysis_start();
+                        auto analysis = detail::analyse(cfg, env, samples.begin(), samples.end());
+                        rep.analysis_complete(analysis);
+                    }
+                    rep.benchmark_complete();
+                } catch (...) {
+                    rep.benchmark_failure(std::current_exception());
+                }
+            }
+            rep.params_complete();
+        }
+
+        rep.suite_complete();
+    }
+    struct duplicate_benchmarks : virtual std::exception {
+        char const* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+            return "two or more benchmarks with the same name were registered";
+        }
+    };
+    template <typename Clock = default_clock, typename Iterator>
+    void validate_benchmarks(Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+        struct strings_lt_through_pointer {
+            bool operator()(std::string* a, std::string* b) const { return *a < *b; };
+        };
+        std::set<std::string*, strings_lt_through_pointer> names;
+        for(; first != last; ++first) {
+            if(!names.insert(&first->name).second)
+                throw duplicate_benchmarks();
+        }
+    }
+    template <typename Clock = default_clock, typename Iterator>
+    void go(configuration cfg, Iterator first, Iterator last, reporter&& rep) {
+        go<Clock>(cfg, first, last, rep);
+    }
+    struct no_such_reporter : virtual std::exception {
+        char const* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+            return "reporter could not be found";
+        }
+    };
+    template <typename Clock = default_clock>
+    void go(configuration cfg, benchmark_registry& benchmarks = global_benchmark_registry(), reporter_registry& reporters = global_reporter_registry()) {
+        auto it = reporters.find(cfg.reporter);
+        if(it == reporters.end()) throw no_such_reporter();
+        validate_benchmarks<Clock>(benchmarks.begin(), benchmarks.end());
+        go<Clock>(cfg, benchmarks.begin(), benchmarks.end(), *it->second);
+    }
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#ifndef NONIUS_DISABLE_EXTRA_REPORTERS
+#ifndef NONIUS_DISABLE_CSV_REPORTER
+// #included from: reporters/csv_reporter.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// CSV raw data reporter
+
+#define NONIUS_REPORTERS_CSV_REPORTER_HPP
+
+#include <ios>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    struct csv_reporter : reporter {
+    private:
+        std::string description() override {
+            return "outputs samples to a CSV file";
+        }
+
+        void do_configure(configuration& cfg) override {
+            cfg.no_analysis = true;
+            n_samples = cfg.samples;
+            verbose = cfg.verbose;
+        }
+
+        void do_warmup_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "warming up\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_resolution_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "estimating clock resolution\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_cost_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "estimating cost of a clock call\n";
+        }
+
+        void do_benchmark_start(std::string const& name) override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "\nbenchmarking " << name << "\n";
+            current = name;
+        }
+
+        void do_measurement_start(execution_plan<fp_seconds> plan) override {
+            report_stream() << std::setprecision(7);
+            report_stream().unsetf(std::ios::floatfield);
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "collecting " << n_samples << " samples, " << plan.iterations_per_sample << " iterations each, in estimated " << detail::pretty_duration(plan.estimated_duration) << "\n";
+        }
+        void do_measurement_complete(std::vector<fp_seconds> const& samples) override {
+            data[current] = samples;
+        }
+
+        void do_benchmark_failure(std::exception_ptr) override {
+            error_stream() << current << " failed to run successfully\n";
+        }
+
+        void do_suite_complete() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "\ngenerating CSV report\n";
+            report_stream() << std::fixed;
+            report_stream().precision(std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10);
+            bool first = true;
+            for(auto&& kv : data) {
+                if(!first) report_stream() << ",";
+                report_stream() << "\"" << escape(kv.first) << "\""; // TODO escape
+                first = false;
+            }
+            report_stream() << "\n";
+            for(int i = 0; i < n_samples; ++i) {
+                first = true;
+                for(auto&& kv : data) {
+                    if(!first) report_stream() << ",";
+                    report_stream() << kv.second[i].count();
+                    first = false;
+                }
+                report_stream() << "\n";
+            }
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "done\n";
+        }
+
+    private:
+        static std::string escape(std::string const& source) {
+            auto first = source.begin();
+            auto last = source.end();
+
+            auto quotes = std::count(first, last, '"');
+            if(quotes == 0) return source;
+
+            std::string escaped;
+            escaped.reserve(source.size() + quotes);
+
+            while(first != last) {
+                auto next_quote = std::find(first, last, '"');
+                std::copy(first, next_quote, std::back_inserter(escaped));
+                first = next_quote;
+                if(first != last) {
+                    ++first;
+                    escaped.push_back('"');
+                    escaped.push_back('"');
+                }
+            }
+
+            return escaped;
+        }
+
+        int n_samples;
+        bool verbose;
+        std::string current;
+        std::unordered_map<std::string, std::vector<fp_seconds>> data;
+    };
+
+    NONIUS_REPORTER("csv", csv_reporter);
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#endif // NONIUS_DISABLE_CSV_REPORTER
+#ifndef NONIUS_DISABLE_JUNIT_REPORTER
+// #included from: reporters/junit_reporter.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// JUnit reporter
+
+#define NONIUS_REPORTERS_JUNIT_REPORTER_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/escape.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// General escaping routines
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_ESCAPE_HPP
+
+#include <string>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        inline std::string escape(std::string const& source, std::unordered_map<char, std::string> const& escapes) {
+            std::string magic;
+            magic.reserve(escapes.size());
+            std::transform(escapes.begin(), escapes.end(), std::back_inserter(magic), [](std::pair<char const, std::string> const& p) { return p.first; });
+
+            auto first = source.begin();
+            auto last = source.end();
+
+            auto n_magic = std::count_if(first, last, [&magic](char c) { return magic.find(c) != std::string::npos; });
+
+            std::string escaped;
+            escaped.reserve(source.size() + n_magic*6);
+
+            while(first != last) {
+                auto next_magic = std::find_first_of(first, last, magic.begin(), magic.end());
+                std::copy(first, next_magic, std::back_inserter(escaped));
+                first = next_magic;
+                if(first != last) {
+                    auto it = escapes.find(*first);
+                    if(it != escapes.end()) {
+                        escaped += it->second;
+                    }
+                    ++first;
+                }
+            }
+            return escaped;
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <ios>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <exception>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    struct junit_reporter : reporter {
+    private:
+        std::string description() override {
+            return "outputs results to a JUnit-compatible XML file";
+        }
+
+        void do_configure(configuration& cfg) override {
+            n_samples = cfg.samples;
+            confidence_interval = cfg.confidence_interval;
+            resamples = cfg.resamples;
+            verbose = cfg.verbose;
+            title = cfg.title;
+        }
+
+        struct result {
+            sample_analysis<fp_seconds> analysis;
+            std::exception_ptr failure;
+        };
+
+        void do_warmup_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "warming up\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_resolution_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "estimating clock resolution\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_cost_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "estimating cost of a clock call\n";
+        }
+
+        void do_benchmark_start(std::string const& name) override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "\nbenchmarking " << name << "\n";
+            current = name;
+        }
+
+        void do_measurement_start(execution_plan<fp_seconds> plan) override {
+            report_stream() << std::setprecision(7);
+            report_stream().unsetf(std::ios::floatfield);
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "collecting " << n_samples << " samples, " << plan.iterations_per_sample << " iterations each, in estimated " << detail::pretty_duration(plan.estimated_duration) << "\n";
+        }
+
+        void do_analysis_start() override {
+            if(verbose) report_stream() << "analysing samples\n";
+        }
+        void do_analysis_complete(sample_analysis<fp_seconds> const& analysis) override {
+            data[current] = { analysis, nullptr };
+        }
+
+        void do_benchmark_failure(std::exception_ptr e) override {
+            data[current] = { sample_analysis<fp_seconds>(), e };
+            error_stream() << current << " failed to run successfully\n";
+        }
+
+        void do_suite_complete() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "\ngenerating JUnit report\n";
+
+            report_stream() << "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n";
+            report_stream() << "<testsuite name=\"" << escape(title) << "\" tests=\"" << data.size() << "\"";
+            auto failures = std::count_if(data.begin(), data.end(),
+                    [](std::pair<std::string const&, result> const& p) {
+                        return static_cast<bool>(p.second.failure);
+                    });
+            if(failures > 0) report_stream() << " errors=\"" << failures << "\"";
+            report_stream() << ">\n";
+
+            report_stream() << " <properties>\n";
+            report_stream() << "  <property name=\"samples\" value=\"" << n_samples << "\">\n";
+            report_stream() << "  <property name=\"confidence_interval\" value=\"" << std::setprecision(3) << confidence_interval << "\">\n";
+            report_stream() << "  <property name=\"resamples\" value=\"" << resamples << "\">\n";
+            report_stream() << " </properties>\n";
+
+            for(auto tc : data) {
+                report_stream() << " <testcase name=\"" << escape(tc.first) << "\"";
+                if(tc.second.failure) {
+                    report_stream() << ">\n";
+                    try {
+                        std::rethrow_exception(tc.second.failure);
+                    } catch(std::exception const& e) {
+                        report_stream() << "  <error message=\"" << escape(e.what()) << "\" />\n";
+                    } catch(...) {
+                        report_stream() << "  <error message=\"unknown error\" />\n";
+                    }
+                    report_stream() << " </testcase>\n";
+                } else {
+                    report_stream() << std::fixed;
+                    report_stream().precision(std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10);
+                    report_stream() << " time=\"" << tc.second.analysis.mean.point.count() << "\" />\n";
+                }
+            }
+
+            report_stream() << "</testsuite>\n";
+
+            report_stream() << std::flush;
+
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "done\n";
+        }
+
+        static std::string escape(std::string const& source) {
+            static const std::unordered_map<char, std::string> escapes {
+                { '\'', "&apos;" },
+                { '"',  "&quot;" },
+                { '<',  "&lt;"   },
+                { '>',  "&gt;"   },
+                { '&',  "&amp;"  },
+            };
+            return detail::escape(source, escapes);
+        }
+
+        int n_samples;
+        double confidence_interval;
+        int resamples;
+        bool verbose;
+        std::string title;
+
+        std::string current;
+        std::unordered_map<std::string, result> data;
+    };
+
+    NONIUS_REPORTER("junit", junit_reporter);
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#endif // NONIUS_DISABLE_JUNIT_REPORTER
+#ifndef NONIUS_DISABLE_HTML_REPORTER
+// #included from: reporters/html_reporter.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// HTML single-chart reporter
+
+#define NONIUS_REPORTERS_HTML_ALL_REPORTER_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/cpptempl.h
+// cpptempl
+// =================
+// This is a template engine for C++.
+//
+// Syntax
+// =================
+// Variables: {$variable_name}
+// Loops: {% for person in people %}Name: {$person.name}{% endfor %}
+// If: {% for person.name == "Bob" %}Full name: Robert{% endif %}
+//
+// Copyright
+// ==================
+// Copyright (c) Ryan Ginstrom
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
+// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
+// IN THE SOFTWARE.
+//
+// Modified by: Martinho Fernandes
+//
+// Usage
+// =======================
+//     std::string text = "{% if item %}{$item}{% endif %}\n"
+//      "{% if thing %}{$thing}{% endif %}" ;
+//  cpptempl::data_map data ;
+//  data["item"] = cpptempl::make_data("aaa") ;
+//  data["thing"] = cpptempl::make_data("bbb") ;
+//
+//     std::string result = cpptempl::parse(text, data) ;
+//
+// Handy Functions
+// ========================
+// make_data() : Feed it a string, data_map, or data_list to create a data entry.
+// Example:
+//  data_map person ;
+//  person["name"] = make_data("Bob") ;
+//  person["occupation"] = make_data("Plumber") ;
+//  data_map data ;
+//  data["person"] = make_data(person) ;
+//     std::string result = parse(templ_text, data) ;
+
+#ifndef CPPTEMPL_H
+#define CPPTEMPL_H
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning( disable : 4996 ) // 'std::copy': Function call with parameters that may be unsafe - this call relies on the caller to check that the passed values are correct. To disable this warning, use -D_SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See documentation on how to use Visual C++ 'Checked Iterators'
+#pragma warning( disable : 4512 ) // 'std::copy': Function call with parameters that may be unsafe - this call relies on the caller to check that the passed values are correct. To disable this warning, use -D_SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See documentation on how to use Visual C++ 'Checked Iterators'
+#endif
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
+
+#include <ostream>
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
+
+namespace cpptempl
+{
+    // various typedefs
+
+    // data classes
+    class Data ;
+    class DataValue ;
+    class DataList ;
+    class DataMap ;
+
+    class data_ptr {
+    public:
+        data_ptr() {}
+        template<typename T> data_ptr(const T& data) {
+            this->operator =(data);
+        }
+        data_ptr(DataValue* data);
+        data_ptr(DataList* data);
+        data_ptr(DataMap* data);
+        data_ptr(const data_ptr& data) {
+            ptr = data.ptr;
+        }
+        template<typename T> void operator = (const T& data);
+        void push_back(const data_ptr& data);
+        virtual ~data_ptr() {}
+        Data* operator ->() {
+            return ptr.get();
+        }
+    private:
+        std::shared_ptr<Data> ptr;
+    };
+    typedef std::vector<data_ptr> data_list ;
+
+    class data_map {
+    public:
+        data_ptr& operator [](const std::string& key);
+        bool empty();
+        bool has(const std::string& key);
+    private:
+        std::unordered_map<std::string, data_ptr> data;
+    };
+
+    template<> inline void data_ptr::operator = (const data_ptr& data);
+    template<> void data_ptr::operator = (const std::string& data);
+    template<> void data_ptr::operator = (const std::string& data);
+    template<> void data_ptr::operator = (const data_map& data);
+    template<typename T>
+    void data_ptr::operator = (const T& data) {
+        std::string data_str = boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(data);
+        this->operator =(data_str);
+    }
+
+    // token classes
+    class Token ;
+    typedef std::shared_ptr<Token> token_ptr ;
+    typedef std::vector<token_ptr> token_vector ;
+
+    // Custom exception class for library errors
+    class TemplateException : public std::exception
+    {
+    public:
+        TemplateException(std::string reason) : m_reason(std::move(reason)){}
+        char const* what() const NONIUS_NOEXCEPT override {
+            return m_reason.c_str();
+        }
+    private:
+        std::string m_reason;
+    };
+
+    // Data types used in templates
+    class Data
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual bool empty() = 0 ;
+        virtual std::string getvalue();
+        virtual data_list& getlist();
+        virtual data_map& getmap() ;
+    };
+
+    class DataValue : public Data
+    {
+        std::string m_value ;
+    public:
+        DataValue(std::string value) : m_value(value){}
+        std::string getvalue();
+        bool empty();
+    };
+
+    class DataList : public Data
+    {
+        data_list m_items ;
+    public:
+        DataList(const data_list &items) : m_items(items){}
+        data_list& getlist() ;
+        bool empty();
+    };
+
+    class DataMap : public Data
+    {
+        data_map m_items ;
+    public:
+        DataMap(const data_map &items) : m_items(items){}
+        data_map& getmap();
+        bool empty();
+    };
+
+    inline data_ptr::data_ptr(DataValue* data) : ptr(data) {}
+    inline data_ptr::data_ptr(DataList* data) : ptr(data) {}
+    inline data_ptr::data_ptr(DataMap* data) : ptr(data) {}
+
+    // convenience functions for making data objects
+    inline data_ptr make_data(std::string val)
+    {
+        return data_ptr(new DataValue(val)) ;
+    }
+    inline data_ptr make_data(data_list &val)
+    {
+        return data_ptr(new DataList(val)) ;
+    }
+    inline data_ptr make_data(data_map &val)
+    {
+        return data_ptr(new DataMap(val)) ;
+    }
+    // get a data value from a data map
+    // e.g. foo.bar => data["foo"]["bar"]
+    data_ptr parse_val(std::string key, data_map &data) ;
+
+    typedef enum
+    {
+        TOKEN_TYPE_NONE,
+        TOKEN_TYPE_TEXT,
+        TOKEN_TYPE_VAR,
+        TOKEN_TYPE_IF,
+        TOKEN_TYPE_FOR,
+        TOKEN_TYPE_ENDIF,
+        TOKEN_TYPE_ENDFOR,
+    } TokenType;
+
+    // Template tokens
+    // base class for all token types
+    class Token
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual TokenType gettype() = 0 ;
+        virtual void gettext(std::ostream &stream, data_map &data) = 0 ;
+        virtual void set_children(token_vector &children);
+        virtual token_vector & get_children();
+    };
+
+    // normal text
+    class TokenText : public Token
+    {
+        std::string m_text ;
+    public:
+        TokenText(std::string text) : m_text(text){}
+        TokenType gettype();
+        void gettext(std::ostream &stream, data_map &data);
+    };
+
+    // variable
+    class TokenVar : public Token
+    {
+        std::string m_key ;
+    public:
+        TokenVar(std::string key) : m_key(key){}
+        TokenType gettype();
+        void gettext(std::ostream &stream, data_map &data);
+    };
+
+    // for block
+    class TokenFor : public Token
+    {
+    public:
+        std::string m_key ;
+        std::string m_val ;
+        token_vector m_children ;
+        TokenFor(std::string expr);
+        TokenType gettype();
+        void gettext(std::ostream &stream, data_map &data);
+        void set_children(token_vector &children);
+        token_vector &get_children();
+    };
+
+    // if block
+    class TokenIf : public Token
+    {
+    public:
+        std::string m_expr ;
+        token_vector m_children ;
+        TokenIf(std::string expr) : m_expr(expr){}
+        TokenType gettype();
+        void gettext(std::ostream &stream, data_map &data);
+        bool is_true(std::string expr, data_map &data);
+        void set_children(token_vector &children);
+        token_vector &get_children();
+    };
+
+    // end of block
+    class TokenEnd : public Token // end of control block
+    {
+        std::string m_type ;
+    public:
+        TokenEnd(std::string text) : m_type(text){}
+        TokenType gettype();
+        void gettext(std::ostream &stream, data_map &data);
+    };
+
+    std::string gettext(token_ptr token, data_map &data) ;
+
+    void parse_tree(token_vector &tokens, token_vector &tree, TokenType until=TOKEN_TYPE_NONE) ;
+    token_vector & tokenize(std::string text, token_vector &tokens) ;
+
+    // The big daddy. Pass in the template and data,
+    // and get out a completed doc.
