path: root/src/libstore/optimise-store.cc

#include "util.hh"
#include "local-store.hh"
#include "immutable.hh"
#include "globals.hh"

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>


namespace nix {


static void makeWritable(const Path & path)
{
    struct stat st;
    if (lstat(path.c_str(), &st))
	throw SysError(format("getting attributes of path `%1%'") % path);
    if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) || S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) makeMutable(path);
    if (chmod(path.c_str(), st.st_mode | S_IWUSR) == -1)
        throw SysError(format("changing writability of `%1%'") % path);
}


struct MakeReadOnly
{
    Path path;
    MakeReadOnly(const Path & path) : path(path) { }
    ~MakeReadOnly()
    {
        try {
            /* This will make the path read-only (and restore the
               immutable bit on platforms that support it). */
            if (path != "") canonicalisePathMetaData(path, false);
        } catch (...) {
            ignoreException();
        }
    }
};


struct MakeImmutable
{
    Path path;
    MakeImmutable(const Path & path) : path(path) { }
    ~MakeImmutable() { makeImmutable(path); }
};


const string linksDir = ".links";


static void hashAndLink(OptimiseStats & stats, const Path & path)
{
    struct stat st;
    if (lstat(path.c_str(), &st))
	throw SysError(format("getting attributes of path `%1%'") % path);

    if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
        Strings names = readDirectory(path);
	foreach (Strings::iterator, i, names)
	    hashAndLink(stats, path + "/" + *i);
        return;
    }
    
    /* We can hard link regular files and symlinks. */
    if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) return;
        
    /* Sometimes SNAFUs can cause files in the Nix store to be
       modified, in particular when running programs as root under
       NixOS (example: $fontconfig/var/cache being modified).  Skip
       those files.  FIXME: check the modification time. */
    if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && (st.st_mode & S_IWUSR)) {
        printMsg(lvlError, format("skipping suspicious writable file `%1%'") % path);
        return;
    }

    /* Hash the file.  Note that hashPath() returns the hash over the
       NAR serialisation, which includes the execute bit on the file.
       Thus, executable and non-executable files with the same
       contents *won't* be linked (which is good because otherwise the
       permissions would be screwed up).

       Also note that if `path' is a symlink, then we're hashing the
       contents of the symlink (i.e. the result of readlink()), not
       the contents of the target (which may not even exist). */
    Hash hash = hashPath(htSHA256, path).first;
    stats.totalFiles++;
    printMsg(lvlDebug, format("`%1%' has hash `%2%'") % path % printHash(hash));

    /* Check if this is a known hash. */
    Path linkPath = nixStore + "/" + linksDir + "/" + printHash32(hash);

    if (!pathExists(linkPath)) {
        /* Nope, create a hard link in the links directory. */
        makeMutable(path);
        MakeImmutable mk1(path);

        if (link(path.c_str(), linkPath.c_str()) == -1)
            throw SysError(format("cannot link `%1%' to `%2%'") % linkPath % path);

        return;
    }

    /* Yes!  We've seen a file with the same contents.  Replace the
       current file with a hard link to that file. */
    struct stat stLink;
    if (lstat(linkPath.c_str(), &stLink))
	throw SysError(format("getting attributes of path `%1%'") % linkPath);
    
    stats.sameContents++;
    if (st.st_ino == stLink.st_ino) {
        printMsg(lvlDebug, format("`%1%' is already linked to `%2%'") % path % linkPath);
        return;
    }
        
    printMsg(lvlTalkative, format("linking `%1%' to `%2%'") % path % linkPath);

    Path tempLink = (format("%1%/.tmp-link-%2%-%3%")
        % nixStore % getpid() % rand()).str();

    /* Make the containing directory writable, but only if it's not
       the store itself (we don't want or need to mess with its
       permissions). */
    bool mustToggle = !isStorePath(path);
    if (mustToggle) makeWritable(dirOf(path));
            
    /* When we're done, make the directory read-only again and reset
       its timestamp back to 0. */
    MakeReadOnly makeReadOnly(mustToggle ? dirOf(path) : "");

    /* If ‘linkPath’ is immutable, we can't create hard links to it,
       so make it mutable first (and make it immutable again when
       we're done).  We also have to make ‘path’ mutable, otherwise
       rename() will fail to delete it. */
    makeMutable(linkPath);
    MakeImmutable mk1(linkPath);

    makeMutable(path);
    MakeImmutable mk2(path);

    if (link(linkPath.c_str(), tempLink.c_str()) == -1) {
        if (errno == EMLINK) {
            /* Too many links to the same file (>= 32000 on most file
               systems).  This is likely to happen with empty files.
               Just shrug and ignore. */
            printMsg(lvlInfo, format("`%1%' has maximum number of links") % linkPath);
            return;
        }
        throw SysError(format("cannot link `%1%' to `%2%'") % tempLink % linkPath);
    }

    /* Atomically replace the old file with the new hard link. */
    if (rename(tempLink.c_str(), path.c_str()) == -1) {
        if (errno == EMLINK) {
            /* Some filesystems generate too many links on the rename,
               rather than on the original link.  (Probably it
               temporarily increases the st_nlink field before
               decreasing it again.) */
            printMsg(lvlInfo, format("`%1%' has maximum number of links") % linkPath);

            /* Unlink the temp link. */
            if (unlink(linkPath.c_str()) == -1)
                printMsg(lvlError, format("unable to unlink `%1%'") % linkPath);
            return;
        }
        throw SysError(format("cannot rename `%1%' to `%2%'") % tempLink % path);
    }

    stats.filesLinked++;
    stats.bytesFreed += st.st_size;
    stats.blocksFreed += st.st_blocks;
}


void LocalStore::optimiseStore(OptimiseStats & stats)
{
    createDirs(nixStore + "/" + linksDir);

    PathSet paths = queryValidPaths();

    foreach (PathSet::iterator, i, paths) {
        addTempRoot(*i);
        if (!isValidPath(*i)) continue; /* path was GC'ed, probably */
        startNest(nest, lvlChatty, format("hashing files in `%1%'") % *i);
        hashAndLink(stats, *i);
    }
}


}