use crate::nixbase32;
use data_encoding::{BASE64, BASE64_NOPAD, HEXLOWER};
use thiserror::Error;
mod algos;
mod with_mode;
pub use algos::HashAlgo;
pub use with_mode::NixHashWithMode;
/// Nix allows specifying hashes in various encodings, and magically just
/// derives the encoding.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct NixHash {
pub digest: Vec<u8>,
pub algo: HashAlgo,
}
impl NixHash {
/// Constructs a new [NixHash] by specifying [HashAlgo] and digest.
pub fn new(algo: HashAlgo, digest: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
Self { algo, digest }
}
/// Formats a [NixHash] in the Nix default hash format,
/// which is the algo, followed by a colon, then the lower hex encoded digest.
pub fn to_nix_hash_string(&self) -> String {
format!("{}:{}", self.algo, HEXLOWER.encode(&self.digest))
}
}
/// Errors related to NixHash construction.
#[derive(Debug, Error)]
pub enum Error {
#[error("invalid hash algo: {0}")]
InvalidAlgo(String),
#[error("invalid SRI string: {0}")]
InvalidSRI(String),
#[error("invalid encoded digest length '{0}' for algo {1}")]
InvalidEncodedDigestLength(usize, HashAlgo),
#[error("invalid base16 encoding: {0}")]
InvalidBase16Encoding(data_encoding::DecodeError),
#[error("invalid base32 encoding: {0}")]
InvalidBase32Encoding(nixbase32::Nixbase32DecodeError),
#[error("invalid base64 encoding: {0}")]
InvalidBase64Encoding(data_encoding::DecodeError),
#[error("conflicting hash algo: {0} (hash_algo) vs {1} (inline)")]
ConflictingHashAlgos(String, String),
#[error("missing inline hash algo, but no externally-specified algo: {0}")]
MissingInlineHashAlgo(String),
}
/// parses a string to a nix hash.
///
/// Hashes can be:
/// - Nix hash strings
/// - SRI hashes
/// - bare digests
///
/// Encoding for Nix hash strings or bare digests can be:
/// - base16 (lowerhex),
/// - nixbase32,
/// - base64 (StdEncoding)
/// - sri string
///
/// The encoding is derived from the length of the string and the hash type.
/// The hash is communicated out-of-band, but might also be in-band (in the
/// case of a nix hash string or SRI), in which it needs to be consistent with the
/// one communicated out-of-band.
pub fn from_str(s: &str, algo_str: Option<&str>) -> Result<NixHash, Error> {
// validate algo_str, construct hash_algo
let algo: Option<HashAlgo> = match &algo_str {
Some("sha1") => Some(HashAlgo::Sha1),
Some("sha256") => Some(HashAlgo::Sha256),
Some("sha512") => Some(HashAlgo::Sha512),
Some("md5") => Some(HashAlgo::Md5),
Some(e) => return Err(Error::InvalidAlgo(e.to_string())),
None => None,
};
// peek at the beginning of the string. Let's detect the SRI path first.
if s.starts_with("sha1-")
|| s.starts_with("sha256-")
|| s.starts_with("sha512-")
|| s.starts_with("md5-")
{
let parsed_nixhash = from_sri_str(s)?;
// ensure the algo matches with what has been passed externally, if so.
if let Some(algo) = algo {
if algo != parsed_nixhash.algo {
return Err(Error::ConflictingHashAlgos(
algo.to_string(),
parsed_nixhash.algo.to_string(),
));
}
}
return Ok(parsed_nixhash);
}
// Now, peek at the beginning again to see if it's a Nix Hash
if s.starts_with("sha1:")
|| s.starts_with("sha256:")
|| s.starts_with("sha512:")
|| s.starts_with("md5:")
{
let parsed_nixhash = from_nix_str(s)?;
// ensure the algo matches with what has been passed externally, if so.
if let Some(algo) = algo {
if algo != parsed_nixhash.algo {
return Err(Error::ConflictingHashAlgos(
algo.to_string(),
parsed_nixhash.algo.to_string(),
));
}
}
return Ok(parsed_nixhash);
}
// In all other cases, we assume a bare digest, so there MUST be an externally-passed algo.
match algo {
// Fail if there isn't.