+    void parse(std::ostream &stream, std::string templ_text, data_map &data) ;
+    std::string parse(std::string templ_text, data_map &data);
+    std::string parse(std::string templ_text, data_map &data);
+
+// *********** Implementation ************
+
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // Data classes
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    // data_map
+    inline data_ptr& data_map::operator [](const std::string& key) {
+        return data[key];
+    }
+    inline bool data_map::empty() {
+        return data.empty();
+    }
+    inline bool data_map::has(const std::string& key) {
+        return data.find(key) != data.end();
+    }
+
+    // data_ptr
+    template<>
+    inline void data_ptr::operator = (const data_ptr& data) {
+        ptr = data.ptr;
+    }
+
+    template<>
+    inline void data_ptr::operator = (const std::string& data) {
+        ptr.reset(new DataValue(data));
+    }
+
+    template<>
+    inline void data_ptr::operator = (const data_map& data) {
+        ptr.reset(new DataMap(data));
+    }
+
+    inline void data_ptr::push_back(const data_ptr& data) {
+        if (!ptr) {
+            ptr.reset(new DataList(data_list()));
+        }
+        data_list& list = ptr->getlist();
+        list.push_back(data);
+    }
+
+    // base data
+    inline std::string Data::getvalue()
+    {
+        throw TemplateException("Data item is not a value") ;
+    }
+
+    inline data_list& Data::getlist()
+    {
+        throw TemplateException("Data item is not a list") ;
+    }
+    inline data_map& Data::getmap()
+    {
+        throw TemplateException("Data item is not a dictionary") ;
+    }
+    // data value
+    inline std::string DataValue::getvalue()
+    {
+        return m_value ;
+    }
+    inline bool DataValue::empty()
+    {
+        return m_value.empty();
+    }
+    // data list
+    inline data_list& DataList::getlist()
+    {
+        return m_items ;
+    }
+
+    inline bool DataList::empty()
+    {
+        return m_items.empty();
+    }
+    // data map
+    inline data_map& DataMap:: getmap()
+    {
+        return m_items ;
+    }
+    inline bool DataMap::empty()
+    {
+        return m_items.empty();
+    }
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // parse_val
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    inline data_ptr parse_val(std::string key, data_map &data)
+    {
+        // quoted string
+        if (key[0] == '\"')
+        {
+			return make_data(boost::trim_copy_if(key, [](char c){ return c == '"'; }));
+        }
+        // check for dotted notation, i.e [foo.bar]
+        size_t index = key.find(".") ;
+        if (index == std::string::npos)
+        {
+            if (!data.has(key))
+            {
+                return make_data("{$" + key + "}") ;
+            }
+            return data[key] ;
+        }
+
+        std::string sub_key = key.substr(0, index) ;
+        if (!data.has(sub_key))
+        {
+            return make_data("{$" + key + "}") ;
+        }
+        data_ptr item = data[sub_key] ;
+        return parse_val(key.substr(index+1), item->getmap()) ;
+    }
+
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // Token classes
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    // defaults, overridden by subclasses with children
+    inline void Token::set_children( token_vector & )
+    {
+        throw TemplateException("This token type cannot have children") ;
+    }
+
+    inline token_vector & Token::get_children()
+    {
+        throw TemplateException("This token type cannot have children") ;
+    }
+
+    // TokenText
+    inline TokenType TokenText::gettype()
+    {
+        return TOKEN_TYPE_TEXT ;
+    }
+
+    inline void TokenText::gettext( std::ostream &stream, data_map & )
+    {
+        stream << m_text ;
+    }
+
+    // TokenVar
+    inline TokenType TokenVar::gettype()
+    {
+        return TOKEN_TYPE_VAR ;
+    }
+
+    inline void TokenVar::gettext( std::ostream &stream, data_map &data )
+    {
+        stream << parse_val(m_key, data)->getvalue() ;
+    }
+
+    // TokenFor
+    inline TokenFor::TokenFor(std::string expr)
+    {
+        std::vector<std::string> elements ;
+        boost::split(elements, expr, boost::is_space()) ;
+        if (elements.size() != 4u)
+        {
+            throw TemplateException("Invalid syntax in for statement") ;
+        }
+        m_val = elements[1] ;
+        m_key = elements[3] ;
+    }
+
+    inline TokenType TokenFor::gettype()
+    {
+        return TOKEN_TYPE_FOR ;
+    }
+
+    inline void TokenFor::gettext( std::ostream &stream, data_map &data )
+    {
+        data_ptr value = parse_val(m_key, data) ;
+        data_list &items = value->getlist() ;
+        for (size_t i = 0 ; i < items.size() ; ++i)
+        {
+            data_map loop ;
+            loop["index"] = make_data(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(i+1)) ;
+            loop["index0"] = make_data(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(i)) ;
+            data["loop"] = make_data(loop);
+            data[m_val] = items[i] ;
+            for(size_t j = 0 ; j < m_children.size() ; ++j)
+            {
+                m_children[j]->gettext(stream, data) ;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    inline void TokenFor::set_children( token_vector &children )
+    {
+        m_children.assign(children.begin(), children.end()) ;
+    }
+
+    inline token_vector & TokenFor::get_children()
+    {
+        return m_children;
+    }
+
+    // TokenIf
+    inline TokenType TokenIf::gettype()
+    {
+        return TOKEN_TYPE_IF ;
+    }
+
+    inline void TokenIf::gettext( std::ostream &stream, data_map &data )
+    {
+        if (is_true(m_expr, data))
+        {
+            for(size_t j = 0 ; j < m_children.size() ; ++j)
+            {
+                m_children[j]->gettext(stream, data) ;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    inline bool TokenIf::is_true( std::string expr, data_map &data )
+    {
+        std::vector<std::string> elements ;
+        boost::split(elements, expr, boost::is_space()) ;
+
+        if (elements[1] == "not")
+        {
+            return parse_val(elements[2], data)->empty() ;
+        }
+        if (elements.size() == 2)
+        {
+            return ! parse_val(elements[1], data)->empty() ;
+        }
+        data_ptr lhs = parse_val(elements[1], data) ;
+        data_ptr rhs = parse_val(elements[3], data) ;
+        if (elements[2] == "==")
+        {
+            return lhs->getvalue() == rhs->getvalue() ;
+        }
+        return lhs->getvalue() != rhs->getvalue() ;
+    }
+
+    inline void TokenIf::set_children( token_vector &children )
+    {
+        m_children.assign(children.begin(), children.end()) ;
+    }
+
+    inline token_vector & TokenIf::get_children()
+    {
+        return m_children;
+    }
+
+    // TokenEnd
+    inline TokenType TokenEnd::gettype()
+    {
+        return m_type == "endfor" ? TOKEN_TYPE_ENDFOR : TOKEN_TYPE_ENDIF ;
+    }
+
+    inline void TokenEnd::gettext( std::ostream &, data_map &)
+    {
+        throw TemplateException("End-of-control statements have no associated text") ;
+    }
+
+    // gettext
+    // generic helper for getting text from tokens.
+
+    inline std::string gettext(token_ptr token, data_map &data)
+    {
+        std::ostringstream stream ;
+        token->gettext(stream, data) ;
+        return stream.str() ;
+    }
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // parse_tree
+    // recursively parses list of tokens into a tree
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    inline void parse_tree(token_vector &tokens, token_vector &tree, TokenType until)
+    {
+        while(! tokens.empty())
+        {
+            // 'pops' first item off list
+            token_ptr token = tokens[0] ;
+            tokens.erase(tokens.begin()) ;
+
+            if (token->gettype() == TOKEN_TYPE_FOR)
+            {
+                token_vector children ;
+                parse_tree(tokens, children, TOKEN_TYPE_ENDFOR) ;
+                token->set_children(children) ;
+            }
+            else if (token->gettype() == TOKEN_TYPE_IF)
+            {
+                token_vector children ;
+                parse_tree(tokens, children, TOKEN_TYPE_ENDIF) ;
+                token->set_children(children) ;
+            }
+            else if (token->gettype() == until)
+            {
+                return ;
+            }
+            tree.push_back(token) ;
+        }
+    }
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // tokenize
+    // parses a template into tokens (text, for, if, variable)
+    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    inline token_vector & tokenize(std::string text, token_vector &tokens)
+    {
+        while(! text.empty())
+        {
+            size_t pos = text.find("{") ;
+            if (pos == std::string::npos)
+            {
+                if (! text.empty())
+                {
+                    tokens.push_back(token_ptr(new TokenText(text))) ;
+                }
+                return tokens ;
+            }
+            std::string pre_text = text.substr(0, pos) ;
+            if (! pre_text.empty())
+            {
+                tokens.push_back(token_ptr(new TokenText(pre_text))) ;
+            }
+            text = text.substr(pos+1) ;
+            if (text.empty())
+            {
+                tokens.push_back(token_ptr(new TokenText("{"))) ;
+                return tokens ;
+            }
+
+            // variable
+            if (text[0] == '$')
+            {
+                pos = text.find("}") ;
+                if (pos != std::string::npos)
+                {
+                    tokens.push_back(token_ptr (new TokenVar(text.substr(1, pos-1)))) ;
+                    text = text.substr(pos+1) ;
+                }
+            }
+            // control statement
+            else if (text[0] == '%')
+            {
+                pos = text.find("}") ;
+                if (pos != std::string::npos)
+                {
+                    std::string expression = boost::trim_copy(text.substr(1, pos-2)) ;
+                    text = text.substr(pos+1) ;
+                    if (boost::starts_with(expression, "for"))
+                    {
+                        tokens.push_back(token_ptr (new TokenFor(expression))) ;
+                    }
+                    else if (boost::starts_with(expression, "if"))
+                    {
+                        tokens.push_back(token_ptr (new TokenIf(expression))) ;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        tokens.push_back(token_ptr (new TokenEnd(boost::trim_copy(expression)))) ;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                tokens.push_back(token_ptr(new TokenText("{"))) ;
+            }
+        }
+        return tokens ;
+    }
+
+    inline std::string parse(std::string templ_text, data_map &data)
+    {
+        std::ostringstream stream ;
+        parse(stream, templ_text, data) ;
+        return stream.str() ;
+    }
+    inline void parse(std::ostream &stream, std::string templ_text, data_map &data)
+    {
+        token_vector tokens ;
+        tokenize(templ_text, tokens) ;
+        token_vector tree ;
+        parse_tree(tokens, tree) ;
+
+        for (size_t i = 0 ; i < tree.size() ; ++i)
+        {
+            // Recursively calls gettext on each node in the tree.
+            // gettext returns the appropriate text for that node.
+            // for text, itself;
+            // for variable, substitution;
+            // for control statement, recursively gets kids
+            tree[i]->gettext(stream, data) ;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#endif // CPPTEMPL_H
+#include <ios>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <fstream>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    struct html_reporter : reporter {
+    private:
+        static std::string const& template_string() {
+            static char const* template_parts[] = {
+// generated content broken into pieces because MSVC is in the 1990s.
+// #included from: detail/html_report_template.g.h++
+"<!DOCTYPE html>\n"
+"<html>\n"
+" <head>\n"
+"  <meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\">\n"
+"  <title>{$title} - nonius report</title>\n"
+"  <style type=\"text/css\"> body {\n"
+"    left: 0;\n"
+"    right: 0;\n"
+"    top: 0;\n"
+"    bottom: 0;\n"
+"    margin: 0;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+".plotly .modebar {\n"
+"    margin-top: 2em !important;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+"#header {\n"
+"    background-color: black;\n"
+"    z-index: 2;\n"
+"    position: absolute;\n"
+"    left: 0;\n"
+"    right: 0;\n"
+"    color: white;\n"
+"    font-family: monospace;\n"
+"    padding-left: 0;\n"
+"    text-align: center;\n"
+"    font-size: 1.2em;\n"
+"    font-weight: bold;\n"
+"    line-height: 2em;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+".select {\n"
+"    position: relative;\n"
+"    display: inline-block;\n"
+"    font-size: 1em;\n"
+"    font-weight: bold;\n"
+"    font-size: 1em;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+".select .arr {\n"
+"    background: #000;\n"
+"    bottom: 5px;\n"
+"    position: absolute;\n"
+"    right: 5px;\n"
+"    top: 5px;\n"
+"    width: 0px;\n"
+"    pointer-events: none;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+".select .arr:before {\n"
+"    content: '';\n"
+"    position: absolute;\n"
+"    top: 50%;\n"
+"    right: 14px;\n"
+"    margin-top: -5px;\n"
+"    pointer-events: none;\n"
+"    border-top: 10px solid white;\n"
+"    border-left: 10px solid transparent;\n"
+"    border-right: 10px solid transparent;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+".select .arr:after {\n"
+"    content: '';\n"
+"    position: absolute;\n"
+"    top: 50%;\n"
+"    right: 18px;\n"
+"    margin-top: -5px;\n"
+"    pointer-events: none;\n"
+"    border-top: 6px solid black;\n"
+"    border-left: 6px solid transparent;\n"
+"    border-right: 6px solid transparent;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+".select select {\n"
+"    outline: none;\n"
+"    -webkit-appearance: none;\n"
+"    -moz-appearance: none;\n"
+"    display: block;\n"
+"    padding: 0 3em 0 1.5em;\n"
+"    margin: 0.3em;\n"
+"    height: 2em;\n"
+"\n"
+"    transition: border-color 0.2s;\n"
+"    border: 2px solid #aaa;\n"
+"    border-radius: 0px;\n"
+"\n"
+"    background: black;\n"
+"    color: white;\n"
+"    font-family: inherit;\n"
+"    font-size: inherit;\n"
+"    line-height: inherit;\n"
+"    font-weight: inherit;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+".select select:focus {\n"
+"    border: 2px solid white;\n"
+"    color: white;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+"div.is-sorted {\n"
+"    position: absolute;\n"
+"    top: 0em;\n"
+"    right: 1em;\n"
