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+//
+// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+// These routines provide mem versions of standard C std::string routines,
+// such as strpbrk.  They function exactly the same as the str versions,
+// so if you wonder what they are, replace the word "mem" by
+// "str" and check out the man page.  I could return void*, as the
+// strutil.h mem*() routines tend to do, but I return char* instead
+// since this is by far the most common way these functions are called.
+//
+// The difference between the mem and str versions is the mem version
+// takes a pointer and a length, rather than a '\0'-terminated std::string.
+// The memcase* routines defined here assume the locale is "C"
+// (they use absl::ascii_tolower instead of tolower).
+//
+// These routines are based on the BSD library.
+//
+// Here's a list of routines from std::string.h, and their mem analogues.
+// Functions in lowercase are defined in std::string.h; those in UPPERCASE
+// are defined here:
+//
+// strlen                  --
+// strcat strncat          MEMCAT
+// strcpy strncpy          memcpy
+// --                      memccpy   (very cool function, btw)
+// --                      memmove
+// --                      memset
+// strcmp strncmp          memcmp
+// strcasecmp strncasecmp  MEMCASECMP
+// strchr                  memchr
+// strcoll                 --
+// strxfrm                 --
+// strdup strndup          MEMDUP
+// strrchr                 MEMRCHR
+// strspn                  MEMSPN
+// strcspn                 MEMCSPN
+// strpbrk                 MEMPBRK
+// strstr                  MEMSTR MEMMEM
+// (g)strcasestr           MEMCASESTR MEMCASEMEM
+// strtok                  --
+// strprefix               MEMPREFIX      (strprefix is from strutil.h)
+// strcaseprefix           MEMCASEPREFIX  (strcaseprefix is from strutil.h)
+// strsuffix               MEMSUFFIX      (strsuffix is from strutil.h)
+// strcasesuffix           MEMCASESUFFIX  (strcasesuffix is from strutil.h)
+// --                      MEMIS
+// --                      MEMCASEIS
+// strcount                MEMCOUNT       (strcount is from strutil.h)
+
+#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_MEMUTIL_H_
+#define ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_MEMUTIL_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "absl/base/port.h"  // disable some warnings on Windows
+#include "absl/strings/ascii.h"  // for absl::ascii_tolower
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace strings_internal {
+
+inline char* memcat(char* dest, size_t destlen, const char* src,
+                    size_t srclen) {
+  return reinterpret_cast<char*>(memcpy(dest + destlen, src, srclen));
+}
+
+int memcasecmp(const char* s1, const char* s2, size_t len);
+char* memdup(const char* s, size_t slen);
+char* memrchr(const char* s, int c, size_t slen);
+size_t memspn(const char* s, size_t slen, const char* accept);
+size_t memcspn(const char* s, size_t slen, const char* reject);
+char* mempbrk(const char* s, size_t slen, const char* accept);
+
+// This is for internal use only.  Don't call this directly
+template <bool case_sensitive>
+const char* int_memmatch(const char* haystack, size_t haylen,
+                         const char* needle, size_t neelen) {
+  if (0 == neelen) {
+    return haystack;  // even if haylen is 0
+  }
+  const char* hayend = haystack + haylen;
+  const char* needlestart = needle;
+  const char* needleend = needlestart + neelen;
+
+  for (; haystack < hayend; ++haystack) {
+    char hay = case_sensitive
+                   ? *haystack
+                   : absl::ascii_tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(*haystack));
+    char nee = case_sensitive
+                   ? *needle
+                   : absl::ascii_tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(*needle));
+    if (hay == nee) {
+      if (++needle == needleend) {
+        return haystack + 1 - neelen;
+      }
+    } else if (needle != needlestart) {
+      // must back up haystack in case a prefix matched (find "aab" in "aaab")
+      haystack -= needle - needlestart;  // for loop will advance one more
+      needle = needlestart;
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// These are the guys you can call directly
+inline const char* memstr(const char* phaystack, size_t haylen,
+                          const char* pneedle) {
+  return int_memmatch<true>(phaystack, haylen, pneedle, strlen(pneedle));
+}
+
+inline const char* memcasestr(const char* phaystack, size_t haylen,
+                              const char* pneedle) {
+  return int_memmatch<false>(phaystack, haylen, pneedle, strlen(pneedle));
+}
+
+inline const char* memmem(const char* phaystack, size_t haylen,
+                          const char* pneedle, size_t needlelen) {
+  return int_memmatch<true>(phaystack, haylen, pneedle, needlelen);
+}
+
+inline const char* memcasemem(const char* phaystack, size_t haylen,
+                              const char* pneedle, size_t needlelen) {
+  return int_memmatch<false>(phaystack, haylen, pneedle, needlelen);
+}
+
+// This is significantly faster for case-sensitive matches with very
+// few possible matches.  See unit test for benchmarks.
+const char* memmatch(const char* phaystack, size_t haylen, const char* pneedle,
+                     size_t neelen);
+
+}  // namespace strings_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_INTERNAL_MEMUTIL_H_