import unittest from itertools import permutations class Node(object): def __init__(self, x): self.value = x self.children = [] def make_tree(c, xs): root = Node(c) for x in xs: root.children.append(make_tree(x, xs - {x})) return root def get_permutations(xs): xs = set(xs) root = make_tree("", xs) q, perms = [], set() q.append(("", root)) while q: c, node = q.pop() if not node.children: perms.add(c) else: for child in node.children: q.append((c + child.value, child)) return perms # Tests class Test(unittest.TestCase): def test_empty_string(self): actual = get_permutations('') expected = set(['']) self.assertEqual(actual, expected) def test_one_character_string(self): actual = get_permutations('a') expected = set(['a']) self.assertEqual(actual, expected) def test_two_character_string(self): actual = get_permutations('ab') expected = set(['ab', 'ba']) self.assertEqual(actual, expected) def test_three_character_string(self): actual = get_permutations('abc') expected = set(['abc', 'acb', 'bac', 'bca', 'cab', 'cba']) self.assertEqual(actual, expected) unittest.main(verbosity=2)