+"    line-height: 2.8em;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+"div.is-sorted input {\n"
+"    position: relative;\n"
+"    top: 2px;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+"#plot {\n"
+"    position: absolute;\n"
+"    min-width: 300px;\n"
+"    min-height: 200px;\n"
+"    left: 0;\n"
+"    right: 0;\n"
+"    top: 2em;\n"
+"    bottom: 1em;\n"
+"}\n"
+"\n"
+"#footer {\n"
+"    position: absolute;\n"
+"    bottom: 0;\n"
+"    left: 0;\n"
+"    right: 0;\n"
+"    font-family: monospace;\n"
+"    font-size: 0.9em;\n"
+"    text-align: center;\n"
+"    text-transform: lowercase;\n"
+"    background-color: #bbb;\n"
+"    line-height: 2em;\n"
+"}\n"
+" </style>\n"
+"  <script type=\"text/javascript\"> /**\n"
+"* plotly.js (basic - minified) v1.15.0\n"
+"* Copyright 2012-2016, Plotly, Inc.\n"
+"* All rights reserved.\n"
+"* Licensed under the MIT license\n"
+"*/\n"
+,
+"!function(t){if(\"object\"==typeof exports&&\"undefined\"!=typeof module)module.exports=t();else if(\"function\"==typeof define&&define.amd)define([],t);else{var e;e=\"undefined\"!=typeof window?window:\"undefined\"!=typeof global?global:\"undefined\"!=typeof self?self:this,e.Plotly=t()}}(function(){var t;return function e(t,n,r){function a(i,l){if(!n[i]){if(!t[i]){var s=\"function\"==typeof require&&require;if(!l&&s)return s(i,!0);if(o)return o(i,!0);var c=new Error(\"Cannot find module '\"+i+\"'\");throw c.code=\"MODULE_NOT_FOUND\",c}var u=n[i]={exports:{}};t[i][0].call(u.exports,function(e){var n=t[i][1][e];return a(n?n:e)},u,u.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[i].exports}for(var o=\"function\"==typeof require&&require,i=0;i<r.length;i++)a(r[i]);return a}({1:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"../src/plotly\"),a={\"X,X div\":\"font-family:'Open Sans', verdana, arial, sans-serif;margin:0;padding:0;\",\"X input,X button\":\"font-family:'Open Sans', verdana, arial, sans-serif;\",\"X 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n=f.select(this),r=e,a=r.rangeselector,l=n.selectAll(\"g.button\").data(a.buttons);l.enter().append(\"g\").classed(\"button\",!0),l.exit().remove(),l.each(function(e){var n=f.select(this),l=b(r,e);e.isActive=o(r,e,l),n.call(i,a,e),n.call(s,a,e),n.on(\"click\",function(){t._dragged||d.relayout(t,l)}),n.on(\"mouseover\",function(){e.isHovered=!0,n.call(i,a,e)}),n.on(\"mouseout\",function(){e.isHovered=!1,n.call(i,a,e)})}),u(t,l,a,r._name),n.attr(\"transform\",\"translate(\"+a.lx+\",\"+a.ly+\")\")})}},{\"../../lib/svg_text_utils\":100,\"../../plotly\":107,\"../../plots/cartesian/axis_ids\":112,\"../../plots/plots\":130,\"../color\":18,\"../drawing\":41,\"../legend/anchor_utils\":54,\"./constants\":68,\"./get_update_object\":71,d3:9}],71:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";function r(t,e){var n,r=t.range,o=new Date(r[1]),i=e.step,l=e.count;switch(e.stepmode){case\"backward\":n=a.time[i].offset(o,-l).getTime();break;case\"todate\":var s=a.time[i].offset(o,-(l-1));n=a.time[i].floor(s).getTime()}var c=r[1];return[n,c]}var a=t(\"d3\");e.exports=function(t,e){var n=t._name,a={};if(\"all\"===e.step)a[n+\".autorange\"]=!0;else{var o=r(t,e);a[n+\".range[0]\"]=o[0],a[n+\".range[1]\"]=o[1]}return a}},{d3:9}],72:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";n.attributes=t(\"./attributes\"),n.supplyLayoutDefaults=t(\"./defaults\"),n.draw=t(\"./draw\")},{\"./attributes\":66,\"./defaults\":69,\"./draw\":70}],73:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"../color/attributes\");e.exports={bgcolor:{valType:\"color\",dflt:r.background},bordercolor:{valType:\"color\",dflt:r.defaultLine},borderwidth:{valType:\"integer\",dflt:0,min:0},range:{valType:\"info_array\",items:[{valType:\"number\"},{valType:\"number\"}]},thickness:{valType:\"number\",dflt:.15,min:0,max:1},visible:{valType:\"boolean\",dflt:!0}}},{\"../color/attributes\":17}],74:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"../../plotly\"),a=t(\"../../plots/cartesian/axes\"),o=t(\"../../lib\"),i=t(\"../../constants/xmlns_namespaces\").svg,l=t(\"./helpers\"),s=t(\"./range_plot\");e.exports=function(t){function e(t){var e=h.range[0],n=h.range[1],r=n-e,a=t/p*r+e;return a=o.constrain(a,e,n)}function n(t,e){t=t||-(1/0),e=e||1/0;var n=h.range[0],r=h.range[1],a=r-n,o=(t-n)/a*p,i=(e-n)/a*p;u(o,i)}function c(e,n){window.requestAnimationFrame?window.requestAnimationFrame(function(){r.relayout(t,\"xaxis.range\",[e,n])}):setTimeout(function(){r.relayout(t,\"xaxis.range\",[e,n])},16)}"
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L=r(M,h),T=r(M,p),z=0;z<L.length;z++){var S=e*(L[z]-g)/(v-g),E=n*(1-(T[z]-m)/(y-m));isNaN(S)||isNaN(E)||A.push([S,E])}c.appendChildren(f,a(M,A,e,n))}}return f}},{\"../../constants/xmlns_namespaces\":82,\"../../lib\":89,\"../drawing\":41,\"../drawing/symbol_defs\":42,\"./helpers\":76,d3:9}],79:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"../annotations/attributes\"),a=t(\"../../traces/scatter/attributes\"),o=t(\"../../lib/extend\").extendFlat,i=a.line;e.exports={_isLinkedToArray:!0,type:{valType:\"enumerated\",values:[\"circle\",\"rect\",\"path\",\"line\"]},layer:{valType:\"enumerated\",values:[\"below\",\"above\"],dflt:\"above\"},xref:o({},r.xref,{}),x0:{valType:\"any\"},x1:{valType:\"any\"},yref:o({},r.yref,{}),y0:{valType:\"any\"},y1:{valType:\"any\"},path:{valType:\"string\"},opacity:{valType:\"number\",min:0,max:1,dflt:1},line:{color:i.color,width:i.width,dash:i.dash},fillcolor:{valType:\"color\",dflt:\"rgba(0,0,0,0)\"}}},{\"../../lib/extend\":88,\"../../traces/scatter/attributes\":167,\"../annotations/attributes\":15}],80:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";function r(t,e){function n(e,n){return M.coerce(t,r,E.layoutAttributes,e,n)}var r={};n(\"layer\"),n(\"opacity\"),n(\"fillcolor\"),n(\"line.color\"),n(\"line.width\"),n(\"line.dash\");for(var a=t.path?\"path\":\"rect\",i=n(\"type\",a),l=[\"x\",\"y\"],s=0;2>s;s++){var c=l[s],u={_fullLayout:e},f=A.coerceRef(t,r,u,c);if(\"path\"!==i){var d=.25,h=.75;if(\"paper\"!==f){var p=A.getFromId(u,f),g=o(p);d=g(p.range[0]+d*(p.range[1]-p.range[0])),h=g(p.range[0]+h*(p.range[1]-p.range[0]))}n(c+\"0\",d),n(c+\"1\",h)}}return\"path\"===i?n(\"path\"):M.noneOrAll(t,r,[\"x0\",\"x1\",\"y0\",\"y1\"]),r}function a(t){return\"category\"===t.type?t.c2l:t.d2l}function o(t){return\"category\"===t.type?t.l2c:t.l2d}function i(t,e){t.layout.shapes=e,E.supplyLayoutDefaults(t.layout,t._fullLayout),E.drawAll(t)}function l(t){delete t.layout.shapes,t._fullLayout.shapes=[],E.drawAll(t)}function s(t,e,n){for(var r=0;r<t._fullLayout.shapes.length;r++)E.draw(t,r,e,n)}function c(t,e){h(t,e).selectAll('[data-index=\"'+e+'\"]').remove(),t._fullLayout.shapes.splice(e,1),t.layout.shapes.splice(e,1);for(var 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+"t.layout},a.node()),t.framework.setUndoPoint();var o=t.framework.svg(),i=1,l=t._fullLayout.title;\"\"!==l&&l||(i=0);var s=\"Click to enter title\",c=function(){this.call(O.util.convertToTspans)},u=o.select(\".title-group text\").call(c);if(t._context.editable){u.attr({\"data-unformatted\":l}),l&&l!==s||(i=.2,u.attr({\"data-unformatted\":s}).text(s).style({opacity:i}).on(\"mouseover.opacity\",function(){S.select(this).transition().duration(100).style(\"opacity\",1)}).on(\"mouseout.opacity\",function(){S.select(this).transition().duration(1e3).style(\"opacity\",0)}));var f=function(){this.call(O.util.makeEditable).on(\"edit\",function(e){t.framework({layout:{title:e}}),this.attr({\"data-unformatted\":e}).text(e).call(c),this.call(f)}).on(\"cancel\",function(){var t=this.attr(\"data-unformatted\");this.text(t).call(c)})};u.call(f)}return t._context.setBackground(t,t._fullLayout.paper_bgcolor),I.addLinks(t),Promise.resolve()}function l(t){var e,n;t||(t={}),t.xaxis1&&(t.xaxis||(t.xaxis=t.xaxis1),delete t.xaxis1),t.yaxis1&&(t.yaxis||(t.yaxis=t.yaxis1),delete t.yaxis1);var r=O.Axes.list({_fullLayout:t});for(e=0;e<r.length;e++){var a=r[e];a.anchor&&\"free\"!==a.anchor&&(a.anchor=O.Axes.cleanId(a.anchor)),a.overlaying&&(a.overlaying=O.Axes.cleanId(a.overlaying)),a.type||(a.isdate?a.type=\"date\":a.islog?a.type=\"log\":a.isdate===!1&&a.islog===!1&&(a.type=\"linear\")),\"withzero\"!==a.autorange&&\"tozero\"!==a.autorange||(a.autorange=!0,a.rangemode=\"tozero\"),delete a.islog,delete a.isdate,delete a.categories,f(a,\"domain\")&&delete a.domain,void 0!==a.autotick&&(void 0===a.tickmode&&(a.tickmode=a.autotick?\"auto\":\"linear\"),delete a.autotick)}void 0===t.annotations||Array.isArray(t.annotations)||(P.warn(\"Annotations must be an array.\"),delete t.annotations);var o=(t.annotations||[]).length;for(e=0;o>e;e++){var i=t.annotations[e];i.ref&&(\"paper\"===i.ref?(i.xref=\"paper\",i.yref=\"paper\"):\"data\"===i.ref&&(i.xref=\"x\",i.yref=\"y\"),delete i.ref),s(i,\"xref\"),s(i,\"yref\")}void 0===t.shapes||Array.isArray(t.shapes)||(P.warn(\"Shapes must be an array.\"),delete t.shapes);var l=(t.shapes||[]).length;for(e=0;l>e;e++){var c=t.shapes[e];s(c,\"xref\"),s(c,\"yref\")}var u=t.legend;u&&(u.x>3?(u.x=1.02,u.xanchor=\"left\"):u.x<-2&&(u.x=-.02,u.xanchor=\"right\"),u.y>3?(u.y=1.02,u.yanchor=\"bottom\"):u.y<-2&&(u.y=-.02,u.yanchor=\"top\")),\"rotate\"===t.dragmode&&(t.dragmode=\"orbit\"),t.scene1&&(t.scene||(t.scene=t.scene1),delete t.scene1);var d=I.getSubplotIds(t,\"gl3d\");for(e=0;e<d.length;e++){var h=t[d[e]],p=h.cameraposition;if(Array.isArray(p)&&4===p[0].length){var g=p[0],v=p[1],m=p[2],y=E([],g),x=[];for(n=0;3>n;++n)x[n]=v[e]+m*y[2+4*n];h.camera={eye:{x:x[0],y:x[1],z:x[2]},center:{x:v[0],y:v[1],z:v[2]},up:{x:y[1],y:y[5],z:y[9]}},delete h.cameraposition}}return j.clean(t),t}function s(t,e){var n=t[e],r=e.charAt(0);n&&\"paper\"!==n&&(t[e]=O.Axes.cleanId(n,r))}function c(t,e){for(var n=[],r=(t.concat(Array.isArray(e)?e:[]).filter(function(t){return\"uid\"in t}).map(function(t){return t.uid})),a=0;a<t.length;a++){var o,i=t[a];if(!(\"uid\"in i)||-1!==n.indexOf(i.uid)){var l;for(o=0;100>o&&(l=P.randstr(r),-1!==n.indexOf(l));o++);i.uid=P.randstr(r),r.push(i.uid)}if(n.push(i.uid),\"histogramy\"===i.type&&\"xbins\"in i&&!(\"ybins\"in i)&&(i.ybins=i.xbins,delete i.xbins),i.error_y&&\"opacity\"in i.error_y){var s=j.defaults,c=i.error_y.color||(I.traceIs(i,\"bar\")?j.defaultLine:s[a%s.length]);i.error_y.color=j.addOpacity(j.rgb(c),j.opacity(c)*i.error_y.opacity),delete i.error_y.opacity}if(\"bardir\"in i&&(\"h\"!==i.bardir||!I.traceIs(i,\"bar\")&&\"histogram\"!==i.type.substr(0,9)||(i.orientation=\"h\",b(i)),delete i.bardir),\"histogramy\"===i.type&&b(i),\"histogramx\"!==i.type&&\"histogramy\"!==i.type||(i.type=\"histogram\"),\"scl\"in i&&(i.colorscale=i.scl,delete i.scl),\"reversescl\"in i&&(i.reversescale=i.reversescl,delete i.reversescl),i.xaxis&&(i.xaxis=O.Axes.cleanId(i.xaxis,\"x\")),i.yaxis&&(i.yaxis=O.Axes.cleanId(i.yaxis,\"y\")),I.traceIs(i,\"gl3d\")&&i.scene&&(i.scene=I.subplotsRegistry.gl3d.cleanId(i.scene)),I.traceIs(i,\"pie\")||(Array.isArray(i.textposition)?i.textposition=i.textposition.map(u):i.textposition&&(i.textposition=u(i.textposition))),I.traceIs(i,\"2dMap\")&&(\"YIGnBu\"===i.colorscale&&(i.colorscale=\"YlGnBu\"),\"YIOrRd\"===i.colorscale&&(i.colorscale=\"YlOrRd\")),I.traceIs(i,\"markerColorscale\")&&i.marker){var d=i.marker;\"YIGnBu\"===d.colorscale&&(d.colorscale=\"YlGnBu\"),\"YIOrRd\"===d.colorscale&&(d.colorscale=\"YlOrRd\")}if(\"surface\"===i.type&&P.isPlainObject(i.contours)){var h=[\"x\",\"y\",\"z\"];for(o=0;o<h.length;o++){var p=i.contours[h[o]];P.isPlainObject(p)&&(p.highlightColor&&(p.highlightcolor=p.highlightColor,delete p.highlightColor),p.highlightWidth&&(p.highlightwidth=p.highlightWidth,delete p.highlightWidth))}}f(i,\"line\")&&delete i.line,\"marker\"in i&&(f(i.marker,\"line\")&&delete i.marker.line,f(i,\"marker\")&&delete i.marker),j.clean(i)}}function u(t){var e=\"middle\",n=\"center\";return-1!==t.indexOf(\"top\")?e=\"top\":-1!==t.indexOf(\"bottom\")&&(e=\"bottom\"),-1!==t.indexOf(\"left\")?n=\"left\":-1!==t.indexOf(\"right\")&&(n=\"right\"),e+\" \"+n}function f(t,e){return e in t&&\"object\"==typeof t[e]&&0===Object.keys(t[e]).length}function d(t){var e,n=O.Axes.list(t),r=t._fullData,a=t._fullLayout,o=t.calcdata=new Array(r.length);for(t.firstscatter=!0,t.numboxes=0,t._hmpixcount=0,t._hmlumcount=0,a._piecolormap={},a._piedefaultcolorcount=0,e=0;e<n.length;e++)n[e]._categories=n[e]._initialCategories.slice();for(e=0;e<r.length;e++){var i=r[e],l=i._module,s=[];l&&i.visible===!0&&l.calc&&(s=l.calc(t,i)),Array.isArray(s)&&s[0]||(s=[{x:!1,y:!1}]),s[0].t||(s[0].t={}),s[0].trace=i,o[e]=s}}function h(t,e){var n,r,a=e+1,o=[];for(n=0;n<t.length;n++)r=t[n],0>r?o.push(a+r):o.push(r);return o}function p(t,e,n){var r,a;for(r=0;r<e.length;r++){if(a=e[r],a!==parseInt(a,10))throw new Error(\"all values in \"+n+\" must be integers\");if(a>=t.data.length||a<-t.data.length)throw new Error(n+\" must be valid indices for gd.data.\");if(e.indexOf(a,r+1)>-1||a>=0&&e.indexOf(-t.data.length+a)>-1||0>a&&e.indexOf(t.data.length+a)>-1)throw new Error(\"each index in \"+n+\" must be unique.\")}}function g(t,e,n){if(!Array.isArray(t.data))throw new Error(\"gd.data must be an array.\");if(\"undefined\"==typeof e)throw new Error(\"currentIndices is a required argument.\");if(Array.isArray(e)||(e=[e]),p(t,e,\"currentIndices\"),\"undefined\"==typeof n||Array.isArray(n)||(n=[n]),\"undefined\"!=typeof n&&p(t,n,\"newIndices\"),\"undefined\"!=typeof n&&e.length!==n.length)throw new Error(\"current and new indices must be of equal length.\")}function v(t,e,n){var r,a;if(!Array.isArray(t.data))throw new Error(\"gd.data must be an array.\");if(\"undefined\"==typeof e)throw new Error(\"traces must be defined.\");for(Array.isArray(e)||(e=[e]),r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(a=e[r],\"object\"!=typeof a||Array.isArray(a)||null===a)throw new Error(\"all values in traces array must be non-array objects\");if(\"undefined\"==typeof n||Array.isArray(n)||(n=[n]),\"undefined\"!=typeof n&&n.length!==e.length)throw new Error(\"if indices is specified, traces.length must equal indices.length\")}function m(t,e,n,r){var a=P.isPlainObject(r);if(!Array.isArray(t.data))throw new Error(\"gd.data must be an array\");if(!P.isPlainObject(e))throw new Error(\"update must be a key:value object\");if(\"undefined\"==typeof n)throw new Error(\"indices must be an integer or array of integers\");p(t,n,\"indices\");for(var o in e){if(!Array.isArray(e[o])||e[o].length!==n.length)throw new Error(\"attribute \"+o+\" must be an array of length equal to indices array length\");if(a&&(!(o in r)||!Array.isArray(r[o])||r[o].length!==e[o].length))throw new Error(\"when maxPoints is set as a key:value object it must contain a 1:1 corrispondence with the keys and number of traces in the update object\")}}function y(t,e,n,r){var a,o,i,l,s,c=P.isPlainObject(r),u=[];Array.isArray(n)||(n=[n]),n=h(n,t.data.length-1);for(var f in e)for(var d=0;d<n.length;d++){if(a=t.data[n[d]],i=P.nestedProperty(a,f),o=i.get(),l=e[f][d],!Array.isArray(l))throw new Error(\"attribute: \"+f+\" index: \"+d+\" must be an array\");if(!Array.isArray(o))throw new Error(\"cannot extend missing or non-array attribute: \"+f);s=c?r[f][d]:r,C(s)||(s=-1),u.push({prop:i,target:o,insert:l,maxp:Math.floor(s)})}return u}function x(t,e,n,r,a,o){m(t,e,n,r);for(var i,l,s,c=y(t,e,n,r),u=[],f={},d={},h=0;h<c.length;h++)l=c[h].prop,s=c[h].maxp,i=a(c[h].target,c[h].insert),s>=0&&s<i.length&&(u=o(i,s)),s=c[h].target.length,l.set(i),Array.isArray(f[l.astr])||(f[l.astr]=[]),Array.isArray(d[l.astr])||(d[l.astr]=[]),f[l.astr].push(u),d[l.astr].push(s);return{update:f,maxPoints:d}}function b(t){var e;if(P.swapAttrs(t,[\"?\",\"?0\",\"d?\",\"?bins\",\"nbins?\",\"autobin?\",\"?src\",\"error_?\"]),Array.isArray(t.z)&&Array.isArray(t.z[0])&&(t.transpose?delete t.transpose:t.transpose=!0),t.error_x&&t.error_y){var n=t.error_y,r=\"copy_ystyle\"in n?n.copy_ystyle:!(n.color||n.thickness||n.width);P.swapAttrs(t,[\"error_?.copy_ystyle\"]),r&&P.swapAttrs(t,[\"error_?.color\",\"error_?.thickness\",\"error_?.width\"])}if(t.hoverinfo){var a=t.hoverinfo.split(\"+\");for(e=0;e<a.length;e++)\"x\"===a[e]?a[e]=\"y\":\"y\"===a[e]&&(a[e]=\"x\");t.hoverinfo=a.join(\"+\")}}function _(t){var e,n={left:0,right:0,bottom:0,top:0};if(t)for(e in t)t.hasOwnProperty(e)&&(n.left+=t[e].left||0,n.right+=t[e].right||0,n.bottom+=t[e].bottom||0,n.top+=t[e].top||0);return n}function w(t,e){var n,r,a,o=t._fullLayout,i=t._context;if(t.emit(\"plotly_autosize\"),t._context.fillFrame)a=window.innerWidth,r=window.innerHeight,document.body.style.overflow=\"hidden\";else if(C(i.frameMargins)&&i.frameMargins>0){var l=_(t._boundingBoxMargins),s=l.left+l.right,c=l.bottom+l.top,u=o._container.node().getBoundingClientRect(),f=1-2*i.frameMargins;a=Math.round(f*(u.width-s)),r=Math.round(f*(u.height-c))}else n=window.getComputedStyle(t),r=parseFloat(n.height)||o.height,a=parseFloat(n.width)||o.width;return Math.abs(o.width-a)>1||Math.abs(o.height-r)>1?(o.height=t.layout.height=r,o.width=t.layout.width=a):\"initial\"!==o.autosize&&(delete e.autosize,o.autosize=t.layout.autosize=!0),I.sanitizeMargins(o),e}function k(t){var e=S.select(t),n=t._fullLayout;if(n._container=e.selectAll(\".pl"
