Add a Config class to simplify adding configuration settings

The typical use is to inherit Config and add Setting<T> members:

  class MyClass : private Config
  {
    Setting<int> foo{this, 123, "foo", "the number of foos to use"};
    Setting<std::string> bar{this, "blabla", "bar", "the name of the bar"};

    MyClass() : Config(readConfigFile("/etc/my-app.conf"))
    {
      std::cout << foo << "\n"; // will print 123 unless overriden
    }
  };

Currently, this is used by Store and its subclasses for store
parameters. You now get a warning if you specify a non-existant store
parameter in a store URI.

16 files changed, 334 insertions, 40 deletions

diff --git a/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.cc b/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.cc
index 25ad0d75b7..b536c6c000 100644
--- a/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.cc
@@ -79,10 +79,7 @@ struct BinaryCacheStoreAccessor : public FSAccessor
 
 BinaryCacheStore::BinaryCacheStore(const Params & params)
     : Store(params)
-    , compression(get(params, "compression", "xz"))
-    , writeNARListing(get(params, "write-nar-listing", "0") == "1")
 {
-    auto secretKeyFile = get(params, "secret-key", "");
     if (secretKeyFile != "")
         secretKey = std::unique_ptr<SecretKey>(new SecretKey(readFile(secretKeyFile)));
 
diff --git a/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.hh b/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.hh
index d42b1abd24..5c2d0acfdb 100644
--- a/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.hh
+++ b/src/libstore/binary-cache-store.hh
@@ -13,13 +13,15 @@ struct NarInfo;
 
 class BinaryCacheStore : public Store
 {
-private:
+public:
 
-    std::unique_ptr<SecretKey> secretKey;
+    const Setting<std::string> compression{this, "xz", "compression", "NAR compression method ('xz', 'bzip2', or 'none')"};
+    const Setting<bool> writeNARListing{this, false, "write-nar-listing", "whether to write a JSON file listing the files in each NAR"};
+    const Setting<Path> secretKeyFile{this, "", "secret-key", "path to secret key used to sign the binary cache"};
 
-    std::string compression;
+private:
 
-    bool writeNARListing;
+    std::unique_ptr<SecretKey> secretKey;
 
 protected:
 
diff --git a/src/libstore/build.cc b/src/libstore/build.cc
index 968e291129..d9c299d099 100644
--- a/src/libstore/build.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/build.cc
@@ -3051,13 +3051,11 @@ Path DerivationGoal::openLogFile()
     string baseName = baseNameOf(drvPath);
 
     /* Create a log file. */
-    Path dir = (format("%1%/%2%/%3%/") % worker.store.logDir % worker.store.drvsLogDir % string(baseName, 0, 2)).str();
+    Path dir = fmt("%s/%s/%s/", worker.store.logDir, worker.store.drvsLogDir, string(baseName, 0, 2));
     createDirs(dir);
 
-    Path logFileName = (format("%1%/%2%%3%")
-        % dir
-        % string(baseName, 2)
-        % (settings.compressLog ? ".bz2" : "")).str();
+    Path logFileName = fmt("%s/%s%s", dir, string(baseName, 2),
+        settings.compressLog ? ".bz2" : "");
 
     fdLogFile = open(logFileName.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC, 0666);
     if (!fdLogFile) throw SysError(format("creating log file ‘%1%’") % logFileName);
diff --git a/src/libstore/legacy-ssh-store.cc b/src/libstore/legacy-ssh-store.cc
index 0e838846c7..befc560bfc 100644
--- a/src/libstore/legacy-ssh-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/legacy-ssh-store.cc
@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ static std::string uriScheme = "ssh://";
 
 struct LegacySSHStore : public Store
 {
+    const Setting<int> maxConnections{this, 1, "max-connections", "maximum number of concurrent SSH connections"};
+    const Setting<Path> sshKey{this, "", "ssh-key", "path to an SSH private key"};
+    const Setting<bool> compress{this, false, "compress", "whether to compress the connection"};
+
     struct Connection
     {
         std::unique_ptr<SSHMaster::Connection> sshConn;
@@ -29,16 +33,16 @@ struct LegacySSHStore : public Store
         : Store(params)
         , host(host)
         , connections(make_ref<Pool<Connection>>(
-            std::max(1, std::stoi(get(params, "max-connections", "1"))),
+            std::max(1, (int) maxConnections),
             [this]() { return openConnection(); },
             [](const ref<Connection> & r) { return true; }
             ))
         , master(
             host,
-            get(params, "ssh-key", ""),
+            sshKey,
             // Use SSH master only if using more than 1 connection.
             connections->capacity() > 1,
-            get(params, "compress", "") == "true")
+            compress)
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/src/libstore/local-fs-store.cc b/src/libstore/local-fs-store.cc
index 57e1b8a09f..bf247903c9 100644
--- a/src/libstore/local-fs-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/local-fs-store.cc
@@ -9,9 +9,6 @@ namespace nix {
 