None => Err(Error::MissingInlineHashAlgo(s.to_string())),
Some(algo) => decode_digest(s, algo),
}
}
/// Parses a Nix hash string ($algo:$digest) to a NixHash.
pub fn from_nix_str(s: &str) -> Result<NixHash, Error> {
if let Some(rest) = s.strip_prefix("sha1:") {
decode_digest(rest, HashAlgo::Sha1)
} else if let Some(rest) = s.strip_prefix("sha256:") {
decode_digest(rest, HashAlgo::Sha256)
} else if let Some(rest) = s.strip_prefix("sha512:") {
decode_digest(rest, HashAlgo::Sha512)
} else if let Some(rest) = s.strip_prefix("md5:") {
decode_digest(rest, HashAlgo::Md5)
} else {
Err(Error::InvalidAlgo(s.to_string()))
}
}
/// Parses a Nix SRI string to a NixHash.
/// Contrary to the SRI spec, Nix doesn't support SRI strings with multiple hashes,
/// only supports sha256 and sha512 from the spec, and supports sha1 and md5
/// additionally.
/// It also accepts SRI strings where the base64 has an with invalid padding.
pub fn from_sri_str(s: &str) -> Result<NixHash, Error> {
// try to find the first occurence of "-"
let idx = s.as_bytes().iter().position(|&e| e == b'-');
if idx.is_none() {
return Err(Error::InvalidSRI(s.to_string()));
}
let idx = idx.unwrap();
// try to map the part before that `-` to a supported hash algo:
let algo: HashAlgo = s[..idx].try_into()?;
// the rest should be the digest (as Nix doesn't support more than one hash in an SRI string).
let encoded_digest = &s[idx + 1..];
let actual_len = encoded_digest.as_bytes().len();
// verify the digest length matches what we'd expect from the hash function,
// and then either try decoding as BASE64 or BASE64_NOPAD.
// This will also reject SRI strings with more than one hash, because the length won't match
if actual_len == BASE64.encode_len(hash_algo_length(&algo)) {
let digest: Vec<u8> = BASE64
.decode(encoded_digest.as_bytes())
.map_err(Error::InvalidBase64Encoding)?;
Ok(NixHash { digest, algo })
} else if actual_len == BASE64_NOPAD.encode_len(hash_algo_length(&algo)) {
let digest: Vec<u8> = BASE64_NOPAD
.decode(encoded_digest.as_bytes())
.map_err(Error::InvalidBase64Encoding)?;
Ok(NixHash { digest, algo })
} else {
// NOTE: As of now, we reject SRI hashes containing additional
// characters (which upstream Nix seems to simply truncate), as
// there's no occurence of this is in nixpkgs.
// It most likely should also be a bug in Nix.
Err(Error::InvalidEncodedDigestLength(
encoded_digest.as_bytes().len(),
algo,
))
}
}
/// decode a plain digest depending on the hash algo specified externally.
fn decode_digest(s: &str, algo: HashAlgo) -> Result<NixHash, Error> {
// for the chosen hash algo, calculate the expected (decoded) digest length
// (as bytes)
let expected_digest_len = hash_algo_length(&algo);
Ok(NixHash {
digest: match s.len() {
n if n == data_encoding::HEXLOWER.encode_len(expected_digest_len) => {
data_encoding::HEXLOWER
.decode(s.as_ref())
.map_err(Error::InvalidBase16Encoding)
}
n if n == nixbase32::encode_len(expected_digest_len) => {
nixbase32::decode(s.as_ref()).map_err(Error::InvalidBase32Encoding)
}
n if n == BASE64.encode_len(expected_digest_len) => BASE64
.decode(s.as_ref())
.map_err(Error::InvalidBase64Encoding),
_ => return Err(Error::InvalidEncodedDigestLength(s.len(), algo)),
}?,
algo,
})
}
// return the number of bytes in the digest of the given hash algo.
