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-rw-r--r--third_party/git/read-cache.c3609
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 3609 deletions
diff --git a/third_party/git/read-cache.c b/third_party/git/read-cache.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 52ffa8a313..0000000000
--- a/third_party/git/read-cache.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3609 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * GIT - The information manager from hell
- *
- * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
- */
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "config.h"
-#include "diff.h"
-#include "diffcore.h"
-#include "tempfile.h"
-#include "lockfile.h"
-#include "cache-tree.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "dir.h"
-#include "object-store.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "resolve-undo.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
-#include "varint.h"
-#include "split-index.h"
-#include "utf8.h"
-#include "fsmonitor.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
-#include "progress.h"
-
-/* Mask for the name length in ce_flags in the on-disk index */
-
-#define CE_NAMEMASK  (0x0fff)
-
-/* Index extensions.
- *
- * The first letter should be 'A'..'Z' for extensions that are not
- * necessary for a correct operation (i.e. optimization data).
- * When new extensions are added that _needs_ to be understood in
- * order to correctly interpret the index file, pick character that
- * is outside the range, to cause the reader to abort.
- */
-
-#define CACHE_EXT(s) ( (s[0]<<24)|(s[1]<<16)|(s[2]<<8)|(s[3]) )
-#define CACHE_EXT_TREE 0x54524545	/* "TREE" */
-#define CACHE_EXT_RESOLVE_UNDO 0x52455543 /* "REUC" */
-#define CACHE_EXT_LINK 0x6c696e6b	  /* "link" */
-#define CACHE_EXT_UNTRACKED 0x554E5452	  /* "UNTR" */
-#define CACHE_EXT_FSMONITOR 0x46534D4E	  /* "FSMN" */
-#define CACHE_EXT_ENDOFINDEXENTRIES 0x454F4945	/* "EOIE" */
-#define CACHE_EXT_INDEXENTRYOFFSETTABLE 0x49454F54 /* "IEOT" */
-
-/* changes that can be kept in $GIT_DIR/index (basically all extensions) */
-#define EXTMASK (RESOLVE_UNDO_CHANGED | CACHE_TREE_CHANGED | \
-		 CE_ENTRY_ADDED | CE_ENTRY_REMOVED | CE_ENTRY_CHANGED | \
-		 SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED | UNTRACKED_CHANGED | FSMONITOR_CHANGED)
-
-
-/*
- * This is an estimate of the pathname length in the index.  We use
- * this for V4 index files to guess the un-deltafied size of the index
- * in memory because of pathname deltafication.  This is not required
- * for V2/V3 index formats because their pathnames are not compressed.
- * If the initial amount of memory set aside is not sufficient, the
- * mem pool will allocate extra memory.
- */
-#define CACHE_ENTRY_PATH_LENGTH 80
-
-static inline struct cache_entry *mem_pool__ce_alloc(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t len)
-{
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	ce = mem_pool_alloc(mem_pool, cache_entry_size(len));
-	ce->mem_pool_allocated = 1;
-	return ce;
-}
-
-static inline struct cache_entry *mem_pool__ce_calloc(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t len)
-{
-	struct cache_entry * ce;
-	ce = mem_pool_calloc(mem_pool, 1, cache_entry_size(len));
-	ce->mem_pool_allocated = 1;
-	return ce;
-}
-
-static struct mem_pool *find_mem_pool(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	struct mem_pool **pool_ptr;
-
-	if (istate->split_index && istate->split_index->base)
-		pool_ptr = &istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool;
-	else
-		pool_ptr = &istate->ce_mem_pool;
-
-	if (!*pool_ptr)
-		mem_pool_init(pool_ptr, 0);
-
-	return *pool_ptr;
-}
-
-static const char *alternate_index_output;
-
-static void set_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, int nr, struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	istate->cache[nr] = ce;
-	add_name_hash(istate, ce);
-}
-
-static void replace_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, int nr, struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	struct cache_entry *old = istate->cache[nr];
-
-	replace_index_entry_in_base(istate, old, ce);
-	remove_name_hash(istate, old);
-	discard_cache_entry(old);
-	ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_HASHED;
-	set_index_entry(istate, nr, ce);
-	ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
-	mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, ce);
-	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
-}
-
-void rename_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int nr, const char *new_name)
-{
-	struct cache_entry *old_entry = istate->cache[nr], *new_entry;
-	int namelen = strlen(new_name);
-
-	new_entry = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, namelen);
-	copy_cache_entry(new_entry, old_entry);
-	new_entry->ce_flags &= ~CE_HASHED;
-	new_entry->ce_namelen = namelen;
-	new_entry->index = 0;
-	memcpy(new_entry->name, new_name, namelen + 1);
-
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, old_entry->name);
-	untracked_cache_remove_from_index(istate, old_entry->name);
-	remove_index_entry_at(istate, nr);
-	add_index_entry(istate, new_entry, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
-}
-
-void fill_stat_data(struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st)
-{
-	sd->sd_ctime.sec = (unsigned int)st->st_ctime;
-	sd->sd_mtime.sec = (unsigned int)st->st_mtime;
-	sd->sd_ctime.nsec = ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st);
-	sd->sd_mtime.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st);
-	sd->sd_dev = st->st_dev;
-	sd->sd_ino = st->st_ino;
-	sd->sd_uid = st->st_uid;
-	sd->sd_gid = st->st_gid;
-	sd->sd_size = st->st_size;
-}
-
-int match_stat_data(const struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st)
-{
-	int changed = 0;
-
-	if (sd->sd_mtime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_mtime)
-		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (trust_ctime && check_stat &&
-	    sd->sd_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime)
-		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
-
-#ifdef USE_NSEC
-	if (check_stat && sd->sd_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st))
-		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (trust_ctime && check_stat &&
-	    sd->sd_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st))
-		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
-#endif
-
-	if (check_stat) {
-		if (sd->sd_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||
-			sd->sd_gid != (unsigned int) st->st_gid)
-			changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
-		if (sd->sd_ino != (unsigned int) st->st_ino)
-			changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
-	}
-
-#ifdef USE_STDEV
-	/*
-	 * st_dev breaks on network filesystems where different
-	 * clients will have different views of what "device"
-	 * the filesystem is on
-	 */
-	if (check_stat && sd->sd_dev != (unsigned int) st->st_dev)
-			changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
-#endif
-
-	if (sd->sd_size != (unsigned int) st->st_size)
-		changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
-
-	return changed;
-}
-
-/*
- * This only updates the "non-critical" parts of the directory
- * cache, ie the parts that aren't tracked by GIT, and only used
- * to validate the cache.
- */
-void fill_stat_cache_info(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
-{
-	fill_stat_data(&ce->ce_stat_data, st);
-
-	if (assume_unchanged)
-		ce->ce_flags |= CE_VALID;
-
-	if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode)) {
-		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
-		mark_fsmonitor_valid(istate, ce);
-	}
-}
-
-static int ce_compare_data(struct index_state *istate,
-			   const struct cache_entry *ce,
-			   struct stat *st)
-{
-	int match = -1;
-	int fd = git_open_cloexec(ce->name, O_RDONLY);
-
-	if (fd >= 0) {
-		struct object_id oid;
-		if (!index_fd(istate, &oid, fd, st, OBJ_BLOB, ce->name, 0))
-			match = !oideq(&oid, &ce->oid);
-		/* index_fd() closed the file descriptor already */
-	}
-	return match;
-}
-
-static int ce_compare_link(const struct cache_entry *ce, size_t expected_size)
-{
-	int match = -1;
-	void *buffer;
-	unsigned long size;
-	enum object_type type;
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, ce->name, expected_size))
-		return -1;
-
-	buffer = read_object_file(&ce->oid, &type, &size);
-	if (buffer) {
-		if (size == sb.len)
-			match = memcmp(buffer, sb.buf, size);
-		free(buffer);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return match;
-}
-
-static int ce_compare_gitlink(const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	struct object_id oid;
-
-	/*
-	 * We don't actually require that the .git directory
-	 * under GITLINK directory be a valid git directory. It
-	 * might even be missing (in case nobody populated that
-	 * sub-project).
-	 *
-	 * If so, we consider it always to match.
-	 */
-	if (resolve_gitlink_ref(ce->name, "HEAD", &oid) < 0)
-		return 0;
-	return !oideq(&oid, &ce->oid);
-}
-
-static int ce_modified_check_fs(struct index_state *istate,
-				const struct cache_entry *ce,
-				struct stat *st)
-{
-	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
-	case S_IFREG:
-		if (ce_compare_data(istate, ce, st))
-			return DATA_CHANGED;
-		break;
-	case S_IFLNK:
-		if (ce_compare_link(ce, xsize_t(st->st_size)))
-			return DATA_CHANGED;
-		break;
-	case S_IFDIR:
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
-			return ce_compare_gitlink(ce) ? DATA_CHANGED : 0;
-		/* else fallthrough */
-	default:
-		return TYPE_CHANGED;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int ce_match_stat_basic(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
-{
-	unsigned int changed = 0;
-
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
-		return MODE_CHANGED | DATA_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED;
-
-	switch (ce->ce_mode & S_IFMT) {
-	case S_IFREG:
-		changed |= !S_ISREG(st->st_mode) ? TYPE_CHANGED : 0;
-		/* We consider only the owner x bit to be relevant for
-		 * "mode changes"
-		 */
-		if (trust_executable_bit &&
-		    (0100 & (ce->ce_mode ^ st->st_mode)))
-			changed |= MODE_CHANGED;
-		break;
-	case S_IFLNK:
-		if (!S_ISLNK(st->st_mode) &&
-		    (has_symlinks || !S_ISREG(st->st_mode)))
-			changed |= TYPE_CHANGED;
-		break;
-	case S_IFGITLINK:
-		/* We ignore most of the st_xxx fields for gitlinks */
-		if (!S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
-			changed |= TYPE_CHANGED;
-		else if (ce_compare_gitlink(ce))
-			changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
-		return changed;
-	default:
-		BUG("unsupported ce_mode: %o", ce->ce_mode);
-	}
-
-	changed |= match_stat_data(&ce->ce_stat_data, st);
-
-	/* Racily smudged entry? */
-	if (!ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size) {
-		if (!is_empty_blob_sha1(ce->oid.hash))
-			changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
-	}
-
-	return changed;
-}
-
-static int is_racy_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
-			const struct stat_data *sd)
-{
-	return (istate->timestamp.sec &&
-#ifdef USE_NSEC
-		 /* nanosecond timestamped files can also be racy! */
-		(istate->timestamp.sec < sd->sd_mtime.sec ||
-		 (istate->timestamp.sec == sd->sd_mtime.sec &&
-		  istate->timestamp.nsec <= sd->sd_mtime.nsec))
-#else
-		istate->timestamp.sec <= sd->sd_mtime.sec
-#endif
-		);
-}
-
-int is_racy_timestamp(const struct index_state *istate,
-			     const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	return (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
-		is_racy_stat(istate, &ce->ce_stat_data));
-}
-
-int match_stat_data_racy(const struct index_state *istate,
-			 const struct stat_data *sd, struct stat *st)
-{
-	if (is_racy_stat(istate, sd))
-		return MTIME_CHANGED;
-	return match_stat_data(sd, st);
-}
-
-int ie_match_stat(struct index_state *istate,
-		  const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st,
-		  unsigned int options)
-{
-	unsigned int changed;
-	int ignore_valid = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID;
-	int ignore_skip_worktree = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
-	int assume_racy_is_modified = options & CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY;
-	int ignore_fsmonitor = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR;
-
-	if (!ignore_fsmonitor)
-		refresh_fsmonitor(istate);
-	/*
-	 * If it's marked as always valid in the index, it's
-	 * valid whatever the checked-out copy says.
-	 *
-	 * skip-worktree has the same effect with higher precedence
-	 */
-	if (!ignore_skip_worktree && ce_skip_worktree(ce))
-		return 0;
-	if (!ignore_valid && (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
-		return 0;
-	if (!ignore_fsmonitor && (ce->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID))
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Intent-to-add entries have not been added, so the index entry
-	 * by definition never matches what is in the work tree until it
-	 * actually gets added.
-	 */
-	if (ce_intent_to_add(ce))
-		return DATA_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED | MODE_CHANGED;
-
-	changed = ce_match_stat_basic(ce, st);
-
-	/*
-	 * Within 1 second of this sequence:
-	 * 	echo xyzzy >file && git-update-index --add file
-	 * running this command:
-	 * 	echo frotz >file
-	 * would give a falsely clean cache entry.  The mtime and
-	 * length match the cache, and other stat fields do not change.
-	 *
-	 * We could detect this at update-index time (the cache entry
-	 * being registered/updated records the same time as "now")
-	 * and delay the return from git-update-index, but that would
-	 * effectively mean we can make at most one commit per second,
-	 * which is not acceptable.  Instead, we check cache entries
-	 * whose mtime are the same as the index file timestamp more
-	 * carefully than others.
-	 */
-	if (!changed && is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce)) {
-		if (assume_racy_is_modified)
-			changed |= DATA_CHANGED;
-		else
-			changed |= ce_modified_check_fs(istate, ce, st);
-	}
-
-	return changed;
-}
-
-int ie_modified(struct index_state *istate,
-		const struct cache_entry *ce,
-		struct stat *st, unsigned int options)
-{
-	int changed, changed_fs;
-
-	changed = ie_match_stat(istate, ce, st, options);
-	if (!changed)
-		return 0;
-	/*
-	 * If the mode or type has changed, there's no point in trying
-	 * to refresh the entry - it's not going to match
-	 */
-	if (changed & (MODE_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED))
-		return changed;
-
-	/*
-	 * Immediately after read-tree or update-index --cacheinfo,
-	 * the length field is zero, as we have never even read the
-	 * lstat(2) information once, and we cannot trust DATA_CHANGED
-	 * returned by ie_match_stat() which in turn was returned by
-	 * ce_match_stat_basic() to signal that the filesize of the
-	 * blob changed.  We have to actually go to the filesystem to
-	 * see if the contents match, and if so, should answer "unchanged".
