Export of internal Abseil changes.

--
ac7508120c60dfe689c40929e416b6a486f83ee3 by Gennadiy Rozental <rogeeff@google.com>:

Internal change

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206912089

--
bd709faba88565367b6d337466e6456481b5f3e8 by Matt Calabrese <calabrese@google.com>:

Implement `std::experimental::is_detected` in type_traits internals and move `is_detected_convertible` from variant's internals to type_traits internals. This is in preparation of creating workarounds for broken standard traits.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206825598

--
0dbddea569370eb9b6348cee172d1874f9046eb4 by Jorg Brown <jorg@google.com>:

Support users who turn on floating-point conversion warnings

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206813209

--
30991f757c8f0100584619d8a9c41897d029f112 by Jorg Brown <jorg@google.com>:

Speed up the absl::Seconds() function for floating-point values, roughly by 4.5x, since
we can take advantage of the fact that we're just taking a floating-point number and
splitting it into its integral and fractional parts.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206806270

--
6883837176838aa5a517e7a8cb4c99afd24c0d12 by Jon Cohen <cohenjon@google.com>:

Remove the DISABLE_INSTALL from absl_container.  It doesn't do anything.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206802544

--
92ab14fed06e6dd1f01a0284bd7f95d3e2c0c3d8 by Jon Cohen <cohenjon@google.com>:

Internal change

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206776244

--
17b76c7f364ac562d9e0faeca0320f63aa3fdb85 by Jorg Brown <jorg@google.com>:

Fix absl/strings:numbers_test flakiness due to exceeding the 1-minute timeout

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206763175

--
6637843f2e198b8efd90e5577fbc86bdea43b2cc by Abseil Team <absl-team@google.com>:

Adds templated allocator to absl::FixedArray with corresponding tests

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206354178

--
bced22f81add828c9b4c60eb45554d36c22e2f96 by Abseil Team <absl-team@google.com>:

Adds templated allocator to absl::FixedArray with corresponding tests

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206347377

--
75be14a71d2d5e335812d5b7670120271fb5bd79 by Abseil Team <absl-team@google.com>:

Internal change.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206326935

--
6929e43f4c7898b1f51e441911a19092a06fbf97 by Abseil Team <absl-team@google.com>:

Adds templated allocator to absl::FixedArray with corresponding tests

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206326368

--
55ae34b75ff029eb267f9519e577bab8a575b487 by Abseil Team <absl-team@google.com>:

Internal change.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206233448

--
6950a8ccddf35d451eec2d02cd28a797c8b7cf6a by Matt Kulukundis <kfm@google.com>:

Internal change

PiperOrigin-RevId: 206035613
GitOrigin-RevId: ac7508120c60dfe689c40929e416b6a486f83ee3
Change-Id: I675605abbedab6b3ac9aa82195cbd059ff7c82b1

6 files changed, 667 insertions, 62 deletions

diff --git a/absl/container/BUILD.bazel b/absl/container/BUILD.bazel
index 07df3675207e..6d5c958f382b 100644
--- a/absl/container/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/absl/container/BUILD.bazel
@@ -26,10 +26,30 @@ package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
 licenses(["notice"])  # Apache 2.0
 
 cc_library(
+    name = "compressed_tuple",
+    hdrs = ["internal/compressed_tuple.h"],
+    copts = ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS,
+    deps = [
+        "//absl/utility",
+    ],
+)
+
+cc_test(
+    name = "compressed_tuple_test",
+    srcs = ["internal/compressed_tuple_test.cc"],
+    copts = ABSL_TEST_COPTS,
+    deps = [
+        ":compressed_tuple",
+        "@com_google_googletest//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)
+
+cc_library(
     name = "fixed_array",
     hdrs = ["fixed_array.h"],
     copts = ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS,
     deps = [
+        ":compressed_tuple",
         "//absl/algorithm",
         "//absl/base:core_headers",
         "//absl/base:dynamic_annotations",
diff --git a/absl/container/CMakeLists.txt b/absl/container/CMakeLists.txt
index d580b48976cb..123e4c4849aa 100644
--- a/absl/container/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/absl/container/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ absl_library(
     ${TEST_INSTANCE_TRACKER_LIB_SRC}
   PUBLIC_LIBRARIES
     absl::container
-  DISABLE_INSTALL
 )
 