+,
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u=O.Axes.getFromId(t,s.overlaying)||s;u!==s&&u.overlaying&&(u=s,s.overlaying=!1);var f=O.Axes.getFromId(t,c.overlaying)||c;f!==c&&f.overlaying&&(f=c,c.overlaying=!1);var d=u._id+f._id;if(d!==o&&-1!==e.indexOf(d))i.mainplot=d,a.push(i),s.domain=u.domain.slice(),c.domain=f.domain.slice();else{i.bg=l.append(\"rect\").style(\"stroke-width\",0);var h=l.append(\"g\").classed(\"layer-subplot\",!0);i.shapelayer=h.append(\"g\").classed(\"shapelayer\",!0),i.imagelayer=h.append(\"g\").classed(\"imagelayer\",!0),i.gridlayer=l.append(\"g\"),i.overgrid=l.append(\"g\"),i.zerolinelayer=l.append(\"g\"),i.overzero=l.append(\"g\"),i.plot=l.append(\"g\").call(n),i.overplot=l.append(\"g\"),i.xlines=l.append(\"path\"),i.ylines=l.append(\"path\"),i.overlines=l.append(\"g\"),i.xaxislayer=l.append(\"g\"),i.yaxislayer=l.append(\"g\"),i.overaxes=l.append(\"g\")}i.draglayer=r._draggers.append(\"g\")}),a.forEach(function(t){var e=r._plots[t.mainplot];e.overlays.push(t),t.gridlayer=e.overgrid.append(\"g\"),t.zerolinelayer=e.overzero.append(\"g\"),t.plot=e.overplot.append(\"g\").call(n),t.xlines=e.overlines.append(\"path\"),t.ylines=e.overlines.append(\"path\"),t.xaxislayer=e.overaxes.append(\"g\"),t.yaxislayer=e.overaxes.append(\"g\")}),e.forEach(function(t){var e=r._plots[t];e.xlines.style(\"fill\",\"none\").classed(\"crisp\",!0),e.ylines.style(\"fill\",\"none\").classed(\"crisp\",!0)})}function L(t){return P.syncOrAsync([I.doAutoMargin,T],t)}function T(t){var e,n=t._fullLayout,r=n._size,a=O.Axes.list(t);for(e=0;e<a.length;e++)a[e]._linepositions={};n._paperdiv.style({width:n.width+\"px\",height:n.height+\"px\"}).selectAll(\".main-svg\").call(q.setSize,n.width,n.height),t._context.setBackground(t,n.paper_bgcolor);var o=[];return n._paper.selectAll(\"g.subplot\").each(function(e){var a=n._plots[e],i=O.Axes.getFromId(t,e,\"x\"),l=O.Axes.getFromId(t,e,\"y\");i.setScale(),l.setScale(),a.bg&&a.bg.call(q.setRect,i._offset-r.p,l._offset-r.p,i._length+2*r.p,l._length+2*r.p).call(j.fill,n.plot_bgcolor),a.clipId=\"clip\"+n._uid+e+\"plot\";var s=n._defs.selectAll(\"g.clips\").selectAll(\"#\"+a.clipId).data([0]);s.enter().append(\"clipPath\").attr({\"class\":\"plotclip\",id:a.clipId}).append(\"rect\"),s.selectAll(\"rect\").attr({width:i._length,height:l._length}),a.plot.call(P.setTranslate,i._offset,l._offset),a.plot.call(q.setClipUrl,a.clipId);var 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i=\"top\"===u.side?\"-\":\"\";n.attr(\"d\",\"M0,0L\"+C+\",\"+i+C+\"H\"+(O+o.width/2)+\"v\"+i+(2*O+o.height)+\"H-\"+(O+o.width/2)+\"V\"+i+C+\"H-\"+C+\"Z\"),e.attr(\"transform\",\"translate(\"+(u._offset+(c.x0+c.x1)/2)+\",\"+(f._offset+(\"top\"===u.side?0:f._length))+\")\")}else{r.attr(\"text-anchor\",\"right\"===f.side?\"start\":\"end\").call(b.setPosition,(\"right\"===f.side?1:-1)*(O+C),_-o.top-o.height/2).selectAll(\"tspan.line\").attr({x:r.attr(\"x\"),y:r.attr(\"y\")});var l=\"right\"===f.side?\"\":\"-\";n.attr(\"d\",\"M0,0L\"+l+C+\",\"+C+\"V\"+(O+o.height/2)+\"h\"+l+(2*O+o.width)+\"V-\"+(O+o.height/2)+\"H\"+l+C+\"V-\"+C+\"Z\"),e.attr(\"transform\",\"translate(\"+(u._offset+(\"right\"===f.side?u._length:0))+\",\"+(f._offset+(c.y0+c.y1)/2)+\")\")}t=t.filter(function(t){return void 0!==t.zLabelVal||(t[d]||\"\").split(\" \")[0]===v})});var S=l.selectAll(\"g.hovertext\").data(t,function(t){return[t.trace.index,t.index,t.x0,t.y0,t.name,t.attr,t.xa,t.ya||\"\"].join(\",\")});return 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m,k,T=f.node().getBoundingClientRect(),z=t.xa._offset+(t.x0+t.x1)/2,S=t.ya._offset+(t.y0+t.y1)/2,E=Math.abs(t.x1-t.x0),P=Math.abs(t.y1-t.y0),N=T.width+C+O+v;t.ty0=_-T.top,t.bx=T.width+2*O,t.by=T.height+2*O,t.anchor=\"start\",t.txwidth=T.width,t.tx2width=v,t.offset=0,o?(t.pos=z,m=M>=S+P/2+N,k=S-P/2-N>=0,\"top\"!==t.idealAlign&&m||!k?m?(S+=P/2,t.anchor=\"start\"):t.anchor=\"middle\":(S-=P/2,t.anchor=\"end\")):(t.pos=S,m=w>=z+E/2+N,k=z-E/2-N>=0,\"left\"!==t.idealAlign&&m||!k?m?(z+=E/2,t.anchor=\"start\"):t.anchor=\"middle\":(z-=E/2,t.anchor=\"end\")),f.attr(\"text-anchor\",t.anchor),v&&d.attr(\"text-anchor\",t.anchor),e.attr(\"transform\",\"translate(\"+z+\",\"+S+\")\"+(o?\"rotate(\"+L+\")\":\"\"))}),S}function u(t,e){function n(t){var e=t[0],n=t[t.length-1];if(a=e.pmin-e.pos-e.dp+e.size,o=n.pos+n.dp+n.size-e.pmax,a>.01){for(l=t.length-1;l>=0;l--)t[l].dp+=a;r=!1}if(!(.01>o)){if(-.01>a){for(l=t.length-1;l>=0;l--)t[l].dp-=o;r=!1}if(r){var c=0;for(i=0;i<t.length;i++)s=t[i],s.pos+s.dp+s.size>e.pmax&&c++;for(i=t.length-1;i>=0&&!(0>=c);i--)s=t[i],s.pos>e.pmax-1&&(s.del=!0,c--);for(i=0;i<t.length&&!(0>=c);i++)if(s=t[i],s.pos<e.pmin+1)for(s.del=!0,c--,o=2*s.size,l=t.length-1;l>=0;l--)t[l].dp-=o;for(i=t.length-1;i>=0&&!(0>=c);i--)s=t[i],s.pos+s.dp+s.size>e.pmax&&(s.del=!0,c--)}}}for(var r,a,o,i,l,s,c,u=0,f=t.map(function(t,n){var r=t[e];return[{i:n,dp:0,pos:t.pos,posref:t.posref,size:t.by*(\"x\"===r._id.charAt(0)?z:1)/2,pmin:r._offset,pmax:r._offset+r._length}]}).sort(function(t,e){return t[0].posref-e[0].posref});!r&&u<=t.length;){for(u++,r=!0,i=0;i<f.length-1;){var d=f[i],h=f[i+1"
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r=\"end\"===t.anchor?-1:1,a=n.select(\"text.nums\"),o={start:1,end:-1,middle:0}[t.anchor],i=o*(C+O),l=i+o*(t.txwidth+O),s=0,c=t.offset;\"middle\"===t.anchor&&(i-=t.tx2width/2,l-=t.tx2width/2),e&&(c*=-E,s=t.offset*S),n.select(\"path\").attr(\"d\",\"middle\"===t.anchor?\"M-\"+t.bx/2+\",-\"+t.by/2+\"h\"+t.bx+\"v\"+t.by+\"h-\"+t.bx+\"Z\":\"M0,0L\"+(r*C+s)+\",\"+(C+c)+\"v\"+(t.by/2-C)+\"h\"+r*t.bx+\"v-\"+t.by+\"H\"+(r*C+s)+\"V\"+(c-C)+\"Z\"),a.call(b.setPosition,i+s,c+t.ty0-t.by/2+O).selectAll(\"tspan.line\").attr({x:a.attr(\"x\"),y:a.attr(\"y\")}),t.tx2width&&(n.select(\"text.name, text.name tspan.line\").call(b.setPosition,l+o*O+s,c+t.ty0-t.by/2+O),n.select(\"rect\").call(b.setRect,l+(o-1)*t.tx2width/2+s,c-t.by/2-1,t.tx2width,t.by+2))})}function d(t,e,n){if(!e.target)return!1;if(!n||n.length!==t._hoverdata.length)return!0;for(var r=n.length-1;r>=0;r--){var a=n[r],o=t._hoverdata[r];if(a.curveNumber!==o.curveNumber||String(a.pointNumber)!==String(o.pointNumber))return!0}return!1}var h=t(\"d3\"),p=t(\"tinycolor2\"),g=t(\"fast-isnumeric\"),v=t(\"../../lib\"),m=t(\"../../lib/events\"),y=t(\"../../lib/svg_text_utils\"),x=t(\"../../components/color\"),b=t(\"../../components/drawing\"),_=t(\"../../components/dragelement\"),w=t(\"./axes\"),k=t(\"./constants\"),M=t(\"./dragbox\"),A=e.exports={};A.unhover=_.unhover,A.layoutAttributes={dragmode:{valType:\"enumerated\",values:[\"zoom\",\"pan\",\"select\",\"lasso\",\"orbit\",\"turntable\"],dflt:\"zoom\"},hovermode:{valType:\"enumerated\",values:[\"x\",\"y\",\"closest\",!1]}},A.supplyLayoutDefaults=function(t,e,n){function r(n,r){return v.coerce(t,e,A.layoutAttributes,n,r)}r(\"dragmode\");var a;if(e._has(\"cartesian\")){var o=e._isHoriz=A.isHoriz(n);a=o?\"y\":\"x\"}else a=\"closest\";r(\"hovermode\",a)},A.isHoriz=function(t){for(var e=!0,n=0;n<t.length;n++){var r=t[n];if(\"h\"!==r.orientation){e=!1;break}}return e},A.init=function(t){var e=t._fullLayout;if(e._has(\"cartesian\")&&!t._context.staticPlot){var n=Object.keys(e._plots||{}).sort(function(t,n){if((e._plots[t].mainplot&&!0)===(e._plots[n].mainplot&&!0)){var r=t.split(\"y\"),a=n.split(\"y\");return r[0]===a[0]?Number(r[1]||1)-Number(a[1]||1):Number(r[0]||1)-Number(a[0]||1)}return e._plots[t].mainplot?1:-1});n.forEach(function(n){var r=e._plots[n];if(e._has(\"cartesian\")){var a=r.x(),o=r.y(),i=(a._linepositions[n]||[])[3],l=(o._linepositions[n]||[])[3],s=k.DRAGGERSIZE;if(g(i)&&\"top\"===a.side&&(i-=s),g(l)&&\"right\"!==o.side&&(l-=s),!r.mainplot){var c=M(t,r,0,0,a._length,o._length,\"ns\",\"ew\");c.onmousemove=function(r){A.hover(t,r,n),e._lasthover=c,e._hoversubplot=n},c.onmouseout=function(e){t._dragging||_.unhover(t,e)},c.onclick=function(e){A.click(t,e)},M(t,r,-s,-s,s,s,\"n\",\"w\"),M(t,r,a._length,-s,s,s,\"n\",\"e\"),M(t,r,-s,o._length,s,s,\"s\",\"w\"),M(t,r,a._length,o._length,s,s,\"s\",\"e\")}g(i)&&(\"free\"===a.anchor&&(i-=e._size.h*(1-o.domain[1])),M(t,r,.1*a._length,i,.8*a._length,s,\"\",\"ew\"),M(t,r,0,i,.1*a._length,s,\"\",\"w\"),M(t,r,.9*a._length,i,.1*a._length,s,\"\",\"e\")),g(l)&&(\"free\"===o.anchor&&(l-=e._size.w*a.domain[0]),M(t,r,l,.1*o._length,s,.8*o._length,\"ns\",\"\"),M(t,r,l,.9*o._length,s,.1*o._length,\"s\",\"\"),M(t,r,l,0,s,.1*o._length,\"n\",\"\"))}});var r=e._hoverlayer.node();r.onmousemove=function(n){n.target=e._lasthover,A.hover(t,n,e._hoversubplot)},r.onclick=function(n){n.target=e._lasthover,A.click(t,n)},r.onmousedown=function(t){e._lasthover.onmousedown(t)}}};var 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G=X.selectAll(\"circle.grid-circle\").data(r.ticks(5));G.enter().append(\"circle\").attr({\"class\":\"grid-circle\"}).style(F),G.attr(\"r\",r),G.exit().remove()}X.select(\"circle.outside-circle\").attr({r:x}).style(F);var $=e.select(\"circle.background-circle\").attr({r:x}).style({fill:f.backgroundColor,stroke:f.stroke});if(f.radialAxis.visible){var Q=a.svg.axis().scale(r).ticks(5).tickSize(5);X.call(Q).attr({transform:\"rotate(\"+f.radialAxis.orientation+\")\"}),X.selectAll(\".domain\").style(F),X.selectAll(\"g>text\").text(function(t,e){return this.textContent+f.radialAxis.ticksSuffix}).style(B).style({\"text-anchor\":\"start\"}).attr({x:0,y:0,dx:0,dy:0,transform:function(t,e){return\"horizontal\"===f.radialAxis.tickOrientation?\"rotate(\"+-f.radialAxis.orientation+\") translate(\"+[0,B[\"font-size\"]]+\")\":\"translate(\"+[0,B[\"font-size\"]]+\")\"}}),X.selectAll(\"g>line\").style({stroke:\"black\"})}var W=e.select(\".angular.axis-group\").selectAll(\"g.angular-tick\").data(N),J=W.enter().append(\"g\").classed(\"angular-tick\",!0);W.attr({transform:function(t,e){return\"rotate(\"+s(t,e)+\")\"}}).style({display:f.angularAxis.visible?\"block\":\"none\"}),W.exit().remove(),J.append(\"line\").classed(\"grid-line\",!0).classed(\"major\",function(t,e){return e%(f.minorTicks+1)==0}).classed(\"minor\",function(t,e){return!(e%(f.minorTicks+1)==0)}).style(F),J.selectAll(\".minor\").style({stroke:f.minorTickColor}),W.select(\"line.grid-line\").attr({x1:f.tickLength?x-f.tickLength:0,x2:x}).style({display:f.angularAxis.gridLinesVisible?\"block\":\"none\"}),J.append(\"text\""
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r=a.select(this),i=r.style(\"fill\"),l=\"black\",s=r.style(\"opacity\")||1;if(r.attr({\"data-opacity\":s}),\"none\"!=i){r.attr({\"data-fill\":i}),l=a.hsl(i).darker().toString(),r.style({fill:l,opacity:1});var c={t:o.util.round(t[0]),r:o.util.round(t[1])};A&&(c.t=k[t[0]]);var u=\"t: \"+c.t+\", r: \"+c.r,f=this.getBoundingClientRect(),d=e.node().getBoundingClientRect(),h=[f.left+f.width/2-Z[0]-d.left,f.top+f.height/2-Z[1]-d.top];dt.config({color:l}).text(u),dt.move(h)}else i=r.style(\"stroke\"),r.attr({\"data-stroke\":i}),l=a.hsl(i).darker().toString(),r.style({stroke:l,opacity:1})}).on(\"mousemove.tooltip\",function(t,e){return 0!=a.event.which?!1:void(a.select(this).attr(\"data-fill\")&&dt.show())}).on(\"mouseout.tooltip\",function(t,e){dt.hide();var n=a.select(this),r=n.attr(\"data-fill\");r?n.style({fill:r,opacity:n.attr(\"data-opacity\")}):n.style({stroke:n.attr(\"data-stroke\"),opacity:n.attr(\"data-opacity\")})})}),d}var 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l=i({},t.layout),s=[[l,[\"plot_bgcolor\"],[\"backgroundColor\"]],[l,[\"showlegend\"],[\"showLegend\"]],[l,[\"radialaxis\"],[\"radialAxis\"]],[l,[\"angularaxis\"],[\"angularAxis\"]],[l.angularaxis,[\"showline\"],[\"gridLinesVisible\"]],[l.angularaxis,[\"showticklabels\"],[\"labelsVisible\"]],[l.angularaxis,[\"nticks\"],[\"ticksCount\"]],[l.angularaxis,[\"tickorientation\"],[\"tickOrientation\"]],[l.angularaxis,[\"ticksuffix\"],[\"ticksSuffix\"]],[l.angularaxis,[\"range\"],[\"domain\"]],[l.angularaxis,[\"endpadding\"],[\"endPadding\"]],[l.radialaxis,[\"showline\"],[\"gridLinesVisible\"]],[l.radialaxis,[\"tickorientation\"],[\"tickOrientation\"]],[l.radialaxis,[\"ticksuffix\"],[\"ticksSuffix\"]],[l.radialaxis,[\"range\"],[\"domain\"]],[l.angularAxis,[\"showline\"],[\"gridLinesVisible\"]],[l.angularAxis,[\"showticklabels\"],[\"labelsVisible\"]],[l.angularAxis,[\"nticks\"],[\"ticksCount\"]],[l.angularAxis,[\"tickorientation\"],[\"tickOrientation\"]],[l.angularAxis,[\"ticksuffix\"],[\"ticksSuffix\"]],[l.angularAxis,[\"range\"],[\"domain\"]],[l.angularAxis,[\"endpadding\"],[\"endPadding\"]],[l.radialAxis,[\"showline\"],[\"gridLinesVisible\"]],[l.radialAxis,[\"tickorientation\"],[\"tickOrientation\"]],[l.radialAxis,[\"ticksuffix\"],[\"ticksSuffix\"]],[l.radialAxis,[\"range\"],[\"domain\"]],[l.font,[\"outlinecolor\"],[\"outlineColor\"]],[l.legend,[\"traceorder\"],[\"reverseOrder\"]],[l,[\"labeloffset\"],[\"labelOffset\"]],[l,[\"defaultcolorrange\"],[\"defaultColorRange\"]]];if(s.forEach(function(t,n){o.util.translator.apply(null,t.concat(e))}),e?(\"undefined\"!