-	 *
-	 * The logic does not apply to gitlinks, as ce_match_stat_basic()
-	 * already has checked the actual HEAD from the filesystem in the
-	 * subproject.  If ie_match_stat() already said it is different,
-	 * then we know it is.
-	 */
-	if ((changed & DATA_CHANGED) &&
-	    (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) || ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size != 0))
-		return changed;
-
-	changed_fs = ce_modified_check_fs(istate, ce, st);
-	if (changed_fs)
-		return changed | changed_fs;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int base_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1,
-		      const char *name2, int len2, int mode2)
-{
-	unsigned char c1, c2;
-	int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2;
-	int cmp;
-
-	cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
-	if (cmp)
-		return cmp;
-	c1 = name1[len];
-	c2 = name2[len];
-	if (!c1 && S_ISDIR(mode1))
-		c1 = '/';
-	if (!c2 && S_ISDIR(mode2))
-		c2 = '/';
-	return (c1 < c2) ? -1 : (c1 > c2) ? 1 : 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * df_name_compare() is identical to base_name_compare(), except it
- * compares conflicting directory/file entries as equal. Note that
- * while a directory name compares as equal to a regular file, they
- * then individually compare _differently_ to a filename that has
- * a dot after the basename (because '\0' < '.' < '/').
- *
- * This is used by routines that want to traverse the git namespace
- * but then handle conflicting entries together when possible.
- */
-int df_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1,
-		    const char *name2, int len2, int mode2)
-{
-	int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2, cmp;
-	unsigned char c1, c2;
-
-	cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
-	if (cmp)
-		return cmp;
-	/* Directories and files compare equal (same length, same name) */
-	if (len1 == len2)
-		return 0;
-	c1 = name1[len];
-	if (!c1 && S_ISDIR(mode1))
-		c1 = '/';
-	c2 = name2[len];
-	if (!c2 && S_ISDIR(mode2))
-		c2 = '/';
-	if (c1 == '/' && !c2)
-		return 0;
-	if (c2 == '/' && !c1)
-		return 0;
-	return c1 - c2;
-}
-
-int name_compare(const char *name1, size_t len1, const char *name2, size_t len2)
-{
-	size_t min_len = (len1 < len2) ? len1 : len2;
-	int cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, min_len);
-	if (cmp)
-		return cmp;
-	if (len1 < len2)
-		return -1;
-	if (len1 > len2)
-		return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int cache_name_stage_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int stage1, const char *name2, int len2, int stage2)
-{
-	int cmp;
-
-	cmp = name_compare(name1, len1, name2, len2);
-	if (cmp)
-		return cmp;
-
-	if (stage1 < stage2)
-		return -1;
-	if (stage1 > stage2)
-		return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int index_name_stage_pos(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int stage)
-{
-	int first, last;
-
-	first = 0;
-	last = istate->cache_nr;
-	while (last > first) {
-		int next = first + ((last - first) >> 1);
-		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[next];
-		int cmp = cache_name_stage_compare(name, namelen, stage, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
-		if (!cmp)
-			return next;
-		if (cmp < 0) {
-			last = next;
-			continue;
-		}
-		first = next+1;
-	}
-	return -first-1;
-}
-
-int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
-{
-	return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, 0);
-}
-
-int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
-{
-	struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
-
-	record_resolve_undo(istate, ce);
-	remove_name_hash(istate, ce);
-	save_or_free_index_entry(istate, ce);
-	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_REMOVED;
-	istate->cache_nr--;
-	if (pos >= istate->cache_nr)
-		return 0;
-	MOVE_ARRAY(istate->cache + pos, istate->cache + pos + 1,
-		   istate->cache_nr - pos);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove all cache entries marked for removal, that is where
- * CE_REMOVE is set in ce_flags.  This is much more effective than
- * calling remove_index_entry_at() for each entry to be removed.
- */
-void remove_marked_cache_entries(struct index_state *istate, int invalidate)
-{
-	struct cache_entry **ce_array = istate->cache;
-	unsigned int i, j;
-
-	for (i = j = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		if (ce_array[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE) {
-			if (invalidate) {
-				cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate,
-							   ce_array[i]->name);
-				untracked_cache_remove_from_index(istate,
-								  ce_array[i]->name);
-			}
-			remove_name_hash(istate, ce_array[i]);
-			save_or_free_index_entry(istate, ce_array[i]);
-		}
-		else
-			ce_array[j++] = ce_array[i];
-	}
-	if (j == istate->cache_nr)
-		return;
-	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_REMOVED;
-	istate->cache_nr = j;
-}
-
-int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
-{
-	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, strlen(path));
-	if (pos < 0)
-		pos = -pos-1;
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, path);
-	untracked_cache_remove_from_index(istate, path);
-	while (pos < istate->cache_nr && !strcmp(istate->cache[pos]->name, path))
-		remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int compare_name(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *path, int namelen)
-{
-	return namelen != ce_namelen(ce) || memcmp(path, ce->name, namelen);
-}
-
-static int index_name_pos_also_unmerged(struct index_state *istate,
-	const char *path, int namelen)
-{
-	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-
-	if (pos >= 0)
-		return pos;
-
-	/* maybe unmerged? */
-	pos = -1 - pos;
-	if (pos >= istate->cache_nr ||
-			compare_name((ce = istate->cache[pos]), path, namelen))
-		return -1;
-
-	/* order of preference: stage 2, 1, 3 */
-	if (ce_stage(ce) == 1 && pos + 1 < istate->cache_nr &&
-			ce_stage((ce = istate->cache[pos + 1])) == 2 &&
-			!compare_name(ce, path, namelen))
-		pos++;
-	return pos;
-}
-
-static int different_name(struct cache_entry *ce, struct cache_entry *alias)
-{
-	int len = ce_namelen(ce);
-	return ce_namelen(alias) != len || memcmp(ce->name, alias->name, len);
-}
-
-/*
- * If we add a filename that aliases in the cache, we will use the
- * name that we already have - but we don't want to update the same
- * alias twice, because that implies that there were actually two
- * different files with aliasing names!
- *
- * So we use the CE_ADDED flag to verify that the alias was an old
- * one before we accept it as
- */
-static struct cache_entry *create_alias_ce(struct index_state *istate,
-					   struct cache_entry *ce,
-					   struct cache_entry *alias)
-{
-	int len;
-	struct cache_entry *new_entry;
-
-	if (alias->ce_flags & CE_ADDED)
-		die(_("will not add file alias '%s' ('%s' already exists in index)"),
-		    ce->name, alias->name);
-
-	/* Ok, create the new entry using the name of the existing alias */
-	len = ce_namelen(alias);
-	new_entry = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
-	memcpy(new_entry->name, alias->name, len);
-	copy_cache_entry(new_entry, ce);
-	save_or_free_index_entry(istate, ce);
-	return new_entry;
-}
-
-void set_object_name_for_intent_to_add_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	struct object_id oid;
-	if (write_object_file("", 0, blob_type, &oid))
-		die(_("cannot create an empty blob in the object database"));
-	oidcpy(&ce->oid, &oid);
-}
-
-int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st, int flags)
-{
-	int namelen, was_same;
-	mode_t st_mode = st->st_mode;
-	struct cache_entry *ce, *alias = NULL;
-	unsigned ce_option = CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE|CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY;
-	int verbose = flags & (ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE | ADD_CACHE_PRETEND);
-	int pretend = flags & ADD_CACHE_PRETEND;
-	int intent_only = flags & ADD_CACHE_INTENT;
-	int add_option = (ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE|
-			  (intent_only ? ADD_CACHE_NEW_ONLY : 0));
-	int hash_flags = HASH_WRITE_OBJECT;
-	struct object_id oid;
-
-	if (flags & ADD_CACHE_RENORMALIZE)
-		hash_flags |= HASH_RENORMALIZE;
-
-	if (!S_ISREG(st_mode) && !S_ISLNK(st_mode) && !S_ISDIR(st_mode))
-		return error(_("%s: can only add regular files, symbolic links or git-directories"), path);
-
-	namelen = strlen(path);
-	if (S_ISDIR(st_mode)) {
-		if (resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", &oid) < 0)
-			return error(_("'%s' does not have a commit checked out"), path);
-		while (namelen && path[namelen-1] == '/')
-			namelen--;
-	}
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, namelen);
-	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
-	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
-	if (!intent_only)
-		fill_stat_cache_info(istate, ce, st);
-	else
-		ce->ce_flags |= CE_INTENT_TO_ADD;
-
-
-	if (trust_executable_bit && has_symlinks) {
-		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(st_mode);
-	} else {
-		/* If there is an existing entry, pick the mode bits and type
-		 * from it, otherwise assume unexecutable regular file.
-		 */
-		struct cache_entry *ent;
-		int pos = index_name_pos_also_unmerged(istate, path, namelen);
-
-		ent = (0 <= pos) ? istate->cache[pos] : NULL;
-		ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(ent, st_mode);
-	}
-
-	/* When core.ignorecase=true, determine if a directory of the same name but differing
-	 * case already exists within the Git repository.  If it does, ensure the directory
-	 * case of the file being added to the repository matches (is folded into) the existing
-	 * entry's directory case.
-	 */
-	if (ignore_case) {
-		adjust_dirname_case(istate, ce->name);
-	}
-	if (!(flags & ADD_CACHE_RENORMALIZE)) {
-		alias = index_file_exists(istate, ce->name,
-					  ce_namelen(ce), ignore_case);
-		if (alias &&
-		    !ce_stage(alias) &&
-		    !ie_match_stat(istate, alias, st, ce_option)) {
-			/* Nothing changed, really */
-			if (!S_ISGITLINK(alias->ce_mode))
-				ce_mark_uptodate(alias);
-			alias->ce_flags |= CE_ADDED;
-
-			discard_cache_entry(ce);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	if (!intent_only) {
-		if (index_path(istate, &ce->oid, path, st, hash_flags)) {
-			discard_cache_entry(ce);
-			return error(_("unable to index file '%s'"), path);
-		}
-	} else
-		set_object_name_for_intent_to_add_entry(ce);
-
-	if (ignore_case && alias && different_name(ce, alias))
-		ce = create_alias_ce(istate, ce, alias);
-	ce->ce_flags |= CE_ADDED;
-
-	/* It was suspected to be racily clean, but it turns out to be Ok */
-	was_same = (alias &&
-		    !ce_stage(alias) &&
-		    oideq(&alias->oid, &ce->oid) &&
-		    ce->ce_mode == alias->ce_mode);
-
-	if (pretend)
-		discard_cache_entry(ce);
-	else if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, add_option)) {
-		discard_cache_entry(ce);
-		return error(_("unable to add '%s' to index"), path);
-	}
-	if (verbose && !was_same)
-		printf("add '%s'\n", path);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int add_file_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int flags)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	if (lstat(path, &st))
-		die_errno(_("unable to stat '%s'"), path);
-	return add_to_index(istate, path, &st, flags);
-}
-
-struct cache_entry *make_empty_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate, size_t len)
-{
-	return mem_pool__ce_calloc(find_mem_pool(istate), len);
-}
-
-struct cache_entry *make_empty_transient_cache_entry(size_t len)
-{
-	return xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
-}
-
-struct cache_entry *make_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate,
-				     unsigned int mode,
-				     const struct object_id *oid,
-				     const char *path,
-				     int stage,
-				     unsigned int refresh_options)
-{
-	struct cache_entry *ce, *ret;
-	int len;
-
-	if (!verify_path(path, mode)) {
-		error(_("invalid path '%s'"), path);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	len = strlen(path);
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
-
-	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
-	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
-	ce->ce_namelen = len;
-	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-
-	ret = refresh_cache_entry(istate, ce, refresh_options);
-	if (ret != ce)
-		discard_cache_entry(ce);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-struct cache_entry *make_transient_cache_entry(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
-					       const char *path, int stage)
-{
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	int len;
-
-	if (!verify_path(path, mode)) {
-		error(_("invalid path '%s'"), path);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	len = strlen(path);
-	ce = make_empty_transient_cache_entry(len);
-
-	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
-	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
-	ce->ce_namelen = len;
-	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-
-	return ce;
-}
-
-/*
- * Chmod an index entry with either +x or -x.
- *
- * Returns -1 if the chmod for the particular cache entry failed (if it's
- * not a regular file), -2 if an invalid flip argument is passed in, 0
- * otherwise.
- */
-int chmod_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce,
-		      char flip)
-{
-	if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
-		return -1;
-	switch (flip) {
-	case '+':
-		ce->ce_mode |= 0111;
-		break;
-	case '-':
-		ce->ce_mode &= ~0111;
-		break;
-	default:
-		return -2;
-	}
-	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, ce->name);
-	ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
-	mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, ce);
-	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int ce_same_name(const struct cache_entry *a, const struct cache_entry *b)
-{
-	int len = ce_namelen(a);
-	return ce_namelen(b) == len && !memcmp(a->name, b->name, len);
-}
-
-/*
- * We fundamentally don't like some paths: we don't want
- * dot or dot-dot anywhere, and for obvious reasons don't
- * want to recurse into ".git" either.