 
diff --git a/absl/container/fixed_array.h b/absl/container/fixed_array.h
index 62600df05be3..f480047a5db4 100644
--- a/absl/container/fixed_array.h
+++ b/absl/container/fixed_array.h
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 #include "absl/base/macros.h"
 #include "absl/base/optimization.h"
 #include "absl/base/port.h"
+#include "absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple.h"
 #include "absl/memory/memory.h"
 
 namespace absl {
@@ -76,73 +77,99 @@ constexpr static auto kFixedArrayUseDefault = static_cast<size_t>(-1);
 // heap allocation, it will do so with global `::operator new[]()` and
 // `::operator delete[]()`, even if T provides class-scope overrides for these
 // operators.
-template <typename T, size_t inlined = kFixedArrayUseDefault>
+template <typename T, size_t N = kFixedArrayUseDefault,
+          typename A = std::allocator<T>>
 class FixedArray {
   static_assert(!std::is_array<T>::value || std::extent<T>::value > 0,
                 "Arrays with unknown bounds cannot be used with FixedArray.");
+
   static constexpr size_t kInlineBytesDefault = 256;
 
+  using AllocatorTraits = std::allocator_traits<A>;
   // std::iterator_traits isn't guaranteed to be SFINAE-friendly until C++17,
   // but this seems to be mostly pedantic.
   template <typename Iterator>
   using EnableIfForwardIterator = absl::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<
       typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::iterator_category,
       std::forward_iterator_tag>::value>;
+  static constexpr bool NoexceptCopyable() {
+    return std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<StorageElement>::value &&
+           absl::allocator_is_nothrow<allocator_type>::value;
+  }
+  static constexpr bool NoexceptMovable() {
+    return std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<StorageElement>::value &&
+           absl::allocator_is_nothrow<allocator_type>::value;
+  }
+  static constexpr bool DefaultConstructorIsNonTrivial() {
+    return !absl::is_trivially_default_constructible<StorageElement>::value;
+  }
 
  public:
-  using value_type = T;
-  using iterator = T*;
-  using const_iterator = const T*;
+  using allocator_type = typename AllocatorTraits::allocator_type;
+  using value_type = typename allocator_type::value_type;
+  using pointer = typename allocator_type::pointer;
+  using const_pointer = typename allocator_type::const_pointer;
+  using reference = typename allocator_type::reference;
+  using const_reference = typename allocator_type::const_reference;
+  using size_type = typename allocator_type::size_type;
+  using difference_type = typename allocator_type::difference_type;
+  using iterator = pointer;
+  using const_iterator = const_pointer;
   using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
   using const_reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>;
-  using reference = T&;
-  using const_reference = const T&;
-  using pointer = T*;
-  using const_pointer = const T*;
-  using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
-  using size_type = size_t;
 
   static constexpr size_type inline_elements =
-      inlined == kFixedArrayUseDefault
-          ? kInlineBytesDefault / sizeof(value_type)
-          : inlined;
+      (N == kFixedArrayUseDefault ? kInlineBytesDefault / sizeof(value_type)
+                                  : static_cast<size_type>(N));
 
-  FixedArray(const FixedArray& other)
-      : FixedArray(other.begin(), other.end()) {}
+  FixedArray(
+      const FixedArray& other,
+      const allocator_type& a = allocator_type()) noexcept(NoexceptCopyable())
+      : FixedArray(other.begin(), other.end(), a) {}
 
-  FixedArray(FixedArray&& other) noexcept(
-      absl::conjunction<absl::allocator_is_nothrow<std::allocator<value_type>>,
-                        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_type>>::value)
+  FixedArray(
+      FixedArray&& other,
+      const allocator_type& a = allocator_type()) noexcept(NoexceptMovable())
       : FixedArray(std::make_move_iterator(other.begin()),
-                   std::make_move_iterator(other.end())) {}
+                   std::make_move_iterator(other.end()), a) {}
 
   // Creates an array object that can store `n` elements.
   // Note that trivially constructible elements will be uninitialized.
-  explicit FixedArray(size_type n) : storage_(n) {
-    absl::memory_internal::uninitialized_default_construct_n(storage_.begin(),
-                                                             size());
+  explicit FixedArray(size_type n, const allocator_type& a = allocator_type())
+      : storage_(n, a) {
+    if (DefaultConstructorIsNonTrivial()) {
+      memory_internal::ConstructStorage(storage_.alloc(), storage_.begin(),
+                                        storage_.end());
+    }
   }
 