=typeof l.tickLength&&(l.angularaxis.ticklen=l.tickLength,delete l.tickLength),l.tickColor&&(l.angularaxis.tickcolor=l.tickColor,delete l.tickColor)):(l.angularAxis&&\"undefined\"!=typeof l.angularAxis.ticklen&&(l.tickLength=l.angularAxis.ticklen),l.angularAxis&&\"undefined\"!=typeof l.angularAxis.tickcolor&&(l.tickColor=l.angularAxis.tickcolor)),l.legend&&\"boolean\"!=typeof l.legend.reverseOrder&&(l.legend.reverseOrder=\"normal\"!=l.legend.reverseOrder),l.legend&&\"boolean\"==typeof l.legend.traceorder&&(l.legend.traceorder=l.legend.traceorder?\"reversed\":\"normal\",delete l.legend.reverseOrder),l.margin&&\"undefined\"!=typeof l.margin.t){var c=[\"t\",\"r\",\"b\",\"l\",\"pad\"],u=[\"top\",\"right\",\"bottom\",\"left\",\"pad\"],f={};a.entries(l.margin).forEach(function(t,e){f[u[c.indexOf(t.key)]]=t.value}),l.margin=f}e&&(delete l.needsEndSpacing,delete l.minorTickColor,delete l.minorTicks,delete l.angularaxis.ticksCount,delete l.angularaxis.ticksCount,delete l.angularaxis.ticksStep,delete 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strict\";function r(t,e){for(var n=[],r=0;r<t.length;r++){var a=t[r],o=a[0].trace;o._module===e&&o.visible===!0&&n.push(a)}return n}var a=t(\"../../plots/plots\");n.name=\"pie\",n.plot=function(t){var e=a.getModule(\"pie\"),n=r(t.calcdata,e);n.length&&e.plot(t,n)},n.clean=function(t,e,n,r){var a=r._has&&r._has(\"pie\"),o=e._has&&e._has(\"pie\");a&&!o&&r._pielayer.selectAll(\"g.trace\").remove()}},{\"../../plots/plots\":130}],157:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";function r(t){if(!s){var e=i.defaults;s=e.slice();var n;for(n=0;n<e.length;n++)s.push(o(e[n]).lighten(20).toHexString());for(n=0;n<i.defaults.length;n++)s.push(o(e[n]).darken(20).toHexString())}return s[t%s.length]}var a=t(\"fast-isnumeric\"),o=t(\"tinycolor2\"),i=t(\"../../components/color\"),l=t(\"./helpers\");e.exports=function(t,e){var n,s,c,u,f,d,h=e.values,p=e.labels,g=[],v=t._fullLayout,m=v._piecolormap,y={},x=!1,b=0,_=v.hiddenlabels||[];if(e.dlabel)for(p=new Array(h.length),n=0;n<h.length;n++)p[n]=String(e.label0+n*e.dlabel);for(n=0;n<h.length;n++)s=h[n],a(s)&&(s=+s,0>s||(c=p[n],void 0!==c&&\"\"!==c||(c=n),c=String(c),void 0===y[c]&&(y[c]=!0,u=o(e.marker.colors[n]),u.isValid()?(u=i.addOpacity(u,u.getAlpha()),m[c]||(m[c]=u)):m[c]?u=m[c]:(u=!1,x=!0),f=-1!==_.indexOf(c),f||(b+=s),g.push({v:s,label:c,color:u,i:n,hidden:f}))));if(e.sort&&g.sort(function(t,e){return e.v-t.v}),x)for(n=0;n<g.length;n++)d=g[n],d.color===!1&&(m[d.label]=d.color=r(v._piedefaultcolorcount),v._piedefaultcolorcount++);if(g[0]&&(g[0].vTotal=b),e.textinfo&&\"none\"!==e.textinfo){var w,k=-1!==e.textinfo.indexOf(\"label\"),M=-1!==e.textinfo.indexOf(\"text\"),A=-1!==e.textinfo.indexOf(\"value\"),L=-1!==e.textinfo.indexOf(\"percent\"),T=v.separators;for(n=0;n<g.length;n++)d=g[n],w=k?[d.label]:[],M&&e.text[d.i]&&w.push(e.text[d.i]),A&&w.push(l.formatPieValue(d.v,T)),L&&w.push(l.formatPiePercent(d.v/b,T)),d.text=w.join(\"<br>\")}return g};var s},{\"../../components/color\":18,\"./helpers\":159,\"fast-isnumeric\":11,tinycolor2:13}],158:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"../../lib\"),a=t(\"./attributes\");e.exports=function(t,e,n,o){function i(n,o){return r.coerce(t,e,a,n,o)}var l=r.coerceFont,s=i(\"values\");if(!Array.isArray(s)||!s.length)return void(e.visible=!1);var c=i(\"labels\");Array.isArray(c)||(i(\"label0\"),i(\"dlabel\"));var u=i(\"marker.line.width\");u&&i(\"marker.line.color\");var f=i(\"marker.colors\");Array.isArray(f)||(e.marker.colors=[]),i(\"scalegroup\");var d=i(\"text\"),h=i(\"textinfo\",Array.isArray(d)?\"text+percent\":\"percent\");if(i(\"hoverinfo\",1===o._dataLength?\"label+text+value+percent\":void 0),h&&\"none\"!==h){var p=i(\"textposition\"),g=Array.isArray(p)||\"auto\"===p,v=g||\"inside\"===p,m=g||\"outside\"===p;if(v||m){var y=l(i,\"textfont\",o.font);v&&l(i,\"insidetextfont\",y),m&&l(i,\"outsidetextfont\",y)}}i(\"domain.x\"),i(\"domain.y\"),i(\"hol"
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r={};r.attributes=t(\"./attributes\"),r.supplyDefaults=t(\"./defaults\"),r.supplyLayoutDefaults=t(\"./layout_defaults\"),r.layoutAttributes=t(\"./layout_attributes\"),r.calc=t(\"./calc\"),r.plot=t(\"./plot\"),r.style=t(\"./style\"),r.styleOne=t(\"./style_one\"),r.moduleType=\"trace\",r.name=\"pie\",r.basePlotModule=t(\"./base_plot\"),r.categories=[\"pie\",\"showLegend\"],r.meta={},e.exports=r},{\"./attributes\":155,\"./base_plot\":156,\"./calc\":157,\"./defaults\":158,\"./layout_attributes\":161,\"./layout_defaults\":162,\"./plot\":163,\"./style\":164,\"./style_one\":165}],161:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";e.exports={hiddenlabels:{valType:\"data_array\"}}},{}],162:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"../../lib\"),a=t(\"./layout_attributes\");e.exports=function(t,e){function n(n,o){return r.coerce(t,e,a,n,o)}n(\"hiddenlabels\")}},{\"../../lib\":89,\"./layout_attributes\":161}],163:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";function r(t,e,n){var r=Math.sqrt(t.width*t.width+t.height*t.height),o=t.width/t.height,i=Math.PI*Math.min(e.v/n.vTotal,.5),l=1-n.trace.hole,s=a(e,n),c={scale:s*n.r*2/r,rCenter:1-s,rotate:0};if(c.scale>=1)return c;var u=o+1/(2*Math.tan(i)),f=n.r*Math.min(1/(Math.sqrt(u*u+.5)+u),l/(Math.sqrt(o*o+l/2)+o)),d={scale:2*f/t.height,rCenter:Math.cos(f/n.r)-f*o/n.r,rotate:(180/Math.PI*e.midangle+720)%180-90},h=1/o,p=h+1/(2*Math.tan(i)),g=n.r*Math.min(1/(Math.sqrt(p*p+.5)+p),l/(Math.sqrt(h*h+l/2)+h)),v={scale:2*g/t.width,rCenter:Math.cos(g/n.r)-g/o/n.r,rotate:(180/Math.PI*e.midangle+810)%180-90},m=v.scale>d.scale?v:d;return c.scale<1&&m.scale>c.scale?m:c}function a(t,e){if(t.v===e.vTotal&&!e.trace.hole)return 1;var n=Math.PI*Math.min(t.v/e.vTotal,.5);return Math.min(1/(1+1/Math.sin(n)),(1-e.trace.hole)/2)}function o(t,e){var n=e.pxmid[0],r=e.pxmid[1],a=t.width/2,o=t.height/2;return 0>n&&(a*=-1),0>r&&(o*=-1),{scale:1,rCenter:1,rotate:0,x:a+Math.abs(o)*(a>0?1:-1)/2,y:o/(1+n*n/(r*r)),outside:!0}}function i(t,e){function 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y=g&&v[g-1];m&&!g&&(y=m),a(v[g],y)}}}function l(t,e){var n,r,a,o,i,l,s,u,f,d,h=[];for(a=0;a<t.length;a++){if(i=t[a][0],l=i.trace,n=e.w*(l.domain.x[1]-l.domain.x[0]),r=e.h*(l.domain.y[1]-l.domain.y[0]),s=l.tiltaxis*Math.PI/180,u=l.pull,Array.isArray(u))for(u=0,o=0;o<l.pull.length;o++)l.pull[o]>u&&(u=l.pull[o]);i.r=Math.min(n/c(l.tilt,Math.sin(s),l.depth),r/c(l.tilt,Math.cos(s),l.depth))/(2+2*u),i.cx=e.l+e.w*(l.domain.x[1]+l.domain.x[0])/2,i.cy=e.t+e.h*(2-l.domain.y[1]-l.domain.y[0])/2,l.scalegroup&&-1===h.indexOf(l.scalegroup)&&h.push(l.scalegroup)}for(o=0;o<h.length;o++){for(d=1/0,f=h[o],a=0;a<t.length;a++)i=t[a][0],i.trace.scalegroup===f&&(d=Math.min(d,i.r*i.r/i.vTotal));for(a=0;a<t.length;a++)i=t[a][0],i.trace.scalegroup===f&&(i.r=Math.sqrt(d*i.vTotal))}}function s(t){function e(t){var e=f.r*Math.sin(t),n=-f.r*Math.cos(t);return h?[e*(1-l*r*r)+n*i*l,e*i*l+n*(1-l*a*a),Math.sin(o)*(n*a-e*r)]:[e,n]}var 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c=n._pielayer.selectAll(\"g.trace\").data(e);c.enter().append(\"g\").attr({\"stroke-linejoin\":\"round\",\"class\":\"trace\"}),c.exit().remove(),c.order(),c.each(function(e){var l=u.select(this),c=e[0],v=c.trace,m=0,y=(v.depth||0)*c.r*Math.sin(m)/2,x=v.tiltaxis||0,b=x*Math.PI/180,_=[y*Math.sin(b),y*Math.cos(b)],w=c.r*Math.cos(m),k=l.selectAll(\"g.part\").data(v.tilt?[\"top\",\"sides\"]:[\"top\"]);k.enter().append(\"g\").attr(\"class\",function(t){return t+\" part\"}),k.exit().remove(),k.order(),s(e),l.selectAll(\".top\").each(function(){var l=u.select(this).selectAll(\"g.slice\").data(e);l.enter().append(\"g\").classed(\"slice\",!0),l.exit().remove();var s=[[[],[]],[[],[]]],m=!1;l.each(function(i){function l(e){var r=t._fullLayout,o=t._fullData[v.index],l=o.hoverinfo;if(\"all\"===l&&(l=\"label+text+value+percent+name\"),!t._dragging&&r.hovermode!==!1&&\"none\"!==l&&l){var s=a(i,c),u=k+i.pxmid[0]*(1-s),d=M+i.pxmid[1]*(1-s),h=n.separators,p=[];-1!==l.indexOf(\"label\")&&p.push(i.label),o.text&&o.text[i.i]&&-1!==l.indexOf(\"text\")&&p.push(o.text[i.i]),-1!==l.indexOf(\"value\")&&p.push(g.formatPieValue(i.v,h)),-1!==l.indexOf(\"percent\")&&p.push(g.formatPiePercent(i.v/c.vTotal,h)),f.loneHover({x0:u-s*c.r,x1:u+s*c.r,y:d,text:p.join(\"<br>\"),name:-1!==l.indexOf(\"name\")?o.name:void 0,color:i.color,idealAlign:i.pxmid[0]<0?\"left\":\"right\"},{container:r._hoverlayer.node(),outerContainer:r._paper.node()}),f.hover(t,e,\"pie\"),T=!0}}function d(e){t.emit(\"plotly_unhover\",{points:[e]}),T&&(f.loneUnhover(n._hoverlayer.node()),T=!1)}function y(){t._hoverdata=[i],t._hoverdata.trace=e.trace,f.click(t,{target:!0})}function b(t,e,n,r){return\"a\"+r*c.r+\",\"+r*w+\" \"+x+\" \"+i.largeArc+(n?\" 1 \":\" 0 \")+r*(e[0]-t[0])+\",\"+r*(e[1]-t[1])}if(i.hidden)return void u.select(this).selectAll(\"path,g\").remove();s[i.pxmid[1]<0?0:1][i.pxmid[0]<0?0:1].push(i);var k=c.cx+_[0],M=c.cy+_[1],A=u.select(this),L=A.selectAll(\"path.surface\").data([i]),T=!1;if(L.enter().append(\"path\").classed(\"surface\",!0).style({\"pointer-events\":\"all\"}),A.select(\"path.textline\").remove(),A.on(\"mouseover\",l).on(\"mouseout\",d).on(\"click\",y),v.pull){var z=+(Array.isArray(v.pull)?v.pull[i.i]:v.pull)||0;z>0&&(k+=z*i.pxmid[0],M+=z*i.pxmid[1])}i.cxFinal=k,i.cyFinal=M;var S=v.hole;if(i.v===c.vTotal){var E=\"M\"+(k+i.px0[0])+\",\"+(M+i.px0[1])+b(i.px0,i.pxmid,!0,1)+b(i.pxmid,i.px0,!0,1)+\"Z\";S?L.attr(\"d\",\"M\"+(k+S*i.px0[0])+\",\"+(M+S*i.px0[1])+b(i.px0,i.pxmid,!1,S)+b(i.pxmid,i.px0,!1,S)+\"Z\"+E):L.attr(\"d\",E)}else{var C=b(i.px0,i.px1,!0,1);if(S){var O=1-S;L.attr(\"d\",\"M\"+(k+S*i.px1[0])+\",\"+(M+S*i.px1[1])+b(i.px1,i.px0,!1,S)+\"l\"+O*i.px0[0]+\",\"+O*i.px0[1]+C+\"Z\")}else L.attr(\"d\",\"M\"+k+\",\"+M+\"l\"+i.px0[0]+\",\"+i.px0[1]+C+\"Z\")}var P=Array.isArray(v.textposition)?v.textposition[i.i]:v.textposition,N=A.selectAll(\"g.slicetext\").data(i.text&&\"none\"!==P?[0]:[]);N.enter().append(\"g\").classed(\"slicetext\",!0),N.exit().remove(),N.each(function(){var t=u.select(this).selectAll(\"text\").data([0]);t.enter().append(\"text\").attr(\"data-notex\",1),t.exit().remove(),t.text(i.text).attr({\"class\":\"slicetext\",transform:\"\",\"data-bb\":\"\",\"text-anchor\":\"middle\",x:0,y:0}).call(h.font,\"outside\"===P?v.outsidetextfont:v.insidetextfont).call(p.convertToTspans),t.selectAll(\"tspan.line\").attr({x:0,y:0});var e,n=h.bBox(t.node());\"outside\"===P?e=o(n,i):(e=r(n,i,c),\"auto\"===P&&e.scale<1&&(t.call(h.font,v.outsidetextfont),v.outsidetextfont.family===v.insidetextfont.family&&v.outsidetextfont.size===v.insidetextfont.size||(t.attr({\"data-bb\":\"\"}),n=h.bBox(t.node())),e=o(n,i)));var a=k+i.pxmid[0]*e.rCenter+(e.x||0),l=M+i.pxmid[1]*e.rCenter+(e.y||0);e.outside&&(i.yLabelMin=l-n.height/2,i.yLabelMid=l,i.yLabelMax=l+n.height/2,i.labelExtraX=0,i.labelExtraY=0,m=!0),t.attr(\"transform\",\"translate(\"+a+\",\"+l+\")\"+(e.scale<1?\"scale(\"+e.scale+\")\":\"\")+(e.rotate?\"rotate(\"+e.rotate+\")\":\"\")+\"translate(\"+-(n.left+n.right)/2+\",\"+-(n.top+n.bottom)/2+\")\")})}),m&&i(s,v),l.each(function(t){if(t.labelExtraX||t.labelExtraY){var e=u.select(this),n=e.select(\"g.slicetext text\");n.attr(\"transform\",\"translate(\"+t.labelExtraX+\",\"+t.labelExtraY+\")\"+n.attr(\"transform\"));var r=t.cxFinal+t.pxmid[0],a=t.cyFinal+t.pxmid[1],o=\"M\"+r+\",\"+a,i=(t.yLabelMax-t.yLabelMin)*(t.pxmid[0]<0?-1:1)/4;if(t.labelExtraX){var l=t.labelExtraX*t.pxmid[1]/t.pxmid[0],s=t.yLabelMid+t.labelExtraY-(t.cyFinal+t.pxmid[1]);o+=Math.abs(l)>Math.abs(s)?\"l\"+s*t.pxmid[0]/t.pxmid[1]+\",\"+s+\"H\"+(r+t.labelExtraX+i):\"l\"+t.labelExtraX+\",\"+l+\"v\"+(s-l)+\"h\"+i}else o+=\"V\"+(t.yLabelMid+t.labelExtraY)+\"h\"+i;e.append(\"path\").classed(\"textline\",!0).call(d.stroke,v.outsidetextfont.color).attr({\"stroke-width\":Math.min(2,v.outsidetextfont.size/8),d:o,fill:\"none\"})}})})}),setTimeout(function(){c.selectAll(\"tspan\").each(function(){var t=u.select(this);t.attr(\"dy\")&&t.attr(\"dy\",t.attr(\"dy\"))})},0)}},{\"../../components/color\":18,\"../../components/drawing\":41,\"../../lib/svg_text_utils\":100,\"../../plots/cartesian/graph_interact\":117,\"./helpers"
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r=t(\"../../components/color\"),a=t(\"./subtypes\");e.exports=function(t,e){var n,o;if(\"lines\"===t.mode)return n=t.line.color,n&&r.opacity(n)?n:t.fillcolor;if(\"none\"===t.mode)return t.fill?t.fillcolor:\"\";var i=e.mcc||(t.marker||{}).color,l=e.mlcc||((t.marker||{}).line||{}).color;return o=i&&r.opacity(i)?i:l&&r.opacity(l)&&(e.mlw||((t.marker||{}).line||{}).width)?l:\"\",o?r.opacity(o)<.3?r.addOpacity(o,.3):o:(n=(t.line||{}).color,n&&r.opacity(n)&&a.hasLines(t)&&t.line.width?n:t.fillcolor)}},{\"../../components/color\":18,\"./subtypes\":186}],176:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"../../lib\"),a=t(\"../../plots/cartesian/graph_interact\"),o=t(\"../../plots/cartesian/constants\"),i=t(\"../../components/errorbars\"),l=t(\"./get_trace_color\"),s=t(\"../../components/color\");e.exports=function(t,e,n,c){var u=t.cd,f=u[0].trace,d=t.xa,h=t.ya,p=d.c2p(e),g=h.c2p(n),v=[p,g];if(-1!==f.hoveron.indexOf(\"points\")){var m=function(t){var e=Math.max(3,t.mrc||0);return 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e=t[0].trace,n=a.select(this),r=c.hasMarkers(e),l=c.hasText(e);!r&&!l||e.visible!==!0?n.remove():(r&&n.selectAll(\"path.point\").data(e.marker.maxdisplayed?d:o.identity).enter().append(\"path\").classed(\"point\",!0).call(i.translatePoints,h,p),l&&n.selectAll(\"g\").data(e.marker.maxdisplayed?d:o.identity).enter().append(\"g\").append(\"text\").call(i.translatePoints,h,p))})}},{\"../../components/drawing\":41,\"../../components/errorbars\":47,\"../../lib\":89,\"../../lib/polygon\":95,\"./arrays_to_calcdata\":166,\"./line_points\":179,\"./subtypes\":186,d3:9}],184:[function(t,e,n){\"use strict\";var r=t(\"./subtypes\"),a=.2;e.exports=function(t,e){var n,o,i,l,s=t.cd,c=t.xaxis,u=t.yaxis,f=[],d=s[0].trace,h=d.index,p=d.marker,g=!r.hasMarkers(d)&&!r.hasText(d);if(d.visible===!0&&!g){var v=Array.isArray(p.opacity)?1:p.opacity;if(e===!1)for(n=0;n<s.length;n++)s[n].dim=0;else 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+" </head>\n"
+" <body>\n"
+"   <div id=\"header\">\n"
+"     <label>plot:</label>\n"
+"     <div class=\"select\">\n"
+"       <span class=\"arr\"></span>\n"
+,
+"       <select id=\"chooser\">\n"
+"         <option value=\"summary\">summary</option>\n"
+"         {% for run in runs %}\n"
+"         <option value=\"{$loop.index0}\">samples\n"
+"           {% for param in run.params %}\n"
+"           | {$param.name}={$param.value}\n"
+"           {% endfor %}\n"
+"         </option>\n"
+"         {% endfor %}\n"
+"       </select>\n"
+"     </div>\n"
+"     <div class=\"is-sorted\">\n"
+"       <input id=\"is-sorted\" type=\"checkbox\"/>\n"
+"       <label for=\"is-sorted\">sorted</label>\n"
+"     </div>\n"
+"   </div>\n"
+"   <div id=\"plot\"></div>\n"
+"   <div id=\"footer\">Generated with <a href=\"http://flamingdangerzone.com/nonius\">nonius</a></div>\n"