- *
- * Also, we don't want double slashes or slashes at the
- * end that can make pathnames ambiguous.
- */
-static int verify_dotfile(const char *rest, unsigned mode)
-{
-	/*
-	 * The first character was '.', but that
-	 * has already been discarded, we now test
-	 * the rest.
-	 */
-
-	/* "." is not allowed */
-	if (*rest == '\0' || is_dir_sep(*rest))
-		return 0;
-
-	switch (*rest) {
-	/*
-	 * ".git" followed by NUL or slash is bad. Note that we match
-	 * case-insensitively here, even if ignore_case is not set.
-	 * This outlaws ".GIT" everywhere out of an abundance of caution,
-	 * since there's really no good reason to allow it.
-	 *
-	 * Once we've seen ".git", we can also find ".gitmodules", etc (also
-	 * case-insensitively).
-	 */
-	case 'g':
-	case 'G':
-		if (rest[1] != 'i' && rest[1] != 'I')
-			break;
-		if (rest[2] != 't' && rest[2] != 'T')
-			break;
-		if (rest[3] == '\0' || is_dir_sep(rest[3]))
-			return 0;
-		if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
-			rest += 3;
-			if (skip_iprefix(rest, "modules", &rest) &&
-			    (*rest == '\0' || is_dir_sep(*rest)))
-				return 0;
-		}
-		break;
-	case '.':
-		if (rest[1] == '\0' || is_dir_sep(rest[1]))
-			return 0;
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-
-int verify_path(const char *path, unsigned mode)
-{
-	char c;
-
-	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
-		return 0;
-
-	goto inside;
-	for (;;) {
-		if (!c)
-			return 1;
-		if (is_dir_sep(c)) {
-inside:
-			if (protect_hfs) {
-				if (is_hfs_dotgit(path))
-					return 0;
-				if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
-					if (is_hfs_dotgitmodules(path))
-						return 0;
-				}
-			}
-			if (protect_ntfs) {
-				if (is_ntfs_dotgit(path))
-					return 0;
-				if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
-					if (is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(path))
-						return 0;
-				}
-			}
-
-			c = *path++;
-			if ((c == '.' && !verify_dotfile(path, mode)) ||
-			    is_dir_sep(c) || c == '\0')
-				return 0;
-		}
-		c = *path++;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Do we have another file that has the beginning components being a
- * proper superset of the name we're trying to add?
- */
-static int has_file_name(struct index_state *istate,
-			 const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
-{
-	int retval = 0;
-	int len = ce_namelen(ce);
-	int stage = ce_stage(ce);
-	const char *name = ce->name;
-
-	while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
-		struct cache_entry *p = istate->cache[pos++];
-
-		if (len >= ce_namelen(p))
-			break;
-		if (memcmp(name, p->name, len))
-			break;
-		if (ce_stage(p) != stage)
-			continue;
-		if (p->name[len] != '/')
-			continue;
-		if (p->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
-			continue;
-		retval = -1;
-		if (!ok_to_replace)
-			break;
-		remove_index_entry_at(istate, --pos);
-	}
-	return retval;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Like strcmp(), but also return the offset of the first change.
- * If strings are equal, return the length.
- */
-int strcmp_offset(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t *first_change)
-{
-	size_t k;
-
-	if (!first_change)
-		return strcmp(s1, s2);
-
-	for (k = 0; s1[k] == s2[k]; k++)
-		if (s1[k] == '\0')
-			break;
-
-	*first_change = k;
-	return (unsigned char)s1[k] - (unsigned char)s2[k];
-}
-
-/*
- * Do we have another file with a pathname that is a proper
- * subset of the name we're trying to add?
- *
- * That is, is there another file in the index with a path
- * that matches a sub-directory in the given entry?
- */
-static int has_dir_name(struct index_state *istate,
-			const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
-{
-	int retval = 0;
-	int stage = ce_stage(ce);
-	const char *name = ce->name;
-	const char *slash = name + ce_namelen(ce);
-	size_t len_eq_last;
-	int cmp_last = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * We are frequently called during an iteration on a sorted
-	 * list of pathnames and while building a new index.  Therefore,
-	 * there is a high probability that this entry will eventually
-	 * be appended to the index, rather than inserted in the middle.
-	 * If we can confirm that, we can avoid binary searches on the
-	 * components of the pathname.
-	 *
-	 * Compare the entry's full path with the last path in the index.
-	 */
-	if (istate->cache_nr > 0) {
-		cmp_last = strcmp_offset(name,
-			istate->cache[istate->cache_nr - 1]->name,
-			&len_eq_last);
-		if (cmp_last > 0) {
-			if (len_eq_last == 0) {
-				/*
-				 * The entry sorts AFTER the last one in the
-				 * index and their paths have no common prefix,
-				 * so there cannot be a F/D conflict.
-				 */
-				return retval;
-			} else {
-				/*
-				 * The entry sorts AFTER the last one in the
-				 * index, but has a common prefix.  Fall through
-				 * to the loop below to disect the entry's path
-				 * and see where the difference is.
-				 */
-			}
-		} else if (cmp_last == 0) {
-			/*
-			 * The entry exactly matches the last one in the
-			 * index, but because of multiple stage and CE_REMOVE
-			 * items, we fall through and let the regular search
-			 * code handle it.
-			 */
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (;;) {
-		size_t len;
-
-		for (;;) {
-			if (*--slash == '/')
-				break;
-			if (slash <= ce->name)
-				return retval;
-		}
-		len = slash - name;
-
-		if (cmp_last > 0) {
-			/*
-			 * (len + 1) is a directory boundary (including
-			 * the trailing slash).  And since the loop is
-			 * decrementing "slash", the first iteration is
-			 * the longest directory prefix; subsequent
-			 * iterations consider parent directories.
-			 */
-
-			if (len + 1 <= len_eq_last) {
-				/*
-				 * The directory prefix (including the trailing
-				 * slash) also appears as a prefix in the last
-				 * entry, so the remainder cannot collide (because
-				 * strcmp said the whole path was greater).
-				 *
-				 * EQ: last: xxx/A
-				 *     this: xxx/B
-				 *
-				 * LT: last: xxx/file_A
-				 *     this: xxx/file_B
-				 */
-				return retval;
-			}
-
-			if (len > len_eq_last) {
-				/*
-				 * This part of the directory prefix (excluding
-				 * the trailing slash) is longer than the known
-				 * equal portions, so this sub-directory cannot
-				 * collide with a file.
-				 *
-				 * GT: last: xxxA
-				 *     this: xxxB/file
-				 */
-				return retval;
-			}
-
-			if (istate->cache_nr > 0 &&
-				ce_namelen(istate->cache[istate->cache_nr - 1]) > len) {
-				/*
-				 * The directory prefix lines up with part of
-				 * a longer file or directory name, but sorts
-				 * after it, so this sub-directory cannot
-				 * collide with a file.
-				 *
-				 * last: xxx/yy-file (because '-' sorts before '/')
-				 * this: xxx/yy/abc
-				 */
-				return retval;
-			}
-
-			/*
-			 * This is a possible collision. Fall through and
-			 * let the regular search code handle it.
-			 *
-			 * last: xxx
-			 * this: xxx/file
-			 */
-		}
-
-		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, len, stage);
-		if (pos >= 0) {
-			/*
-			 * Found one, but not so fast.  This could
-			 * be a marker that says "I was here, but
-			 * I am being removed".  Such an entry is
-			 * not a part of the resulting tree, and
-			 * it is Ok to have a directory at the same
-			 * path.
-			 */
-			if (!(istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)) {
-				retval = -1;
-				if (!ok_to_replace)
-					break;
-				remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-		else
-			pos = -pos-1;
-
-		/*
-		 * Trivial optimization: if we find an entry that
-		 * already matches the sub-directory, then we know
-		 * we're ok, and we can exit.
-		 */
-		while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
-			struct cache_entry *p = istate->cache[pos];
-			if ((ce_namelen(p) <= len) ||
-			    (p->name[len] != '/') ||
-			    memcmp(p->name, name, len))
-				break; /* not our subdirectory */
-			if (ce_stage(p) == stage && !(p->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE))
-				/*
-				 * p is at the same stage as our entry, and
-				 * is a subdirectory of what we are looking
-				 * at, so we cannot have conflicts at our
-				 * level or anything shorter.
-				 */
-				return retval;
-			pos++;
-		}
-	}
-	return retval;
-}
-
-/* We may be in a situation where we already have path/file and path
- * is being added, or we already have path and path/file is being
- * added.  Either one would result in a nonsense tree that has path
- * twice when git-write-tree tries to write it out.  Prevent it.
- *
- * If ok-to-replace is specified, we remove the conflicting entries
- * from the cache so the caller should recompute the insert position.
- * When this happens, we return non-zero.
- */
-static int check_file_directory_conflict(struct index_state *istate,
-					 const struct cache_entry *ce,
-					 int pos, int ok_to_replace)
-{
-	int retval;
-
-	/*
-	 * When ce is an "I am going away" entry, we allow it to be added
-	 */
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * We check if the path is a sub-path of a subsequent pathname
-	 * first, since removing those will not change the position
-	 * in the array.
-	 */
-	retval = has_file_name(istate, ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
-
-	/*
-	 * Then check if the path might have a clashing sub-directory
-	 * before it.
-	 */
-	return retval + has_dir_name(istate, ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
-}
-
-static int add_index_entry_with_check(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
-{
-	int pos;
-	int ok_to_add = option & ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD;
-	int ok_to_replace = option & ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE;
-	int skip_df_check = option & ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK;
-	int new_only = option & ADD_CACHE_NEW_ONLY;
-
-	if (!(option & ADD_CACHE_KEEP_CACHE_TREE))
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, ce->name);
-
-	/*
-	 * If this entry's path sorts after the last entry in the index,
-	 * we can avoid searching for it.
-	 */
-	if (istate->cache_nr > 0 &&
-		strcmp(ce->name, istate->cache[istate->cache_nr - 1]->name) > 0)
-		pos = -istate->cache_nr - 1;
-	else
-		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
-
-	/* existing match? Just replace it. */
-	if (pos >= 0) {
-		if (!new_only)
-			replace_index_entry(istate, pos, ce);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	pos = -pos-1;
-
-	if (!(option & ADD_CACHE_KEEP_CACHE_TREE))
-		untracked_cache_add_to_index(istate, ce->name);
-
-	/*
-	 * Inserting a merged entry ("stage 0") into the index
-	 * will always replace all non-merged entries..
-	 */
-	if (pos < istate->cache_nr && ce_stage(ce) == 0) {
-		while (ce_same_name(istate->cache[pos], ce)) {
-			ok_to_add = 1;
-			if (!remove_index_entry_at(istate, pos))
-				break;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!ok_to_add)
-		return -1;
-	if (!verify_path(ce->name, ce->ce_mode))
-		return error(_("invalid path '%s'"), ce->name);
-
-	if (!skip_df_check &&
-	    check_file_directory_conflict(istate, ce, pos, ok_to_replace)) {
-		if (!ok_to_replace)
-			return error(_("'%s' appears as both a file and as a directory"),
-				     ce->name);
-		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
-		pos = -pos-1;
-	}
-	return pos + 1;
-}
-
-int add_index_entry(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
-{
-	int pos;
-
-	if (option & ADD_CACHE_JUST_APPEND)
-		pos = istate->cache_nr;
-	else {
-		int ret;
-		ret = add_index_entry_with_check(istate, ce, option);
-		if (ret <= 0)
-			return ret;
-		pos = ret - 1;
-	}
-
-	/* Make sure the array is big enough .. */
-	ALLOC_GROW(istate->cache, istate->cache_nr + 1, istate->cache_alloc);
-
-	/* Add it in.. */
-	istate->cache_nr++;
-	if (istate->cache_nr > pos + 1)
-		MOVE_ARRAY(istate->cache + pos + 1, istate->cache + pos,
-			   istate->cache_nr - pos - 1);
-	set_index_entry(istate, pos, ce);
-	istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_ADDED;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * "refresh" does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the
- * cache up-to-date for mode/content changes. But what it
- * _does_ do is to "re-match" the stat information of a file
- * with the cache, so that you can refresh the cache for a
- * file that hasn't been changed but where the stat entry is
- * out of date.
- *
- * For example, you'd want to do this after doing a "git-read-tree",
- * to link up the stat cache details with the proper files.
- */
-static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
-					     struct cache_entry *ce,
-					     unsigned int options, int *err,
-					     int *changed_ret)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	struct cache_entry *updated;
-	int changed;
-	int refresh = options & CE_MATCH_REFRESH;
-	int ignore_valid = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID;
-	int ignore_skip_worktree = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
-	int ignore_missing = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_MISSING;
-	int ignore_fsmonitor = options & CE_MATCH_IGNORE_FSMONITOR;
-
-	if (!refresh || ce_uptodate(ce))
-		return ce;
-
-	if (!ignore_fsmonitor)
-		refresh_fsmonitor(istate);
-	/*
-	 * CE_VALID or CE_SKIP_WORKTREE means the user promised us
-	 * that the change to the work tree does not matter and told
-	 * us not to worry.