   // Creates an array initialized with `n` copies of `val`.
-  FixedArray(size_type n, const value_type& val) : storage_(n) {
-    std::uninitialized_fill_n(data(), size(), val);
+  FixedArray(size_type n, const value_type& val,
+             const allocator_type& a = allocator_type())
+      : storage_(n, a) {
+    memory_internal::ConstructStorage(storage_.alloc(), storage_.begin(),
+                                      storage_.end(), val);
   }
 
+  // Creates an array initialized with the size and contents of `init_list`.
+  FixedArray(std::initializer_list<value_type> init_list,
+             const allocator_type& a = allocator_type())
+      : FixedArray(init_list.begin(), init_list.end(), a) {}
+
   // Creates an array initialized with the elements from the input
   // range. The array's size will always be `std::distance(first, last)`.
   // REQUIRES: Iterator must be a forward_iterator or better.
   template <typename Iterator, EnableIfForwardIterator<Iterator>* = nullptr>
-  FixedArray(Iterator first, Iterator last)
-      : storage_(std::distance(first, last)) {
-    std::uninitialized_copy(first, last, data());
+  FixedArray(Iterator first, Iterator last,
+             const allocator_type& a = allocator_type())
+      : storage_(std::distance(first, last), a) {
+    memory_internal::CopyToStorageFromRange(storage_.alloc(), storage_.begin(),
+                                            first, last);
   }
 
-  FixedArray(std::initializer_list<value_type> init_list)
-      : FixedArray(init_list.begin(), init_list.end()) {}
-
   ~FixedArray() noexcept {
-    for (const StorageElement& cur : storage_) {
-      cur.~StorageElement();
+    for (auto* cur = storage_.begin(); cur != storage_.end(); ++cur) {
+      AllocatorTraits::destroy(*storage_.alloc(), cur);
     }
   }
 
@@ -332,7 +359,6 @@ class FixedArray {
   friend bool operator>=(const FixedArray& lhs, const FixedArray& rhs) {
     return !(lhs < rhs);
   }
-
  private:
   // StorageElement
   //
@@ -364,6 +390,8 @@ class FixedArray {
   using StorageElement =
       absl::conditional_t<std::is_array<value_type>::value,
                           StorageElementWrapper<value_type>, value_type>;
+  using StorageElementBuffer =
+      absl::aligned_storage_t<sizeof(StorageElement), alignof(StorageElement)>;
 
   static pointer AsValueType(pointer ptr) { return ptr; }
   static pointer AsValueType(StorageElementWrapper<value_type>* ptr) {
@@ -374,9 +402,6 @@ class FixedArray {
   static_assert(alignof(StorageElement) == alignof(value_type), "");
 
   struct NonEmptyInlinedStorage {
-    using StorageElementBuffer =
-        absl::aligned_storage_t<sizeof(StorageElement),
-                                alignof(StorageElement)>;
     StorageElement* data() {
       return reinterpret_cast<StorageElement*>(inlined_storage_.data());
     }
@@ -386,8 +411,8 @@ class FixedArray {
     void* RedzoneEnd() { return &redzone_end_ + 1; }
 #endif  // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
 
-    void AnnotateConstruct(size_t);
-    void AnnotateDestruct(size_t);
+    void AnnotateConstruct(size_type);
+    void AnnotateDestruct(size_type);
 
     ADDRESS_SANITIZER_REDZONE(redzone_begin_);
     std::array<StorageElementBuffer, inline_elements> inlined_storage_;
@@ -396,8 +421,8 @@ class FixedArray {
 
   struct EmptyInlinedStorage {
     StorageElement* data() { return nullptr; }
-    void AnnotateConstruct(size_t) {}
-    void AnnotateDestruct(size_t) {}
+    void AnnotateConstruct(size_type) {}
+    void AnnotateDestruct(size_type) {}
   };
 
   using InlinedStorage =
@@ -414,48 +439,57 @@ class FixedArray {
   //
   class Storage : public InlinedStorage {
    public:
-    explicit Storage(size_type n) : data_(CreateStorage(n)), size_(n) {}
+    Storage(size_type n, const allocator_type& a)
+        : size_alloc_(n, a), data_(InitializeData()) {}
+
     ~Storage() noexcept {
       if (UsingInlinedStorage(size())) {
-        this->AnnotateDestruct(size());
+        InlinedStorage::AnnotateDestruct(size());
       } else {
-        std::allocator<StorageElement>().deallocate(begin(), size());
+        AllocatorTraits::deallocate(*alloc(), AsValueType(begin()), size());
       }
     }
 