+"   <script type=\"text/javascript\"> !function () {\n"
+"    var data = {\n"
+"        title: '{$title}',\n"
+"        units: '{$units}',\n"
+"        logarithmic: {$logarithmic},\n"
+"        param: '{$runparam}',\n"
+"        runs: [\n"
+"            {% for run in runs %}{\n"
+"                params: {\n"
+"                    {% for param in run.params %}'{$param.name}': '{$param.value}',\n"
+"                    {% endfor %}\n"
+"                },\n"
+"                benchmarks: [\n"
+"                    {% for benchmark in run.benchmarks %}{\n"
+"                        name: '{$benchmark.name}',\n"
+"                        {%if benchmark.data %}\n"
+"                        mean: {$benchmark.data.mean},\n"
+"                        stddev: {$benchmark.data.stddev},\n"
+"                        samples: [\n"
+"                            {% for sample in benchmark.data.samples %}{$sample}, {% endfor %}\n"
+"                        ],\n"
+"                        {% endif %}\n"
+"                    },{% endfor %}\n"
+"                ]\n"
+"            },{% endfor %}\n"
+"        ]\n"
+"    };\n"
+"    var origOrder = data.runs[0].benchmarks.map(function (_, i) { return i; })\n"
+"    var sortOrder = computeSortedOrder();\n"
+"    var plotdiv = document.getElementById(\"plot\");\n"
+"    window.addEventListener(\"resize\", function() {\n"
+"        Plotly.Plots.resize(plotdiv);\n"
+"    });\n"
+"\n"
+"    var chooser = document.getElementById(\"chooser\");\n"
+"    chooser.addEventListener(\"change\", choosePlot);\n"
+"    chooser.addEventListener(\"blur\", chooser.focus.bind(chooser));\n"
+"    chooser.focus();\n"
+"\n"
+"    var isSortedBox = document.getElementById(\"is-sorted\");\n"
+"    isSortedBox.addEventListener(\"change\", choosePlot);\n"
+"\n"
+"    var legendStyle = {\n"
+"        font: { family: 'monospace' },\n"
+"        borderwidth: 2,\n"
+"        bordercolor: 'black'\n"
+"    }\n"
+"\n"
+"    function zeroes(count) {\n"
+"        var arr = []\n"
+"        while (count --> 0) arr.push(0)\n"
+"        return arr\n"
+"    }\n"
+"\n"
+"    function computeSortedOrder() {\n"
+"        // We sort each run.  Then we compute the \"points\" of each\n"
+"        // benchmark as the sum of the positions of this benchmkark on\n"
+"        // each run.  This gives us a rough indication of which\n"
+"        // benchmark is best -- the lower the points, the better.\n"
+"        var runsOrder = data.runs.map(function (r) {\n"
+"            order = r.benchmarks.map(function (_, i) { return i; })\n"
+"            order.sort(function (a, b) {\n"
+"                return r.benchmarks[a].mean - r.benchmarks[b].mean\n"
+"            })\n"
+"            return order\n"
+"        })\n"
+"        var length = data.runs[0].benchmarks.length\n"
+"        var points = runsOrder.reduce(function (acc, r) {\n"
+"            r.forEach(function (elem, idx) {\n"
+"                acc[elem] += idx\n"
+"            })\n"
+"            return acc\n"
+"        }, zeroes(length))\n"
+"        var order = data.runs[0].benchmarks.map(function (_, i) { return i; })\n"
+"        order.sort(function (a, b) {\n"
+"            return points[a] - points[b]\n"
+"        })\n"
+"        return order\n"
+"    }\n"
+"\n"
+"    function choosePlot() {\n"
+"        var plot = chooser.options[chooser.selectedIndex].value\n"
+"        var order = isSortedBox.checked ? sortOrder : origOrder\n"
+"        if (plot == 'summary') {\n"
+"            if (data.runs.length > 1) {\n"
+"                plotSummary(order);\n"
+"            } else {\n"
+"                plotSingleSummary(order);\n"
+"            }\n"
+"        } else {\n"
+"            plotSamples(plot, order);\n"
+"        }\n"
+"    }\n"
+"\n"
+"    function plotSamples(plot, order) {\n"
+"        var run = data.runs[plot];\n"
+"        var traces = order.map(function (i) {\n"
+"            var b = run.benchmarks[i]\n"
+"            return {\n"
+"                name: b.name,\n"
+"                type: 'scatter',\n"
+"                mode: 'markers',\n"
+"                marker: { symbol: i },\n"
+"                y: b.samples,\n"
+"                x: b.samples && b.samples.map(function (_, i) { return i; })\n"
+"            }\n"
+"        });\n"
+"        var layout = {\n"
+"            title: data.title,\n"
+"            showLegend: true,\n"
+"            xaxis: { title: 'Measurement' },\n"
+"            yaxis: {\n"
+"                title: 'Time (' + data.units + ')',\n"
+"                rangemode: 'tozero',\n"
+"                zeroline: true\n"
+"            },\n"
+"            legend: legendStyle\n"
+"        };\n"
+"        Plotly.newPlot(plotdiv, traces, layout);\n"
+"    }\n"
+"\n"
+"    function plotSummary(order) {\n"
+"        var traces = order.map(function (i) {\n"
+"            return {\n"
+"                name: data.runs[0].benchmarks[i].name,\n"
+"                type: 'scatter',\n"
+"                marker: { symbol: i },\n"
+"                x: data.runs.map(function (r) { return r.params[data.param]; }),\n"
+"                y: data.runs.map(function (r) { return r.benchmarks[i].mean; }),\n"
+"                error_y: {\n"
+"                    type: 'data',\n"
+"                    array: data.runs.map(function (r) { return r.benchmarks[i].stddev; }),\n"
+"                    visible: true\n"
+"                }\n"
+"            }\n"
+"        });\n"
+"        var layout = {\n"
+"            title: data.title,\n"
+"            showLegend: true,\n"
+"            xaxis: {\n"
+"                title: data.param,\n"
+"                type: data.logarithmic ? 'log' : '',\n"
+"            },\n"
+"            yaxis: {\n"
+"                title: 'Time (' + data.units + ')',\n"
+"                rangemode: 'tozero',\n"
+"                zeroline: true,\n"
+"                type: data.logarithmic ? 'log' : '',\n"
+"            },\n"
+"            legend: legendStyle\n"
+"        };\n"
+"        Plotly.newPlot(plotdiv, traces, layout);\n"
+"    }\n"
+"\n"
+"    function plotSingleSummary(order) {\n"
+"        var traces = order.map(function (i) {\n"
+"            var b = data.runs[0].benchmarks[i]\n"
+"            return {\n"
+"                type: 'bar',\n"
+"                name: b.name,\n"
+"                x: [ data.title ],\n"
+"                y: [ b.mean ],\n"
+"                error_y: {\n"
+"                    type: 'data',\n"
+"                    array: [ b.stddev ],\n"
+"                    visible: true\n"
+"                }\n"
+"            }\n"
+"        });\n"
+"        var layout = {\n"
+"            title: data.title,\n"
+"            showLegend: true,\n"
+"            xaxis: {\n"
+"                title: '',\n"
+"                showticklabels: false,\n"
+"            },\n"
+"            yaxis: {\n"
+"                title: 'Time (' + data.units + ')',\n"
+"                rangemode: 'tozero',\n"
+"                zeroline: true\n"
+"            },\n"
+"            legend: legendStyle\n"
+"        };\n"
+"        Plotly.newPlot(plotdiv, traces, layout);\n"
+"    }\n"
+"\n"
+"    choosePlot();\n"
+"}();\n"
+" </script>\n"
+" </body>\n"
+"</html>\n"
+            };
+            static std::string const the_template = []() -> std::string {
+                std::string s;
+                for(auto part : template_parts) {
+                    s += part;
+                }
+                return s;
+            }();
+            return the_template;
+        }
+
+        std::string description() override {
+            return "outputs an HTML file with a single interactive chart of all benchmarks";
+        }
+
+        void do_configure(configuration& cfg) override {
+            cfg.no_analysis = false;
+            title = cfg.title;
+            n_samples = cfg.samples;
+            verbose = cfg.verbose;
+            logarithmic = cfg.params.run && cfg.params.run->op == "*";
+            run_param = cfg.params.run ? cfg.params.run->name : "";
+        }
+
+        void do_warmup_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "warming up\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_resolution_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "estimating clock resolution\n";
+        }
+        void do_estimate_clock_cost_start() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "estimating cost of a clock call\n";
+        }
+
+        void do_params_start(parameters const& params) override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "\n\nnew parameter round\n" << params;
+            runs.emplace_back();
+            runs.back().params = params;
+        }
+        void do_benchmark_start(std::string const& name) override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "\nbenchmarking " << name << "\n";
+            runs.back().data.push_back({name, {}, {}});
+        }
+
+        void do_measurement_start(execution_plan<fp_seconds> plan) override {
+            progress_stream() << std::setprecision(7);
+            progress_stream().unsetf(std::ios::floatfield);
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "collecting " << n_samples << " samples, " << plan.iterations_per_sample << " iterations each, in estimated " << detail::pretty_duration(plan.estimated_duration) << "\n";
+        }
+        void do_measurement_complete(std::vector<fp_seconds> const& samples) override {
+            runs.back().data.back().samples = samples;
+        }
+        void do_analysis_complete(sample_analysis<fp_seconds> const& analysis) override {
+            runs.back().data.back().analysis = analysis;
+        }
+        void do_benchmark_failure(std::exception_ptr) override {
+            error_stream() << runs.back().data.back().name << " failed to run successfully\n";
+        }
+
+        void do_suite_complete() override {
+            if(verbose) progress_stream() << "\ngenerating HTML report\n";
+
+            auto&& templ = template_string();
+            auto magnitude = ideal_magnitude();
+
+            cpptempl::data_map map;
+            map["title"] = escape(title);
+            map["units"] = detail::units_for_magnitude(magnitude);
+            map["logarithmic"] = logarithmic;
+            map["runparam"] = run_param;
+            for (auto&& r : runs) {
+                cpptempl::data_map run_item;
+                cpptempl::data_list params;
+                for (auto&& p : r.params) {
+                    cpptempl::data_map item;
+                    item["name"] = p.first;
+                    item["value"] = p.second;
+                    params.push_back(item);
+                }
+                run_item["params"] = cpptempl::make_data(params);
+                for(auto&& d : r.data) {
+                    cpptempl::data_map item;
+                    item["name"] = escape(d.name);
+                    cpptempl::data_map data;
+                    if (!d.samples.empty()) {
+                        data["mean"] = truncate(d.analysis.mean.point.count() * magnitude);
+                        data["stddev"] = truncate(d.analysis.standard_deviation.point.count() * magnitude);
+                        for(auto e : d.samples)
+                            data["samples"].push_back(truncate(e.count() * magnitude));
+                    }
+                    item["data"] = data;
+                    run_item["benchmarks"].push_back(item);
+                }
+                map["runs"].push_back(run_item);
+            }
+
+            cpptempl::parse(report_stream(), templ, map);
+            report_stream() << std::flush;
+            if(verbose) {
+                progress_stream() << "\n\nresult summary ("
+                                  << detail::units_for_magnitude(magnitude)
+                                  << ")\n";
+                for (auto&& r : runs) {
+                    for (auto&& p : r.params)
+                        progress_stream() << "\n  " << p.first << " = " << p.second;
+                    progress_stream() << "\n";
+                    for(auto&& d : r.data) {
+                        progress_stream() << "  " << d.name << "\t "
+                                  << truncate(d.analysis.mean.point.count() * magnitude) << "\t "
+                                  << truncate(d.analysis.standard_deviation.point.count() * magnitude)
+                                  << "\n";
+                    }
+                }
+                progress_stream() << "\ndone\n";
+                progress_stream() << std::flush;
+            }
+        }
+
+        static double truncate(double x) {
+            return std::trunc(x * 1000.) / 1000.;
+        }
+
+        double ideal_magnitude() const {
+            std::vector<fp_seconds> mins;
+            mins.reserve(runs.size() * runs.front().data.size());
+            for (auto&& r : runs) {
+                for(auto&& d : r.data) {
+                    if (d.samples.begin() != d.samples.end())
+                        mins.push_back(*std::min_element(d.samples.begin(), d.samples.end()));
+                }
+            }
+            auto min = *std::min_element(mins.begin(), mins.end());
+            return detail::get_magnitude(min);
+        }
+
+        static std::string escape(std::string const& source) {
+            static const std::unordered_map<char, std::string> escapes {
+                { '\'', "&apos;" },
+                { '"',  "&quot;" },
+                { '<',  "&lt;"   },
+                { '>',  "&gt;"   },
+                { '&',  "&amp;"  },
+                { '\\',  "\\\\"  },
+            };
+            return detail::escape(source, escapes);
+        }
+
+        struct result_t {
+            std::string name;
+            std::vector<fp_seconds> samples;
+            sample_analysis<fp_seconds> analysis;
+        };
+
+        struct run_t {
+            parameters params;
+            std::vector<result_t> data;
+        };
+
+        int n_samples;
+        bool verbose;
+        std::string title;
+        bool logarithmic;
+        std::string run_param;
+        std::vector<run_t> runs;
+    };
+
+    NONIUS_REPORTER("html", html_reporter);
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#endif // NONIUS_DISABLE_HTML_REPORTER
+#endif // NONIUS_DISABLE_EXTRA_REPORTERS
+
+#endif // NONIUS_HPP
+// #included from: main.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Executable building kit
+
+#define NONIUS_MAIN_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/argparse.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// Command-line argument parsing
+
+#define NONIUS_ARGPARSE_HPP
+
+// #included from: detail/mismatch.h++
+// Nonius - C++ benchmarking tool
+//
+// Written in 2014- by the nonius contributors <nonius@rmf.io>
+//
+// To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related
+// and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
+// distributed without any warranty.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along with this software.