-	 */
-	if (!ignore_skip_worktree && ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
-		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
-		return ce;
-	}
-	if (!ignore_valid && (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)) {
-		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
-		return ce;
-	}
-	if (!ignore_fsmonitor && (ce->ce_flags & CE_FSMONITOR_VALID)) {
-		ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
-		return ce;
-	}
-
-	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce))) {
-		if (ignore_missing)
-			return ce;
-		if (err)
-			*err = ENOENT;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
-		if (ignore_missing && errno == ENOENT)
-			return ce;
-		if (err)
-			*err = errno;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	changed = ie_match_stat(istate, ce, &st, options);
-	if (changed_ret)
-		*changed_ret = changed;
-	if (!changed) {
-		/*
-		 * The path is unchanged.  If we were told to ignore
-		 * valid bit, then we did the actual stat check and
-		 * found that the entry is unmodified.  If the entry
-		 * is not marked VALID, this is the place to mark it
-		 * valid again, under "assume unchanged" mode.
-		 */
-		if (ignore_valid && assume_unchanged &&
-		    !(ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
-			; /* mark this one VALID again */
-		else {
-			/*
-			 * We do not mark the index itself "modified"
-			 * because CE_UPTODATE flag is in-core only;
-			 * we are not going to write this change out.
-			 */
-			if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
-				ce_mark_uptodate(ce);
-				mark_fsmonitor_valid(istate, ce);
-			}
-			return ce;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (ie_modified(istate, ce, &st, options)) {
-		if (err)
-			*err = EINVAL;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	updated = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, ce_namelen(ce));
-	copy_cache_entry(updated, ce);
-	memcpy(updated->name, ce->name, ce->ce_namelen + 1);
-	fill_stat_cache_info(istate, updated, &st);
-	/*
-	 * If ignore_valid is not set, we should leave CE_VALID bit
-	 * alone.  Otherwise, paths marked with --no-assume-unchanged
-	 * (i.e. things to be edited) will reacquire CE_VALID bit
-	 * automatically, which is not really what we want.
-	 */
-	if (!ignore_valid && assume_unchanged &&
-	    !(ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
-		updated->ce_flags &= ~CE_VALID;
-
-	/* istate->cache_changed is updated in the caller */
-	return updated;
-}
-
-static void show_file(const char * fmt, const char * name, int in_porcelain,
-		      int * first, const char *header_msg)
-{
-	if (in_porcelain && *first && header_msg) {
-		printf("%s\n", header_msg);
-		*first = 0;
-	}
-	printf(fmt, name);
-}
-
-int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags,
-		  const struct pathspec *pathspec,
-		  char *seen, const char *header_msg)
-{
-	int i;
-	int has_errors = 0;
-	int really = (flags & REFRESH_REALLY) != 0;
-	int allow_unmerged = (flags & REFRESH_UNMERGED) != 0;
-	int quiet = (flags & REFRESH_QUIET) != 0;
-	int not_new = (flags & REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING) != 0;
-	int ignore_submodules = (flags & REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES) != 0;
-	int first = 1;
-	int in_porcelain = (flags & REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
-	unsigned int options = (CE_MATCH_REFRESH |
-				(really ? CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID : 0) |
-				(not_new ? CE_MATCH_IGNORE_MISSING : 0));
-	const char *modified_fmt;
-	const char *deleted_fmt;
-	const char *typechange_fmt;
-	const char *added_fmt;
-	const char *unmerged_fmt;
-	struct progress *progress = NULL;
-
-	if (flags & REFRESH_PROGRESS && isatty(2))
-		progress = start_delayed_progress(_("Refresh index"),
-						  istate->cache_nr);
-
-	trace_performance_enter();
-	modified_fmt   = in_porcelain ? "M\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n";
-	deleted_fmt    = in_porcelain ? "D\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n";
-	typechange_fmt = in_porcelain ? "T\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n";
-	added_fmt      = in_porcelain ? "A\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n";
-	unmerged_fmt   = in_porcelain ? "U\t%s\n" : "%s: needs merge\n";
-	/*
-	 * Use the multi-threaded preload_index() to refresh most of the
-	 * cache entries quickly then in the single threaded loop below,
-	 * we only have to do the special cases that are left.
-	 */
-	preload_index(istate, pathspec, 0);
-	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce, *new_entry;
-		int cache_errno = 0;
-		int changed = 0;
-		int filtered = 0;
-
-		ce = istate->cache[i];
-		if (ignore_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
-			continue;
-
-		if (pathspec && !ce_path_match(istate, ce, pathspec, seen))
-			filtered = 1;
-
-		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
-			while ((i < istate->cache_nr) &&
-			       ! strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, ce->name))
-				i++;
-			i--;
-			if (allow_unmerged)
-				continue;
-			if (!filtered)
-				show_file(unmerged_fmt, ce->name, in_porcelain,
-					  &first, header_msg);
-			has_errors = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (filtered)
-			continue;
-
-		new_entry = refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, &cache_errno, &changed);
-		if (new_entry == ce)
-			continue;
-		if (progress)
-			display_progress(progress, i);
-		if (!new_entry) {
-			const char *fmt;
-
-			if (really && cache_errno == EINVAL) {
-				/* If we are doing --really-refresh that
-				 * means the index is not valid anymore.
-				 */
-				ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_VALID;
-				ce->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
-				mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, ce);
-				istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
-			}
-			if (quiet)
-				continue;
-
-			if (cache_errno == ENOENT)
-				fmt = deleted_fmt;
-			else if (ce_intent_to_add(ce))
-				fmt = added_fmt; /* must be before other checks */
-			else if (changed & TYPE_CHANGED)
-				fmt = typechange_fmt;
-			else
-				fmt = modified_fmt;
-			show_file(fmt,
-				  ce->name, in_porcelain, &first, header_msg);
-			has_errors = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		replace_index_entry(istate, i, new_entry);
-	}
-	if (progress) {
-		display_progress(progress, istate->cache_nr);
-		stop_progress(&progress);
-	}
-	trace_performance_leave("refresh index");
-	return has_errors;
-}
-
-struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct index_state *istate,
-					struct cache_entry *ce,
-					unsigned int options)
-{
-	return refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, NULL, NULL);
-}
-
-
-/*****************************************************************
- * Index File I/O
- *****************************************************************/
-
-#define INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT 3
-
-static unsigned int get_index_format_default(void)
-{
-	char *envversion = getenv("GIT_INDEX_VERSION");
-	char *endp;
-	int value;
-	unsigned int version = INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
-
-	if (!envversion) {
-		if (!git_config_get_int("index.version", &value))
-			version = value;
-		if (version < INDEX_FORMAT_LB || INDEX_FORMAT_UB < version) {
-			warning(_("index.version set, but the value is invalid.\n"
-				  "Using version %i"), INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT);
-			return INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
-		}
-		return version;
-	}
-
-	version = strtoul(envversion, &endp, 10);
-	if (*endp ||
-	    version < INDEX_FORMAT_LB || INDEX_FORMAT_UB < version) {
-		warning(_("GIT_INDEX_VERSION set, but the value is invalid.\n"
-			  "Using version %i"), INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT);
-		version = INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
-	}
-	return version;
-}
-
-/*
- * dev/ino/uid/gid/size are also just tracked to the low 32 bits
- * Again - this is just a (very strong in practice) heuristic that
- * the inode hasn't changed.
- *
- * We save the fields in big-endian order to allow using the
- * index file over NFS transparently.
- */
-struct ondisk_cache_entry {
-	struct cache_time ctime;
-	struct cache_time mtime;
-	uint32_t dev;
-	uint32_t ino;
-	uint32_t mode;
-	uint32_t uid;
-	uint32_t gid;
-	uint32_t size;
-	/*
-	 * unsigned char hash[hashsz];
-	 * uint16_t flags;
-	 * if (flags & CE_EXTENDED)
-	 *	uint16_t flags2;
-	 */
-	unsigned char data[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ + 2 * sizeof(uint16_t)];
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
-};
-
-/* These are only used for v3 or lower */
-#define align_padding_size(size, len) ((size + (len) + 8) & ~7) - (size + len)
-#define align_flex_name(STRUCT,len) ((offsetof(struct STRUCT,data) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
-#define ondisk_cache_entry_size(len) align_flex_name(ondisk_cache_entry,len)
-#define ondisk_data_size(flags, len) (the_hash_algo->rawsz + \
-				     ((flags & CE_EXTENDED) ? 2 : 1) * sizeof(uint16_t) + len)
-#define ondisk_data_size_max(len) (ondisk_data_size(CE_EXTENDED, len))
-#define ondisk_ce_size(ce) (ondisk_cache_entry_size(ondisk_data_size((ce)->ce_flags, ce_namelen(ce))))
-
-/* Allow fsck to force verification of the index checksum. */
-int verify_index_checksum;
-
-/* Allow fsck to force verification of the cache entry order. */
-int verify_ce_order;
-
-static int verify_hdr(const struct cache_header *hdr, unsigned long size)
-{
-	git_hash_ctx c;
-	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
-	int hdr_version;
-
-	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE))
-		return error(_("bad signature 0x%08x"), hdr->hdr_signature);
-	hdr_version = ntohl(hdr->hdr_version);
-	if (hdr_version < INDEX_FORMAT_LB || INDEX_FORMAT_UB < hdr_version)
-		return error(_("bad index version %d"), hdr_version);
-
-	if (!verify_index_checksum)
-		return 0;
-
-	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
-	the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, hdr, size - the_hash_algo->rawsz);
-	the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, &c);
-	if (!hasheq(hash, (unsigned char *)hdr + size - the_hash_algo->rawsz))
-		return error(_("bad index file sha1 signature"));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int read_index_extension(struct index_state *istate,
-				const char *ext, const char *data, unsigned long sz)
-{
-	switch (CACHE_EXT(ext)) {
-	case CACHE_EXT_TREE:
-		istate->cache_tree = cache_tree_read(data, sz);
-		break;
-	case CACHE_EXT_RESOLVE_UNDO:
-		istate->resolve_undo = resolve_undo_read(data, sz);
-		break;
-	case CACHE_EXT_LINK:
-		if (read_link_extension(istate, data, sz))
-			return -1;
-		break;
-	case CACHE_EXT_UNTRACKED:
-		istate->untracked = read_untracked_extension(data, sz);
-		break;
-	case CACHE_EXT_FSMONITOR:
-		read_fsmonitor_extension(istate, data, sz);
-		break;
-	case CACHE_EXT_ENDOFINDEXENTRIES:
-	case CACHE_EXT_INDEXENTRYOFFSETTABLE:
-		/* already handled in do_read_index() */
-		break;
-	default:
-		if (*ext < 'A' || 'Z' < *ext)
-			return error(_("index uses %.4s extension, which we do not understand"),
-				     ext);
-		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("ignoring %.4s extension"), ext);
-		break;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static struct cache_entry *create_from_disk(struct mem_pool *ce_mem_pool,
-					    unsigned int version,
-					    struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
-					    unsigned long *ent_size,
-					    const struct cache_entry *previous_ce)
-{
-	struct cache_entry *ce;
-	size_t len;
-	const char *name;
-	const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
-	const uint16_t *flagsp = (const uint16_t *)(ondisk->data + hashsz);
-	unsigned int flags;
-	size_t copy_len = 0;
-	/*
-	 * Adjacent cache entries tend to share the leading paths, so it makes
-	 * sense to only store the differences in later entries.  In the v4
-	 * on-disk format of the index, each on-disk cache entry stores the
-	 * number of bytes to be stripped from the end of the previous name,
-	 * and the bytes to append to the result, to come up with its name.