-    size_type size() const { return size_; }
+    size_type size() const { return size_alloc_.template get<0>(); }
     StorageElement* begin() const { return data_; }
     StorageElement* end() const { return begin() + size(); }
+    allocator_type* alloc() {
+      return std::addressof(size_alloc_.template get<1>());
+    }
 
    private:
     static bool UsingInlinedStorage(size_type n) {
       return n <= inline_elements;
     }
 
-    StorageElement* CreateStorage(size_type n) {
-      if (UsingInlinedStorage(n)) {
-        this->AnnotateConstruct(n);
+    StorageElement* InitializeData() {
+      if (UsingInlinedStorage(size())) {
+        InlinedStorage::AnnotateConstruct(size());
         return InlinedStorage::data();
       } else {
-        return std::allocator<StorageElement>().allocate(n);
+        return reinterpret_cast<StorageElement*>(
+            AllocatorTraits::allocate(*alloc(), size()));
       }
     }
 
-    StorageElement* const data_;
-    const size_type size_;
+    // `CompressedTuple` takes advantage of EBCO for stateless `allocator_type`s
+    container_internal::CompressedTuple<size_type, allocator_type> size_alloc_;
+    StorageElement* data_;
   };
 
-  const Storage storage_;
+  Storage storage_;
 };
 
-template <typename T, size_t N>
-constexpr size_t FixedArray<T, N>::inline_elements;
+template <typename T, size_t N, typename A>
+constexpr size_t FixedArray<T, N, A>::kInlineBytesDefault;
 
-template <typename T, size_t N>
-constexpr size_t FixedArray<T, N>::kInlineBytesDefault;
+template <typename T, size_t N, typename A>
+constexpr typename FixedArray<T, N, A>::size_type
+    FixedArray<T, N, A>::inline_elements;
 
-template <typename T, size_t N>
-void FixedArray<T, N>::NonEmptyInlinedStorage::AnnotateConstruct(size_t n) {
+template <typename T, size_t N, typename A>
+void FixedArray<T, N, A>::NonEmptyInlinedStorage::AnnotateConstruct(
+    typename FixedArray<T, N, A>::size_type n) {
 #ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
   if (!n) return;
   ANNOTATE_CONTIGUOUS_CONTAINER(data(), RedzoneEnd(), RedzoneEnd(), data() + n);
@@ -464,8 +498,9 @@ void FixedArray<T, N>::NonEmptyInlinedStorage::AnnotateConstruct(size_t n) {
   static_cast<void>(n);  // Mark used when not in asan mode
 }
 
-template <typename T, size_t N>
-void FixedArray<T, N>::NonEmptyInlinedStorage::AnnotateDestruct(size_t n) {
+template <typename T, size_t N, typename A>
+void FixedArray<T, N, A>::NonEmptyInlinedStorage::AnnotateDestruct(
+    typename FixedArray<T, N, A>::size_type n) {
 #ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
   if (!n) return;
   ANNOTATE_CONTIGUOUS_CONTAINER(data(), RedzoneEnd(), data() + n, RedzoneEnd());
@@ -473,6 +508,5 @@ void FixedArray<T, N>::NonEmptyInlinedStorage::AnnotateDestruct(size_t n) {
 #endif                   // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
   static_cast<void>(n);  // Mark used when not in asan mode
 }
-
 }  // namespace absl
 #endif  // ABSL_CONTAINER_FIXED_ARRAY_H_
diff --git a/absl/container/fixed_array_test.cc b/absl/container/fixed_array_test.cc
index 2142132d1352..b07ebcb6d9ca 100644
--- a/absl/container/fixed_array_test.cc
+++ b/absl/container/fixed_array_test.cc
@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@
 #include "absl/container/fixed_array.h"
 
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <list>
 #include <memory>
 #include <numeric>
+#include <scoped_allocator>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -607,6 +609,216 @@ TEST(FixedArrayTest, Fill) {
   empty.fill(fill_val);
 }
 