 LocalFSStore::LocalFSStore(const Params & params)
     : Store(params)
-    , rootDir(get(params, "root"))
-    , stateDir(canonPath(get(params, "state", rootDir != "" ? rootDir + "/nix/var/nix" : settings.nixStateDir)))
-    , logDir(canonPath(get(params, "log", rootDir != "" ? rootDir + "/nix/var/log/nix" : settings.nixLogDir)))
 {
 }
 
@@ -88,6 +85,8 @@ void LocalFSStore::narFromPath(const Path & path, Sink & sink)
 
 const string LocalFSStore::drvsLogDir = "drvs";
 
+
+
 std::shared_ptr<std::string> LocalFSStore::getBuildLog(const Path & path_)
 {
     auto path(path_);
@@ -110,8 +109,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<std::string> LocalFSStore::getBuildLog(const Path & path_)
 
         Path logPath =
             j == 0
-            ? (format("%1%/%2%/%3%/%4%") % logDir % drvsLogDir % string(baseName, 0, 2) % string(baseName, 2)).str()
-            : (format("%1%/%2%/%3%") % logDir % drvsLogDir % baseName).str();
+            ? fmt("%s/%s/%s/%s", logDir, drvsLogDir, string(baseName, 0, 2), string(baseName, 2))
+            : fmt("%s/%s/%s", logDir, drvsLogDir, baseName);
         Path logBz2Path = logPath + ".bz2";
 
         if (pathExists(logPath))
diff --git a/src/libstore/local-store.cc b/src/libstore/local-store.cc
index 8610841d72..0ea897526b 100644
--- a/src/libstore/local-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/local-store.cc
@@ -38,13 +38,14 @@ namespace nix {
 LocalStore::LocalStore(const Params & params)
     : Store(params)
     , LocalFSStore(params)
-    , realStoreDir(get(params, "real", rootDir != "" ? rootDir + "/nix/store" : storeDir))
+    , realStoreDir_{this, false, rootDir != "" ? rootDir + "/nix/store" : storeDir, "real",
+        "physical path to the Nix store"}
+    , realStoreDir(realStoreDir_)
     , dbDir(stateDir + "/db")
     , linksDir(realStoreDir + "/.links")
     , reservedPath(dbDir + "/reserved")
     , schemaPath(dbDir + "/schema")
     , trashDir(realStoreDir + "/trash")
-    , requireSigs(trim(settings.get("signed-binary-caches", std::string("*"))) != "") // FIXME: rename option
     , publicKeys(getDefaultPublicKeys())
 {
     auto state(_state.lock());
diff --git a/src/libstore/local-store.hh b/src/libstore/local-store.hh
index 750da0c142..fec67ee7d9 100644
--- a/src/libstore/local-store.hh
+++ b/src/libstore/local-store.hh
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ private:
 
 public:
 
+    PathSetting realStoreDir_;
+
     const Path realStoreDir;
     const Path dbDir;
     const Path linksDir;
@@ -76,7 +78,9 @@ public:
 
 private:
 
-    bool requireSigs;
+    Setting<bool> requireSigs{(Store*) this,
+        trim(settings.get("signed-binary-caches", std::string("*"))) != "",
+        "require-sigs", "whether store paths should have a trusted signature on import"};
 