-	 */
-	int expand_name_field = version == 4;
-
-	/* On-disk flags are just 16 bits */
-	flags = get_be16(flagsp);
-	len = flags & CE_NAMEMASK;
-
-	if (flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
-		int extended_flags;
-		extended_flags = get_be16(flagsp + 1) << 16;
-		/* We do not yet understand any bit out of CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS */
-		if (extended_flags & ~CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS)
-			die(_("unknown index entry format 0x%08x"), extended_flags);
-		flags |= extended_flags;
-		name = (const char *)(flagsp + 2);
-	}
-	else
-		name = (const char *)(flagsp + 1);
-
-	if (expand_name_field) {
-		const unsigned char *cp = (const unsigned char *)name;
-		size_t strip_len, previous_len;
-
-		/* If we're at the begining of a block, ignore the previous name */
-		strip_len = decode_varint(&cp);
-		if (previous_ce) {
-			previous_len = previous_ce->ce_namelen;
-			if (previous_len < strip_len)
-				die(_("malformed name field in the index, near path '%s'"),
-					previous_ce->name);
-			copy_len = previous_len - strip_len;
-		}
-		name = (const char *)cp;
-	}
-
-	if (len == CE_NAMEMASK) {
-		len = strlen(name);
-		if (expand_name_field)
-			len += copy_len;
-	}
-
-	ce = mem_pool__ce_alloc(ce_mem_pool, len);
-
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_ctime.sec = get_be32(&ondisk->ctime.sec);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.sec = get_be32(&ondisk->mtime.sec);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_ctime.nsec = get_be32(&ondisk->ctime.nsec);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.nsec = get_be32(&ondisk->mtime.nsec);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_dev   = get_be32(&ondisk->dev);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_ino   = get_be32(&ondisk->ino);
-	ce->ce_mode  = get_be32(&ondisk->mode);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_uid   = get_be32(&ondisk->uid);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_gid   = get_be32(&ondisk->gid);
-	ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size  = get_be32(&ondisk->size);
-	ce->ce_flags = flags & ~CE_NAMEMASK;
-	ce->ce_namelen = len;
-	ce->index = 0;
-	hashcpy(ce->oid.hash, ondisk->data);
-	memcpy(ce->name, name, len);
-	ce->name[len] = '\0';
-
-	if (expand_name_field) {
-		if (copy_len)
-			memcpy(ce->name, previous_ce->name, copy_len);
-		memcpy(ce->name + copy_len, name, len + 1 - copy_len);
-		*ent_size = (name - ((char *)ondisk)) + len + 1 - copy_len;
-	} else {
-		memcpy(ce->name, name, len + 1);
-		*ent_size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
-	}
-	return ce;
-}
-
-static void check_ce_order(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	unsigned int i;
-
-	if (!verify_ce_order)
-		return;
-
-	for (i = 1; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i - 1];
-		struct cache_entry *next_ce = istate->cache[i];
-		int name_compare = strcmp(ce->name, next_ce->name);
-
-		if (0 < name_compare)
-			die(_("unordered stage entries in index"));
-		if (!name_compare) {
-			if (!ce_stage(ce))
-				die(_("multiple stage entries for merged file '%s'"),
-				    ce->name);
-			if (ce_stage(ce) > ce_stage(next_ce))
-				die(_("unordered stage entries for '%s'"),
-				    ce->name);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void tweak_untracked_cache(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	switch (git_config_get_untracked_cache()) {
-	case -1: /* keep: do nothing */
-		break;
-	case 0: /* false */
-		remove_untracked_cache(istate);
-		break;
-	case 1: /* true */
-		add_untracked_cache(istate);
-		break;
-	default: /* unknown value: do nothing */
-		break;
-	}
-}
-
-static void tweak_split_index(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	switch (git_config_get_split_index()) {
-	case -1: /* unset: do nothing */
-		break;
-	case 0: /* false */
-		remove_split_index(istate);
-		break;
-	case 1: /* true */
-		add_split_index(istate);
-		break;
-	default: /* unknown value: do nothing */
-		break;
-	}
-}
-
-static void post_read_index_from(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	check_ce_order(istate);
-	tweak_untracked_cache(istate);
-	tweak_split_index(istate);
-	tweak_fsmonitor(istate);
-}
-
-static size_t estimate_cache_size_from_compressed(unsigned int entries)
-{
-	return entries * (sizeof(struct cache_entry) + CACHE_ENTRY_PATH_LENGTH);
-}
-
-static size_t estimate_cache_size(size_t ondisk_size, unsigned int entries)
-{
-	long per_entry = sizeof(struct cache_entry) - sizeof(struct ondisk_cache_entry);
-
-	/*
-	 * Account for potential alignment differences.
-	 */
-	per_entry += align_padding_size(sizeof(struct cache_entry), -sizeof(struct ondisk_cache_entry));
-	return ondisk_size + entries * per_entry;
-}
-
-struct index_entry_offset
-{
-	/* starting byte offset into index file, count of index entries in this block */
-	int offset, nr;
-};
-
-struct index_entry_offset_table
-{
-	int nr;
-	struct index_entry_offset entries[FLEX_ARRAY];
-};
-
-static struct index_entry_offset_table *read_ieot_extension(const char *mmap, size_t mmap_size, size_t offset);
-static void write_ieot_extension(struct strbuf *sb, struct index_entry_offset_table *ieot);
-
-static size_t read_eoie_extension(const char *mmap, size_t mmap_size);
-static void write_eoie_extension(struct strbuf *sb, git_hash_ctx *eoie_context, size_t offset);
-
-struct load_index_extensions
-{
-	pthread_t pthread;
-	struct index_state *istate;
-	const char *mmap;
-	size_t mmap_size;
-	unsigned long src_offset;
-};
-
-static void *load_index_extensions(void *_data)
-{
-	struct load_index_extensions *p = _data;
-	unsigned long src_offset = p->src_offset;
-
-	while (src_offset <= p->mmap_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz - 8) {
-		/* After an array of active_nr index entries,
-		 * there can be arbitrary number of extended
-		 * sections, each of which is prefixed with
-		 * extension name (4-byte) and section length
-		 * in 4-byte network byte order.
-		 */
-		uint32_t extsize = get_be32(p->mmap + src_offset + 4);
-		if (read_index_extension(p->istate,
-					 p->mmap + src_offset,
-					 p->mmap + src_offset + 8,
-					 extsize) < 0) {
-			munmap((void *)p->mmap, p->mmap_size);
-			die(_("index file corrupt"));
-		}
-		src_offset += 8;
-		src_offset += extsize;
-	}
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * A helper function that will load the specified range of cache entries
- * from the memory mapped file and add them to the given index.
- */
-static unsigned long load_cache_entry_block(struct index_state *istate,
-			struct mem_pool *ce_mem_pool, int offset, int nr, const char *mmap,
-			unsigned long start_offset, const struct cache_entry *previous_ce)
-{
-	int i;
-	unsigned long src_offset = start_offset;
-
-	for (i = offset; i < offset + nr; i++) {
-		struct ondisk_cache_entry *disk_ce;
-		struct cache_entry *ce;
-		unsigned long consumed;
-
-		disk_ce = (struct ondisk_cache_entry *)(mmap + src_offset);
-		ce = create_from_disk(ce_mem_pool, istate->version, disk_ce, &consumed, previous_ce);
-		set_index_entry(istate, i, ce);
-
-		src_offset += consumed;
-		previous_ce = ce;
-	}
-	return src_offset - start_offset;
-}
-
-static unsigned long load_all_cache_entries(struct index_state *istate,
-			const char *mmap, size_t mmap_size, unsigned long src_offset)
-{
-	unsigned long consumed;
-
-	if (istate->version == 4) {
-		mem_pool_init(&istate->ce_mem_pool,
-				estimate_cache_size_from_compressed(istate->cache_nr));
-	} else {
-		mem_pool_init(&istate->ce_mem_pool,
-				estimate_cache_size(mmap_size, istate->cache_nr));
-	}
-
-	consumed = load_cache_entry_block(istate, istate->ce_mem_pool,
-					0, istate->cache_nr, mmap, src_offset, NULL);
-	return consumed;
-}
-
-/*
- * Mostly randomly chosen maximum thread counts: we
- * cap the parallelism to online_cpus() threads, and we want
- * to have at least 10000 cache entries per thread for it to
- * be worth starting a thread.
- */
-
-#define THREAD_COST		(10000)
-
-struct load_cache_entries_thread_data
-{
-	pthread_t pthread;
-	struct index_state *istate;
-	struct mem_pool *ce_mem_pool;
-	int offset;
-	const char *mmap;
-	struct index_entry_offset_table *ieot;
-	int ieot_start;		/* starting index into the ieot array */
-	int ieot_blocks;	/* count of ieot entries to process */
-	unsigned long consumed;	/* return # of bytes in index file processed */
-};
-
-/*
- * A thread proc to run the load_cache_entries() computation
- * across multiple background threads.
- */
-static void *load_cache_entries_thread(void *_data)
-{
-	struct load_cache_entries_thread_data *p = _data;
-	int i;
-
-	/* iterate across all ieot blocks assigned to this thread */
-	for (i = p->ieot_start; i < p->ieot_start + p->ieot_blocks; i++) {
-		p->consumed += load_cache_entry_block(p->istate, p->ce_mem_pool,
-			p->offset, p->ieot->entries[i].nr, p->mmap, p->ieot->entries[i].offset, NULL);
-		p->offset += p->ieot->entries[i].nr;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static unsigned long load_cache_entries_threaded(struct index_state *istate, const char *mmap, size_t mmap_size,
-						 int nr_threads, struct index_entry_offset_table *ieot)
-{
-	int i, offset, ieot_blocks, ieot_start, err;
-	struct load_cache_entries_thread_data *data;
-	unsigned long consumed = 0;
-
-	/* a little sanity checking */
-	if (istate->name_hash_initialized)
-		BUG("the name hash isn't thread safe");
-
-	mem_pool_init(&istate->ce_mem_pool, 0);
-
-	/* ensure we have no more threads than we have blocks to process */
-	if (nr_threads > ieot->nr)
-		nr_threads = ieot->nr;
-	data = xcalloc(nr_threads, sizeof(*data));
-
-	offset = ieot_start = 0;
-	ieot_blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(ieot->nr, nr_threads);
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_threads; i++) {
-		struct load_cache_entries_thread_data *p = &data[i];
-		int nr, j;
-
-		if (ieot_start + ieot_blocks > ieot->nr)
-			ieot_blocks = ieot->nr - ieot_start;
-
-		p->istate = istate;
-		p->offset = offset;
-		p->mmap = mmap;
-		p->ieot = ieot;
-		p->ieot_start = ieot_start;
-		p->ieot_blocks = ieot_blocks;
-
-		/* create a mem_pool for each thread */
-		nr = 0;
-		for (j = p->ieot_start; j < p->ieot_start + p->ieot_blocks; j++)
-			nr += p->ieot->entries[j].nr;
-		if (istate->version == 4) {
-			mem_pool_init(&p->ce_mem_pool,
-				estimate_cache_size_from_compressed(nr));
-		} else {
-			mem_pool_init(&p->ce_mem_pool,
-				estimate_cache_size(mmap_size, nr));
-		}
-
-		err = pthread_create(&p->pthread, NULL, load_cache_entries_thread, p);
-		if (err)
-			die(_("unable to create load_cache_entries thread: %s"), strerror(err));
-
-		/* increment by the number of cache entries in the ieot block being processed */
-		for (j = 0; j < ieot_blocks; j++)
-			offset += ieot->entries[ieot_start + j].nr;
-		ieot_start += ieot_blocks;
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_threads; i++) {
-		struct load_cache_entries_thread_data *p = &data[i];
-
-		err = pthread_join(p->pthread, NULL);
-		if (err)
-			die(_("unable to join load_cache_entries thread: %s"), strerror(err));
-		mem_pool_combine(istate->ce_mem_pool, p->ce_mem_pool);
-		consumed += p->consumed;
-	}
-
-	free(data);
-
-	return consumed;
-}
-
-/* remember to discard_cache() before reading a different cache! */
-int do_read_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int must_exist)
-{
-	int fd;
-	struct stat st;
-	unsigned long src_offset;
-	const struct cache_header *hdr;
-	const char *mmap;
-	size_t mmap_size;
-	struct load_index_extensions p;
-	size_t extension_offset = 0;
-	int nr_threads, cpus;
-	struct index_entry_offset_table *ieot = NULL;
-
-	if (istate->initialized)
-		return istate->cache_nr;
-
-	istate->timestamp.sec = 0;
-	istate->timestamp.nsec = 0;
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		if (!must_exist && errno == ENOENT)
-			return 0;
-		die_errno(_("%s: index file open failed"), path);
-	}
-
-	if (fstat(fd, &st))
-		die_errno(_("%s: cannot stat the open index"), path);
-
-	mmap_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	if (mmap_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + the_hash_algo->rawsz)
-		die(_("%s: index file smaller than expected"), path);
-
-	mmap = xmmap_gently(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	if (mmap == MAP_FAILED)
-		die_errno(_("%s: unable to map index file"), path);
-	close(fd);
-
-	hdr = (const struct cache_header *)mmap;
-	if (verify_hdr(hdr, mmap_size) < 0)
-		goto unmap;
-
-	hashcpy(istate->oid.hash, (const unsigned char *)hdr + mmap_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz);
-	istate->version = ntohl(hdr->hdr_version);
-	istate->cache_nr = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
-	istate->cache_alloc = alloc_nr(istate->cache_nr);
-	istate->cache = xcalloc(istate->cache_alloc, sizeof(*istate->cache));
-	istate->initialized = 1;
-
-	p.istate = istate;
-	p.mmap = mmap;
-	p.mmap_size = mmap_size;
-
-	src_offset = sizeof(*hdr);
-
-	if (git_config_get_index_threads(&nr_threads))
-		nr_threads = 1;
-
-	/* TODO: does creating more threads than cores help? */
-	if (!nr_threads) {
-		nr_threads = istate->cache_nr / THREAD_COST;
-		cpus = online_cpus();
-		if (nr_threads > cpus)
-			nr_threads = cpus;
-	}
-
-	if (!HAVE_THREADS)
-		nr_threads = 1;
-
-	if (nr_threads > 1) {
-		extension_offset = read_eoie_extension(mmap, mmap_size);
-		if (extension_offset) {
-			int err;
-
-			p.src_offset = extension_offset;
-			err = pthread_create(&p.pthread, NULL, load_index_extensions, &p);
-			if (err)
-				die(_("unable to create load_index_extensions thread: %s"), strerror(err));
-
-			nr_threads--;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Locate and read the index entry offset table so that we can use it
-	 * to multi-thread the reading of the cache entries.
-	 */
-	if (extension_offset && nr_threads > 1)
-		ieot = read_ieot_extension(mmap, mmap_size, extension_offset);
-
-	if (ieot) {
-		src_offset += load_cache_entries_threaded(istate, mmap, mmap_size, nr_threads, ieot);
-		free(ieot);
-	} else {
-		src_offset += load_all_cache_entries(istate, mmap, mmap_size, src_offset);
-	}
-
-	istate->timestamp.sec = st.st_mtime;
-	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
-
-	/* if we created a thread, join it otherwise load the extensions on the primary thread */
-	if (extension_offset) {
-		int ret = pthread_join(p.pthread, NULL);
-		if (ret)
-			die(_("unable to join load_index_extensions thread: %s"), strerror(ret));
-	} else {
-		p.src_offset = src_offset;
-		load_index_extensions(&p);
-	}
-	munmap((void *)mmap, mmap_size);
-
-	/*
-	 * TODO trace2: replace "the_repository" with the actual repo instance
-	 * that is associated with the given "istate".