+// TODO(johnsoncj): Investigate InlinedStorage default initialization in GCC 4.x
+#ifndef __GNUC__
+TEST(FixedArrayTest, DefaultCtorDoesNotValueInit) {
+  using T = char;
+  constexpr auto capacity = 10;
+  using FixedArrType = absl::FixedArray<T, capacity>;
+  using FixedArrBuffType =
+      absl::aligned_storage_t<sizeof(FixedArrType), alignof(FixedArrType)>;
+  constexpr auto scrubbed_bits = 0x95;
+  constexpr auto length = capacity / 2;
+
+  FixedArrBuffType buff;
+  std::memset(std::addressof(buff), scrubbed_bits, sizeof(FixedArrBuffType));
+
+  FixedArrType* arr =
+      ::new (static_cast<void*>(std::addressof(buff))) FixedArrType(length);
+  EXPECT_THAT(*arr, testing::Each(scrubbed_bits));
+  arr->~FixedArrType();
+}
+#endif  // __GNUC__
+
+// This is a stateful allocator, but the state lives outside of the
+// allocator (in whatever test is using the allocator). This is odd
+// but helps in tests where the allocator is propagated into nested
+// containers - that chain of allocators uses the same state and is
+// thus easier to query for aggregate allocation information.
+template <typename T>
+class CountingAllocator : public std::allocator<T> {
+ public:
+  using Alloc = std::allocator<T>;
+  using pointer = typename Alloc::pointer;
+  using size_type = typename Alloc::size_type;
+
+  CountingAllocator() : bytes_used_(nullptr), instance_count_(nullptr) {}
+  explicit CountingAllocator(int64_t* b)
+      : bytes_used_(b), instance_count_(nullptr) {}
+  CountingAllocator(int64_t* b, int64_t* a)
+      : bytes_used_(b), instance_count_(a) {}
+
+  template <typename U>
+  explicit CountingAllocator(const CountingAllocator<U>& x)
+      : Alloc(x),
+        bytes_used_(x.bytes_used_),
+        instance_count_(x.instance_count_) {}
+
+  pointer allocate(size_type n, const void* const hint = nullptr) {
+    assert(bytes_used_ != nullptr);
+    *bytes_used_ += n * sizeof(T);
+    return Alloc::allocate(n, hint);
+  }
+
+  void deallocate(pointer p, size_type n) {
+    Alloc::deallocate(p, n);
+    assert(bytes_used_ != nullptr);
+    *bytes_used_ -= n * sizeof(T);
+  }
+
+  template <typename... Args>
+  void construct(pointer p, Args&&... args) {
+    Alloc::construct(p, absl::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    if (instance_count_) {
+      *instance_count_ += 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void destroy(pointer p) {
+    Alloc::destroy(p);
+    if (instance_count_) {
+      *instance_count_ -= 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <typename U>
+  class rebind {
+   public:
+    using other = CountingAllocator<U>;
+  };
+
+  int64_t* bytes_used_;
+  int64_t* instance_count_;
+};
+
+TEST(AllocatorSupportTest, CountInlineAllocations) {
+  constexpr size_t inlined_size = 4;
+  using Alloc = CountingAllocator<int>;
+  using AllocFxdArr = absl::FixedArray<int, inlined_size, Alloc>;
+
+  int64_t allocated = 0;
+  int64_t active_instances = 0;
+
+  {
+    const int ia[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
+
+    Alloc alloc(&allocated, &active_instances);
+
+    AllocFxdArr arr(ia, ia + inlined_size, alloc);
+    static_cast<void>(arr);
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(allocated, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(active_instances, 0);
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorSupportTest, CountOutoflineAllocations) {
+  constexpr size_t inlined_size = 4;
+  using Alloc = CountingAllocator<int>;
+  using AllocFxdArr = absl::FixedArray<int, inlined_size, Alloc>;
+
+  int64_t allocated = 0;
+  int64_t active_instances = 0;
+
+  {
+    const int ia[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
+    Alloc alloc(&allocated, &active_instances);
+
+    AllocFxdArr arr(ia, ia + ABSL_ARRAYSIZE(ia), alloc);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocated, arr.size() * sizeof(int));
+    static_cast<void>(arr);
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(active_instances, 0);
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorSupportTest, CountCopyInlineAllocations) {
+  constexpr size_t inlined_size = 4;
+  using Alloc = CountingAllocator<int>;
+  using AllocFxdArr = absl::FixedArray<int, inlined_size, Alloc>;
+
+  int64_t allocated1 = 0;
+  int64_t allocated2 = 0;
+  int64_t active_instances = 0;
+  Alloc alloc(&allocated1, &active_instances);
+  Alloc alloc2(&allocated2, &active_instances);
+
+  {
+    int initial_value = 1;
+
+    AllocFxdArr arr1(inlined_size / 2, initial_value, alloc);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocated1, 0);
+
+    AllocFxdArr arr2(arr1, alloc2);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocated2, 0);
+    static_cast<void>(arr1);
+    static_cast<void>(arr2);
