//! The composition module allows composing different kinds of services based on a set of service
//! configurations _at runtime_.
//!
//! Store configs are deserialized with serde. The registry provides a stateful mapping from the
//! `type` tag of an internally tagged enum on the serde side to a Config struct which is
//! deserialized and then returned as a `Box<dyn ServiceBuilder<Output = dyn BlobService>>`
//! (the same for DirectoryService instead of BlobService etc).
//!
//! ### Example 1.: Implementing a new BlobService
//!
//! You need a Config struct which implements `DeserializeOwned` and
//! `ServiceBuilder<Output = dyn BlobService>`.
//! Provide the user with a function to call with
//! their registry. You register your new type as:
//!
//! ```
//! use std::sync::Arc;
//!
//! use tvix_castore::composition::*;
//! use tvix_castore::blobservice::BlobService;
//!
//! #[derive(serde::Deserialize)]
//! struct MyBlobServiceConfig {
//! }
//!
//! #[tonic::async_trait]
//! impl ServiceBuilder for MyBlobServiceConfig {
//! type Output = dyn BlobService;
//! async fn build(&self, _: &str, _: &CompositionContext<Self::Output>) -> Result<Arc<Self::Output>, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {
//! todo!()
//! }
//! }
//!
//! pub fn add_my_service(reg: &mut Registry) {
//! reg.register::<Box<dyn ServiceBuilder<Output = dyn BlobService>>, MyBlobServiceConfig>("myblobservicetype");
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Now, when a user deserializes a store config with the type tag "myblobservicetype" into a
//! `Box<dyn ServiceBuilder<Output = Arc<dyn BlobService>>>`, it will be done via `MyBlobServiceConfig`.
//!
//! ### Example 2.: Composing stores to get one store
//!
//! ```
//! use tvix_castore::composition::*;
//! use tvix_castore::blobservice::BlobService;
//!
//! # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
//! # tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread().enable_all().build().unwrap().block_on(async move {
//! let blob_services_configs_json = serde_json::json!({
//! "blobstore1": {
//! "type": "memory"
//! },
//! "blobstore2": {
//! "type": "memory"
//! },
//! "default": {
//! "type": "combined",
//! "local": "blobstore1",
//! "remote": "blobstore2"
//! }
//! });
//!
//! let blob_services_configs = with_registry(®, || serde_json::from_value(blob_services_configs_json))?;
//! let blob_service_composition = Composition::<dyn BlobService>::from_configs(blob_services_configs);
//! let blob_service = blob_service_composition.build("default").await?;
//! # Ok(())
//! # })
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! ### Example 3.: Creating another registry extending the default registry with third-party types
//!
//! ```
//! # pub fn add_my_service(reg: &mut tvix_castore::composition::Registry) {}
//! let mut my_registry = tvix_castore::composition::Registry::default();
//! tvix_castore::composition::add_default_services(&mut my_registry);
//! add_my_service(&mut my_registry);
//! ```
//!
//! Continue with Example 2, with my_registry instead of REG
use erased_serde::deserialize;
use futures::future::BoxFuture;
use futures::FutureExt;
use lazy_static::lazy_static;
use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
use serde_tagged::de::{BoxFnSeed, SeedFactory};
use serde_tagged::util::TagString;
use std::any::{Any, TypeId};
use std::cell::Cell;
use std::collections::BTreeMap;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::marker::PhantomData;
use std::sync::Arc;
use tonic::async_trait;
/// Resolves tag names to the corresponding Config type.
// Registry implementation details:
// This is really ugly. Really we would want to store this as a generic static field:
//
// ```
// struct Registry<T>(BTreeMap<(&'static str), BoxSeedFn<T>);
// static REG<T>: Registry<T>;
// ```
//
// so that one version of the static is generated for each Type that the registry is accessed for.
// However, this is not possible, because generics are only a thing in functions, and even there
// they will not interact with static items:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/static-items.html#statics--generics
//
// So instead, we make this lookup at runtime by putting the TypeId into the key.
// But now we can no longer store the `BoxFnSeed<T>` because we are lacking the generic parameter
// T, so instead store it as `Box<dyn Any>` and downcast to `&BoxFnSeed<T>` when performing the
// lookup.
// I said it was ugly...