+// If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>
+
+// mismatch algorithm
+
+#define NONIUS_DETAIL_MISMATCH_HPP
+
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename InputIt1, typename InputIt2, typename BinaryPredicate>
+        std::pair<InputIt1, InputIt2> mismatch(InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2, BinaryPredicate p) {
+            while(first1 != last1 && first2 != last2 && p(*first1, *first2)) {
+                ++first1, ++first2;
+            }
+            return std::make_pair(first1, first2);
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        struct option {
+            bool matches_short(std::string const& s) const {
+                return s == ("-" + short_form);
+            }
+            std::tuple<bool, std::string::const_iterator> long_separator(std::string const& s) const {
+                auto l = "--" + long_form;
+                auto its = detail::mismatch(s.begin(), s.end(), l.begin(), l.end(), [](char a, char b) { return a == b; });
+                return std::make_tuple(its.second == l.end(), its.first);
+            }
+            bool matches_long(std::string const& s) const {
+                return std::get<0>(long_separator(s));
+            }
+            bool matches_long(std::string const& s, std::string& argument) const {
+                bool match; std::string::const_iterator it;
+                std::tie(match, it) = long_separator(s);
+                if(match && it != s.end()) {
+                    if(*it == '=') argument.assign(it+1, s.end());
+                    else return false;
+                }
+                return match;
+            }
+
+            option(std::string long_form, std::string short_form, std::string description, std::string argument = std::string(), bool multiple = false)
+            : long_form(std::move(long_form)), short_form(std::move(short_form)), description(std::move(description)), argument(std::move(argument)), multiple(multiple) {}
+
+            std::string long_form;
+            std::string short_form;
+            std::string description;
+            std::string argument;
+            bool multiple;
+        };
+
+        using option_set = std::vector<option>;
+
+        struct help_text {
+            help_text(std::string name, option_set const& options) : name(std::move(name)), options(options) {}
+            std::string name;
+            option_set const& options;
+        };
+
+        template <typename Iterator, typename Projection>
+        int get_max_width(Iterator first, Iterator last, Projection proj) {
+            auto it = std::max_element(first, last, [&proj](option const& a, option const& b) { return proj(a) < proj(b); });
+            return static_cast<int>(proj(*it));
+        }
+
+        inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, help_text h) {
+            os << "Usage: " << h.name << " [OPTIONS]\n\n";
+
+            auto lwidth = 2 + get_max_width(h.options.begin(), h.options.end(), [](option const& o) { return 2 + o.long_form.size() + 1 + o.argument.size(); });
+            auto swidth = 2 + get_max_width(h.options.begin(), h.options.end(), [](option const& o) { return 1 + o.short_form.size() + 1 + o.argument.size(); });
+
+            os << std::left;
+            for(auto o : h.options) {
+                auto l = "--" + o.long_form;
+                auto s = "-" + o.short_form;
+                if(!o.argument.empty()) {
+                    l += "=" + o.argument;
+                    s += " " + o.argument;
+                }
+                os << std::setw(lwidth) << l
+                   << std::setw(swidth) << s
+                   << o.description
+                   << '\n';
+            }
+            return os;
+        }
+
+        using arguments = std::unordered_multimap<std::string, std::string>;
+
+        struct argument_error {
+            virtual ~argument_error() = default;
+        };
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        void parse_short(option const& o, arguments& args, Iterator& first, Iterator last) {
+            if(!o.argument.empty()) {
+                if(++first != last) {
+                    args.emplace(o.long_form, *first);
+                } else {
+                    throw argument_error();
+                }
+            } else {
+                args.emplace(o.long_form, "");
+            }
+        }
+        inline void parse_long(option const& o, arguments& args, std::string&& arg) {
+            args.emplace(o.long_form, std::move(arg));
+        }
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        arguments parse_arguments(option_set const& options, Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            arguments args;
+            for(; first != last; ++first) {
+                bool parsed = false;
+                for(auto&& option : options) {
+                    if(option.matches_short(*first)) {
+                        parse_short(option, args, first, last);
+                        parsed = true;
+                    } else {
+                        std::string arg;
+                        if(option.matches_long(*first, arg)) {
+                            parse_long(option, args, std::move(arg));
+                            parsed = true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if(!parsed) {
+                    throw argument_error();
+                }
+            }
+            return args;
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+} // namespace nonius
+
+#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <exception>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace nonius {
+    namespace detail {
+        template <typename T>
+        struct parser;
+        template <>
+        struct parser<int> {
+            static int parse(std::string const& s) { return std::stoi(s); }
+        };
+        template <>
+        struct parser<double> {
+            static double parse(std::string const& s) { return std::stod(s); }
+        };
+        template <>
+        struct parser<std::string> {
+            static std::string parse(std::string const& s) { return s; }
+        };
+        template <>
+        struct parser<bool> {
+            static bool parse(std::string const&) { return true; }
+        };
+        template <>
+        struct parser<param_configuration> {
+            static param_configuration parse(std::string const& param) {
+                auto v = std::vector<std::string>{};
+                boost::split(v, param, boost::is_any_of(":"));
+                try {
+                    if (v.size() > 0) {
+                        auto name = v[0];
+                        auto def  = global_param_registry().defaults().at(name);
+                        if (v.size() == 2)
+                            return {{{name, def.parse(v[1])}}, {}};
+                        else if (v.size() == 5) {
+                            auto oper  = v[1];
+                            auto init  = def.parse(v[2]);
+                            auto step  = def.parse(v[3]);
+                            auto count = boost::lexical_cast<std::size_t>(v[4]);
+                            return {{}, run_configuration{name, oper, init, step, count}};
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                catch (boost::bad_lexical_cast const&) {}
+                catch (std::out_of_range const&) {}
+                return {};
+            }
+        };
+        struct assign_fn {
+            template <typename T, typename U>
+            void operator() (T& dest, U&& src) const { dest = std::forward<U>(src); }
+        };
+        template <typename T, typename Predicate, typename Assignment=assign_fn>
+        void parse(T& variable, detail::arguments& args, std::string const& option, Predicate&& is_valid, Assignment&& assign={}) {
+            auto rng = args.equal_range(option);
+            for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; ++it) {
+                if(it != args.end()) {
+                    auto value = parser<T>::parse(it->second);
+                    if(is_valid(value)) {
+                        std::forward<Assignment>(assign) (variable, std::move(value));
+                    } else {
+                        throw argument_error();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        template <typename T>
+        void parse(T& variable, detail::arguments& args, std::string const& option) {
+            return parse(variable, args, option, [](T const&) { return true; });
+        }
+
+        inline detail::option_set const& command_line_options() {
+            static detail::option_set the_options {
+                detail::option("help", "h", "show this help message"),
+                detail::option("samples", "s", "number of samples to collect (default: 100)", "SAMPLES"),
+                detail::option("resamples", "rs", "number of resamples for the bootstrap (default: 100000)", "RESAMPLES"),
+                detail::option("confidence-interval", "ci", "confidence interval for the bootstrap (between 0 and 1, default: 0.95)", "INTERVAL"),
+                detail::option("param", "p", "set a benchmark parameter", "PARAM"),
+                detail::option("output", "o", "output file (default: <stdout>)", "FILE"),
+                detail::option("reporter", "r", "reporter to use (default: standard)", "REPORTER"),
+                detail::option("title", "t", "set report title", "TITLE"),
+                detail::option("no-analysis", "A", "perform only measurements; do not perform any analysis"),
+                detail::option("filter", "f", "only run benchmarks whose name matches the regular expression pattern", "PATTERN"),
+                detail::option("list", "l", "list benchmarks"),
+                detail::option("list-params", "lp", "list available parameters"),
+                detail::option("list-reporters", "lr", "list available reporters"),
+                detail::option("verbose", "v", "show verbose output (mutually exclusive with -q)"),
+                detail::option("summary", "q", "show summary output (mutually exclusive with -v)")
+            };
+            return the_options;
+        }
+
+        template <typename Iterator>
+        configuration parse_args(std::string const& name, Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+            try {
+                auto args = detail::parse_arguments(command_line_options(), first, last);
+
+                configuration cfg;
+
+                auto is_positive = [](int x) { return x > 0; };
+                auto is_ci = [](double x) { return x > 0 && x < 1; };
+                auto is_reporter = [](std::string const x) { return global_reporter_registry().count(x) > 0; };
+                auto is_param = [](param_configuration const& x) {
+                    return !x.map.empty() || x.run;
+                };
+                auto merge_params = [](param_configuration& x, param_configuration&& y) {
+                    x.map = std::move(x.map).merged(std::move(y.map));
+                    if (y.run) x.run = y.run;
+                };
+
+                parse(cfg.help, args, "help");
+                parse(cfg.samples, args, "samples", is_positive);
+                parse(cfg.resamples, args, "resamples", is_positive);
+                parse(cfg.confidence_interval, args, "confidence-interval", is_ci);
+                parse(cfg.params, args, "param", is_param, merge_params);
+                parse(cfg.output_file, args, "output");
+                parse(cfg.reporter, args, "reporter", is_reporter);
+                parse(cfg.no_analysis, args, "no-analysis");
+                parse(cfg.filter_pattern, args, "filter");
+                parse(cfg.list_benchmarks, args, "list");
+                parse(cfg.list_params, args, "list-params");
+                parse(cfg.list_reporters, args, "list-reporters");
+                parse(cfg.verbose, args, "verbose");
+                parse(cfg.summary, args, "summary");
+                parse(cfg.title, args, "title");
+                if(cfg.verbose && cfg.summary) throw argument_error();
+
+                return cfg;
+            } catch(...) {
+                std::cout << help_text(name, command_line_options());
+                throw argument_error();
+            }
+        }
+    } // namespace detail
+
+    inline int print_help(std::string const& name) {
+        std::cout << detail::help_text(name, detail::command_line_options());
+        return 0;
+    }
+    inline int list_benchmarks() {
+        std::cout << "All available benchmarks:\n";
+        for(auto&& b : global_benchmark_registry()) {
+            std::cout << "  " << b.name << "\n";
+        }
+        std::cout << global_benchmark_registry().size() << " benchmarks\n\n";
+        return 0;
+    }
+    inline int list_params() {
+        std::cout << "Available parameters (= default):\n"
+                  << global_param_registry().defaults();
+        return 0;
+    }
+    inline int list_reporters() {
+        using reporter_entry_ref = decltype(*global_reporter_registry().begin());
+        auto cmp = [](reporter_entry_ref a, reporter_entry_ref b) { return a.first.size() < b.first.size(); };
+        auto width = 2 + std::max_element(global_reporter_registry().begin(), global_reporter_registry().end(), cmp)->first.size();
+
+        std::cout << "Available reporters:\n";
+        std::cout << std::left;
+        for(auto&& r : global_reporter_registry()) {
+            if(!r.first.empty()) {
+                std::cout << "  " << std::setw(width) << r.first << r.second->description() << "\n";
+            }
+        }
+        std::cout << '\n';
+        return 0;
+    }
+    inline int run_it(configuration cfg) {
+        try {
+            nonius::go(cfg);
+        } catch(...) {
+            std::cerr << "PANIC: clock is on fire\n";
+            try {
+                throw;
+            } catch(std::exception const& e) {
+                std::cerr << "  " << e.what() << "\n";
+            } catch(...) {}
+            return 23;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    template <typename Iterator>
+    int main(std::string const& name, Iterator first, Iterator last) {
+        configuration cfg;
+
+        try {
+            cfg = detail::parse_args(name, first, last);
+        } catch(detail::argument_error const&) {
+            return 17;
+        }
+
+        if(cfg.help) return print_help(name);
+        else if(cfg.list_benchmarks) return list_benchmarks();
+        else if(cfg.list_params) return list_params();
+        else if(cfg.list_reporters) return list_reporters();
+        else return run_it(cfg);
+    }
+    inline int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+        std::string name(argv[0]);
+        std::vector<std::string> args(argv+1, argv+argc);
+        return main(name, args.begin(), args.end());
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef NONIUS_RUNNER
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    return nonius::main(argc, argv);
+}
+#endif // NONIUS_RUNNER
+
+#endif // NONIUS_SINGLE_INCLUDE_HPP
diff --git a/tools/include/prettyprint.hpp b/tools/include/prettyprint.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f75683ccdd51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/prettyprint.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+//          Copyright Louis Delacroix 2010 - 2014.
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+//    (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//          http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+//
+// A pretty printing library for C++
+//
+// Usage:
+// Include this header, and operator<< will "just work".
+
+#ifndef H_PRETTY_PRINT
+#define H_PRETTY_PRINT
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <memory>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <set>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <utility>
+#include <valarray>
+
+namespace pretty_print
+{
+    namespace detail
+    {
+        // SFINAE type trait to detect whether T::const_iterator exists.
+
+        struct sfinae_base
+        {
+            using yes = char;
+            using no  = yes[2];
+        };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct has_const_iterator : private sfinae_base
+        {
+        private:
+            template <typename C> static yes & test(typename C::const_iterator*);
+            template <typename C> static no  & test(...);
+        public:
+            static const bool value = sizeof(test<T>(nullptr)) == sizeof(yes);
+            using type =  T;
+        };
+
+        template <typename T>
+        struct has_begin_end : private sfinae_base
+        {
+        private:
+            template <typename C>
+            static yes & f(typename std::enable_if<
+                std::is_same<decltype(static_cast<typename C::const_iterator(C::*)() const>(&C::begin)),
+                             typename C::const_iterator(C::*)() const>::value>::type *);
+
+            template <typename C> static no & f(...);
+
+            template <typename C>
+            static yes & g(typename std::enable_if<
+                std::is_same<decltype(static_cast<typename C::const_iterator(C::*)() const>(&C::end)),
+                             typename C::const_iterator(C::*)() const>::value, void>::type*);
+
+            template <typename C> static no & g(...);
+
+        public:
+            static bool const beg_value = sizeof(f<T>(nullptr)) == sizeof(yes);
+            static bool const end_value = sizeof(g<T>(nullptr)) == sizeof(yes);
+        };
+
+    }  // namespace detail
+
+
+    // Holds the delimiter values for a specific character type
+
+    template <typename TChar>
+    struct delimiters_values
+    {
+        using char_type = TChar;
+        const char_type * prefix;
+        const char_type * delimiter;
+        const char_type * postfix;
+    };
+
+
+    // Defines the delimiter values for a specific container and character type
+
+    template <typename T, typename TChar>
+    struct delimiters
+    {
+        using type = delimiters_values<TChar>;
+        static const type values; 
+    };
+
+
+    // Functor to print containers. You can use this directly if you want
+    // to specificy a non-default delimiters type. The printing logic can
+    // be customized by specializing the nested template.
+
+    template <typename T,
+              typename TChar = char,
+              typename TCharTraits = ::std::char_traits<TChar>,
+              typename TDelimiters = delimiters<T, TChar>>
+    struct print_container_helper
+    {
+        using delimiters_type = TDelimiters;
+        using ostream_type = std::basic_ostream<TChar, TCharTraits>;
+
+        template <typename U>
+        struct printer
+        {
+            static void print_body(const U & c, ostream_type & stream)
+            {
+                using std::begin;
+                using std::end;
+
+                auto it = begin(c);
+                const auto the_end = end(c);
+
+                if (it != the_end)
+                {
+                    for ( ; ; )
+                    {
+                        stream << *it;
+
+                    if (++it == the_end) break;
+
+                    if (delimiters_type::values.delimiter != NULL)
+                        stream << delimiters_type::values.delimiter;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        print_container_helper(const T & container)
+        : container_(container)
+        { }
+
+        inline void operator()(ostream_type & stream) const
+        {
+            if (delimiters_type::values.prefix != NULL)
+                stream << delimiters_type::values.prefix;
+
+            printer<T>::print_body(container_, stream);
+
+            if (delimiters_type::values.postfix != NULL)
+                stream << delimiters_type::values.postfix;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        const T & container_;
+    };
+
+    // Specialization for pairs
+
+    template <typename T, typename TChar, typename TCharTraits, typename TDelimiters>
+    template <typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::printer<std::pair<T1, T2>>
+    {
+        using ostream_type = typename print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::ostream_type;
+
+        static void print_body(const std::pair<T1, T2> & c, ostream_type & stream)
+        {
+            stream << c.first;
+            if (print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::delimiters_type::values.delimiter != NULL)
+                stream << print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::delimiters_type::values.delimiter;
+            stream << c.second;
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Specialization for tuples
+
+    template <typename T, typename TChar, typename TCharTraits, typename TDelimiters>
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    struct print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::printer<std::tuple<Args...>>
+    {
+        using ostream_type = typename print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::ostream_type;
+        using element_type = std::tuple<Args...>;
+
+        template <std::size_t I> struct Int { };
+
+        static void print_body(const element_type & c, ostream_type & stream)
+        {
+            tuple_print(c, stream, Int<0>());
+        }
+
+        static void tuple_print(const element_type &, ostream_type &, Int<sizeof...(Args)>)
+        {
+        }
+
+        static void tuple_print(const element_type & c, ostream_type & stream,
+                                typename std::conditional<sizeof...(Args) != 0, Int<0>, std::nullptr_t>::type)
+        {
+            stream << std::get<0>(c);
+            tuple_print(c, stream, Int<1>());
+        }
+
+        template <std::size_t N>
+        static void tuple_print(const element_type & c, ostream_type & stream, Int<N>)
+        {
+            if (print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::delimiters_type::values.delimiter != NULL)
+                stream << print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters>::delimiters_type::values.delimiter;
+
+            stream << std::get<N>(c);
+
+            tuple_print(c, stream, Int<N + 1>());
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Prints a print_container_helper to the specified stream.