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(active_instances, 0);
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorSupportTest, CountCopyOutoflineAllocations) {
+  constexpr size_t inlined_size = 4;
+  using Alloc = CountingAllocator<int>;
+  using AllocFxdArr = absl::FixedArray<int, inlined_size, Alloc>;
+
+  int64_t allocated1 = 0;
+  int64_t allocated2 = 0;
+  int64_t active_instances = 0;
+  Alloc alloc(&allocated1, &active_instances);
+  Alloc alloc2(&allocated2, &active_instances);
+
+  {
+    int initial_value = 1;
+
+    AllocFxdArr arr1(inlined_size * 2, initial_value, alloc);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocated1, arr1.size() * sizeof(int));
+
+    AllocFxdArr arr2(arr1, alloc2);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocated2, inlined_size * 2 * sizeof(int));
+    static_cast<void>(arr1);
+    static_cast<void>(arr2);
+  }
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(active_instances, 0);
+}
+
+TEST(AllocatorSupportTest, SizeValAllocConstructor) {
+  using testing::AllOf;
+  using testing::Each;
+  using testing::SizeIs;
+
+  constexpr size_t inlined_size = 4;
+  using Alloc = CountingAllocator<int>;
+  using AllocFxdArr = absl::FixedArray<int, inlined_size, Alloc>;
+
+  {
+    auto len = inlined_size / 2;
+    auto val = 0;
+    int64_t allocated = 0;
+    AllocFxdArr arr(len, val, Alloc(&allocated));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocated, 0);
+    EXPECT_THAT(arr, AllOf(SizeIs(len), Each(0)));
+  }
+
+  {
+    auto len = inlined_size * 2;
+    auto val = 0;
+    int64_t allocated = 0;
+    AllocFxdArr arr(len, val, Alloc(&allocated));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocated, len * sizeof(int));
+    EXPECT_THAT(arr, AllOf(SizeIs(len), Each(0)));
+  }
+}
+
 #ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
 TEST(FixedArrayTest, AddressSanitizerAnnotations1) {
   absl::FixedArray<int, 32> a(10);
@@ -655,5 +867,4 @@ TEST(FixedArrayTest, AddressSanitizerAnnotations4) {
   EXPECT_DEATH(raw[21] = ThreeInts(), "container-overflow");
 }
 #endif  // ADDRESS_SANITIZER
-
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple.h b/absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cc52614f5b37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple.h
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+// Helper class to perform the Empty Base Optimization.
+// Ts can contain classes and non-classes, empty or not. For the ones that
+// are empty classes, we perform the optimization. If all types in Ts are empty
+// classes, then CompressedTuple<Ts...> is itself an empty class.
+//
+// To access the members, use member get<N>() function.
+//
+// Eg:
+//   absl::container_internal::CompressedTuple<int, T1, T2, T3> value(7, t1, t2,
+//                                                                    t3);
+//   assert(value.get<0>() == 7);
+//   T1& t1 = value.get<1>();
+//   const T2& t2 = value.get<2>();
+//   ...
+//
+// http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/ebo
+
+#ifndef ABSL_CONTAINER_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_H_
+#define ABSL_CONTAINER_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_H_
+
+#include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "absl/utility/utility.h"
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+// We need to mark these classes with this declspec to ensure that
+// CompressedTuple happens.
+#define ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC __declspec(empty_bases)
+#else  // _MSC_VER
+#define ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC
+#endif  // _MSC_VER
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace container_internal {
+
+template <typename... Ts>
+class CompressedTuple;
+
+namespace internal_compressed_tuple {
+
+template <typename D, size_t I>
+struct Elem;
+template <typename... B, size_t I>
+struct Elem<CompressedTuple<B...>, I>
+    : std::tuple_element<I, std::tuple<B...>> {};
+template <typename D, size_t I>
+using ElemT = typename Elem<D, I>::type;
+
+// Use the __is_final intrinsic if available. Where it's not available, classes
+// declared with the 'final' specifier cannot be used as CompressedTuple
+// elements.
+// TODO(sbenza): Replace this with std::is_final in C++14.
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool IsFinal() {
+#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+  return __is_final(T);
+#else
+  return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+constexpr bool ShouldUseBase() {
+  return std::is_class<T>::value && std::is_empty<T>::value && !IsFinal<T>();
+}
+
+// The storage class provides two specializations:
+//  - For empty classes, it stores T as a base class.
+//  - For everything else, it stores T as a member.
