feat(postgres): Introduce database connection pool

Adds an r2d2 database connection pool to the backend type. This makes
it possible for separate FSMs to run at the same time through the same
backend, by retrieving separate connections.

3 files changed, 44 insertions, 10 deletions

diff --git a/finito-postgres/Cargo.toml b/finito-postgres/Cargo.toml
index 12bcef8c2f..dd8d1d0003 100644
--- a/finito-postgres/Cargo.toml
+++ b/finito-postgres/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ authors = ["Vincent Ambo <mail@tazj.in>"]
 
 [dependencies]
 chrono = "0.4"
+postgres-derive = "0.3"
 serde = "1.0"
 serde_json = "1.0"
-postgres-derive = "0.3"
+r2d2_postgres = "0.14"
 
 [dependencies.postgres]
 version = "0.15"
diff --git a/finito-postgres/src/error.rs b/finito-postgres/src/error.rs
index 0bf7f40185..e130d18361 100644
--- a/finito-postgres/src/error.rs
+++ b/finito-postgres/src/error.rs
@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ use uuid::Uuid;
 use std::error::Error as StdError;
 
 // errors to chain:
-use serde_json::Error as JsonError;
 use postgres::Error as PgError;
+use r2d2_postgres::r2d2::Error as PoolError;
+use serde_json::Error as JsonError;
 
 pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;
 
@@ -26,6 +27,9 @@ pub enum ErrorKind {
     /// Errors occuring during communication with the database.
     Database(String),
 
+    /// Errors with the database connection pool.
+    DBPool(String),
+
     /// State machine could not be found.
     FSMNotFound(Uuid),
 
@@ -43,6 +47,9 @@ impl fmt::Display for Error {
             Database(err) =>
                 format!("PostgreSQL error: {}", err),
 
+            DBPool(err) =>
+                format!("Database connection pool error: {}", err),
+
             FSMNotFound(id) =>
                 format!("FSM with ID {} not found", id),
 
@@ -80,6 +87,12 @@ impl From<PgError> for ErrorKind {
     }
 }
 
+impl From<PoolError> for ErrorKind {
+    fn from(err: PoolError) -> ErrorKind {
+        ErrorKind::DBPool(err.to_string())
+    }
+}
+
 /// Helper trait that makes it possible to supply contextual
 /// information with an error.
 pub trait ResultExt<T> {
diff --git a/finito-postgres/src/lib.rs b/finito-postgres/src/lib.rs
index 844e8f79fe..eea6405c6f 100644
--- a/finito-postgres/src/lib.rs
+++ b/finito-postgres/src/lib.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 extern crate chrono;
 extern crate finito;
+extern crate r2d2_postgres;
 extern crate serde;
 extern crate serde_json;
 extern crate uuid;
@@ -19,16 +20,20 @@ extern crate uuid;
 mod error;
 pub use error::{Result, Error, ErrorKind};
 
-use error::ResultExt;
 use chrono::prelude::{DateTime, Utc};
+use error::ResultExt;
 use finito::{FSM, FSMBackend};
-use postgres::{Connection, GenericConnection};
 use postgres::transaction::Transaction;
+use postgres::GenericConnection;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
 use serde_json::Value;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use uuid::Uuid;
+use r2d2_postgres::{r2d2, PostgresConnectionManager};
+
+type DBPool = r2d2::Pool<PostgresConnectionManager>;
+type DBConn = r2d2::PooledConnection<PostgresConnectionManager>;
 
 /// This struct represents rows in the database table in which events
 /// are persisted.
@@ -103,8 +108,16 @@ struct ActionT {
 /// now.
 pub struct FinitoPostgres<S> {
     state: S,
-    // TODO: Use connection pool?
-    conn: Connection,
+
+    db_pool: DBPool,
+}
+
+impl <S> FinitoPostgres<S> {
+    pub fn new(state: S, db_pool: DBPool, pool_size: usize) -> Self {
+        FinitoPostgres {
+            state, db_pool,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl <State: 'static> FSMBackend<State> for FinitoPostgres<State> {
@@ -121,14 +134,14 @@ impl <State: 'static> FSMBackend<State> for FinitoPostgres<State> {
         let fsm = S::FSM_NAME.to_string();
         let state = serde_json::to_value(initial).context("failed to serialise FSM")?;
 
-        self.conn.execute(query, &[&id, &fsm, &state]).context("failed to insert FSM")?;
+        self.conn()?.execute(query, &[&id, &fsm, &state]).context("failed to insert FSM")?;
 
         return Ok(id);
 
     }
 
     fn get_machine<S: FSM + DeserializeOwned>(&self, key: Uuid) -> Result<S> {
-        get_machine_internal(&self.conn, key, false)
+        get_machine_internal(&*self.conn()?, key, false)
     }
 
     /// Advance a persisted state machine by applying an event, and
@@ -147,7 +160,8 @@ impl <State: 'static> FSMBackend<State> for FinitoPostgres<State> {
           S::State: From<&'a State>,
           S::Event: Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
           S::Action: Serialize + DeserializeOwned {
-        let tx = self.conn.transaction().context("could not begin transaction")?;
+        let conn = self.conn()?;
+        let tx = conn.transaction().context("could not begin transaction")?;
         let state = get_machine_internal(&tx, key, true)?;
 
         // Advancing the FSM consumes the event, so it is persisted first:
@@ -184,9 +198,10 @@ impl <State: 'static> FinitoPostgres<State> {
         S::Action: Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
         S::State: From<&'a State> {
         let state: S::State = (&self.state).into();
+        let conn = self.conn().expect("TODO");
 
         for action_id in action_ids {
-            let tx = self.conn.transaction().expect("TODO");
+            let tx = conn.transaction().expect("TODO");
 
             // TODO: Determine which concurrency setup we actually want.
             if let Ok(events) = run_action(tx, action_id, &state, PhantomData::<S>) {
@@ -196,6 +211,11 @@ impl <State: 'static> FinitoPostgres<State> {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    /// Retrieve a single connection from the database connection pool.
+    fn conn(&self) -> Result<DBConn> {
+        self.db_pool.get().context("failed to retrieve connection from pool")
+    }
 }