fn hash_algo_length(hash_algo: &HashAlgo) -> usize {
match hash_algo {
HashAlgo::Sha1 => 20,
HashAlgo::Sha256 => 32,
HashAlgo::Sha512 => 64,
HashAlgo::Md5 => 16,
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use crate::{
nixbase32,
nixhash::{self, HashAlgo, NixHash},
};
use test_case::test_case;
const DIGEST_SHA1: &[u8] = &[
0x60, 0x16, 0x77, 0x79, 0x97, 0xc3, 0x0a, 0xb0, 0x24, 0x13, 0xcf, 0x50, 0x95, 0x62, 0x2c,
0xd7, 0x92, 0x42, 0x83, 0xac,
];
const DIGEST_SHA256: &[u8] = &[
0xa5, 0xce, 0x9c, 0x15, 0x5e, 0xd0, 0x93, 0x97, 0x61, 0x46, 0x46, 0xc9, 0x71, 0x7f, 0xc7,
0xcd, 0x94, 0xb1, 0x02, 0x3d, 0x7b, 0x76, 0xb6, 0x18, 0xd4, 0x09, 0xe4, 0xfe, 0xfd, 0x6e,
0x9d, 0x39,
];
const DIGEST_SHA512: &[u8] = &[
0xab, 0x40, 0xd0, 0xbe, 0x35, 0x41, 0xf0, 0x77, 0x4b, 0xba, 0x78, 0x15, 0xd1, 0x3d, 0x10,
0xb0, 0x32, 0x52, 0xe9, 0x6e, 0x95, 0xf7, 0xdb, 0xb4, 0xee, 0x99, 0xa3, 0xb4, 0x31, 0xc2,
0x16, 0x62, 0xfd, 0x69, 0x71, 0xa0, 0x20, 0x16, 0x0e, 0x39, 0x84, 0x8a, 0xa5, 0xf3, 0x05,
0xb9, 0xbe, 0x0f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x7b, 0x2b, 0x07, 0x89, 0xe3, 0x9f, 0x12, 0x4d, 0x21, 0xe9,
0x2b, 0x8f, 0x39, 0xef,
];
const DIGEST_MD5: &[u8] = &[
0xc4, 0x87, 0x4a, 0x88, 0x97, 0x44, 0x0b, 0x39, 0x3d, 0x86, 0x2d, 0x8f, 0xd4, 0x59, 0x07,
0x3f,
];
fn to_base16(digest: &[u8]) -> String {
data_encoding::HEXLOWER.encode(digest)
}
fn to_nixbase32(digest: &[u8]) -> String {
nixbase32::encode(digest)
}
fn to_base64(digest: &[u8]) -> String {
data_encoding::BASE64.encode(digest)
}
fn to_base64_nopad(digest: &[u8]) -> String {
data_encoding::BASE64_NOPAD.encode(digest)
}
// TODO
fn make_nixhash(algo: &HashAlgo, digest_encoded: String) -> String {
format!("{}:{}", algo, digest_encoded)
}
fn make_sri_string(algo: &HashAlgo, digest_encoded: String) -> String {
format!("{}-{}", algo, digest_encoded)
}
/// Test parsing a hash string in various formats, and also when/how the out-of-band algo is needed.
#[test_case(DIGEST_SHA1, HashAlgo::Sha1; "sha1")]
#[test_case(DIGEST_SHA256, HashAlgo::Sha256; "sha256")]
#[test_case(DIGEST_SHA512, HashAlgo::Sha512; "sha512")]
#[test_case(DIGEST_MD5, HashAlgo::Md5; "md5")]
fn from_str(digest: &[u8], algo: HashAlgo) {
let expected_hash = NixHash {
digest: digest.to_vec(),
algo: algo,
};
// parse SRI
{
// base64 without out-of-band algo
let s = make_sri_string(&algo, to_base64(digest));
let h = nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(expected_hash, h);
// base64 with out-of-band-algo
let s = make_sri_string(&algo, to_base64(digest));
let h = nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(expected_hash, h);
// base64_nopad without out-of-band algo
let s = make_sri_string(&algo, to_base64_nopad(digest));
let h = nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(expected_hash, h);
// base64_nopad with out-of-band-algo
let s = make_sri_string(&algo, to_base64_nopad(digest));
let h = nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(expected_hash, h);
}
// parse plain base16. should succeed with algo out-of-band, but fail without.
{
let s = to_base16(digest);
nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect_err("must fail");
let h = nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(expected_hash, h);
}
// parse plain nixbase32. should succeed with algo out-of-band, but fail without.
{
let s = to_nixbase32(digest);
nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect_err("must fail");
let h = nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(expected_hash, h);
}
// parse plain base64. should succeed with algo out-of-band, but fail without.
{
let s = to_base64(digest);
nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect_err("must fail");
let h = nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(expected_hash, h);
}
// parse Nix hash strings
{
// base16. should succeed with both algo out-of-band and in-band.
{
let s = make_nixhash(&algo, to_base16(digest));
assert_eq!(
expected_hash,
nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect("must succeed")
);
assert_eq!(
expected_hash,
nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed")
);
}
// nixbase32. should succeed with both algo out-of-band and in-band.