+template <typename D, size_t I, bool = ShouldUseBase<ElemT<D, I>>()>
+struct Storage {
+  using T = ElemT<D, I>;
+  T value;
+  constexpr Storage() = default;
+  explicit constexpr Storage(T&& v) : value(absl::forward<T>(v)) {}
+  constexpr const T& get() const { return value; }
+  T& get() { return value; }
+};
+
+template <typename D, size_t I>
+struct ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC Storage<D, I, true>
+    : ElemT<D, I> {
+  using T = internal_compressed_tuple::ElemT<D, I>;
+  constexpr Storage() = default;
+  explicit constexpr Storage(T&& v) : T(absl::forward<T>(v)) {}
+  constexpr const T& get() const { return *this; }
+  T& get() { return *this; }
+};
+
+template <typename D, typename I>
+struct ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC CompressedTupleImpl;
+
+template <typename... Ts, size_t... I>
+struct ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC
+    CompressedTupleImpl<CompressedTuple<Ts...>, absl::index_sequence<I...>>
+    // We use the dummy identity function through std::integral_constant to
+    // convince MSVC of accepting and expanding I in that context. Without it
+    // you would get:
+    //   error C3548: 'I': parameter pack cannot be used in this context
+    : Storage<CompressedTuple<Ts...>,
+              std::integral_constant<size_t, I>::value>... {
+  constexpr CompressedTupleImpl() = default;
+  explicit constexpr CompressedTupleImpl(Ts&&... args)
+      : Storage<CompressedTuple<Ts...>, I>(absl::forward<Ts>(args))... {}
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal_compressed_tuple
+
+// Helper class to perform the Empty Base Class Optimization.
+// Ts can contain classes and non-classes, empty or not. For the ones that
+// are empty classes, we perform the CompressedTuple. If all types in Ts are
+// empty classes, then CompressedTuple<Ts...> is itself an empty class.
+//
+// To access the members, use member .get<N>() function.
+//
+// Eg:
+//   absl::container_internal::CompressedTuple<int, T1, T2, T3> value(7, t1, t2,
+//                                                                    t3);
+//   assert(value.get<0>() == 7);
+//   T1& t1 = value.get<1>();
+//   const T2& t2 = value.get<2>();
+//   ...
+//
+// http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/ebo
+template <typename... Ts>
+class ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC CompressedTuple
+    : private internal_compressed_tuple::CompressedTupleImpl<
+          CompressedTuple<Ts...>, absl::index_sequence_for<Ts...>> {
+ private:
+  template <int I>
+  using ElemT = internal_compressed_tuple::ElemT<CompressedTuple, I>;
+
+ public:
+  constexpr CompressedTuple() = default;
+  explicit constexpr CompressedTuple(Ts... base)
+      : CompressedTuple::CompressedTupleImpl(absl::forward<Ts>(base)...) {}
+
+  template <int I>
+  ElemT<I>& get() {
+    return internal_compressed_tuple::Storage<CompressedTuple, I>::get();
+  }
+
+  template <int I>
+  constexpr const ElemT<I>& get() const {
+    return internal_compressed_tuple::Storage<CompressedTuple, I>::get();
+  }
+};
+
+// Explicit specialization for a zero-element tuple
+// (needed to avoid ambiguous overloads for the default constructor).
+template <>
+class ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC CompressedTuple<> {};
+
+}  // namespace container_internal
+}  // namespace absl
+
+#undef ABSL_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_DECLSPEC
+
+#endif  // ABSL_CONTAINER_INTERNAL_COMPRESSED_TUPLE_H_
diff --git a/absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple_test.cc b/absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..45030c675ee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/container/internal/compressed_tuple.h"
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace absl {
+namespace container_internal {
+namespace {
+
+template <int>
+struct Empty {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct NotEmpty {
+  T value;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename U>
+struct TwoValues {
+  T value1;
+  U value2;
+};
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, Sizeof) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(int), sizeof(CompressedTuple<int>));
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(int), sizeof(CompressedTuple<int, Empty<0>>));
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(int), sizeof(CompressedTuple<int, Empty<0>, Empty<1>>));
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(int),
+            sizeof(CompressedTuple<int, Empty<0>, Empty<1>, Empty<2>>));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(TwoValues<int, double>),
+            sizeof(CompressedTuple<int, NotEmpty<double>>));