     PublicKeys publicKeys;
 
diff --git a/src/libstore/remote-store.cc b/src/libstore/remote-store.cc
index c9c5907874..e1df137e4d 100644
--- a/src/libstore/remote-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/remote-store.cc
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ template Paths readStorePaths(Store & store, Source & from);
 RemoteStore::RemoteStore(const Params & params)
     : Store(params)
     , connections(make_ref<Pool<Connection>>(
-            std::max(1, std::stoi(get(params, "max-connections", "1"))),
+            std::max(1, (int) maxConnections),
             [this]() { return openConnectionWrapper(); },
             [](const ref<Connection> & r) { return r->to.good() && r->from.good(); }
             ))
diff --git a/src/libstore/remote-store.hh b/src/libstore/remote-store.hh
index db8da7eaa8..479cf3a790 100644
--- a/src/libstore/remote-store.hh
+++ b/src/libstore/remote-store.hh
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ class RemoteStore : public virtual Store
 {
 public:
 
+    const Setting<int> maxConnections{(Store*) this, 1,
+            "max-connections", "maximum number of concurrent connections to the Nix daemon"};
+
     RemoteStore(const Params & params);
 
     /* Implementations of abstract store API methods. */
diff --git a/src/libstore/s3-binary-cache-store.cc b/src/libstore/s3-binary-cache-store.cc
index 3053f908c4..2454552960 100644
--- a/src/libstore/s3-binary-cache-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/s3-binary-cache-store.cc
@@ -125,22 +125,22 @@ S3Helper::DownloadResult S3Helper::getObject(
 
 struct S3BinaryCacheStoreImpl : public S3BinaryCacheStore
 {
+    const Setting<std::string> region{this, Aws::Region::US_EAST_1, "region", {"aws-region"}};
+    const Setting<std::string> narinfoCompression{this, "", "narinfo-compression", "compression method for .narinfo files"};
+    const Setting<std::string> lsCompression{this, "", "ls-compression", "compression method for .ls files"};
+    const Setting<std::string> logCompression{this, "", "log-compression", "compression method for log/* files"};
+
     std::string bucketName;
 
     Stats stats;
 
     S3Helper s3Helper;
 
-    std::string narinfoCompression, lsCompression, logCompression;
-
     S3BinaryCacheStoreImpl(
         const Params & params, const std::string & bucketName)
         : S3BinaryCacheStore(params)
         , bucketName(bucketName)
-        , s3Helper(get(params, "aws-region", Aws::Region::US_EAST_1))
-        , narinfoCompression(get(params, "narinfo-compression", ""))
-        , lsCompression(get(params, "ls-compression", ""))
-        , logCompression(get(params, "log-compression", ""))
+        , s3Helper(region)
     {
         diskCache = getNarInfoDiskCache();
     }
diff --git a/src/libstore/ssh-store.cc b/src/libstore/ssh-store.cc
index 2a81a8b1eb..bb536fadfd 100644
--- a/src/libstore/ssh-store.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/ssh-store.cc
@@ -14,16 +14,19 @@ class SSHStore : public RemoteStore
 {
 public:
 
+    const Setting<Path> sshKey{(Store*) this, "", "ssh-key", "path to an SSH private key"};
+    const Setting<bool> compress{(Store*) this, false, "compress", "whether to compress the connection"};
+
     SSHStore(const std::string & host, const Params & params)
         : Store(params)
         , RemoteStore(params)
         , host(host)
         , master(
             host,
-            get(params, "ssh-key", ""),
+            sshKey,
             // Use SSH master only if using more than 1 connection.
             connections->capacity() > 1,
-            get(params, "compress", "") == "true")
+            compress)
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/src/libstore/store-api.cc b/src/libstore/store-api.cc
index 53c802044e..cb62bdc0b6 100644
--- a/src/libstore/store-api.cc
+++ b/src/libstore/store-api.cc
@@ -241,8 +241,8 @@ Path Store::computeStorePathForText(const string & name, const string & s,
 
 
 Store::Store(const Params & params)
-    : storeDir(get(params, "store", settings.nixStore))
-    , state({std::stoi(get(params, "path-info-cache-size", "65536"))})
+    : Config(params)
+    , state({(size_t) pathInfoCacheSize})
 {
 }
 