-	 */
-	trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "read/version",
-			   istate->version);
-	trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "read/cache_nr",
-			   istate->cache_nr);
-
-	return istate->cache_nr;
-
-unmap:
-	munmap((void *)mmap, mmap_size);
-	die(_("index file corrupt"));
-}
-
-/*
- * Signal that the shared index is used by updating its mtime.
- *
- * This way, shared index can be removed if they have not been used
- * for some time.
- */
-static void freshen_shared_index(const char *shared_index, int warn)
-{
-	if (!check_and_freshen_file(shared_index, 1) && warn)
-		warning(_("could not freshen shared index '%s'"), shared_index);
-}
-
-int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path,
-		    const char *gitdir)
-{
-	struct split_index *split_index;
-	int ret;
-	char *base_oid_hex;
-	char *base_path;
-
-	/* istate->initialized covers both .git/index and .git/sharedindex.xxx */
-	if (istate->initialized)
-		return istate->cache_nr;
-
-	/*
-	 * TODO trace2: replace "the_repository" with the actual repo instance
-	 * that is associated with the given "istate".
-	 */
-	trace2_region_enter_printf("index", "do_read_index", the_repository,
-				   "%s", path);
-	trace_performance_enter();
-	ret = do_read_index(istate, path, 0);
-	trace_performance_leave("read cache %s", path);
-	trace2_region_leave_printf("index", "do_read_index", the_repository,
-				   "%s", path);
-
-	split_index = istate->split_index;
-	if (!split_index || is_null_oid(&split_index->base_oid)) {
-		post_read_index_from(istate);
-		return ret;
-	}
-
-	trace_performance_enter();
-	if (split_index->base)
-		discard_index(split_index->base);
-	else
-		split_index->base = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*split_index->base));
-
-	base_oid_hex = oid_to_hex(&split_index->base_oid);
-	base_path = xstrfmt("%s/sharedindex.%s", gitdir, base_oid_hex);
-	trace2_region_enter_printf("index", "shared/do_read_index",
-				   the_repository, "%s", base_path);
-	ret = do_read_index(split_index->base, base_path, 1);
-	trace2_region_leave_printf("index", "shared/do_read_index",
-				   the_repository, "%s", base_path);
-	if (!oideq(&split_index->base_oid, &split_index->base->oid))
-		die(_("broken index, expect %s in %s, got %s"),
-		    base_oid_hex, base_path,
-		    oid_to_hex(&split_index->base->oid));
-
-	freshen_shared_index(base_path, 0);
-	merge_base_index(istate);
-	post_read_index_from(istate);
-	trace_performance_leave("read cache %s", base_path);
-	free(base_path);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	return (!istate->cache_nr && !istate->timestamp.sec);
-}
-
-int discard_index(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Cache entries in istate->cache[] should have been allocated
-	 * from the memory pool associated with this index, or from an
-	 * associated split_index. There is no need to free individual
-	 * cache entries. validate_cache_entries can detect when this
-	 * assertion does not hold.
-	 */
-	validate_cache_entries(istate);
-
-	resolve_undo_clear_index(istate);
-	istate->cache_nr = 0;
-	istate->cache_changed = 0;
-	istate->timestamp.sec = 0;
-	istate->timestamp.nsec = 0;
-	free_name_hash(istate);
-	cache_tree_free(&(istate->cache_tree));
-	istate->initialized = 0;
-	istate->fsmonitor_has_run_once = 0;
-	FREE_AND_NULL(istate->cache);
-	istate->cache_alloc = 0;
-	discard_split_index(istate);
-	free_untracked_cache(istate->untracked);
-	istate->untracked = NULL;
-
-	if (istate->ce_mem_pool) {
-		mem_pool_discard(istate->ce_mem_pool, should_validate_cache_entries());
-		istate->ce_mem_pool = NULL;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Validate the cache entries of this index.
- * All cache entries associated with this index
- * should have been allocated by the memory pool
- * associated with this index, or by a referenced
- * split index.
- */
-void validate_cache_entries(const struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	if (!should_validate_cache_entries() ||!istate || !istate->initialized)
-		return;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		if (!istate) {
-			BUG("cache entry is not allocated from expected memory pool");
-		} else if (!istate->ce_mem_pool ||
-			!mem_pool_contains(istate->ce_mem_pool, istate->cache[i])) {
-			if (!istate->split_index ||
-				!istate->split_index->base ||
-				!istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool ||
-				!mem_pool_contains(istate->split_index->base->ce_mem_pool, istate->cache[i])) {
-				BUG("cache entry is not allocated from expected memory pool");
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (istate->split_index)
-		validate_cache_entries(istate->split_index->base);
-}
-
-int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]))
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int repo_index_has_changes(struct repository *repo,
-			   struct tree *tree,
-			   struct strbuf *sb)
-{
-	struct index_state *istate = repo->index;
-	struct object_id cmp;
-	int i;
-
-	if (tree)
-		cmp = tree->object.oid;
-	if (tree || !get_oid_tree("HEAD", &cmp)) {
-		struct diff_options opt;
-
-		repo_diff_setup(repo, &opt);
-		opt.flags.exit_with_status = 1;
-		if (!sb)
-			opt.flags.quick = 1;
-		do_diff_cache(&cmp, &opt);
-		diffcore_std(&opt);
-		for (i = 0; sb && i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
-			if (i)
-				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, diff_queued_diff.queue[i]->two->path);
-		}
-		diff_flush(&opt);
-		return opt.flags.has_changes != 0;
-	} else {
-		for (i = 0; sb && i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-			if (i)
-				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, istate->cache[i]->name);
-		}
-		return !!istate->cache_nr;
-	}
-}
-
-#define WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE 8192
-static unsigned char write_buffer[WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE];
-static unsigned long write_buffer_len;
-
-static int ce_write_flush(git_hash_ctx *context, int fd)
-{
-	unsigned int buffered = write_buffer_len;
-	if (buffered) {
-		the_hash_algo->update_fn(context, write_buffer, buffered);
-		if (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, buffered) < 0)
-			return -1;
-		write_buffer_len = 0;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int ce_write(git_hash_ctx *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
-{
-	while (len) {
-		unsigned int buffered = write_buffer_len;
-		unsigned int partial = WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE - buffered;
-		if (partial > len)
-			partial = len;
-		memcpy(write_buffer + buffered, data, partial);
-		buffered += partial;
-		if (buffered == WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-			write_buffer_len = buffered;
-			if (ce_write_flush(context, fd))
-				return -1;
-			buffered = 0;
-		}
-		write_buffer_len = buffered;
-		len -= partial;
-		data = (char *) data + partial;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int write_index_ext_header(git_hash_ctx *context, git_hash_ctx *eoie_context,
-				  int fd, unsigned int ext, unsigned int sz)
-{
-	ext = htonl(ext);
-	sz = htonl(sz);
-	if (eoie_context) {
-		the_hash_algo->update_fn(eoie_context, &ext, 4);
-		the_hash_algo->update_fn(eoie_context, &sz, 4);
-	}
-	return ((ce_write(context, fd, &ext, 4) < 0) ||
-		(ce_write(context, fd, &sz, 4) < 0)) ? -1 : 0;
-}
-
-static int ce_flush(git_hash_ctx *context, int fd, unsigned char *hash)
-{
-	unsigned int left = write_buffer_len;
-
-	if (left) {
-		write_buffer_len = 0;
-		the_hash_algo->update_fn(context, write_buffer, left);
-	}
-
-	/* Flush first if not enough space for hash signature */
-	if (left + the_hash_algo->rawsz > WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
-		if (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, left) < 0)
-			return -1;
-		left = 0;
-	}
-
-	/* Append the hash signature at the end */
-	the_hash_algo->final_fn(write_buffer + left, context);
-	hashcpy(hash, write_buffer + left);
-	left += the_hash_algo->rawsz;
-	return (write_in_full(fd, write_buffer, left) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
-}
-
-static void ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(struct index_state *istate,
-					 struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	/*
-	 * The only thing we care about in this function is to smudge the
-	 * falsely clean entry due to touch-update-touch race, so we leave
-	 * everything else as they are.  We are called for entries whose
-	 * ce_stat_data.sd_mtime match the index file mtime.
-	 *
-	 * Note that this actually does not do much for gitlinks, for
-	 * which ce_match_stat_basic() always goes to the actual
-	 * contents.  The caller checks with is_racy_timestamp() which
-	 * always says "no" for gitlinks, so we are not called for them ;-)
-	 */
-	struct stat st;
-
-	if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0)
-		return;
-	if (ce_match_stat_basic(ce, &st))
-		return;
-	if (ce_modified_check_fs(istate, ce, &st)) {
-		/* This is "racily clean"; smudge it.  Note that this
-		 * is a tricky code.  At first glance, it may appear
-		 * that it can break with this sequence:
-		 *
-		 * $ echo xyzzy >frotz
-		 * $ git-update-index --add frotz
-		 * $ : >frotz
-		 * $ sleep 3
-		 * $ echo filfre >nitfol
-		 * $ git-update-index --add nitfol
-		 *
-		 * but it does not.  When the second update-index runs,
-		 * it notices that the entry "frotz" has the same timestamp
-		 * as index, and if we were to smudge it by resetting its
-		 * size to zero here, then the object name recorded
-		 * in index is the 6-byte file but the cached stat information
-		 * becomes zero --- which would then match what we would
-		 * obtain from the filesystem next time we stat("frotz").
-		 *
-		 * However, the second update-index, before calling
-		 * this function, notices that the cached size is 6
-		 * bytes and what is on the filesystem is an empty
-		 * file, and never calls us, so the cached size information
-		 * for "frotz" stays 6 which does not match the filesystem.
-		 */
-		ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size = 0;
-	}
-}
-
-/* Copy miscellaneous fields but not the name */
-static void copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
-				       struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	short flags;
-	const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
-	uint16_t *flagsp = (uint16_t *)(ondisk->data + hashsz);
-
-	ondisk->ctime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_ctime.sec);
-	ondisk->mtime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.sec);
-	ondisk->ctime.nsec = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_ctime.nsec);
-	ondisk->mtime.nsec = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_mtime.nsec);
-	ondisk->dev  = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_dev);
-	ondisk->ino  = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_ino);
-	ondisk->mode = htonl(ce->ce_mode);
-	ondisk->uid  = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_uid);
-	ondisk->gid  = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_gid);
-	ondisk->size = htonl(ce->ce_stat_data.sd_size);
-	hashcpy(ondisk->data, ce->oid.hash);
-
-	flags = ce->ce_flags & ~CE_NAMEMASK;
-	flags |= (ce_namelen(ce) >= CE_NAMEMASK ? CE_NAMEMASK : ce_namelen(ce));
-	flagsp[0] = htons(flags);
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
-		flagsp[1] = htons((ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) >> 16);
-	}
-}
-
-static int ce_write_entry(git_hash_ctx *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce,
-			  struct strbuf *previous_name, struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk)
-{
-	int size;
-	int result;
-	unsigned int saved_namelen;
-	int stripped_name = 0;
-	static unsigned char padding[8] = { 0x00 };
-
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_STRIP_NAME) {
-		saved_namelen = ce_namelen(ce);
-		ce->ce_namelen = 0;
-		stripped_name = 1;
-	}
-
-	size = offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry,data) + ondisk_data_size(ce->ce_flags, 0);
-
-	if (!previous_name) {
-		int len = ce_namelen(ce);
-		copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
-		result = ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
-		if (!result)
-			result = ce_write(c, fd, ce->name, len);
-		if (!result)
-			result = ce_write(c, fd, padding, align_padding_size(size, len));
-	} else {
-		int common, to_remove, prefix_size;
-		unsigned char to_remove_vi[16];
-		for (common = 0;
-		     (ce->name[common] &&
-		      common < previous_name->len &&
-		      ce->name[common] == previous_name->buf[common]);
-		     common++)
-			; /* still matching */
-		to_remove = previous_name->len - common;
-		prefix_size = encode_varint(to_remove, to_remove_vi);
-
-		copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
-		result = ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
-		if (!result)
-			result = ce_write(c, fd, to_remove_vi, prefix_size);
-		if (!result)
-			result = ce_write(c, fd, ce->name + common, ce_namelen(ce) - common);
-		if (!result)
-			result = ce_write(c, fd, padding, 1);
-
-		strbuf_splice(previous_name, common, to_remove,
-			      ce->name + common, ce_namelen(ce) - common);
-	}
-	if (stripped_name) {
-		ce->ce_namelen = saved_namelen;
-		ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_STRIP_NAME;
-	}
-
-	return result;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function verifies if index_state has the correct sha1 of the
- * index file.  Don't die if we have any other failure, just return 0.
- */
-static int verify_index_from(const struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
-{
-	int fd;
-	ssize_t n;
-	struct stat st;
-	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
-
-	if (!istate->initialized)
-		return 0;
-
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (fstat(fd, &st))
-		goto out;
-
-	if (st.st_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + the_hash_algo->rawsz)
-		goto out;
-
-	n = pread_in_full(fd, hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz, st.st_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz);
-	if (n != the_hash_algo->rawsz)
-		goto out;
-
-	if (!hasheq(istate->oid.hash, hash))
-		goto out;
-
-	close(fd);
-	return 1;
-
-out:
-	close(fd);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int repo_verify_index(struct repository *repo)
-{
-	return verify_index_from(repo->index, repo->index_file);
-}
-
-static int has_racy_timestamp(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	int entries = istate->cache_nr;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
-		if (is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce))
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void repo_update_index_if_able(struct repository *repo,
-			       struct lock_file *lockfile)
-{
-	if ((repo->index->cache_changed ||
-	     has_racy_timestamp(repo->index)) &&
-	    repo_verify_index(repo))
-		write_locked_index(repo->index, lockfile, COMMIT_LOCK);
-	else
-		rollback_lock_file(lockfile);
-}
-
-static int record_eoie(void)
-{
-	int val;
-
-	if (!git_config_get_bool("index.recordendofindexentries", &val))
-		return val;
-
-	/*
-	 * As a convenience, the end of index entries extension
-	 * used for threading is written by default if the user
-	 * explicitly requested threaded index reads.