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(TwoValues<int, double>),
+            sizeof(CompressedTuple<int, Empty<0>, NotEmpty<double>>));
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(TwoValues<int, double>),
+            sizeof(CompressedTuple<int, Empty<0>, NotEmpty<double>, Empty<1>>));
+}
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, Access) {
+  struct S {
+    std::string x;
+  };
+  CompressedTuple<int, Empty<0>, S> x(7, {}, S{"ABC"});
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(x), sizeof(TwoValues<int, S>));
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, x.get<0>());
+  EXPECT_EQ("ABC", x.get<2>().x);
+}
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, NonClasses) {
+  CompressedTuple<int, const char*> x(7, "ABC");
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, x.get<0>());
+  EXPECT_STREQ("ABC", x.get<1>());
+}
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, MixClassAndNonClass) {
+  CompressedTuple<int, const char*, Empty<0>, NotEmpty<double>> x(7, "ABC", {},
+                                                                  {1.25});
+  struct Mock {
+    int v;
+    const char* p;
+    double d;
+  };
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(x), sizeof(Mock));
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, x.get<0>());
+  EXPECT_STREQ("ABC", x.get<1>());
+  EXPECT_EQ(1.25, x.get<3>().value);
+}
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, Nested) {
+  CompressedTuple<int, CompressedTuple<int>,
+                  CompressedTuple<int, CompressedTuple<int>>>
+      x(1, CompressedTuple<int>(2),
+        CompressedTuple<int, CompressedTuple<int>>(3, CompressedTuple<int>(4)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, x.get<0>());
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, x.get<1>().get<0>());
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, x.get<2>().get<0>());
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, x.get<2>().get<1>().get<0>());
+
+  CompressedTuple<Empty<0>, Empty<0>,
+                  CompressedTuple<Empty<0>, CompressedTuple<Empty<0>>>>
+      y;
+  std::set<Empty<0>*> empties{&y.get<0>(), &y.get<1>(), &y.get<2>().get<0>(),
+                              &y.get<2>().get<1>().get<0>()};
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+  // MSVC has a bug where many instances of the same base class are layed out in
+  // the same address when using __declspec(empty_bases).
+  // This will be fixed in a future version of MSVC.
+  int expected = 1;
+#else
+  int expected = 4;
+#endif
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, sizeof(y));
+  EXPECT_EQ(expected, empties.size());
+  EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(y), sizeof(Empty<0>) * empties.size());
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(4 * sizeof(char),
+            sizeof(CompressedTuple<CompressedTuple<char, char>,
+                                   CompressedTuple<char, char>>));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(
+      (std::is_empty<CompressedTuple<CompressedTuple<Empty<0>>,
+                                     CompressedTuple<Empty<1>>>>::value));
+}
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, Reference) {
+  int i = 7;
+  std::string s = "Very long std::string that goes in the heap";
+  CompressedTuple<int, int&, std::string, std::string&> x(i, i, s, s);
+
+  // Sanity check. We should have not moved from `s`
+  EXPECT_EQ(s, "Very long std::string that goes in the heap");
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(x.get<0>(), x.get<1>());
+  EXPECT_NE(&x.get<0>(), &x.get<1>());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&x.get<1>(), &i);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(x.get<2>(), x.get<3>());
+  EXPECT_NE(&x.get<2>(), &x.get<3>());
+  EXPECT_EQ(&x.get<3>(), &s);
+}
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, NoElements) {
+  CompressedTuple<> x;
+  static_cast<void>(x);  // Silence -Wunused-variable.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(std::is_empty<CompressedTuple<>>::value);
+}
+
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, Constexpr) {
+  constexpr CompressedTuple<int, double, CompressedTuple<int>> x(
+      7, 1.25, CompressedTuple<int>(5));
+  constexpr int x0 = x.get<0>();
+  constexpr double x1 = x.get<1>();
+  constexpr int x2 = x.get<2>().get<0>();
+  EXPECT_EQ(x0, 7);
+  EXPECT_EQ(x1, 1.25);
+  EXPECT_EQ(x2, 5);
+}
+
+#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+TEST(CompressedTupleTest, EmptyFinalClass) {
+  struct S final {
+    int f() const { return 5; }
+  };
+  CompressedTuple<S> x;
+  EXPECT_EQ(x.get<0>().f(), 5);
+}
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace container_internal
+}  // namespace absl