@@ -718,7 +718,10 @@ ref<Store> openStore(const std::string & uri, const Store::Params & params)
 {
     for (auto fun : *RegisterStoreImplementation::implementations) {
         auto store = fun(uri, params);
-        if (store) return ref<Store>(store);
+        if (store) {
+            store->warnUnused();
+            return ref<Store>(store);
+        }
     }
 
     throw Error(format("don't know how to open Nix store ‘%s’") % uri);
diff --git a/src/libstore/store-api.hh b/src/libstore/store-api.hh
index c0a52145af..067309c9e9 100644
--- a/src/libstore/store-api.hh
+++ b/src/libstore/store-api.hh
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "lru-cache.hh"
 #include "sync.hh"
 #include "globals.hh"
+#include "config.hh"
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <limits>
@@ -224,13 +225,17 @@ struct BuildResult
 };
 
 
-class Store : public std::enable_shared_from_this<Store>
+class Store : public std::enable_shared_from_this<Store>, public Config
 {
 public:
 
     typedef std::map<std::string, std::string> Params;
 
-    const Path storeDir;
+    const PathSetting storeDir_{this, false, settings.nixStore,
+        "store", "path to the Nix store"};
+    const Path storeDir = storeDir_;
+
+    const Setting<int> pathInfoCacheSize{this, 65536, "path-info-cache-size", "size of the in-memory store path information cache"};
 
 protected:
 
@@ -585,9 +590,19 @@ protected:
 class LocalFSStore : public virtual Store
 {
 public:
-    const Path rootDir;
-    const Path stateDir;
-    const Path logDir;
+
+    // FIXME: the (Store*) cast works around a bug in gcc that causes
+    // it to emit the call to the Option constructor. Clang works fine
+    // either way.
+    const PathSetting rootDir{(Store*) this, true, "",
+        "root", "directory prefixed to all other paths"};
+    const PathSetting stateDir{(Store*) this, false,
+        rootDir != "" ? rootDir + "/nix/var/nix" : settings.nixStateDir,
+        "state", "directory where Nix will store state"};
+    const PathSetting logDir{(Store*) this, false,
+        rootDir != "" ? rootDir + "/nix/var/log/nix" : settings.nixLogDir,
+        "log", "directory where Nix will store state"};
+
     const static string drvsLogDir;
 