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct Registry(BTreeMap<(TypeId, &'static str), Box<dyn Any + Sync>>);
struct RegistryWithFakeType<'r, T>(&'r Registry, PhantomData<T>);
impl<'r, 'de: 'r, T: 'static> SeedFactory<'de, TagString<'de>> for RegistryWithFakeType<'r, T> {
type Value = DeserializeWithRegistry<T>;
type Seed = &'r BoxFnSeed<Self::Value>;
// Required method
fn seed<E>(self, tag: TagString<'de>) -> Result<Self::Seed, E>
where
E: serde::de::Error,
{
// using find() and not get() because of https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/80389
let seed: &Box<dyn Any + Sync> = self
.0
.0
.iter()
.find(|(k, _)| *k == &(TypeId::of::<T>(), tag.as_ref()))
.ok_or_else(|| serde::de::Error::custom("Unknown tag"))?
.1;
Ok(<dyn Any>::downcast_ref(&**seed).unwrap())
}
}
/// Wrapper type which implements Deserialize using the registry
///
/// Wrap your type in this in order to deserialize it using a registry, e.g.
/// `RegistryWithFakeType<Box<dyn MyTrait>>`, then the types registered for `Box<dyn MyTrait>`
/// will be used.
pub struct DeserializeWithRegistry<T>(T);
impl Registry {
/// Registers a mapping from type tag to a concrete type into the registry.
///
/// The type parameters are very important:
/// After calling `register::<Box<dyn FooTrait>, FooStruct>("footype")`, when a user
/// deserializes into an input with the type tag "myblobservicetype" into a
/// `Box<dyn FooTrait>`, it will first call the Deserialize imple of `FooStruct` and
/// then convert it into a `Box<dyn FooTrait>` using From::from.
pub fn register<T: 'static, C: DeserializeOwned + Into<T>>(&mut self, type_name: &'static str) {
let seed = BoxFnSeed::new(|x| {
deserialize::<C>(x)
.map(Into::into)
.map(DeserializeWithRegistry)
});
self.0
.insert((TypeId::of::<T>(), type_name), Box::new(seed));
}
}
impl<'de, T: 'static> serde::Deserialize<'de> for DeserializeWithRegistry<T> {
fn deserialize<D>(de: D) -> std::result::Result<Self, D::Error>
where
D: serde::Deserializer<'de>,
{
serde_tagged::de::internal::deserialize(
de,
"type",
RegistryWithFakeType(ACTIVE_REG.get().unwrap(), PhantomData::<T>),
)
}
}
thread_local! {
/// The active Registry is global state, because there is no convenient and universal way to pass state
/// into the functions usually used for deserialization, e.g. `serde_json::from_str`, `toml::from_str`,
/// `serde_qs::from_str`.
static ACTIVE_REG: Cell<Option<&'static Registry>> = panic!("reg was accessed before initialization");
}
/// Run the provided closure with a registry context.
/// Any serde deserialize calls within the closure will use the registry to resolve tag names to
/// the corresponding Config type.
pub fn with_registry<R>(reg: &'static Registry, f: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
ACTIVE_REG.set(Some(reg));
let result = f();
ACTIVE_REG.set(None);
result
}
lazy_static! {
/// The provided registry of tvix_castore, with all builtin BlobStore/DirectoryStore implementations
pub static ref REG: Registry = {
let mut reg = Registry(Default::default());
add_default_services(&mut reg);
reg
};
}
// ---------- End of generic registry code --------- //
/// Register the builtin services of tvix_castore with the given registry.
/// This is useful for creating your own registry with the builtin types _and_
/// extra third party types.
pub fn add_default_services(reg: &mut Registry) {
crate::blobservice::register_blob_services(reg);
crate::directoryservice::register_directory_services(reg);
}
pub struct CompositionContext<'a, T: ?Sized> {
stack: Vec<String>,
composition: Option<&'a Composition<T>>,
}
impl<'a, T: ?Sized + Send + Sync + 'static> CompositionContext<'a, T> {
pub fn blank() -> Self {
Self {
stack: Default::default(),
composition: None,
}
}
pub async fn resolve(
&self,
entrypoint: String,
) -> Result<Arc<T>, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {
// disallow recursion
if self.stack.contains(&entrypoint) {
return Err(CompositionError::Recursion(self.stack.clone()).into());
}
match self.composition {
Some(comp) => Ok(comp.build_internal(self.stack.clone(), entrypoint).await?),
None => Err(CompositionError::NotFound(entrypoint).into()),
}
}
}
#[async_trait]
/// This is the trait usually implemented on a per-store-type Config struct and
/// used to instantiate it.