-	 */
-	return !git_config_get_index_threads(&val) && val != 1;
-}
-
-static int record_ieot(void)
-{
-	int val;
-
-	if (!git_config_get_bool("index.recordoffsettable", &val))
-		return val;
-
-	/*
-	 * As a convenience, the offset table used for threading is
-	 * written by default if the user explicitly requested
-	 * threaded index reads.
-	 */
-	return !git_config_get_index_threads(&val) && val != 1;
-}
-
-/*
- * On success, `tempfile` is closed. If it is the temporary file
- * of a `struct lock_file`, we will therefore effectively perform
- * a 'close_lock_file_gently()`. Since that is an implementation
- * detail of lockfiles, callers of `do_write_index()` should not
- * rely on it.
- */
-static int do_write_index(struct index_state *istate, struct tempfile *tempfile,
-			  int strip_extensions)
-{
-	uint64_t start = getnanotime();
-	int newfd = tempfile->fd;
-	git_hash_ctx c, eoie_c;
-	struct cache_header hdr;
-	int i, err = 0, removed, extended, hdr_version;
-	struct cache_entry **cache = istate->cache;
-	int entries = istate->cache_nr;
-	struct stat st;
-	struct ondisk_cache_entry ondisk;
-	struct strbuf previous_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT, *previous_name;
-	int drop_cache_tree = istate->drop_cache_tree;
-	off_t offset;
-	int ieot_entries = 1;
-	struct index_entry_offset_table *ieot = NULL;
-	int nr, nr_threads;
-
-	for (i = removed = extended = 0; i < entries; i++) {
-		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
-			removed++;
-
-		/* reduce extended entries if possible */
-		cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_EXTENDED;
-		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) {
-			extended++;
-			cache[i]->ce_flags |= CE_EXTENDED;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!istate->version) {
-		istate->version = get_index_format_default();
-		if (git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX", 0))
-			init_split_index(istate);
-	}
-
-	/* demote version 3 to version 2 when the latter suffices */
-	if (istate->version == 3 || istate->version == 2)
-		istate->version = extended ? 3 : 2;
-
-	hdr_version = istate->version;
-
-	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE);
-	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(hdr_version);
-	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(entries - removed);
-
-	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
-	if (ce_write(&c, newfd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (!HAVE_THREADS || git_config_get_index_threads(&nr_threads))
-		nr_threads = 1;
-
-	if (nr_threads != 1 && record_ieot()) {
-		int ieot_blocks, cpus;
-
-		/*
-		 * ensure default number of ieot blocks maps evenly to the
-		 * default number of threads that will process them leaving
-		 * room for the thread to load the index extensions.
-		 */
-		if (!nr_threads) {
-			ieot_blocks = istate->cache_nr / THREAD_COST;
-			cpus = online_cpus();
-			if (ieot_blocks > cpus - 1)
-				ieot_blocks = cpus - 1;
-		} else {
-			ieot_blocks = nr_threads;
-			if (ieot_blocks > istate->cache_nr)
-				ieot_blocks = istate->cache_nr;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * no reason to write out the IEOT extension if we don't
-		 * have enough blocks to utilize multi-threading
-		 */
-		if (ieot_blocks > 1) {
-			ieot = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct index_entry_offset_table)
-				+ (ieot_blocks * sizeof(struct index_entry_offset)));
-			ieot_entries = DIV_ROUND_UP(entries, ieot_blocks);
-		}
-	}
-
-	offset = lseek(newfd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-	if (offset < 0) {
-		free(ieot);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	offset += write_buffer_len;
-	nr = 0;
-	previous_name = (hdr_version == 4) ? &previous_name_buf : NULL;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
-		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
-			continue;
-		if (!ce_uptodate(ce) && is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce))
-			ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(istate, ce);
-		if (is_null_oid(&ce->oid)) {
-			static const char msg[] = "cache entry has null sha1: %s";
-			static int allow = -1;
-
-			if (allow < 0)
-				allow = git_env_bool("GIT_ALLOW_NULL_SHA1", 0);
-			if (allow)
-				warning(msg, ce->name);
-			else
-				err = error(msg, ce->name);
-
-			drop_cache_tree = 1;
-		}
-		if (ieot && i && (i % ieot_entries == 0)) {
-			ieot->entries[ieot->nr].nr = nr;
-			ieot->entries[ieot->nr].offset = offset;
-			ieot->nr++;
-			/*
-			 * If we have a V4 index, set the first byte to an invalid
-			 * character to ensure there is nothing common with the previous
-			 * entry
-			 */
-			if (previous_name)
-				previous_name->buf[0] = 0;
-			nr = 0;
-			offset = lseek(newfd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-			if (offset < 0) {
-				free(ieot);
-				return -1;
-			}
-			offset += write_buffer_len;
-		}
-		if (ce_write_entry(&c, newfd, ce, previous_name, (struct ondisk_cache_entry *)&ondisk) < 0)
-			err = -1;
-
-		if (err)
-			break;
-		nr++;
-	}
-	if (ieot && nr) {
-		ieot->entries[ieot->nr].nr = nr;
-		ieot->entries[ieot->nr].offset = offset;
-		ieot->nr++;
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&previous_name_buf);
-
-	if (err) {
-		free(ieot);
-		return err;
-	}
-
-	/* Write extension data here */
-	offset = lseek(newfd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
-	if (offset < 0) {
-		free(ieot);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	offset += write_buffer_len;
-	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&eoie_c);
-
-	/*
-	 * Lets write out CACHE_EXT_INDEXENTRYOFFSETTABLE first so that we
-	 * can minimize the number of extensions we have to scan through to
-	 * find it during load.  Write it out regardless of the
-	 * strip_extensions parameter as we need it when loading the shared
-	 * index.
-	 */
-	if (ieot) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		write_ieot_extension(&sb, ieot);
-		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, &eoie_c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_INDEXENTRYOFFSETTABLE, sb.len) < 0
-			|| ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		free(ieot);
-		if (err)
-			return -1;
-	}
-
-	if (!strip_extensions && istate->split_index &&
-	    !is_null_oid(&istate->split_index->base_oid)) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		err = write_link_extension(&sb, istate) < 0 ||
-			write_index_ext_header(&c, &eoie_c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_LINK,
-					       sb.len) < 0 ||
-			ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		if (err)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	if (!strip_extensions && !drop_cache_tree && istate->cache_tree) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		cache_tree_write(&sb, istate->cache_tree);
-		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, &eoie_c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_TREE, sb.len) < 0
-			|| ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		if (err)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	if (!strip_extensions && istate->resolve_undo) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		resolve_undo_write(&sb, istate->resolve_undo);
-		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, &eoie_c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_RESOLVE_UNDO,
-					     sb.len) < 0
-			|| ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		if (err)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	if (!strip_extensions && istate->untracked) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		write_untracked_extension(&sb, istate->untracked);
-		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, &eoie_c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_UNTRACKED,
-					     sb.len) < 0 ||
-			ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		if (err)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	if (!strip_extensions && istate->fsmonitor_last_update) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		write_fsmonitor_extension(&sb, istate);
-		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, &eoie_c, newfd, CACHE_EXT_FSMONITOR, sb.len) < 0
-			|| ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		if (err)
-			return -1;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * CACHE_EXT_ENDOFINDEXENTRIES must be written as the last entry before the SHA1
-	 * so that it can be found and processed before all the index entries are
-	 * read.  Write it out regardless of the strip_extensions parameter as we need it
-	 * when loading the shared index.
-	 */
-	if (offset && record_eoie()) {
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		write_eoie_extension(&sb, &eoie_c, offset);
-		err = write_index_ext_header(&c, NULL, newfd, CACHE_EXT_ENDOFINDEXENTRIES, sb.len) < 0
-			|| ce_write(&c, newfd, sb.buf, sb.len) < 0;
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-		if (err)
-			return -1;
-	}
-
-	if (ce_flush(&c, newfd, istate->oid.hash))
-		return -1;
-	if (close_tempfile_gently(tempfile)) {
-		error(_("could not close '%s'"), tempfile->filename.buf);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (stat(tempfile->filename.buf, &st))
-		return -1;
-	istate->timestamp.sec = (unsigned int)st.st_mtime;
-	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
-	trace_performance_since(start, "write index, changed mask = %x", istate->cache_changed);
-
-	/*
-	 * TODO trace2: replace "the_repository" with the actual repo instance
-	 * that is associated with the given "istate".
-	 */
-	trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "write/version",
-			   istate->version);
-	trace2_data_intmax("index", the_repository, "write/cache_nr",
-			   istate->cache_nr);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void set_alternate_index_output(const char *name)
-{
-	alternate_index_output = name;
-}
-
-static int commit_locked_index(struct lock_file *lk)
-{
-	if (alternate_index_output)
-		return commit_lock_file_to(lk, alternate_index_output);
-	else
-		return commit_lock_file(lk);
-}
-
-static int do_write_locked_index(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *lock,
-				 unsigned flags)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	/*
-	 * TODO trace2: replace "the_repository" with the actual repo instance
-	 * that is associated with the given "istate".
-	 */
-	trace2_region_enter_printf("index", "do_write_index", the_repository,
-				   "%s", lock->tempfile->filename.buf);
-	ret = do_write_index(istate, lock->tempfile, 0);
-	trace2_region_leave_printf("index", "do_write_index", the_repository,
-				   "%s", lock->tempfile->filename.buf);
-
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-	if (flags & COMMIT_LOCK)
-		ret = commit_locked_index(lock);
-	else
-		ret = close_lock_file_gently(lock);
-
-	run_hook_le(NULL, "post-index-change",
-			istate->updated_workdir ? "1" : "0",
-			istate->updated_skipworktree ? "1" : "0", NULL);
-	istate->updated_workdir = 0;
-	istate->updated_skipworktree = 0;
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int write_split_index(struct index_state *istate,
-			     struct lock_file *lock,
-			     unsigned flags)
-{
-	int ret;
-	prepare_to_write_split_index(istate);
-	ret = do_write_locked_index(istate, lock, flags);
-	finish_writing_split_index(istate);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static const char *shared_index_expire = "2.weeks.ago";
-
-static unsigned long get_shared_index_expire_date(void)
-{
-	static unsigned long shared_index_expire_date;
-	static int shared_index_expire_date_prepared;
-
-	if (!shared_index_expire_date_prepared) {
-		git_config_get_expiry("splitindex.sharedindexexpire",
-				      &shared_index_expire);
-		shared_index_expire_date = approxidate(shared_index_expire);
-		shared_index_expire_date_prepared = 1;
-	}
-
-	return shared_index_expire_date;
-}
-
-static int should_delete_shared_index(const char *shared_index_path)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	unsigned long expiration;
-
-	/* Check timestamp */
-	expiration = get_shared_index_expire_date();
-	if (!expiration)
-		return 0;
-	if (stat(shared_index_path, &st))
-		return error_errno(_("could not stat '%s'"), shared_index_path);
-	if (st.st_mtime > expiration)
-		return 0;
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int clean_shared_index_files(const char *current_hex)
-{
-	struct dirent *de;
-	DIR *dir = opendir(get_git_dir());
-
-	if (!dir)
-		return error_errno(_("unable to open git dir: %s"), get_git_dir());
-
-	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		const char *sha1_hex;
-		const char *shared_index_path;
-		if (!skip_prefix(de->d_name, "sharedindex.", &sha1_hex))
-			continue;
-		if (!strcmp(sha1_hex, current_hex))
-			continue;
-		shared_index_path = git_path("%s", de->d_name);
-		if (should_delete_shared_index(shared_index_path) > 0 &&
-		    unlink(shared_index_path))
-			warning_errno(_("unable to unlink: %s"), shared_index_path);
-	}
-	closedir(dir);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int write_shared_index(struct index_state *istate,
-			      struct tempfile **temp)
-{
-	struct split_index *si = istate->split_index;
-	int ret;
-
-	move_cache_to_base_index(istate);
-
-	trace2_region_enter_printf("index", "shared/do_write_index",
-				   the_repository, "%s", (*temp)->filename.buf);
-	ret = do_write_index(si->base, *temp, 1);
-	trace2_region_leave_printf("index", "shared/do_write_index",
-				   the_repository, "%s", (*temp)->filename.buf);
-
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-	ret = adjust_shared_perm(get_tempfile_path(*temp));
-	if (ret) {
-		error(_("cannot fix permission bits on '%s'"), get_tempfile_path(*temp));
-		return ret;
-	}
-	ret = rename_tempfile(temp,
-			      git_path("sharedindex.%s", oid_to_hex(&si->base->oid)));
-	if (!ret) {
-		oidcpy(&si->base_oid, &si->base->oid);
-		clean_shared_index_files(oid_to_hex(&si->base->oid));
-	}
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static const int default_max_percent_split_change = 20;
-
-static int too_many_not_shared_entries(struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	int i, not_shared = 0;
-	int max_split = git_config_get_max_percent_split_change();
-
-	switch (max_split) {
-	case -1:
-		/* not or badly configured: use the default value */
-		max_split = default_max_percent_split_change;
-		break;
-	case 0:
-		return 1; /* 0% means always write a new shared index */
-	case 100:
-		return 0; /* 100% means never write a new shared index */
-	default:
-		break; /* just use the configured value */
-	}
-
-	/* Count not shared entries */
-	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
-		if (!ce->index)
-			not_shared++;
-	}
-
-	return (int64_t)istate->cache_nr * max_split < (int64_t)not_shared * 100;
-}
-
-int write_locked_index(struct index_state *istate, struct lock_file *lock,
-		       unsigned flags)
-{
-	int new_shared_index, ret;
-	struct split_index *si = istate->split_index;
-
-	if (git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_CHECK_CACHE_TREE", 0))
-		cache_tree_verify(the_repository, istate);
-
-	if ((flags & SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED) && !istate->cache_changed) {
-		if (flags & COMMIT_LOCK)
-			rollback_lock_file(lock);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (istate->fsmonitor_last_update)
-		fill_fsmonitor_bitmap(istate);
-
-	if (!si || alternate_index_output ||
-	    (istate->cache_changed & ~EXTMASK)) {
-		if (si)
-			oidclr(&si->base_oid);
-		ret = do_write_locked_index(istate, lock, flags);
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	if (git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_SPLIT_INDEX", 0)) {
-		int v = si->base_oid.hash[0];
-		if ((v & 15) < 6)
-			istate->cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
-	}
-	if (too_many_not_shared_entries(istate))
-		istate->cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
-
-	new_shared_index = istate->cache_changed & SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
-
-	if (new_shared_index) {
-		struct tempfile *temp;
-		int saved_errno;
-
-		/* Same initial permissions as the main .git/index file */
-		temp = mks_tempfile_sm(git_path("sharedindex_XXXXXX"), 0, 0666);
-		if (!temp) {
-			oidclr(&si->base_oid);
-			ret = do_write_locked_index(istate, lock, flags);
-			goto out;
-		}
-		ret = write_shared_index(istate, &temp);
-
-		saved_errno = errno;
-		if (is_tempfile_active(temp))
-			delete_tempfile(&temp);
-		errno = saved_errno;
-
-		if (ret)
-			goto out;
-	}
-
-	ret = write_split_index(istate, lock, flags);
-
-	/* Freshen the shared index only if the split-index was written */
-	if (!ret && !new_shared_index && !is_null_oid(&si->base_oid)) {
-		const char *shared_index = git_path("sharedindex.%s",
-						    oid_to_hex(&si->base_oid));
-		freshen_shared_index(shared_index, 1);
-	}
-
-out:
-	if (flags & COMMIT_LOCK)
-		rollback_lock_file(lock);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Read the index file that is potentially unmerged into given
- * index_state, dropping any unmerged entries to stage #0 (potentially
- * resulting in a path appearing as both a file and a directory in the
- * index; the caller is responsible to clear out the extra entries
- * before writing the index to a tree).  Returns true if the index is
- * unmerged.  Callers who want to refuse to work from an unmerged
- * state can call this and check its return value, instead of calling
- * read_cache().