+
+    template<typename T, typename TChar, typename TCharTraits, typename TDelimiters>
+    inline std::basic_ostream<TChar, TCharTraits> & operator<<(
+        std::basic_ostream<TChar, TCharTraits> & stream,
+        const print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits, TDelimiters> & helper)
+    {
+        helper(stream);
+        return stream;
+    }
+
+
+    // Basic is_container template; specialize to derive from std::true_type for all desired container types
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct is_container : public std::integral_constant<bool,
+                                                        detail::has_const_iterator<T>::value &&
+                                                        detail::has_begin_end<T>::beg_value  &&
+                                                        detail::has_begin_end<T>::end_value> { };
+
+    template <typename T, std::size_t N>
+    struct is_container<T[N]> : std::true_type { };
+
+    template <std::size_t N>
+    struct is_container<char[N]> : std::false_type { };
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct is_container<std::valarray<T>> : std::true_type { };
+
+    template <typename T1, typename T2>
+    struct is_container<std::pair<T1, T2>> : std::true_type { };
+
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    struct is_container<std::tuple<Args...>> : std::true_type { };
+
+
+    // Default delimiters
+
+    template <typename T> struct delimiters<T, char> { static const delimiters_values<char> values; };
+    template <typename T> const delimiters_values<char> delimiters<T, char>::values = { "[", ", ", "]" };
+    template <typename T> struct delimiters<T, wchar_t> { static const delimiters_values<wchar_t> values; };
+    template <typename T> const delimiters_values<wchar_t> delimiters<T, wchar_t>::values = { L"[", L", ", L"]" };
+
+
+    // Delimiters for (multi)set and unordered_(multi)set
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::set<T, TComp, TAllocator>, char> { static const delimiters_values<char> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<char> delimiters< ::std::set<T, TComp, TAllocator>, char>::values = { "{", ", ", "}" };
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::set<T, TComp, TAllocator>, wchar_t> { static const delimiters_values<wchar_t> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<wchar_t> delimiters< ::std::set<T, TComp, TAllocator>, wchar_t>::values = { L"{", L", ", L"}" };
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::multiset<T, TComp, TAllocator>, char> { static const delimiters_values<char> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<char> delimiters< ::std::multiset<T, TComp, TAllocator>, char>::values = { "{", ", ", "}" };
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::multiset<T, TComp, TAllocator>, wchar_t> { static const delimiters_values<wchar_t> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename TComp, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<wchar_t> delimiters< ::std::multiset<T, TComp, TAllocator>, wchar_t>::values = { L"{", L", ", L"}" };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::unordered_set<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, char> { static const delimiters_values<char> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<char> delimiters< ::std::unordered_set<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, char>::values = { "{", ", ", "}" };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::unordered_set<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, wchar_t> { static const delimiters_values<wchar_t> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<wchar_t> delimiters< ::std::unordered_set<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, wchar_t>::values = { L"{", L", ", L"}" };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::unordered_multiset<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, char> { static const delimiters_values<char> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<char> delimiters< ::std::unordered_multiset<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, char>::values = { "{", ", ", "}" };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    struct delimiters< ::std::unordered_multiset<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, wchar_t> { static const delimiters_values<wchar_t> values; };
+
+    template <typename T, typename THash, typename TEqual, typename TAllocator>
+    const delimiters_values<wchar_t> delimiters< ::std::unordered_multiset<T, THash, TEqual, TAllocator>, wchar_t>::values = { L"{", L", ", L"}" };
+
+
+    // Delimiters for pair and tuple
+
+    template <typename T1, typename T2> struct delimiters<std::pair<T1, T2>, char> { static const delimiters_values<char> values; };
+    template <typename T1, typename T2> const delimiters_values<char> delimiters<std::pair<T1, T2>, char>::values = { "(", ", ", ")" };
+    template <typename T1, typename T2> struct delimiters< ::std::pair<T1, T2>, wchar_t> { static const delimiters_values<wchar_t> values; };
+    template <typename T1, typename T2> const delimiters_values<wchar_t> delimiters< ::std::pair<T1, T2>, wchar_t>::values = { L"(", L", ", L")" };
+
+    template <typename ...Args> struct delimiters<std::tuple<Args...>, char> { static const delimiters_values<char> values; };
+    template <typename ...Args> const delimiters_values<char> delimiters<std::tuple<Args...>, char>::values = { "(", ", ", ")" };
+    template <typename ...Args> struct delimiters< ::std::tuple<Args...>, wchar_t> { static const delimiters_values<wchar_t> values; };
+    template <typename ...Args> const delimiters_values<wchar_t> delimiters< ::std::tuple<Args...>, wchar_t>::values = { L"(", L", ", L")" };
+
+
+    // Type-erasing helper class for easy use of custom delimiters.
+    // Requires TCharTraits = std::char_traits<TChar> and TChar = char or wchar_t, and MyDelims needs to be defined for TChar.
+    // Usage: "cout << pretty_print::custom_delims<MyDelims>(x)".
+
+    struct custom_delims_base
+    {
+        virtual ~custom_delims_base() { }
+        virtual std::ostream & stream(::std::ostream &) = 0;
+        virtual std::wostream & stream(::std::wostream &) = 0;
+    };
+
+    template <typename T, typename Delims>
+    struct custom_delims_wrapper : custom_delims_base
+    {
+        custom_delims_wrapper(const T & t_) : t(t_) { }
+
+        std::ostream & stream(std::ostream & s)
+        {
+            return s << print_container_helper<T, char, std::char_traits<char>, Delims>(t);
+        }
+
+        std::wostream & stream(std::wostream & s)
+        {
+            return s << print_container_helper<T, wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, Delims>(t);
+        }
+
+    private:
+        const T & t;
+    };
+
+    template <typename Delims>
+    struct custom_delims
+    {
+        template <typename Container>
+        custom_delims(const Container & c) : base(new custom_delims_wrapper<Container, Delims>(c)) { }
+
+        std::unique_ptr<custom_delims_base> base;
+    };
+
+    template <typename TChar, typename TCharTraits, typename Delims>
+    inline std::basic_ostream<TChar, TCharTraits> & operator<<(std::basic_ostream<TChar, TCharTraits> & s, const custom_delims<Delims> & p)
+    {
+        return p.base->stream(s);
+    }
+
+
+    // A wrapper for a C-style array given as pointer-plus-size.
+    // Usage: std::cout << pretty_print_array(arr, n) << std::endl;
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct array_wrapper_n
+    {
+        typedef const T * const_iterator;
+        typedef T value_type;
+
+        array_wrapper_n(const T * const a, size_t n) : _array(a), _n(n) { }
+        inline const_iterator begin() const { return _array; }
+        inline const_iterator end() const { return _array + _n; }
+
+    private:
+        const T * const _array;
+        size_t _n;
+    };
+
+
+    // A wrapper for hash-table based containers that offer local iterators to each bucket.
+    // Usage: std::cout << bucket_print(m, 4) << std::endl;  (Prints bucket 5 of container m.)
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct bucket_print_wrapper
+    {
+        typedef typename T::const_local_iterator const_iterator;
+        typedef typename T::size_type size_type;
+
+        const_iterator begin() const
+        {
+            return m_map.cbegin(n);
+        }
+
+        const_iterator end() const
+        {
+            return m_map.cend(n);
+        }
+
+        bucket_print_wrapper(const T & m, size_type bucket) : m_map(m), n(bucket) { }
+
+    private:
+        const T & m_map;
+        const size_type n;
+    };
+
+}   // namespace pretty_print
+
+
+// Global accessor functions for the convenience wrappers
+
+template<typename T>
+inline pretty_print::array_wrapper_n<T> pretty_print_array(const T * const a, size_t n)
+{
+    return pretty_print::array_wrapper_n<T>(a, n);
+}
+
+template <typename T> pretty_print::bucket_print_wrapper<T>
+bucket_print(const T & m, typename T::size_type n)
+{
+    return pretty_print::bucket_print_wrapper<T>(m, n);
+}
+
+
+// Main magic entry point: An overload snuck into namespace std.
+// Can we do better?
+
+namespace std
+{
+    // Prints a container to the stream using default delimiters
+
+    template<typename T, typename TChar, typename TCharTraits>
+    inline typename enable_if< ::pretty_print::is_container<T>::value,
+                              basic_ostream<TChar, TCharTraits> &>::type
+    operator<<(basic_ostream<TChar, TCharTraits> & stream, const T & container)
+    {
+        return stream << ::pretty_print::print_container_helper<T, TChar, TCharTraits>(container);
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+#endif  // H_PRETTY_PRINT
diff --git a/tools/reproduce-paper-results.bash b/tools/reproduce-paper-results.bash
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..0ee2b98c3406
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/reproduce-paper-results.bash
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+test -d build || mkdir -p build
+cd build
+
+cmake .. \
+      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3 -march=native" \
+      -DCHECK_BENCHMARKS=1 \
+      -DBENCHMARK_PARAM="N:1000" -DBENCHMARK_SAMPLES="100"
+make benchmarks -j1
+ctest -R "benchmark/vector-paper*"
+
+cmake ..\
+      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3 -march=native" \
+      -DCHECK_BENCHMARKS=1 \
+      -DBENCHMARK_PARAM="N:100000" -DBENCHMARK_SAMPLES="20"
+make benchmarks -j1
+ctest -R "benchmark/vector-paper*"
+
+cmake .. \
+      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3 -march=native" \
+      -DCHECK_BENCHMARKS=1 \
+      -DBENCHMARK_PARAM="N:10000000" -DBENCHMARK_SAMPLES="3"
+make benchmarks -j1
+ctest -R "benchmark/vector-paper*"
diff --git a/tools/scala/README.md b/tools/scala/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ce514e445e99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/scala/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+
+```
+# sbt
+> test
+> test-only org.immer.* -- -verbose
+```
diff --git a/tools/scala/build.sbt b/tools/scala/build.sbt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f2d0bd2cf03c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/scala/build.sbt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/**  This is the simplest possible use of ScalaMeter.
+  *  It allows running ScalaMeter benchmarks as part of the test suite.
+  *  It means, that when the test command is run, ScalaMeter benchmarks are run along
+  *  the tests from other test frameworks, such as ScalaTest or ScalaCheck.
+  */
+lazy val basic = Project(
+  "basic",
+  file("."),
+  settings = Defaults.coreDefaultSettings ++ Seq(
+    name := "immer-bechmarks",
+    organization := "org.immer",
+    scalaVersion := "2.11.1",
+    scalacOptions ++= Seq("-deprecation", "-unchecked", "-feature", "-Xlint"),
+    publishArtifact := false,
+    libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
+      "com.storm-enroute" %% "scalameter" % "0.8.2" % "test",
+      "io.github.nicolasstucki" %% "scala-rrb-vector" % "0.1.1"
+    ),
+    resolvers ++= Seq(
+      "Sonatype OSS Snapshots" at "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots",
+      "Sonatype OSS Releases" at "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/releases"
+    ),
+    testFrameworks += new TestFramework("org.scalameter.ScalaMeterFramework"),
+    parallelExecution in Test := false,
+    logBuffered := false
+  )
+)
diff --git a/tools/scala/src/test/scala/org/immer/benchmarks.scala b/tools/scala/src/test/scala/org/immer/benchmarks.scala
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..98c40a45cd66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/scala/src/test/scala/org/immer/benchmarks.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package org.immer
+
+import org.scalameter.api._
+import scala.collection.immutable.Vector
+import scala.collection.immutable.rrbvector.RRBVector
+
+class BenchmarkBase extends Bench.ForkedTime {
+  val runs = 20
+  val size = 1000
+  val step = 10
+  val sizes = Gen.range("size")(size, size, 1)
+
+  //def relaxedV(v : RRBVector[Int], n : Int) : RRBVector[Int] = {
+  //  var r = v
+  //  for (i <- 0 to n) {
+  //    r = (RRBVector.empty[Int] :+ i) ++ r
+  //  }
+  //  r
+  //}
+
+  var vectors     = for { s <- sizes } yield Vector.empty[Int] ++ (0 until s)
+  var rrbvectors  = for { s <- sizes } yield RRBVector.empty[Int] ++ (0 until s)
+  //var rrbvectorsF = for { s <- sizes } yield relaxedV(RRBVector.empty[Int], s)
+  var rrbsteps    = for { s <- sizes } yield RRBVector.empty[Int] ++ (0 until s / step)
+}
+
+class PushBenchmark extends BenchmarkBase {
+  performance of "push" in {
+    measure method "Vector" in { using(sizes) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { s => {
+      var v = Vector.empty[Int]
+      for (a <- 0 to s) {
+        v = v :+ a
+      }
+      v
+    }}}
+    measure method "RRBVector" in { using(sizes) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { s => {
+      var v = RRBVector.empty[Int]
+      for (a <- 0 to s) {
+        v = v :+ a
+      }
+      v
+    }}}
+  }
+}
+
+class UpdateBenchmark extends BenchmarkBase {
+  performance of "update" in {
+    measure method "Vector" in { using(vectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v0 => {
+      var v = v0
+      for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+        v = v.updated(a, a + 1)
+      }
+      v
+    }}}
+    measure method "RRBVector" in { using(rrbvectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v0 => {
+      var v = v0
+      for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+        v = v.updated(a, a + 1)
+      }
+      v
+    }}}
+    //measure method "RRBVector/relaxed" in { using(rrbvectorsF) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v0 => {
+    //  var v = v0
+    //  for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+    //    v = v.updated(a, a + 1)
+    //  }
+    //  v
+    //}}}
+  }
+  performance of "update/random" in {
+    measure method "Vector" in { using(vectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v0 => {
+      var v = v0
+      var r = new scala.util.Random
+      for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+        v = v.updated(r.nextInt(v.size), a + 1)
+      }
+      v
+    }}}
+    measure method "RRBVector" in { using(rrbvectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v0 => {
+      var v = v0
+      var r = new scala.util.Random
+      for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+        v = v.updated(r.nextInt(v.size), a + 1)
+      }
+      v
+    }}}
+    //measure method "RRBVector/relaxed" in { using(rrbvectorsF) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v0 => {
+    //  var v = v0
+    //  var r = new scala.util.Random
+    //  for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+    //    v = v.updated(r.nextInt(v.size), a + 1)
+    //  }
+    //  v
+    //}}}
+  }
+}
+
+object IterBenchmark extends BenchmarkBase {
+  performance of "access/reduce" in {
+    measure method "Vector" in { using(vectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+      v.reduceLeft(_ + _)
+    }}}
+    measure method "RRBVector" in { using(rrbvectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+      v.reduceLeft(_ + _)
+    }}}
+    //measure method "RRBVector/relaxed" in { using(rrbvectorsF) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+    //  v.reduceLeft(_ + _)
+    //}}}
+  }
+  performance of "access/idx" in {
+    measure method "Vector" in { using(vectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+      var r = 0
+      for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+        r += v(a)
+      }
+      r
+    }}}
+    measure method "RRBVector" in { using(rrbvectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+      var r = 0
+      for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+        r += v(a)
+      }
+      r
+    }}}
+    //measure method "RRBVector/relaxed" in { using(rrbvectorsF) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+    //  var r = 0
+    //  for (a <- 0 to v.size - 1) {
+    //    r += v(a)
+    //  }
+    //  r
+    //}}}
+  }
+  performance of "access/iter" in {
+    measure method "Vector" in { using(vectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+      var r = 0
+      for (a <- v) {
+        r += a
+      }
+      r
+    }}}
+    measure method "RRBVector" in { using(rrbvectors) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+      var r = 0
+      for (a <- v) {
+        r += a
+      }
+      r
+    }}}
+    //measure method "RRBVector/relaxed" in { using(rrbvectorsF) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+    //  var r = 0
+    //  for (a <- v) {
+    //    r += a
+    //  }
+    //  r
+    //}}}
+  }
+}
+
+class ConcatBenchmark extends BenchmarkBase {
+  performance of "concat" in {
+    measure method "RRBVector ++" in { using(rrbsteps) config(exec.benchRuns -> runs) in { v => {
+      var r = RRBVector.empty[Int]
+      for (_ <- 0 to step) {
+        r = r ++ v
+      }
+      r
+    }}}
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tools/scala/version.sbt b/tools/scala/version.sbt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3f0ac089016a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/scala/version.sbt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+version in ThisBuild := "0.8.2"
diff --git a/tools/sinusoidal-sphinx-theme b/tools/sinusoidal-sphinx-theme
new file mode 160000
+Subproject b5adfa2a6def8aa55d95dedc4e1bfde214a5e36
diff --git a/tools/travis/ssh-key.enc b/tools/travis/ssh-key.enc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9793aac2df7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/travis/ssh-key.enc
Binary files differdiff --git a/tools/travis/ssh-key.pub b/tools/travis/ssh-key.pub
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9994a9772d68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/travis/ssh-key.pub
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDBLgrMsYWwjiR/oe2bzg1kr1CGgLYiLrvQIeZw9mv10qF+MS+xpthy4tXxEHHeqkbQ1FsSoo3RaCKnya47LTysT1HE4Qf1TbxY5b1kU9SJ0jGNYejvkdmWzg/wspSCbFi3PGJhctxoks5sJCfVMc/oFwIlFAZALfL3JIRYk8EZv7bnrtA1Il1hPV2ug7ADBWJOXCc8pW4E7X3ZiDnvAZfqZ1QHrcQwy1aA8LVTv5azJg7Db8D90JjuRTlhO1XL7Cg/PGBkP1B3jOW5LRZK8AupnOPTw4kIsIc/i32O/poZPIRbHqYumYqEKBJQ/ggN4rKVXcp0lrMZ6/joslFLMvwr immer
diff --git a/tools/with-tee.bash b/tools/with-tee.bash
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..60c331326d28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/with-tee.bash
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+echo "${@:2} | tee $1"
+
+${@:2} | tee $1