pub trait ServiceBuilder: Send + Sync {
type Output: ?Sized;
async fn build(
&self,
instance_name: &str,
context: &CompositionContext<Self::Output>,
) -> Result<Arc<Self::Output>, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>>;
}
impl<T: ?Sized, S: ServiceBuilder<Output = T> + 'static> From<S>
for Box<dyn ServiceBuilder<Output = T>>
{
fn from(t: S) -> Self {
Box::new(t)
}
}
enum InstantiationState<T: ?Sized> {
Config(Box<dyn ServiceBuilder<Output = T>>),
InProgress(tokio::sync::watch::Receiver<Option<Result<Arc<T>, CompositionError>>>),
Done(Result<Arc<T>, CompositionError>),
}
pub struct Composition<T: ?Sized> {
stores: std::sync::Mutex<HashMap<String, InstantiationState<T>>>,
}
#[derive(thiserror::Error, Clone, Debug)]
pub enum CompositionError {
#[error("store not found: {0}")]
NotFound(String),
#[error("recursion not allowed {0:?}")]
Recursion(Vec<String>),
#[error("store construction panicked {0}")]
Poisoned(String),
#[error("instantiation of service {0} failed: {1}")]
Failed(String, Arc<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>),
}
impl<T: ?Sized + Send + Sync + 'static> Composition<T> {
pub fn from_configs(
// Keep the concrete `HashMap` type here since it allows for type
// inference of what type is previously being deserialized.
configs: HashMap<String, DeserializeWithRegistry<Box<dyn ServiceBuilder<Output = T>>>>,
) -> Self {
Self::from_configs_iter(configs)
}
pub fn from_configs_iter(
configs: impl IntoIterator<
Item = (
String,
DeserializeWithRegistry<Box<dyn ServiceBuilder<Output = T>>>,
),
>,
) -> Self {
Composition {
stores: std::sync::Mutex::new(
configs
.into_iter()
.map(|(k, v)| (k, InstantiationState::Config(v.0)))
.collect(),
),
}
}
pub async fn build(&self, entrypoint: &str) -> Result<Arc<T>, CompositionError> {
self.build_internal(vec![], entrypoint.to_string()).await
}
fn build_internal(
&self,
stack: Vec<String>,
entrypoint: String,
) -> BoxFuture<'_, Result<Arc<T>, CompositionError>> {
let mut stores = self.stores.lock().unwrap();
let entry = match stores.get_mut(&entrypoint) {
Some(v) => v,
None => return Box::pin(futures::future::err(CompositionError::NotFound(entrypoint))),
};
// for lifetime reasons, we put a placeholder value in the hashmap while we figure out what
// the new value should be. the Mutex stays locked the entire time, so nobody will ever see
// this temporary value.
let prev_val = std::mem::replace(
entry,
InstantiationState::Done(Err(CompositionError::Poisoned(entrypoint.clone()))),
);
let (new_val, ret) = match prev_val {
InstantiationState::Done(service) => (
InstantiationState::Done(service.clone()),
futures::future::ready(service).boxed(),
),
// the construction of the store has not started yet.
InstantiationState::Config(config) => {
let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::watch::channel(None);
(
InstantiationState::InProgress(rx),
(async move {
let mut new_context = CompositionContext {
stack: stack.clone(),
composition: Some(self),
};
new_context.stack.push(entrypoint.clone());
let res = config
.build(&entrypoint, &new_context)
.await
.map_err(|e| CompositionError::Failed(entrypoint, e.into()));
tx.send(Some(res.clone())).unwrap();
res
})
.boxed(),
)
}
// there is already a task driving forward the construction of this store, wait for it
// to notify us via the provided channel
InstantiationState::InProgress(mut recv) => {
(InstantiationState::InProgress(recv.clone()), {
(async move {
loop {
if let Some(v) =
recv.borrow_and_update().as_ref().map(|res| res.clone())
{
break v;
}
recv.changed().await.unwrap();
}
})
.boxed()
})
}
};
*entry = new_val;
ret
}
}