- */
-int repo_read_index_unmerged(struct repository *repo)
-{
-	struct index_state *istate;
-	int i;
-	int unmerged = 0;
-
-	repo_read_index(repo);
-	istate = repo->index;
-	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
-		struct cache_entry *new_ce;
-		int len;
-
-		if (!ce_stage(ce))
-			continue;
-		unmerged = 1;
-		len = ce_namelen(ce);
-		new_ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
-		memcpy(new_ce->name, ce->name, len);
-		new_ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0) | CE_CONFLICTED;
-		new_ce->ce_namelen = len;
-		new_ce->ce_mode = ce->ce_mode;
-		if (add_index_entry(istate, new_ce, ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK))
-			return error(_("%s: cannot drop to stage #0"),
-				     new_ce->name);
-	}
-	return unmerged;
-}
-
-/*
- * Returns 1 if the path is an "other" path with respect to
- * the index; that is, the path is not mentioned in the index at all,
- * either as a file, a directory with some files in the index,
- * or as an unmerged entry.
- *
- * We helpfully remove a trailing "/" from directories so that
- * the output of read_directory can be used as-is.
- */
-int index_name_is_other(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name,
-		int namelen)
-{
-	int pos;
-	if (namelen && name[namelen - 1] == '/')
-		namelen--;
-	pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, namelen);
-	if (0 <= pos)
-		return 0;	/* exact match */
-	pos = -pos - 1;
-	if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
-		if (ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
-		    !memcmp(ce->name, name, namelen))
-			return 0; /* Yup, this one exists unmerged */
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-
-void *read_blob_data_from_index(const struct index_state *istate,
-				const char *path, unsigned long *size)
-{
-	int pos, len;
-	unsigned long sz;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *data;
-
-	len = strlen(path);
-	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
-	if (pos < 0) {
-		/*
-		 * We might be in the middle of a merge, in which
-		 * case we would read stage #2 (ours).
-		 */
-		int i;
-		for (i = -pos - 1;
-		     (pos < 0 && i < istate->cache_nr &&
-		      !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path));
-		     i++)
-			if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
-				pos = i;
-	}
-	if (pos < 0)
-		return NULL;
-	data = read_object_file(&istate->cache[pos]->oid, &type, &sz);
-	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
-		free(data);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	if (size)
-		*size = sz;
-	return data;
-}
-
-void stat_validity_clear(struct stat_validity *sv)
-{
-	FREE_AND_NULL(sv->sd);
-}
-
-int stat_validity_check(struct stat_validity *sv, const char *path)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-
-	if (stat(path, &st) < 0)
-		return sv->sd == NULL;
-	if (!sv->sd)
-		return 0;
-	return S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && !match_stat_data(sv->sd, &st);
-}
-
-void stat_validity_update(struct stat_validity *sv, int fd)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-
-	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-		stat_validity_clear(sv);
-	else {
-		if (!sv->sd)
-			sv->sd = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct stat_data));
-		fill_stat_data(sv->sd, &st);
-	}
-}
-
-void move_index_extensions(struct index_state *dst, struct index_state *src)
-{
-	dst->untracked = src->untracked;
-	src->untracked = NULL;
-	dst->cache_tree = src->cache_tree;
-	src->cache_tree = NULL;
-}
-
-struct cache_entry *dup_cache_entry(const struct cache_entry *ce,
-				    struct index_state *istate)
-{
-	unsigned int size = ce_size(ce);
-	int mem_pool_allocated;
-	struct cache_entry *new_entry = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, ce_namelen(ce));
-	mem_pool_allocated = new_entry->mem_pool_allocated;
-
-	memcpy(new_entry, ce, size);
-	new_entry->mem_pool_allocated = mem_pool_allocated;
-	return new_entry;
-}
-
-void discard_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	if (ce && should_validate_cache_entries())
-		memset(ce, 0xCD, cache_entry_size(ce->ce_namelen));
-
-	if (ce && ce->mem_pool_allocated)
-		return;
-
-	free(ce);
-}
-
-int should_validate_cache_entries(void)
-{
-	static int validate_index_cache_entries = -1;
-
-	if (validate_index_cache_entries < 0) {
-		if (getenv("GIT_TEST_VALIDATE_INDEX_CACHE_ENTRIES"))
-			validate_index_cache_entries = 1;
-		else
-			validate_index_cache_entries = 0;
-	}
-
-	return validate_index_cache_entries;
-}
-
-#define EOIE_SIZE (4 + GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ) /* <4-byte offset> + <20-byte hash> */
-#define EOIE_SIZE_WITH_HEADER (4 + 4 + EOIE_SIZE) /* <4-byte signature> + <4-byte length> + EOIE_SIZE */
-
-static size_t read_eoie_extension(const char *mmap, size_t mmap_size)
-{
-	/*
-	 * The end of index entries (EOIE) extension is guaranteed to be last
-	 * so that it can be found by scanning backwards from the EOF.
-	 *
-	 * "EOIE"
-	 * <4-byte length>
-	 * <4-byte offset>
-	 * <20-byte hash>
-	 */
-	const char *index, *eoie;
-	uint32_t extsize;
-	size_t offset, src_offset;
-	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
-	git_hash_ctx c;
-
-	/* ensure we have an index big enough to contain an EOIE extension */
-	if (mmap_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + EOIE_SIZE_WITH_HEADER + the_hash_algo->rawsz)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* validate the extension signature */
-	index = eoie = mmap + mmap_size - EOIE_SIZE_WITH_HEADER - the_hash_algo->rawsz;
-	if (CACHE_EXT(index) != CACHE_EXT_ENDOFINDEXENTRIES)
-		return 0;
-	index += sizeof(uint32_t);
-
-	/* validate the extension size */
-	extsize = get_be32(index);
-	if (extsize != EOIE_SIZE)
-		return 0;
-	index += sizeof(uint32_t);
-
-	/*
-	 * Validate the offset we're going to look for the first extension
-	 * signature is after the index header and before the eoie extension.
-	 */
-	offset = get_be32(index);
-	if (mmap + offset < mmap + sizeof(struct cache_header))
-		return 0;
-	if (mmap + offset >= eoie)
-		return 0;
-	index += sizeof(uint32_t);
-
-	/*
-	 * The hash is computed over extension types and their sizes (but not
-	 * their contents).  E.g. if we have "TREE" extension that is N-bytes
-	 * long, "REUC" extension that is M-bytes long, followed by "EOIE",
-	 * then the hash would be:
-	 *
-	 * SHA-1("TREE" + <binary representation of N> +
-	 *	 "REUC" + <binary representation of M>)
-	 */
-	src_offset = offset;
-	the_hash_algo->init_fn(&c);
-	while (src_offset < mmap_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz - EOIE_SIZE_WITH_HEADER) {
-		/* After an array of active_nr index entries,
-		 * there can be arbitrary number of extended
-		 * sections, each of which is prefixed with
-		 * extension name (4-byte) and section length
-		 * in 4-byte network byte order.
-		 */
-		uint32_t extsize;
-		memcpy(&extsize, mmap + src_offset + 4, 4);
-		extsize = ntohl(extsize);
-
-		/* verify the extension size isn't so large it will wrap around */
-		if (src_offset + 8 + extsize < src_offset)
-			return 0;
-
-		the_hash_algo->update_fn(&c, mmap + src_offset, 8);
-
-		src_offset += 8;
-		src_offset += extsize;
-	}
-	the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, &c);
-	if (!hasheq(hash, (const unsigned char *)index))
-		return 0;
-
-	/* Validate that the extension offsets returned us back to the eoie extension. */
-	if (src_offset != mmap_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz - EOIE_SIZE_WITH_HEADER)
-		return 0;
-
-	return offset;
-}
-
-static void write_eoie_extension(struct strbuf *sb, git_hash_ctx *eoie_context, size_t offset)
-{
-	uint32_t buffer;
-	unsigned char hash[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
-
-	/* offset */
-	put_be32(&buffer, offset);
-	strbuf_add(sb, &buffer, sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-	/* hash */
-	the_hash_algo->final_fn(hash, eoie_context);
-	strbuf_add(sb, hash, the_hash_algo->rawsz);
-}
-
-#define IEOT_VERSION	(1)
-
-static struct index_entry_offset_table *read_ieot_extension(const char *mmap, size_t mmap_size, size_t offset)
-{
-	const char *index = NULL;
-	uint32_t extsize, ext_version;
-	struct index_entry_offset_table *ieot;
-	int i, nr;
-
-	/* find the IEOT extension */
-	if (!offset)
-		return NULL;
-	while (offset <= mmap_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz - 8) {
-		extsize = get_be32(mmap + offset + 4);
-		if (CACHE_EXT((mmap + offset)) == CACHE_EXT_INDEXENTRYOFFSETTABLE) {
-			index = mmap + offset + 4 + 4;
-			break;
-		}
-		offset += 8;
-		offset += extsize;
-	}
-	if (!index)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* validate the version is IEOT_VERSION */
-	ext_version = get_be32(index);
-	if (ext_version != IEOT_VERSION) {
-		error("invalid IEOT version %d", ext_version);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	index += sizeof(uint32_t);
-
-	/* extension size - version bytes / bytes per entry */
-	nr = (extsize - sizeof(uint32_t)) / (sizeof(uint32_t) + sizeof(uint32_t));
-	if (!nr) {
-		error("invalid number of IEOT entries %d", nr);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	ieot = xmalloc(sizeof(struct index_entry_offset_table)
-		       + (nr * sizeof(struct index_entry_offset)));
-	ieot->nr = nr;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
-		ieot->entries[i].offset = get_be32(index);
-		index += sizeof(uint32_t);
-		ieot->entries[i].nr = get_be32(index);
-		index += sizeof(uint32_t);
-	}
-
-	return ieot;
-}
-
-static void write_ieot_extension(struct strbuf *sb, struct index_entry_offset_table *ieot)
-{
-	uint32_t buffer;
-	int i;
-
-	/* version */
-	put_be32(&buffer, IEOT_VERSION);
-	strbuf_add(sb, &buffer, sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-	/* ieot */
-	for (i = 0; i < ieot->nr; i++) {
-
-		/* offset */
-		put_be32(&buffer, ieot->entries[i].offset);
-		strbuf_add(sb, &buffer, sizeof(uint32_t));
-
-		/* count */
-		put_be32(&buffer, ieot->entries[i].nr);
-		strbuf_add(sb, &buffer, sizeof(uint32_t));
-	}
-}