     LocalFSStore(const Params & params);
diff --git a/src/libutil/config.cc b/src/libutil/config.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f9f988607
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libutil/config.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#include "config.hh"
+#include "args.hh"
+
+namespace nix {
+
+void Config::set(const std::string & name, const std::string & value)
+{
+    auto i = _settings.find(name);
+    if (i == _settings.end())
+        throw UsageError("unknown setting '%s'", name);
+    i->second.setting->set(value);
+}
+
+void Config::add(AbstractSetting * setting)
+{
+    _settings.emplace(setting->name, Config::SettingData{false, setting});
+    for (auto & alias : setting->aliases)
+        _settings.emplace(alias, Config::SettingData{true, setting});
+
+    bool set = false;
+
+    auto i = initials.find(setting->name);
+    if (i != initials.end()) {
+        setting->set(i->second);
+        initials.erase(i);
+        set = true;
+    }
+
+    for (auto & alias : setting->aliases) {
+        auto i = initials.find(alias);
+        if (i != initials.end()) {
+            if (set)
+                warn("setting '%s' is set, but it's an alias of '%s' which is also set",
+                    alias, setting->name);
+            else {
+                setting->set(i->second);
+                initials.erase(i);
+                set = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Config::warnUnused()
+{
+    for (auto & i : initials)
+        warn("unknown setting '%s'", i.first);
+}
+
+std::string Config::dump()
+{
+    std::string res;
+    for (auto & opt : _settings)
+        if (!opt.second.isAlias)
+            res += opt.first + " = " + opt.second.setting->to_string() + "\n";
+    return res;
+}
+
+AbstractSetting::AbstractSetting(
+    const std::string & name,
+    const std::string & description,
+    const std::set<std::string> & aliases)
+    : name(name), description(description), aliases(aliases)
+{
+}
+
+template<> void Setting<std::string>::set(const std::string & str)
+{
+    value = str;
+}
+
+template<> std::string Setting<std::string>::to_string()
+{
+    return value;
+}
+
+template<> void Setting<int>::set(const std::string & str)
+{
+    try {
+        value = std::stoi(str);
+    } catch (...) {
+        throw UsageError("setting '%s' has invalid value '%s'", name, str);
+    }
+}
+
+template<> std::string Setting<int>::to_string()
+{
+    return std::to_string(value);
+}
+
+template<> void Setting<bool>::set(const std::string & str)
+{
+    value = str == "true" || str == "1";
+}
+
+template<> std::string Setting<bool>::to_string()
+{
+    return value ? "true" : "false";
+}
+
+void PathSetting::set(const std::string & str)
+{
+    if (str == "") {
+        if (allowEmpty)
+            value = "";
+        else
+            throw UsageError("setting '%s' cannot be empty", name);
+    } else
+        value = canonPath(str);
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/src/libutil/config.hh b/src/libutil/config.hh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb2d48e9c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libutil/config.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+
+#include "types.hh"
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace nix {
+
+class Args;
+class AbstractSetting;
+
+/* A class to simplify providing configuration settings. The typical
+   use is to inherit Config and add Setting<T> members:
+
+   class MyClass : private Config
+   {
+     Setting<int> foo{this, 123, "foo", "the number of foos to use"};
+     Setting<std::string> bar{this, "blabla", "bar", "the name of the bar"};
+
+     MyClass() : Config(readConfigFile("/etc/my-app.conf"))
+     {
+       std::cout << foo << "\n"; // will print 123 unless overriden
+     }
+   };
+*/
+
+class Config
+{
+    friend class AbstractSetting;
+
+    struct SettingData
+    {
+        bool isAlias = false;
+        AbstractSetting * setting;
+    };
+
+    std::map<std::string, SettingData> _settings;
+
+    StringMap initials;
+
+public:
+
+    Config(const StringMap & initials)
+        : initials(initials)
+    { }
+
+    void set(const std::string & name, const std::string & value);
+
+    void add(AbstractSetting * setting);
+
+    void warnUnused();
+
+    std::string dump();
+};
+
+class AbstractSetting
+{
+    friend class Config;
+
+public:
+
+    const std::string name;
+    const std::string description;
+    const std::set<std::string> aliases;
+
+    int created = 123;
+
+protected:
+
+    AbstractSetting(
+        const std::string & name,
+        const std::string & description,
+        const std::set<std::string> & aliases);
+
+    virtual ~AbstractSetting()
+    {
+        // Check against a gcc miscompilation causing our constructor
+        // not to run.
+        assert(created == 123);
+    }
+
+    virtual void set(const std::string & value) = 0;
+
+    virtual std::string to_string() = 0;
+};
+
+/* A setting of type T. */
+template<typename T>
+class Setting : public AbstractSetting
+{
+protected:
+
+    T value;
+
+public:
+
+    Setting(Config * options,
+        const T & def,
+        const std::string & name,
+        const std::string & description,
+        const std::set<std::string> & aliases = {})
+        : AbstractSetting(name, description, aliases)
+        , value(def)
+    {
+        options->add(this);
+    }
+
+    operator const T &() const { return value; }
+    bool operator ==(const T & v2) const { return value == v2; }
+    bool operator !=(const T & v2) const { return value != v2; }
+    void operator =(const T & v) { value = v; }
+
+    void set(const std::string & str) override;
+
+    std::string to_string() override;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+std::ostream & operator <<(std::ostream & str, const Setting<T> & opt)
+{
+    str << (const T &) opt;
+    return str;
+}
+
+/* A special setting for Paths. These are automatically canonicalised
+   (e.g. "/foo//bar/" becomes "/foo/bar"). */
+class PathSetting : public Setting<Path>
+{
+    bool allowEmpty;
+
+public:
+
+    PathSetting(Config * options,
+        bool allowEmpty,
+        const Path & def,
+        const std::string & name,
+        const std::string & description,
+        const std::set<std::string> & aliases = {})
+        : Setting<Path>(options, def, name, description, aliases)
+        , allowEmpty(allowEmpty)
+    {
+        set(value);
+    }
+
+    void set(const std::string & str) override;
+
+    Path operator +(const char * p) const { return value + p; }
+};
+
+}
diff --git a/src/libutil/types.hh b/src/libutil/types.hh
index 97d79af9b5..1429c23851 100644
--- a/src/libutil/types.hh
+++ b/src/libutil/types.hh
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <list>
 #include <set>
 #include <memory>
+#include <map>
 
 #include <boost/format.hpp>
 
@@ -141,6 +142,7 @@ private:
 
 typedef list<string> Strings;
 typedef set<string> StringSet;
+typedef std::map<std::string, std::string> StringMap;
 
 
 /* Paths are just strings. */