{
let s = make_nixhash(&algo, to_nixbase32(digest));
assert_eq!(
expected_hash,
nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect("must succeed")
);
assert_eq!(
expected_hash,
nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed")
);
}
// base64. should succeed with both algo out-of-band and in-band.
{
let s = make_nixhash(&algo, to_base64(digest));
assert_eq!(
expected_hash,
nixhash::from_str(&s, None).expect("must succeed")
);
assert_eq!(
expected_hash,
nixhash::from_str(&s, Some(&algo.to_string())).expect("must succeed")
);
}
}
}
/// Test parsing an SRI hash via the [nixhash::from_sri_str] method.
#[test]
fn from_sri_str() {
let nix_hash = nixhash::from_sri_str("sha256-pc6cFV7Qk5dhRkbJcX/HzZSxAj17drYY1Ank/v1unTk=")
.expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(HashAlgo::Sha256, nix_hash.algo);
assert_eq!(
vec![
0xa5, 0xce, 0x9c, 0x15, 0x5e, 0xd0, 0x93, 0x97, 0x61, 0x46, 0x46, 0xc9, 0x71, 0x7f,
0xc7, 0xcd, 0x94, 0xb1, 0x02, 0x3d, 0x7b, 0x76, 0xb6, 0x18, 0xd4, 0x09, 0xe4, 0xfe,
0xfd, 0x6e, 0x9d, 0x39
],
nix_hash.digest
)
}
/// Ensure we detect truncated base64 digests, where the digest size
/// doesn't match what's expected from that hash function.
#[test]
fn from_sri_str_truncated() {
nixhash::from_sri_str("sha256-pc6cFV7Qk5dhRkbJcX/HzZSxAj17drYY1Ank")
.expect_err("must fail");
}
/// Ensure we fail on SRI hashes that Nix doesn't support.
#[test]
fn from_sri_str_unsupported() {
nixhash::from_sri_str(
"sha384-o4UVSl89mIB0sFUK+3jQbG+C9Zc9dRlV/Xd3KAvXEbhqxu0J5OAdg6b6VHKHwQ7U",
)
.expect_err("must fail");
}
/// Ensure we reject invalid base64 encoding
#[test]
fn from_sri_str_invalid_base64() {
nixhash::from_sri_str("sha256-invalid=base64").expect_err("must fail");
}
/// Ensure we reject SRI strings with multiple hashes, as Nix doesn't support that.
#[test]
fn from_sri_str_unsupported_multiple() {
nixhash::from_sri_str("sha256-ngth6szLtC1IJIYyz3lhftzL8SkrJkqPyPve+dGqa1Y= sha512-q0DQvjVB8HdLungV0T0QsDJS6W6V99u07pmjtDHCFmL9aXGgIBYOOYSKpfMFub4PeHJ7KweJ458STSHpK4857w==").expect_err("must fail");
}
/// Nix also accepts SRI strings with missing padding, but only in case the
/// string is expressed as SRI, so it still needs to have a `sha256-` prefix.
///
/// This both seems to work if it is passed with and without specifying the
/// hash algo out-of-band (hash = "sha256-…" or sha256 = "sha256-…")
///
/// Passing the same broken base64 string, but not as SRI, while passing
/// the hash algo out-of-band does not work.
#[test]
fn sha256_broken_padding() {
let broken_base64 = "fgIr3TyFGDAXP5+qoAaiMKDg/a1MlT6Fv/S/DaA24S8";
// if padded with a trailing '='
let expected_digest = vec![
0x7e, 0x02, 0x2b, 0xdd, 0x3c, 0x85, 0x18, 0x30, 0x17, 0x3f, 0x9f, 0xaa, 0xa0, 0x06,
0xa2, 0x30, 0xa0, 0xe0, 0xfd, 0xad, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x3e, 0x85, 0xbf, 0xf4, 0xbf, 0x0d,
0xa0, 0x36, 0xe1, 0x2f,
];
// passing hash algo out of band should succeed
let nix_hash = nixhash::from_str(&format!("sha256-{}", &broken_base64), Some("sha256"))
.expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(&expected_digest, &nix_hash.digest);
// not passing hash algo out of band should succeed
let nix_hash =
nixhash::from_str(&format!("sha256-{}", &broken_base64), None).expect("must succeed");
assert_eq!(&expected_digest, &nix_hash.digest);
// not passing SRI, but hash algo out of band should fail
nixhash::from_str(broken_base64, Some("sha256")).expect_err("must fail");
}
}
